被动语态中考考点复习课件

被动语态 The Passive Voice 山大二附中 景玉岭 How to describe the pictures The river was seriously polluted. Some trees have been cut down. our environment must keep clean The Great Wall was built 2000 years ago. the Great Wall build 2000 years ago 英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者 例如：Many people speak English. He opened the door.他开了门 We can repair this watch in two days. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 例如：English is spoken by many people. The door was opened.门被开了。 This watch can be repaired by us in two days. 语语 态态 分分 类类 Passive voice Many people English. English by many people. speak is spoken bebe动词动词 + + 及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词 English is spoken by many people. 否定句： 一般疑问句： 特殊疑问句： English isnt spoken by many people. Is English spoken by many people? Who/Whom is English spoken by? By whom is English spoken? 一般现在时: 一般过去时: 一般将来时: 现在完成时: 含有情态动词: am/is /are + p.p can/may/must/should+ be+p.p will/shall+ be +p.p have/has+ been+ p.p was/were + p.p 【考点一考点一】下列时态的被动语态下列时态的被动语态结结构构: : 一般现在时： I am called Jimmy. Football is played all over the world. The car is made in China. Knives are used for cutting things. am/is/are + 过去分词 一般过去时： The kite was made by them. The clothes were washed by my mother. Many houses were washed away in the flood. was/were + 过去分词 一般现在时及一般过去时的被动语态 1.They water the flowers every morning. =The flowers _ _ _ _ every morning 2.Did he break the window yesterday? =_the window_ _ _ yesterday? are watered by them Was broken by him 一般将来时： The work will be finished in 2 days. We shall be shall be givengiven a warm welcome. I am going to be sent to America. The painting is going to be sold to Canada Trees are going to be planted by them tomorrow. will/shall be + 过去分词 am/is/are going to be + 过去分词 情态动词 + be + 过去分词 The trees should be watered at once. The books can be kept for 2 weeks. Our environment must be protected well. The homework must be handed in . 一般将来时及情态动词的被动语态 1.We must keep the noise under 50 dbs(分贝) here =The noise must _ _ under 50 dbs here. 2. Can you look up the word in the dictionary. = _ the word _ _ _ in the dictionary. 3. They will hand in their homework on time =Their homework _ _ _ _ on time. 4.The people wont cut down the trees any more = The trees _ _ _ down any more. be kept Can be looked up Will be handed in wont be cut 现在完成时： The work has been finished by them. The house has been built. His sheep have been found. The books have been kept since last week. have/has been + 过去分词 现在完成时的被动语态 1. The boy has returned the book in time =The book _ _ _ by the boys in time. 2. Have the police warned all of you to be careful of the thieves =_ all of you _ _ to be careful of the thieves. 3. We havent corrected the mistakes. =The mistakes _ _ _ . has been returned Have been warned have been corrected （1）被动语态要与原主动语态 的时态一致 （2）被动语态的句式要与原主动语态一致 注 意： Practice breakfast prepare my mother often Breakfast is often prepared by my mother. Practice bike buy my father last month The bike was bought by my father last month. Practice roads clean machines in the future. The roads will be cleaned by the machines in the future. Practice bike repair Lucy already The bike has been repaired by Lucy already. Practice dogs can look after Tom The dogs can be looked after by Tom. 【考点二考点二】 be asked to do be told to do be invited to do be chosen to do be encouraged to do be allowed to do ask sb. to do tell sb. to do invite sb. to do choose sb. to do encourage sb. to do allow sb. to do 主动 被动 sb. 【考点三考点三】 make sb. do see sb. do hear sb. do let sb. do watch sb. do be made to do be seen to do sb.be heard to do be let to do be watched to do 主动被动 He is often seen to play soccer. She was heard to sing Beijing Opera yesterday. He made me clean the room. I was made to clean the room. Ex. I often see him play soccer. Yesterday I heard her sing Beijing Opera. 一感（feel），二听（hear, listen to），三让（let, make, have），四看（see, watch, look at, notice ）等动词后边接省略to 的不定式作宾补，变为被动语 态时，必须加上to。 【考点四考点四】 give sb. sth. pass sb. sth. sell sb. sth. lend sb. sth. bring sb. sth. make sb. sth. buy sb. sth. be given to sb. be passed to sb. be sold to sb. Sth be lent to sb. be brought to sb. be made for sb. be bought for sb. 主动 被动 Bob sent Kate a letter last year. =Kate was sent a letter by Bob last year. =A letter was sent to Kate by Bob last year. tell ask bring write give teach pass lend to Mum made me a new dress. I was made a new dress by Mum. A new dress was made for me by Mum. make buy draw for I bought my brother a book. 【考点五考点五】 look for look after take care of hand in laugh at speak to be looked for be looked after be taken care of be handed in be laughed at be spoken to 不要漏掉介词不要漏掉介词. . Lily took care of the baby. The baby was taken care of by Lily. 主动 被动 小结：动词短语在转换成被动语态时， 不能丢掉其中的_。 介词或副词 1.write, sell, wash, cut, drive, peel 等词 作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可用 主动形式表被动。 This kind of shirt sells well here. This kind of cloth washes well. This orange peels easily. The car drives well. 