英语四级听力常考场景词及规律

英语四级听力常考场景词及规律 1、词汇总结： 校园: department, school, law school（法律学院）, research paper, term paper（学期报告）, reading list（参考书目,阅读书目）, reading report（书面报告,读书报告）, lecture, undergraduate, graduate, post graduate（研究生）, freshman, sophomore（二年级学生）,junior, senior, course, credit, tuition ( 学费), scholarship, cafeteria(自助餐厅或食堂) 公司: interview, post(岗位), position(职位, 职务), apply for, resume(地位；职位), working experience bank: deposit( 将（钱）存入银行；存储), draw, interest, check, bankbook, open an account( 开 户), exchange, money exchange, rate of exchange, currency(市价) deposit savings(定期存款) 邮局: letter, stamp, envelope, postage, ordinary mail, express mail（快件;快信）, zip code(邮递 区号), money order( 汇票,邮政汇票), package, parcel(包裹), registered letter( 挂号信), airmail, mail a letter 火车站: platform(站台), waiting-room, inquiry office, baggage office, ticket office, one-way ticket, return ticket 机场: plane, waiting lounge(候车室), information office, duty-free shop, boarding pass/ticket, first class, business class, economy class, air ticket, airfare, direct flight, non-stop flight, stopover(中途停留), domestic flight(国内班机,国内航班), international flight, flight No. 280, air hostess, No Smoking sign, seatbelt(安全带), take off, land, gate number, departure(启程), arrival，coach, go through the customs(经过海关检查) 餐厅: menu, waiter, waitress, main dish, appetizer(开胃品; 开胃饮料), dessert( (餐后)甜食, 甜 点), the first course, ready to order, a table for four, underdone, well-done, half-done, over-done, tender（提出；提供）, have the bill, reserve a table, beef, mutton, pork, steak, chicken, salad, cabbage, potato, tomato, knife, fork, spoon, tray, sea food, hamburger, drinks, apple pie 旅馆: single room with bath, double room, suite, presidential suite（总统客房）, lobby（门厅， 前厅，大厅）, check in, check out, room number, receptionist（接待员）, make a reservation 图书馆: borrow a book, return a book, overdue, renew, catalog （ 目录）, fine, librarian, back issue（过期刊物）, current issue, reference book, magazine, journal, bookshelf 医院: prescribe some medicines, run a fever, have a running nose（流鼻涕）, nose congestion（鼻塞）, take the temperature, scratchy throat（喉咙沙哑）, sore throat（喉咙痛）, cough, pills, tablets, headache, stomach, dizzy, flu, catch a cold, worn out 完形填空 模拟练习(一) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), C), B) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter in the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. The traditional wedding vow “to stay together till death us do part” is becoming obsolete in most western countries 1 divorce rates continue to rise steadily. In the US, for example, the statistics for 1978 show one divorce for 2 two marriages; in that year, over a million couples 3 their marriages dissolved, often at high financial and social 4 One factor behind the steady rise in 5 rates, according to sociologists, is the changing 6 of women. More and more women are continuing to work 7 marriage, thus remaining financially independent. 8 , they are becoming less 9 of husbands who treat them as subordinates. 10 important factor is the gradual relaxation of divorce 11 in many states. It is now 12 easy to obtain a divorce on the 13 of irretrievable breakdown of marriage. 14 divorce is often the only satisfactory solution married couples who can no longer 15 the sight of each other, it can have a shocking effect on their 16 . It is estimated that one 17 four children in the United States 18 lives with only one parent. Many such children grow up to be emotionally unstable to 19 with the pressures of modern society. They are the principal 20 of divorce. 1. A) so B) while C) though D)as 2. A)every B)the C)consider D)each 3. A)let B)wished C)wanted D)had 4. A)fare B)charge C)duty D)cost 5. A)wedding B)death C)divorce D)growth 6. A)status B)stay C)stall D)statue 7. A)till B) for C)after D)since 8. A) Still B)Moreover C)Thereby D)However 9. A)tolerable B)tolerant C)intolerable D)intolerant 10. A)Other B)Another C)Any D)One 11. A)orders B)principles C)law D)disciplines 12. A)relative B)considerable C)relatively D)considering 13. A)surfaces B)borders C)bottoms D)grounds 14. A)While B) As C)but D)Therefore 15. A)see B)keep C)stand D)catch 16. A)parents B)boys C)kid D)relatives 17. A)to B)in C)of D)out 18. A)timely B)currently C)incidentally D)instantly 19. A)handle