（新课标）高考英语第1部分Book5Unit3Scienceandnature课后规范训练（含解析）牛津译林版.docx

Book 5 Unit 3 Science and nature阅读理解组块练.阅读理解A(山西省太原市2018届高三第二次模拟考试)Located in Los Angeles, University of Southern California is in the heart of a leading city.Although LA ranks highly in The Economists Safe Cities Index, navigating and city calls for certain safety precautions (预防措施) along with practicing common sense. Mobile Safety App Powered by LiveSafeThe Mobile Safety App powered by LiveSafe, manage by the USC Department of Public Safety and the USC Department of Emergency Planning, is a free downloadable app that mobile users can use to initiate contact with emergency responders around the campus.Features include: immediate “push button” calls to DPS, easy reporting for suspicious activity or crimes in progress, and location services to notify friends of your route through campus. Blue Light Phone LocationsThe University Park has multiple blue light phones that are strategically placed throughout campus.Take note of where the closest ones are on your route.They come in handy in case you lose your phone or in an emergency.These phones are directly connected to USCs Department of Public Safetys 24hour communications center.Besides emergency needs, it can also be used to report suspicious activity, request for an escort (护送) if you feel unsafe and to report a crime. Trojans AlertTrojans Alert is an emergency notification system that allows university officials to contact you during an emergency by sending messages via text message or email.When an emergency occurs, authorized USC senders will instantly notify you with realtime updates, instructions on where to go, what to do (or what not to do), whom to contact and other important information.All members of the USC community, as well as parents and regular visitors to campus, are strongly encouraged to sign up for Trojans Alert.1What do blue light phones do for students?AGuide students through campus.BAlert students to crime activities.CLight up the way if students feel unsafe.DConnect them with the safety department.2How does USC send out instructions during an emergency?AWith blue light phones.BVia text message or email.CThrough mobile safe app.DBy calling all USC members.3What is the purpose of the text?ATo encourage students to fight crimes.BTo introduce USCs safety department.CTo provide safety services for USC students.DTo inform parents of safety risks on campus.【答案与解析】1D细节推理题。根据Blue Light Phone Locations中第四句可知，这些手机直接连接到南加州大学公共安全部门的24小时通讯中心，故选D。2B细节推理题。根据Trojans Alert中第一句可知，Trojans Alert是一个紧急通知系统，在紧急情况下通过短信或电子邮件发出指令，故选B。3C推理判断题。根据第一段和下文的安全服务措施的具体介绍可知，本文的目的是介绍大学为学生们提供的安全服务，故选C。B(2018云南质检)In a science fiction future, well arrive at the hotel in our driverless taxi，check in at the reception desk staffed by androids, and then follow the robot porter(行李员) as it carries our bags to our room.However, this is already a science fact.Robots are already working in some hotelsthe Hennna Hotel in Sasebo，Japan is manned entirely by machines.In a Marriott hotel in Ghent, Belgium, a humanoid robot named Mario has been working since June 2015.He welcomes guests in 19 languages.Another robot has just taken up a concierge(接待员) position at a Hilton McLean hotel in Virginia.So the rise of the hotel machines seems unstoppable, but will guests really want to stay in robotrun hotels? And will it come at the cost of human interaction and human jobs?US.online booking company Travelzoo gathered some statistics.Of the 6,000 travelers surveyed globally, nearly two thirds said theyd be comfortable with the idea of being looked after by machines.Richard Singer, Travelzoos European president, says he welcomes the day when apps and machines will get us from lobbies(大堂) to rooms.But how to stop a robot stealing your job?