Debris flow 泥石流 地质英语论文.doc

地质英语结课论文学 号 03210337 姓 名 班 级 10级地质三班debris flowdebris flow is between flow and landslide between a geological processes.the typical debris flow by suspended the bulky solid debris and rich in silt and clay sticky mud composition. in the appropriate terrain conditions, a large number of water penetration hillside or ditch the solid bed accumulation of material, make its stability is reduced, full of water accumulation of solid material in its own gravity happened under movement, they form a debris flow. debris flow is a severe geological phenomenon. debris flow often suddenly broke out, feral, can carry huge stones, and with high speed, with a strong energy, thus can be very destructive. it broke out suddenly, feral, of great destructive power.the whole process of debris flow generally only a few hours, short only a few minutes. debris flow is a widely distributed all over the world some with special topography, physiognomy status areas of natural disasters. is the mountain valleys or mountain slope surface, by the heavy rain, ice and snow melting water and stimulate, contains a lot of sediment rocks between carrying water flow and landslide between the soil, water, gas mixed flow. most of the debris flow with mountain flood and happen. it and general flood is the difference between stream contains a sufficient number of sediment stone, solid debris, the volume content at least 15%, the highest can amount to 80% or so, so more destructive than the flood.debris flow influence the intensity of many factors, such as debris flow capacity, velocity and flow rate and so on, the debris flow discharge of debris flow hazard degree of impact on the most main. in addition, a variety of human activities in many aspects and intensifying the above factors effect, promote the formation of debris flow.debris flow is often broke out suddenly, feral, quick characteristic. and with collapse, landslide and flood damage of the dual role, its harm degree than single collapse, landslide and flood damage more widespread and severe. it to the harm of human specific performance in the following four aspects:to the harm of residential areasthe most common one of debris flow hazards is rushed into the villages, towns and destroyed houses, factories, enterprises, institutions and other facilities. drown people and livestock, and destroy the land, even cause village destroyed news disaster.such as august 1969 big yingjiang basin in yunnan province south arch debris flow, make equipment.we believe gold, old zhangjin two villages were destroyed and 97 people were killed, economic loss nearly ten thousand yuan.on the highway, railway harmcan be directly bury the station, railway, highway, destroy the roadbed, bridge and other facilities, the traffic, but also can cause running train, automobile subversion, cause serious personal casualty accidents. sometimes mud-rock flow into the channel, cause channel greatly change, indirect destroyed roads, railways and other structures, and even forced road reroute, cause huge economic losses.if ganchuan road 394 kilometers to the other side of the cross ditch, july 1978 outbreak of debris flow blockage, therefore this road flooded l kilometers, this redirection make long about two kilometers of subgrade become main stem, highway, revetment and aqueduct were all destroyed. the line since 1962, due to the influence of the debris flow has three times were forced to relocate. since china since the founding of the debris flow in railway and highway caused the inestimable great loss.for water conservancy, water and electricity engineering harmmain is washed out hydropower station, the diversion channel and a ditch buildings, buried hydropower station tailrace, and fill reservoir, abrasion dam surface, etc.to the harm of minethe main is to destroy mine and its facilities, buried mi