B)cope C)endure D) bear 20. A)tragedians B)losers C)victims D)captures Anwser:1. D 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. D 10. C 11. B 12. B 13. D 14. A 15. B 16. B 17. C 18. C 19. B 20. B 模拟练习(二) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), C), B) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter in the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 3 The horse and carriage is a thing of the past, but love and marriage are still with us and still closely interrelated. Most American marriages, 1 first marriages uniting young people, are the result of mutual attraction and affection 2 than practical considerations. In the United States, parents do not 3 marriages for their children. Teenagers usually find mates through their own academic and social 4 and begin dating in high school. 5 young people feel free to choose their friends from 6 groups, most choose a mate of similar 7 . This is due in part to parental guidance. Parents cannot 8 spouses(配偶) for their children, but they can usually 9 choices by voicing disapproval of someone they consider unsuitable. 10 , marriages between members of different groups (interclass, interfaith, and interracial marriage) are 11 , probably because of greater mobility of todays youth and the fact that they are 12 by fewer prejudices than their parents. Many young people leave their home towns to attend college, serve in the armed forces, 13 pursue a career in a bigger city. Once away from home and family, they are more 14 to date and marry outside their own social group. In mobile American society, interclass marriages are neither 15 nor astonishing. Interfaith marriages are 16 on the rise, especially between Protestants and Catholics. On the other hand, interracial marriages are still very 17 . It can be difficult for interracial couples to find a place to live, maintain friendships, and 18 a family. Marriages between people of different national 19 (but the same race and religion) have been commonplace here 20 colonial times. 1. A)specially B) particularly C)naturally D)fortunately 2. A)more B)less C)rather D)better 3. A)arrange B)manage C)engage D)propose 4. A)position B)contract C)association D)contacts 5. A)Since If C)Though D)Hence 6. A)separate B)independent C)identical D)different 7. A)background B) circumstance C)situation D)condition 8. A)oppose B)select C)reject D)approve 9. A)influence B)afford C)make D)provide 10. A)Therefore B)Moreover C)However D)likewise 11. A)declining B)increasing C)prohibiting D)reducing 12. A)restrained B)reserved C)retained D)restricted 13. A)but B)so C)or D)otherwise 14. A)likely B) reluctant C)possible D)lonely 15. A)scarce B)risky C)rare D)rigid 16. A)in B)for C)at D)on 17. A)normal B)ordinary C)uncommon D)common 18. A)raise B)grow C)settle D)unite 19. A)source B)origin C)convention D) immigrant 20. A)since B)in C)for D)during Anwser:1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. A 10. B 11. C 12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C 16. D 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. A 翻译练习 （一） 1. It is recommended that _ (工程不动工)until all preparations have been made. 2. _ (而不是让蔬菜烂掉)，he sold them at half price. 3. _ （这个陌生人占这位年轻姑娘的便宜）and cheated her out of five dollars. 4. _ (事实既然如此)，there are no grounds to justify your complaints. 5. We _ (已投入所有的时间和精力)in this plan, and we dont want it to fail. 答案： （二） 1. It is recommended that the project not be started (工程不动工)until all preparations have been made. (本题考查虚拟语气，根据主句中的 recommended 可知从句部分应用虚拟语气，即所 填内容应用虚拟语气。 “工程”不是“动工”的逻辑主语，故应用被动语态) 2. Rather than allow the vegetable to go bad (而不是让蔬菜烂掉)，he sold them at half price. (本题考查 rather than 的用法，rather than 意思为“而不是”是连接词，连接平行结构， ，还考查“allowto do sth”) 3. The stranger took advantage of the young girl （这个陌生人占这位年轻姑娘的便宜） and cheated her out of five dollars. (本题考查固定短语和时态，take advantage of 意思为“占便宜，欺骗” ) 4. Such being the case (事实既然如此)，there are no grounds to justify your complaints. (从句部分是一个独立主格结构，前后主语不一致，考试大在句中做条件状语) 5. We have invested all our time and effort (已投入所有的时间和精力)in this plan, and we dont want it to fail. （三） 1. Your should interpret what I said in my sense of the word, _ (而不是按你自己的意思去解释). 