“A lot of jobs considered nonautomatable in the past are now automatable，” said Carl Benedikt Frey from University of Oxford, an expert on technology and employment.But Frey says its still too early to say what effect robots will have on employment levels.In other words, even though robots may soon be checking us in, thats no excuse for us to be out.4Three hotels are mentioned in the text to show that _.Arobots are already working in hotels in realityBmany common jobs can be done by robotsCrobots can really help people check into hotelsDthere are now some restaurants run by robots5The company Travelzoo found out that _.Arobots will put hotel employees out of workBrobots still have a long way to go to replace humansCthe hotel robots are mostly wellreceivedDsome hotel jobs can be automatable6What is Richard Singers attitude towards using robots in hotels?ADoubtful.BPositive.CNegative. DCautious.7Which of the following can be the best title of the text?AJapan Opens Worlds First Robot HotelBOur Next Hotel Will Be Staffed by RobotsCHow to Compete with Robots for a JobDHow Guests React to Robot Service【答案与解析】4A写作意图题。根据第三段并结合文中介绍的三个由机器人提供服务的宾馆可以判断，文中提及这三个宾馆是为了说明在现实中，机器人已经在宾馆工作了，故A项正确。5C推理判断题。根据第七段可知，有近三分之二的客户认为由机器人照顾他们是舒适的；据此可知，Travelzoo公司的调查结果是在宾馆工作的机器人得到了大部分顾客的好评，故C项正确。6B推理判断题。根据第八段可知，Richard Singer欢迎机器人取代人的工作；据此可以判断，Richard Singer对宾馆机器人持积极的态度，故B项正确。7B标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文首段通过介绍科幻小说中提及的在宾馆服务的机器人来引出本文的话题；接着介绍在现实生活中已经有三个宾馆使用了机器人；最后介绍对宾馆机器人服务的评价及其优点；据此可以判断，B项最适合作本文标题。CA family watching a dolphin from their boat were shocked when it dropped them off a cod(鳕鱼) supper for dinner.The group were enjoying watching the mammal playing in the water when it suddenly dived down and caught the cod before placing it near to Lucy Watkins,14.The dolphin then appeared and began pulling the fish towards the stunned teenager.Lucy and her grandparents wondered whether they should pick up the fish in case the dolphin wanted it for tea.But the dolphin then appeared seconds later with his own fish，this time a seabass(石斑鱼)，and began eating.The family gratefully accepted the cod，which weighed about 101bs，before taking it home to cook for their dinner.Lucy said，“He definitely wanted me to have his fish.He first dropped it 20 feet away but then pushed it to within 5 feet of my boat.Everyone was watching on the beach and we caused quite a stir(震动) when we came back with the cod.”Grandmother Nina added，“It was as if he was saying to Lucy Dont worry，now Ive got a fish to play with and so have you.This is mine for my tea; you have that one for yours.”“He was just so playful and content to be around us.Lucy was swinging her fingers in the water and he seemed to be attracted by that.”“If I hadnt seen it myself Id never have believed it.My theory is that he was lonely and wanted human company.He was with us for about two hours.”“It seemed rude to refuse him so we took the fish and had cod and chips for supper.It was massive.Ive still got half in the freezer.”A spokesman said，“This is a very interesting account.There are many examples worldwide of dolphins interacting with humans.We would appeal to people to leave living space for them.”8Why did Lucy and her grandparents wonder whether to pick up the fish?ABecause they were afraid to accept the fish.BBecause they were not sure whether the fish was the gift to them.CBecause the fish was too big.DBecause they were very grateful.9In Paragraph 3，the underlined word “stunned”can be replaced by “_”Aastonished BupsetCdisappointed Dworried10From what can Lucy Watkins believe the fish was the gift to her?A. There are many examples worldwide of dolphins interacting with humans.BEveryone was watching on the beach.CThe dolphin first dropped but then pushed it near their boat.DThe dolphin likes to play with her.11According to the passage，we can infer that_.ALucys swinging her fingers in the water frightened the dolphin awayBGrandmother Nina had never believed thisCthe fish is not delicious so they got half in the freezerDa spokesman suggested that dolphins should have their living space【答案与解析】8B推理判断题。由第三段in case the dolphin wanted it for tea可知，他们不确定这是不是海豚专门送给他们的礼物，故选B。9A词义猜测题。由语境可知海豚把鱼推给露西，这应使她感到非常的惊讶。10C根据第五段He first dropped it 20 feet away but then pushed it可知C为正确选项。11D推理判断题。根据最后一段leave living space for them可知，人们应该让海豚有自己的生活空间。