高三英语下册第13单元课件.ppt

BookOneUnit13,1.If和whether表示“是否”时的区别,1.在动词后引起宾语从句时可以互换。Pleaseseeifthechildrenaredressedforschool.,2.If不和ornot直接连用，而whether可以。Hedidntsayifhewouldbestayinghereornot.Pleasetellmewhetherornotyouagree.,3.与不定式连用只能用whetherIdontknowwhethertoanswerit(ornot).,4.引起同位语从句时，只能用whetherYouhaveyettoanswermyquestionwhetherIcancountonyourvote.,5.引起表语从句时只能用whetherWhatwewanttoknowiswhetherhewillcomeontime.,6.引起主语从句时，if从句不能位于句首，而whether可以Itisnotcleartomeif/whethershelikesthepresent.Whethershelikesthepresentisnotcleartome.,7.介词后一般用whether引起宾语从句IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings.Thisdependsuponwhetherheisinterestedindoingthiskindofwork.,8.DinnerwasalmostoverwhenDanstilllookinghungry,grinned,andaskedDaveifhewasntgoingtohavesomebread.,2.Pain的用法,表示身体某部位的疼时，可数Shehasapaininherback/leg/head.,2.表示由损伤或疾病引起的痛苦疼痛时，不可数Herbackcausesheralotofpain.,3.表示精神上的痛苦，不可数Hisharshwordscausedhermuchpain.,4.表示努力，辛苦，操心时只用复数形式Nopains,nogains.Shetakesgreatpainswithherwork.,3.Oureatinghabitshavechanged,ashasourwayoflife,andthefuelweneedforourbodiesisalsodifferent.象我们的生活方式一样，我们的饮食习惯已发生了变化，我们身体所需要的养料也不同了。As在句中引起方式状语从句，此处采用了省略形式并是倒装结构，正常语序为asourwayoflifehaschanged.Shelooksforward,asdoeshersecretary,tothecompletionofthebuilding.Hebelieved,asdidhisfamily,thatthekingwastheirsupremelord.Theyhaveallfinishedtheirwork,ashasshe.,4.Thesamegoesfor“crashdiets”thatsomecompaniessaywillmakeusloseweightfast.go在本句中意为行的通，起作用。Thistruthgoeseverywhere.Whateverhesaysgoes.Anyothernightgoes,butnotthisnight.go也可意为流传，表达Asthesayinggoes,abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush.Thestorygoesthathewasmurdered.gofor此处意为适用于，应用于Yourbrotherisverysmart.Andthesamegoesforyou.,5.tellsb.sth.和tellsb.aboutsth.前者意为告诉某人某事，指把某事直接告诉某人；后者意为告诉某人有关某事的情况。MarytoldonlyJohnthesecret.First,Idliketotellyouafewthingsaboutthisfactory.HetoldmenothingaboutwhatIshoulddo.,玛丽只把秘密告诉了约翰。首先，我想告诉你们有关这家工厂的一些情况。对于我该干什么，他什么也没告诉我。,6.Brain表示大脑时UorCHesnice,buthasntgotmuchbrain.Themanhasafinebrain.Brain表示头脑智慧时常用brains,UBrainsismorethanjusteducation.Hehasmuchbrains.,8.probably/possiblyProbably:可能性较大，推理成分更重，表说话者相当有把握。Possibly:只是理论上的可能性，实际发生的可能性很小，表说话者的一种推测。1)Inall,thereareprobablynomorethanatotalof400tigersleftinChina.2)Possiblythispersondiedwithoutanyoneknowingwherethecoinswerehidden.,9.Traditionaldietsoftenhavetoomuchfatandtoomanycaloriesforthe21stcenturyperson.,对21世纪的人来说，传统的饮食往往含有太多的脂肪和卡路里。