深港版六年级上英语基本知识点.doc

文思辅导社Unit1语法Look at those photos from last year.看看那些去年拍的照片。Last year,I was 138cm tall and was 29kg.去年我高1.38米，体重29公斤。I liked to exercise a lot before. 我以前很喜欢锻炼This year,Im taller and heavier今年我长高了，体重很增加了。He is last in the race.他在赛跑中是最后一名。She can lift some heavy weights.她能举起很重的哑铃。He can only do two pull-ups.他只能做两个引体向上。Dave is stronger than Kevin.大卫比凯文更强壮Lots of animals came to cheer for them.许多动物都来为他们加油。Halry had a rest under a tree and fell asleep.海丽在一棵树下休息，睡着了。She did not get to the finish line before Ted.她没能赶在泰德前面达到终点。You need to eat healthy food to have a healthy boby.你应该吃一些健康的食品来保持健康的身体。What kinds of food are healthy?哪些食品健康呢？Its important to eat many different kinds of food but you should be careful about the amount you eat 吃许多不同种类的食物非常重要，但你要注意你吃的数量。Too much sugar is bad for your body and your teeth.吃太多的糖对你的身体和牙齿不好。Unit1句型形容词的比较级 （1）一般来说，表示两者之间的比较用比较级，通常和than连用，变化如下 1.单音节末尾加er. 如：tall-taller light-lighter 2.单音节末尾以e结尾，只加r. 如：nice-nicer wide-wider 3.重读闭音节且词尾为单个辅音字母，须双写这个辅音字母，再加er. 如：wet-wetter fat-fatter 4.以辅音字母加y结尾的单词，把y改成i，再加er. 如：heavy-heavier happy-happier “than”意为“比”. 如 ：Im stronger than Mike.last year,l was 138cm and was 29kg.意思是“去年我1米38，29公斤。” m和kg都是度量单位，cm是centimetre的缩写，意为“公分，厘米”，在此与tall连用，表示身高，也可以与long（长）；wide（宽)一起连用。kg是kilogram的缩写，意为“公斤”。例如：Pat is 137cm tall and 37kg.帕坦1米37高，37公斤。l didnt exercise very often.意思是“我不常锻炼。” exercise 作为名词有“练习，锻炼”的意思，也可做动词。例如：We do morning exercises every morning. 我们每天做早操。 They have no exercises today.他们今天没有作业。 You dont exercise enough.你锻炼不够。She didnt get to the finish line before Ted. 意思是“她没能在泰德前面到达终点线。” get to意为“到达”，等于reach. 例如:When did you get to Beijing?你什么时候到北京的？ I reached Beijing last Saturday.我上周六到北京的。It is important to eat many different kinds of food.意思是“吃许多不同种类的食物非常重要。”it为形式主语，真正的主语为to引导的不定式短语，kind本意为“和善的”是形容词，在这儿是名词，意为“种类”，a kind of为一种，many kinds of为“许多种”，many different kinds of 为“许多不同种”。Unit2语法Which country has this flag?这面旗是哪个国家的？Whats the name of this place?这个地方叫什么名字？The longer river in China is the Changjiang River. 中国最长的河流是长江。What ia the highest mountain in the world? 世界最高的山峰是哪座？The Splendid China is the biggest model park in the world.锦绣中华是世界最大的模型公园。Every day there are shows with dancing and singing.每天有歌舞表演。On hot summer days,the Water Festival is lots of fun.在炎热的夏天，泼水节非常有趣。The wind can go 286km/hr there.哪儿的风速可达每小时286公里。In winter,three metres of snow can fall in one day.冬天，一天能降三米厚的雪。I want to see the top of the world.我想看看世界之顶峰。Nothing can live in it but people can swim there.里面没有生命存在，但人可以在那儿游泳。People chose the name Greenland because they wanted others to come and live there,too.人们选择了“格林兰岛”这个名字是应为希望别人也能来这里生活。Unit2句型What is the highest monutain in the world?世界最高峰是哪一个？该句型用了形容词的最高级，最高级是用于三者或三者以上的比较，通常和in,of,among等词连用，变化如下：a),一般情况如下，直接在形容词后加est.例如：long-longest short-shortsest b),单音节形容词只有一个元音字母，其末尾为一辅音字母时，要双写这个辅音字母再加est.例如：big-binggest hot-hottest fat-fattest.c),单音节形容词以-e结尾的，加-st构成最高级。如：large-largest.最高级句型结构为“the+最高级”。如：Chongqing is the largest city in China.重庆是中国最大的城市。d),以辅音字母+y结尾的词，要把y改成i再加est。