D(安徽省江淮十校2018届高三4月第三次联考)China became the first country to clone a monkey using nonreproductive cells, scientists said on Thursday.By December 2017 , the Chinese Academy of Sciences had created two clone macaques(猕猴) named“Zhong Zhong” and “Hua Hua”by nuclear transferring of body cellsany cell in the organism other than reproductive cells.This was the similar technology used to create the famous clone sheep Dolly in 1996.Telra, a monkey born in 1999, is the worlds first evercloned monkey, but it was done using a simpler method called embryo splitting(胚胎分裂)，and cannot be genetically modified to suit experimental needs, said Pu Muming, a leading researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences.“Cloning a monkey using body cells has been a worldclass challenge because it is a primate(灵长类)that shares its genetic makeup, therefore all of its complexity, with humans，” he said.“For drug and other lab tests, scientists have to purchase monkeys from all over the world, which is costly, bad for the environment and produces inaccurate results because each monkey might have different genes，” Pu said.“By cloning monkey using body cells, we can mass reproduce a large number of genetically identical monkeys in a short amount of time, and we can even change their genes to suit our needs，” he added.“This can save time, cut down experiment costs, and produce more accurate results, leading to more effective medicine.”Sun Qiang, director of the nonhuman primate research facility at the institute, said most of the drug trials are currently done on lab mice.However, drugs that work on mice might not work or even have severe side effects on humans because the two species are so different.Monkeys and humans are both primates, so they are much closely related and testing on monkeys is supposed to be as effective as testing on humans.This achievement will help China lead the world research in an international science project related to study of primate brains.12Which description of the two clone macaques is true?AThey were the first monkeys evercloned in the world.BThey were created using reproductive cells.CThey would be fed to suit experimental needs.DThe technology used to create them was similar to that of creating Dolly.13The underlined word in the fourth paragraph is closest to “_” in meaning.Asame BsimilarCrelevant Dclose14What can be learned from the passage?APu Muming and Sun Qiang were doing most work in cloning the two macaques.BGenetic research on monkeys can be seen as effective as that on humans.CMost drug trials have been done on mice because mice share the same genetic makeup and complexity with humans.DScientists can mass reproduce cloned monkeys to cut down experiment costs.15This passage above can be most probably read in _.Aa science magazine Ba guidebookCa science fiction Da brochure【答案与解析】12D细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，克隆猕猴使用的技术与著名的克隆羊多利使用的技术是相似的。故选D。13A词义猜测题。根据画线句中提到的reproduce以及下文中的we can even change their genes to suit our needs可推断，通过用身体细胞克隆猴子，我们可以在很短的时间里克隆大量基因相同的猴子，甚至改变他们的基因满足我们的要求。因此推断画线词词义与A项“same”相同。14B推理判断题。根据倒数第一段第一句可知，猴子和人都是灵长类，他们关系密切，因此对于猴子的基因研究与对人类的研究一样有效。故选B。15A推理判断题。纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述克隆技术方面的研究成果，中国成功用非生殖细胞克隆出猕猴。因此推断文章很可能在科技杂志上读到。故选A。.七选五Evaluating Sources(来源)of Health InformationMaking good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation.A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information.Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information，how to separate fact from opinion，how to recognize poor reasoning，and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources.1Go to the original source.Media reports often simplify the results of medical research.Find out for yourself what a study really reported，and determine whether it was based on good science.Think about the type of study.2Watch for misleading language.Some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome；this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result.3 Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.Use your common sense.If a report seems too good to be true，probably it is.Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements.4 Evaluate “scientific” statements carefully，and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术)5 Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration，but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about health problems will serve you well throughout your life.AMake choices that are right for you.BThe goal of an ad is to sell you something.CBe sure to work through the critical questions.DAnd examine the findings of the original research.EDistinguish between research reports and public health advice.FBe aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an authors point of view.GThe following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.