【考点六考点六】 2.want, need, require等词表“需要”时，后边 可跟ing形式表被动，相当于to be done. My bike needs repairing. = My bike needs to be repaired. Ex: 你的头发该剪了。 这个房间需要打扫一下。 Your hair needs cutting / to be cut. This room wants cleaning / to be cleaned. Article2_popwin_radio 4.某些“be+形容词+to do”结构中的不定式通常要 用主动形式表示被动意义： 3.连系动词为不及物动词，它们没有被动语态形式 。但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词(如look, sound, smell, feel, taste 等)可用主动表被动： The building looks very beautiful. 这座建筑看上去很美。 Her voice sounded quite sweet. 她的声音听起来非常甜美。 The book is difficult to understand. 这书很难懂。 The music isnt pleasant to listen to. 这音乐不好听。 Article3_popwin_flight 5.不定式用于某些动词(如have, have got, get等)的 宾语后作定语时，如果不定式的逻辑主语就是句子的 主语，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。 I have some clothes to wash. 我有一些衣服要洗。 Miss Green has some important letters to send. 格林小姐有一些重要的信件要寄。 6. 在 tooto do sth 和enough to do sth这两个结 构中，若句子主语与其后不定式to do sth为被动关系， 则该不定式通常用主动形式表示被动意义(有时也可直 接用被动式)。 The tea is too hot to drink. 茶太热，不能喝。 have / get / make sth. done “使某事物被做” u have my hair cut u get my bike repaired u make myself understood 1). 不及物动词没有被动语态。 如：belong, happen, take place, last, come true, remain, succeed, fall, die, arrive, 等。 * Great changes have taken place in this city. * That bike doesnt belong to Mike. 2) 表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态 have / fit I have a TV set. The coat fits me well. 3）祈使句一般没有被动语态。 【正】Look at the blackboard，please 【误】The blackboard is looked at by you 5).反身代词在句中作宾语时，不能用被动语态。例如 ： 【正】You must look after yourself 【误】Yourself must be looked after 4).系动词没有被动态和进行时态 这鱼味道很好。 这条围巾摸上去很软。 The fish tastes good. The scarf feels soft. ( )1. -How clean and tidy your bedroom is！ -Thank you. It _ every day: A. cleans B. is cleaned C. is cleaning Exercises: 选择题: (2.5mins) ( )2. The 29th Olympic Games _in Beijing in 2008 A. is held B. will hold C. was held ( ) 3. The story books_ by the writer in the 1960s. A. are written B. were written C. wrote ( )4. If the work _, you can go and play A. finishes B. is finished C. will be finished ( ) 5.Mr Browns story _ by everyone who heard it A. laughed at B. was laughed C. was laughed at ( ) 6. This painting _ to a museum in 1977. A. sells B. sold C. was sold B C B B C C ( ) 7. She is often heard_ in the classroom. A. sing B. to sing C. sang ( ) 8. To make our city more beautiful, rubbish _ into the river. A. mustnt be thrown B. can be thrown C. cant throw ( ) 9. I like my bike. It _ very well. A. rides B. is riding C. is ridden ( ) 10. I wont come to the party unless Tom _, too. You mean if Tom comes, youll come. A. will invite B. invites C. is invited ( ) 11. I like this dress, and it _ so soft and comfortable. A. is feeling B. feels C. is felt (2mins) B A A C B 1.People use knives for cutting things. Knives _ _ for cutting things. 2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month. The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month. are used are cleaned (变被动语态） 3.I found the ticket on the floor. _ _ _ _ on the floor. 4.I told her to return the book in time. She _ _ to return the book in time. The ticket was found was told 5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day. He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day. 6.Now people can use computers to help them. Now computers _ _ _ to help them. was made to have can be used 7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year? _ _ _ _ at this time last time? 8.Must we finish our work today? _ our work_ _ today? Were many trees planted Must be finished 9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps. 1) _ _ _ some wonderful stamps. 2) Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _. we were given were given to us 10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer. Tom _ _ to turn on the computer. 11.In this factory women do most of the work. Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory. was asked is done Fill in the blanks: Paper ( invent)_in A.D.105 by Cai Lun in China.It is an important part of our everyday lives,but few people ever think about how it (make) _.Today most paper comes from trees.However,with the concern for the environment ( 考虑到环境) , more and more paper(produce)_from recycled paper products.Since paper products are of different qualities,they first(sort分类)_before they (recycle)_.The sorted material (put) _into a huge machine. was invented is made is produced are sorted are recycled is put n中考被动语态考题 1.The river smells terrible. People must _ dirty thing into it.(南京市中考题） A be stopped to throw B be stopped from throwing C stop to throw D stop from throwing 2.This book _ often _from the library.(北 京市中考题） A arent take away B taken away C isnt taken away D be taken away 3.He _ _ (tell) to return his books to the library yesterday. (黄冈市中考题） was told 4. Another man-made satellite was sent up into space by them last week (济南市中考题 ） another man-made satellite into space last week.变主动语态 5.People there planted many trees last year. Trees _ _ by people there last year. (青岛市中考题） 6. They grow vegetables on the f