如：heavy-heaviest happy-happiestThe longest river in China is the Changjiang River.中国最长的河是长江。 该句中的“the Changjiang River”作宾语，若做主语，句子则写成“The Changjiang River is the longest ricer in china. 例如： The largest city in China is Chongqing.(Chongqing作宾语）中国最大的城市是重庆。 Chongqing is the largest city in China.(Chongqing作主语）重庆是中国最大的城市。Youre doing well but its time for bed now.你做得很好，但是现在到了睡觉时间了。 此句中time意为“时候，时刻”，与其相关的句型主要有两个：(a)Its time to+动词 （b)Its time for+名词。都表示“是.的时候了”。该句用的是第二个句型。句中的bed作名词。例如：It is time for lunch.午饭时间到了。 Its time to go to school.是去学校的时候了Unit3句型The sun is much brighter than the Earth.意思是“太阳要比地球大得多。” much为程度副词，意为“多-，更-”，放在比较级最高级前面，用来强调。例如：I feel much better now.我现在好多了。 Its much colder than yesterday.今天比昨天冷多了。 This is much the best.这是最最好的。sun,moon,Earth前面必须加-the,因为他们是世界上独一无二的。例如：The sun is bigger than the Earth and smaller than the moon.太阳比地球大，比月亮小。Lets talk about that later.让我们稍后再讨论吧。let用来引导祈使句。其结构是：lets+动词原形，它的否定形式结构是： Lets+not+动词原形The earth is one of the hottest planest.意思是“地球是最热的行星之一。”one of the用来修饰hottest,planets在此必须用复数，说明地球不是唯一的最热的，只是其中的一个。结构是：one of +the+最高级+名词复数。例如：Tom is one of the tallest boy students in our class.汤姆是我们班最高男生中的一个。Why does Dr Zhang sleep in a special way?意思是“张博士为什么以一种特殊的形式睡觉？” in为介词，本意为“在.之内”，在此可翻译为“用，以.”，与with意思相近，但后面所跟内容不一样。例如：I can answer the question in Japanese.我能用日语回答这个问题。（语言）He can write the postcard with a pen .他可以用钢笔来写这张明信片。（工具）Unit3语法The moon is near to the Earth.月亮离地球近。The sun is far from the Earth. 太阳离地球远。Thats why its brighter than the other stars.这就是为什么它比其它星星要明亮的原因。Lets talk about that later.过会儿我们再讨论它吧！The sun is much bigger than the Earth.太阳比地球大得多。She works in the space station. 她在太空站工作。She must fix something outside the station.她必须在太空站外安装一个东西。There is a sunrise or sunset every 45 minutes. 每隔45分钟就有一次日出或者日落。Why does Dr Zheng sleep in a special way?张博士为什么以一种特别的方式睡觉？it became the first living to fly around the Earth. 它成为第一个围绕地球飞行的生命物体。Yang Liwei flew around the Earth for more than 21 hours in Shenzhou V.杨利伟乘神舟5号环绕地飞了21多个小时。Unit5句型You are a better jumper this year then last year.意思是“你今年比去年跳得好。” better是good的比较级，意为“更好的”，修饰jumper。jumper是由jump+er变成名词，表示行为主体者或做某事的人，意为“跳跃着”.than前后接this year和 last year是该句所要对比的部分，此句也可以说成：You jump better this year than last year.例如：Jim is a better runner this month than last month.吉姆这个月比上个月跑得快多了。Jim run better this month than last month. 形容词不规则变化：old-older-oldest far-farther-farthestlitte-less-least What event are you in?意思是“你参加了什么比较项目？” 句中的event是可数名词，意为“比赛项目”，in在此表示参加某类活动，答句为Im in.。例如：Im in then long jump and the high jump.我参加了跳远和跳高。in还可以表在“在家”，等于at home。例如：Hello,is jack in?你好杰克在家吗？Sorry,he is out.对不起，他出去了。They won the most medals and they are in the first place.意思是“他们是第一名，他们赢得最多的奖牌。?most为many的最高级，意为“最多”，赢得奖牌用win,不用get。first place是“第一名”的意思，常与介词in一起连用。例如：Class One won 15 medals and they are in the third place.一班赢得15枚奖牌，第三名。Class Three won 17 medals and they are in the second place.三班赢得了17枚奖牌，第二名。He ran 400 metres in 60.3 seconds.意思是“他用60.3秒跑完了400米。” metres为米，度量单位，可缩写为m,second在此为名词，意为“秒”。