【答案】15GDFBA语言知识运用组块练 .完形填空Things have been kind of tough lately for Shannon Baker and her little family.They have each others parents and their young daughter and for that they are_1_.But she and her husband are both _2_ currently.And their car is in great need of_3_.And then there is the matter of their second child，who is_4_soon.So things are a little tense for the Baker family these days.When Shannon and her daughter were walking through a store_5_lot recently，Shannon picked up an envelope from the ground that_6_$4,000 in cash.There were a_7_of different explanations that could be considered.Was this a kind of good_8_？ Could it be an attempt by the universe to balance everything? Could it be simply a gift from God? Shannon didnt know.The only thing she knew was that the cash in that envelope_9_to someone else.Oh，and one other thing she knew: Her young daughter was_10_.“My kid was standing right there_11_I found it，”Shannon told WLSTV in Chicago.“So basically I wanted to teach my daughter how to be_12_.And for me that was enough.”Never mind the bills that were_13_，or the car that needed to be fixed，or the baby that would come soon.And forget that when she_14_the money over to the police she was told that there was actually nothing illegal if she_15_it.The police were able to return the money to the person who_16_it: an old woman.And one can imagine the_17_and relief she felt when the police handed the lost envelope back to her.“She came to my house and she was almost in tears，_18_me，” Shannon said.“She gave me a hug and an envelope with a small_19_of money in it.But the amount，large or small，wasnt_20_.What was important was the opportunity to teach my daughter honesty.”1A.restricted BgratefulCsensitive Dupset2A.disappointed BappreciatedCunemployed Dremoved3A.cash BprotectionCrepair Dsale4A.sick BdueCdesperate Ddull5A.parking BgatheringCcleaning Dbegging6A.participated BcontainedCcharged Dpaid7A.number BdealChandful Dflood8A.expense BprizeChope Dluck9A.pointed BreactedCresponded Dbelonged10A.watching BurgingClaughing Daffecting11A.before BthoughCbecause Dwhen12A.honest BloyalCripe Dhumorous13A.passing by Bgiving awayCshowing off Dpiling up14A.watched BturnedCgot Dcollected15A.checked BmadeCkept Dpromoted16A.sent BdislikedClost Dgenerated17A.respect BanxietyCtension Djoy18A.comforting BcongratulatingCoffending Dthanking19A.amount BpresentCenvelope Doption20A.important BnecessaryCevident Dessential【答案与解析】1B由上文可知他们各自有自己父母和女儿，为此他们心存感激。grateful“感激的”；restricted“限制的”；sensitive“敏感的”；upset“心烦意乱的”。2C由下文知道他们需要钱，生活艰难，可知他们都失业了。unemployed“失业的”。3C由第三段or the car that needed to be fixed，可知车需要修理。4B由下文可知他们的第二个孩子就要降生。due“应到的；预期的”。5Aa store parking lot意为“一个商店的停车场”。6BShannon从地上捡到了一个装有4 000美元现金的信封。contain“包含；装有”。7A由下文different explanations可知此处用a number of表示许多。8D由上文可知，Shannon捡到了钱，所以这里指“好运气”。9Dbelong to为固定搭配，意为“属于”。10A由语境可知，她的女儿正站在这里看着。11D句意为：当我发现它时，我的孩子就站在那。when意为 “当时候”。12A由上下文可知，她想教育孩子如何做一个诚实的人。13D由前文the bills可知，此处指“不要担心债台高筑”。pile up“堆积”。14B由上下文可知，她把钱交给了警察，turn over意为“上交”。15C句意：如果她将这些钱据为己有，也不违法。keep“保留”。16C此处指“丢钱的人”。17D找到了丢失的钱，失主非常高兴。joy意为“高兴”。18D失主找到了丢失的钱，当然要感谢Shannon。19A失主拥抱了Shannon并且给了她一个信封，里面有少量的钱。a small amount of意为“少量的”。20A钱多少并不重要，重要的是对女儿的教育。.语法填空(2018银川检测)World Read Aloud Day is celebrated each year on the first Wednesday of March.It 1._ (start) by the LitW in 2010 and has now reached 65 countries.The aim is to encourage people worldwide who cannot read to enjoy the benefits of a book.Its website asks everyone 2._ (celebrate) the day by taking a book, finding an audience, and reading out aloud.It is about taking action to show the world that the right to read and write 3._(belong) to all people.The website asks 4._(visit) to join in the movement to reduce 5._number of illiterate (不识字的) people in the world.It is 6._(absolute) necessary to help those who cannot read.The website says, “Its time to start by rea