2. She reached the top of the hill and _ （停下来休息）on a big rock by the side of the path. 3. Your proposal looks good on paper, but I am not convinced _ (它能付诸实施). 4. The mad man was put in the soft padded cell _ (以 免他伤害了自己). 5. The newcomers found it impossible to _ (适应气候) 5 sufficiently to make permanent homes in the new country. 答案：1. Your should interpret what I said in my sense of the word, not in yours (而不 是按你自己的意思去解释) (本题考查名词性物主代词作介词宾语时的语法功能，这里的名词性考试大物主代词是 yours，作介词 in 的宾语) 2. She reached the top of the hill and stopped to rest（停下来休息）on a big rock by the side of the path (本题考查 stop 的用法，stop to do 意思是停止做某事后去做另一件事，stop doing sth 意 思是停止做某事。由题意可知，她到了山顶，停下来在一个路边的大石头上休息，因此应 选择“stop to do” 停止做某事后去做另一件事) 3. Your proposal looks good on paper, but I am not convinced it can be put into effect (它能付诸实施) (本题考查被动语态和常用介词词组，put into effect 意思是付诸实施) 4. The mad man was put in the soft padded cell lest he injure himself (以免他伤害了自己) (本题考查“lest”的用法，用 lest 连接句子谓语部分用 should 加原形动词，should 可省略) 5. The newcomers found it impossible to adapt themselves to the climate (适应气候) sufficiently to make permanent homes in the new country （四） 1. _ (在地震中遭到破坏)，all the tall buildings in the city had to be rebuilt. 2. Were it _ (要不是大气层)，the stars could be seen shining at any time in the day. 3. The speaker urged the coal-miners to _ (维护自己的权利)， no matter how difficult it would be. 4. The local government has decided to _ (拆除旧城区)to build a central park. 5. I really found it hard to _ (忍住脾气)with so many things going wrong. 答案： 1. Having been damaged by the earthquake (在地震中遭到破坏)，all the tall buildings in the city had to be rebuilt. (本题考查分词结构作状语，还考查破坏和建筑物考试大之间的逻辑关系是被动关系) 2. Were it not for the atmosphere (要不是考试大大气层)，the stars could be seen shining at any time in the day. (本题考查虚拟语气中的“要不是”的表达方式是 not for) 3. The speaker urged the coal-miners to stand up for their own rights (维护自己的权 利)，no matter how difficult it would be. (本题考查短语“维护权利” 的表达方式是 stand up for their own rights) 4. The local government has decided to tear down the old district (拆除旧城区)to build a central park. (本题考查短语“拆除” 的表达方式是 tear down) 5.I really found it hard to keep my temper (忍住脾气)with so many things going wrong. （五） 1. She _ (感到内疚) about not telling the police what had actually happened. 2. Many a time _ (警告过那孩子不要玩火) but he turns a deaf ear to the warnings. 3. In manufacturing industries some types of plastics have become _ (取代了金属). 4. Without a sure supply of water, farming in that area remains _ (靠天吃饭). 5. It was because she was inexperienced _ (她不知道如何 应对这种形式). 答案： 1. She had a guilty conscience (感到内疚) about not telling the police what had actually happened. (本题考查形容词搭配，have a guilty conscience about 意思为“内疚”) 2. Many a time has the child been told not to play with fire (警告过那孩子不要玩火) but he turns a deaf ear to the warnings. (本题考查倒装结构，此句中“but”是并列连词，连接两个并列句，状语 many a time 放 在句首，句子要倒装) 3. In manufacturing industries some types of plastics have become a substitute for metal (取代了金属). (本题考查名词辨析与搭配，名词 substitute 常考试大用于“substitute for”结构中，意为 “替代”) 4.Without a sure supply of water, farming in that area remains at the mercy of the weather (靠天吃饭) (本题考查 mercy 的用法，at the mercy of 意为“任凭的摆布”“完全收的支配”) 5.It was because she was inexperienced that she didnt know how to deal with the situation (她不知道如何应对这种形式) 【阅读练习】 （一） Now let us look at how we read. When we read a printed text, our eyes move across a page in short, jerky movement. We recognize words usually when our eyes are still when they fixate. Each time they fixate, we see a group of words. This is known as the recognition span or the visual span. The length of time ofr which the eyes stop -the duration of the fixation -varies considerably from person to person. It also vaies within any one person according to his purpose in reading and his familiarity with the text. Furthermore, it can be affected by such factors as lighting and tiredness. 