例如：Liu Xiang can run 110m hurdles in 12.88 seconds.刘翔用12秒88跑完110米栏。度量单位：cm-centimetre厘米、公分；m-metre米、公尺；km-kilometre千米、公里；g-gram克；kg-kilogram千克、公斤；t-ton吨。Unit5语法Whats your favorite event? 你最喜欢什么项目？I like the 110m hurdles.我喜欢110米跨栏。What event are you in? 你参加了什么项目？Im in the long jump and the high jump. 我参加跳远和跳高。You are a better jumper this yeat than last year.你今年比去年要跳得高。Alice is the best jumper in the school.艾丽斯是学校跳跃最好的人。Lets just do out best and have fun.我们尽力而为，开心愉快。Congratulations to everyone.恭贺大家！Now we will give out the team awards.现在我们将颁发团体奖。They won the most models and they are in first place.他们赢得了最多奖牌，荣获第一名。They are both new school records.他们创下两项新的校记录。Thats about 36km per hour.大约每小时36公里。The fastest people can run 100m in 9.78 seconds.人能跑的最快的百米速度是9.78秒Cheetahs can run 112 km per hour but they cant run this fast long.猎豹每小时能跑112公里，但不能持续太久。How can people move as fast as animals and fish? 人们如何才能像动物和鱼一样快呢？Unit6句型I like Monkey the best.意思是“我最喜欢孙悟空。”bast为副词，是well的最高级，意为“最，极”，副词最高级时，the可以省略。例如：Which singer do you like (the) best?你最喜欢哪位歌手？I like Hanhong(the)best.我最喜欢韩红。He in the most interesting character.意思是“他是最有趣人物。” interesting是多音节形容词，双音节和多音的形容词与副词的比较级和最级是在它的前面加-more,-加the most.例如：He is the most hard-working character.他是最勤劳的人物。*双音节多音节形容词、副词：interesting;hard-working;beautiful;delicious;expensive;exciting;frightening;careful;carfully;slowly;quickly;difficult;dangerous;boring;famous;important;tiredShe wanted to make a lot of people.意思是“她要做出很多人”people意为“人”，只有单数形式，如加-s，意思是“民族”。lot of等于a lot of,意为“许多”，既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。例如：How many people are there in your family?你家里有多少人？There are are lost of bread in the fridge.冰箱里有很多面包。Unit6语法She is smart,brave and hard-working.她聪明、勇敢、勤劳。I like Monkey King the best.我最喜欢猴王。He is the most interesting character.他是个最有趣的角色。She is braver and kinder than Monkey King.她比猴王勇敢、善良。She made most of people with her hands but is was very hard work. 她用手捏了许多人，但很幸苦。Then she had another idea.然后她又想了一个主意。They worked hard and lived happily.他们努力的工作幸福的活着。Finally,Nuwa fixed the sky and people were safe again.后来女娲补好了天，人们又安全了。How did Nuwa fix the hold in the sky?女娲是如何修补天上的洞的？In most fairy tales,good people fight bad people and the good people win in the end. 部分神话故事里都是好人与坏人的战斗，最终都是好人获得胜利。They often told stories to children.他们经常给孩子们讲故事。Unit7句型I like vegetables so I brought vegetable soup.我喜欢蔬菜，所以我带了蔬菜汤。 句中so是连词，意为“因而，所以，这样看来”。该句型是因果关系句型，because与so不可连用。例如：He was sick so they were quiet.他病了，所以他们很安静。I like sweet food so I brought a cake.我喜欢甜食，所以我带了蛋糕。You like sweet food so you will like this chocolate cake.你喜欢甜食，那么你会喜欢这个巧克力蛋糕的。I need some water or juice.我需要一些水或果汁。句中or是并列连词，意为“或，或者”。例如：I would like some dumplings or noodles.我想要些饺子或面条。I put in lots of chocolate and sugar.我放了很多糖和巧克力。词组put in意为“放进”。在此lots of 用来修饰不可数名词chocolate和sugar.Lots of ,a lot of 和plenty of 既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。例如：You add lots of salt/sarros.你加了很多盐/胡萝卜。There is /are plenty of rain/houses.有足够的雨/房子。Its delicious but its not healthy to eat too