高三宾语从句复习

1、,Object Clauses 宾语从句,课程内容 1.什么是宾语 2.引导词 3. that不可省略的情况 4.if 和Whether的区别 5.语序 6.否定前移 7.时态 8.it做形式宾语 9.运用虚拟语气的情况 10.宾语从句专项练习,I know him . 2. I know who he is .,主语,谓语,宾语,（简单句）,主语,谓语,宾 语 从 句,连词,从句主语,从句谓语,主 句,（复合句）,什么是宾语？,I know him. Do you have the time? I think (that) she is beautiful. Why dont you pay

2、 attention to me?,宾语 位于谓语动词或者介词后,一、宾语从句的概念,从句在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句， 通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。 eg. We know Mr Green teaches English. She asked if these answers were right.,二、宾语从句三要素,引导词（连接词） 语 序 时 态,不同引导词引导的宾语从句,由从属连词 that 引导的宾语从句,由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what 和连接副词 where,how,why,when 引导的宾语从句,由从属连词 whether,

3、if 引导的宾语从句,（一）引导词,1,2,3,e.g. I hear (that) _. He said (that) _. The teacher told us (that) _ _.,he will be back in an hour,he missed us very much,the earth moves,由从属连词 that 引导的宾语从句,注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略,around the sun,that不可省略的情况,宾语从句that常可省略，但在以下情况下不能省略 A当主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，可以省略第一个

4、that，其他不能省略。 e gI believe（that）you have done your best and that things will get better B当it作形式宾语时（常用在 think find make consider之后）即it（形式宾语）+补语之后 e gShe made it clear that she had nothing to do with him C当宾语从句前置时 egThat our team will win，I believe. D.宾语前有插入语 eg. We hope, on the contrary, that he will

5、stay at home with us. E.在except 等介词之后 eg. He has no special fault except that he smokes too much ,由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句,I want to know _ _. 2. Ask him _. 3. I wonder _. 4. Could you tell me_?,if (whether) he will go to the park with us,whether (if) he can come,whether it is going to rain or not,

6、if/ whether “是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask, wonder, can(could) you tell me 等后。,whether(if) Mr Li lives here,动词 doubt 用在疑问句或否定句时，其后宾语从句常用 that 作连接词；用在肯定句时，连接词用 whether 或 if 皆可，而不用 that。 Do you doubt that he will win? I dont doubt that your proposition is wrong. He doubts whether/if I know it.,只能用 whethe

7、r不能用 if 的情况,1. 在介词后面： Im thinking of whether we should go fishing. We are worried about whether it will rain tomorrow. 2. 在动词不定式前(whether to do sth.) ： They asked me whether to go skating.,3.当与or not连用，或提出两种选择时: I dont know whether hes free or not. Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not.

8、Tell me whether youd like to go shopping or tidy the room. 4. 宾语从句提前时： Whether this is true or not, I cant say.,Practice time,if / whether 1. I asked her _ she had a bike. 2. Were worried about _ he is safe. 3. I wonder _ he is well. 4. I dont know _ or not he is well. 5. I dont know _ to go.,if / w

9、hether,whether,whether /if,whether,whether,1. He asked _. 2. Do you know_? 3. He asked_. 4. Do you know _? 5. Please tell me _. 6. Can you tell me _? 7. Could you tell me _?,who could answer the question,whom they are waiting for,whose bike was the best in the class,when well have a meeting,where he

10、 is,how I can get to the station,why the train is late,由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what 和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾从,代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。,二、语序 宾语从句的语序用陈述语序： 连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分,1. When will he go to the library? His brother asks when he will go to the library . His brother asks when wil

11、l he go to the library .,2. What did he want to buy ? I dont know what did he want to buy . I dont know what he wanted to buy .,主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）,Whats wrong? Whats the matter? Whats happening? What happened?,注：当从句的原句为以下句子 以及what, who作主语时，语序不变：,eg: I dont know whats the matter. Can you tell me who

12、 is over there? Can you tell me who he is ?,做主语,做宾语,否定的转移,若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等， 其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。,I dont think this dress fits you well. I dont think you are right.,我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。 我认为你是错的。,I dont believe you will finish the work tod

13、ay.,我认为你今天无法完成工作。,I know he lives here . I know he lived here ten years ago . I have heard that he will come tomorrow .,三、时态,主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态， 根据实际情况而定。,2.如果主句是过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行时）， 从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态 （一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）,I knew who lived here. I saw she was talking with her mother. He asked

14、 whether his father would come back tomorrow. He said that he had seen it .,The teacher told me she was born in 1960. I heard that he went to Paris last night.,3. 从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象时， 仍用一般现在时。,Dad told us that it is better to do than to say. He told the boy that three and three is six. He told me

15、the earth moves around the sun.,4. 从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生 在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时。,The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be) The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go) I hear they _ (return) it already. He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be) Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the eas

16、t. (rise),will be,goes,have returned,had been,rises,it做形式宾语,1.在许多带有复合宾语的句子中，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面，而用it做形式宾语。（think. find make .consider之后） 动词+it +形容词或惯用搭配+ that从句+ 其他 例：We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone (我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的) 2.有些动词如like, dislike, hate, enjoy, appreciate，depend on, rely on

17、,have, take等，其后的宾语从句通常也用it作形式主语。（这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语） I hate it when someone speaks to me with his mouth full.,运用虚拟语气的情况,在表示： 建议 suggest 、advise、propose; 要求demand 、desire、request； 决定 decide; 命令 order、command、require; 坚决主张 insist; 等动词后跟宾语从句，用（should）+v（虚拟语气） e g I suggested that you（should）study hard H

18、e ordered that we should go out at once,作形容词的宾语，例如： I am afraid (that) Ive made a mistake.我恐怕我已经犯了一个错误。注意：that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, cont

19、ent 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。,宾语从句三要素,时 态,Summary (小结）,引导词（连接词）,语 序,1.The young man asked _ its summer or winter. A. either B. that C. weather D. whether 2.We dont know _ they did it . A. how B. who C. what D. which 3. The teacher asks us _ Jim can come back on time . A. that B. if C. when D. wha

20、t time 4. Does anybody know _ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not . A. if B. where C. whether D. that,D,A,B,C,Practice,5. Could you show me _ ? A. how can I get to the station B. where is the station C. how I could get to the station D. how I can reach the station 6. Please tell me _.

21、A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like 7. My sister told him _ . A. what day was it B. when the train arrived C. who she was waiting D. where did you live,C,B,D,8. Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see _ . A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is

22、 9. Could you tell me how long _ ? A. you have bought the watch B. you have kept this science book C. have you been away from China D. have you been a member of Greener China 10. He says that if it _ tomorrow , he _ fishing . A. will rain , wont go B. rained , wasnt go C. rains , wont go D. rain , w

23、ill go,B,C,D,将下列句子合并为一句: 1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What will you speak at the meeting? Could you tell me? 3. Do they like to go skiing? He asked. 4. He is doing his homework. He said. 5. He will come back. Tom said.,I asked where they stopped on the way.,Could you tell me what you will speak at the meetin