7 Unfortunately, in the past, many reading improvement courses have concentrated too much on how our eyes move across the printed page. As a result of this misleading emphasis on the purely visual aspects of reading, numerous exercises have been devised to train the eyes to see more words at one fixation. For instance, in some exercises, words are flashed on to a screen for, say, a tenth or a twentieth of a second. One of the exercises has required students to fix their eyes on some central point, taking in the words on either side. Such word patterns are often constructed in the shape of rather steep pyramids so the reader takes in more and more words at each successive fixation. All these exercises are very clever, but its one thing to improve a persons ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently. Reading requires the ability to understand the relationship between words. Consequently, for these reasons, many experts have now begun to question the usefulness of eye training, especially since any approach which trains a person to read isolated words and phrases would seem unlikely to help him in reading a continuous text. Q: 1. The time of the recognition span can be affected by the following facts except _ . A. ones familiarity with the text B. ones purpose in reading C. the length of a group of words D. lighting and tiredness 2. The author may believe that reading _. A. requires a reader to take in more words at each fixation B. requires a reader to see words more quickly C. demands an deeply-participating mind D. demands more mind than eyes 3 What does the author mean by saying “but its one thing to improve a persons ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently.” in the second parapraph? A. The ability to see words is not needed when an efficient reading is conducted. B. The reading exercises mentioned cant help to improve both the ability to see and to comprehend words. C. The reading exercises mentioned cant help to improve an efficient reading. D. The reading exercises mentioned has done a great job to improve ones ability to see words. 4. Which of the following is NOT true? A. The visual span is a word or a group of words we see each time. B. Many experts began to question the efficiency of eye training. C. The emphasis on the purely visual aspects is misleading. D.The eye training will help readers in reading a continuous text. 5. The tune of the author in writing this article is _ A critical B neutral C prssimistic D optimistic 答案：CCCDA 解题思路 1 C。事实细节题。第一段提到了影响视幅的因素：不同的人，不同的阅读目的，对 材料的熟悉程度，光线，疲劳。C“一组词的长度”不是能影响视幅的因素，是本题的答案。 2 C。观点态度题。作者在第二段第二句提到，眼睛训练课程只注重了阅读的视觉因 素。倒数第二句书哦，阅读要求具备理解单词间关系的能力。因此选项 C“阅读需要大脑的 深度参与”正确。作者没有否定阅读的视觉因素的必要性，但是也没有说读者应该练习拓宽 视幅，加快阅读速度。所以 AB 两项都不正确。作者没有对大脑和眼睛在阅读过程中的重 要性进行对比，所以不选 D 3 C。 作者在这句话中先是肯定了那些阅读练习提高看单词的能力，然后提出了有效 阅读概念。后面句中还指出，有效阅读需要的是理解单词间的联系的能力。所以作者的意 思应该是那些(训练眼睛的)阅读练习对与有效的阅读无益。B 与文章相反。D 句是蕴涵其 中一个意思，却不是作者想表达的方向。 4 D。 第二段最后一句说，眼睛训练对于帮助读者阅读连贯文章无益，所以 D 是错的， 是本题答案。 5 A。 参考前面的结构剖析，作者写本文的主要目的是对那些只关注阅读的视觉因素 的阅读能力课程进行批判，所以答案应该是 A。 （二） Now let us look at how we read. When we read a printed text, our eyes move across a page in short, jerky movement. We recognize words usually when our eyes are still when they fixate. Each time they fixate, we see a group of words. This is known as the recognition span or the visual span. The length of time ofr which the eyes stop -the duration of the fixation -varies considerably from person to person. It also vaies within any one person according to his purpose in reading and his familiarity with the text. Furthermore, it can be affected by such factors as lighting and tiredness. Unfortunately, in the past, many reading improvement courses have concentrated too much on how our eyes move across the printed page. As a result of this misleading 9 emphasis on the purely visual aspects of reading, numerous exercises have been devised to train the eyes to see more words at one fixation. For instance, in some exercises, words are flashed on to a screen for, say, a tenth or a twentieth of a second. One of the exercises has required students to fix their eyes on some central point, taking in the words on either side. Such word patterns are often constructed in the shape of rather steep pyramids so the reader takes in more and more words at each successive fixation. All these exercises are very clever, but its one thing to improve a persons ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently. Reading requires the ability to understand the relationship between words. Consequently, for these reasons, many experts have now begun to question the usefulness of eye training, especially since any approach which trains a person to read isolated words and phrases would seem unlikely to help