,diet与food的区别：diet和food都可作“食物”解。但diet指的是习惯的食物或规定的食物，特指维持健康的定量或定质的食物，如病人的疗养饮食。food是一般的词语，凡能吃喝的东西都可称为food。如：a.Thedoctorhasorderedmeaspecialdiet.b.Properdietandexercisearebothimportantforhealth.c.Milkisthenaturalfoodforyoungbabies.d.Theygaveusplentyoffoodanddrink.,10.Disease的常见搭配,1）形容词diseaseacommon/rare/dangerous/serious/deadly/incurabledisease普遍、罕见、危险、严重致命、不能治愈的疾病2）动词diseasecatch/sufferfrom/carry/passon/cause/diefrom(of)/treat/control/prevent/wipeoutadisease得、受折磨、携带、传染、引起、死于、控制、预防、消灭、一种疾病3）disease+动词adiseasespread疾病传播adiseasestrikesb./killsb.疾病缠身、导致某人身亡,Forexample:Manydiseaseare/Somediseaseiscausedbybacteria.许多病（有些病）是由细菌引导的。请比较：disease与illness1)虽然illness和disease用法相同，但在口语中都很常用。但前者通常指身体不适的一种状态或一段时间（通常是由于disease所引起的。2）只有disease有医学名称，并且与身体各部位相关。例如：akidneydisease肾病3如果要说精神病或不治之症，应该用mentalillness/terminalillness,11.Chosecho.sen,choos.ing，choos.esv.tr.（及物动词）1)Toselectfromanumberofpossiblealternatives;decideonandpickout.挑选：从一些可供选择的东西中挑选、选定并挑出2)Topreferaboveothers:认为比其它更可取：choosesthesupermarketovertheneighborhoodgrocerystore.宁愿去超级市场而不去附近的杂货店3)Todetermineordecide:决定或选定：chosetoflyratherthandrive.决定乘飞机去而不是开车去r.（不及物动词）Tomakeachoice;makeaselection:选择；进行挑选：wasusedtodoingasshechose.习惯做自己选择的事表示一句多译的用法：例如：我们选举他当我们的领导。,Wechosehimasourleader.,Weshosehimtobeourleader.,Wechosehimourleader.,注意以下句型：1）choosetodo表示“决意做某事”。Hehaschosentodothisworkbyhimself.2.cantchoosebutdosth.表示“不得不，只有”。Icaughtabadcoldyesterday.SoIcouldntchoosebutstayathome.3.havenochoicebuttodo表示“不得不，除.之外，别无选择”Hehadnochoicebuttoturntoothersforhelp.,12.Advise与advice的比较,1.Advise是个及物动词，表示“建议”sth.sb.(not)todosth.劝告某人做（或不做）某事Advisedoingsth.sb.+疑问词不定式（建议某人做某事）(sb.)that+主语（should)dosth.建议某人应该做某事apieceofadvicegiveadvicetosb.Adviceasksb.Foradvicegivesomeadviceonfollowonesadive=takeonesadvice,askadviceof向征求意见,请教bysbsadvice依某人劝告onsbsadvice依某人劝告followsbsadvice接受某人意见giveadvice劝告,忠告takeadvice征求意见,请教takemedicaladvice请医生诊视,14.Oureatinghabitshavechanged,ashasourwayoflife,andthefuelweneedforourbodyisalsodifferent.因为我们的饮食习惯变了,生活方式变了,我们身体所需的养分也(与以往)不同了。ashasourwayoflife是一个倒装结构,意为:andourwayoflifehaschangedtoo.,15.gain(lose)weight增加(减少)体重,吃胖(消瘦)Hegainedweightafterhisillness.病后他的体重增加了。putonweight体重增加,发胖,16.goonadiet节食;吃限定食物e.g.Peoplewhogoonadietmustnthavechocolate.正在节食的人不能吃巧克力。Eatinghabitsbecomepartofwhoweare.,17.keepfit保持健康Herunstokeepfit.他跑步为了保持健康。18.Onlyinthatwaywillwebereadyforthechallengesandopportunitiesinlife.只有这样我们才能对人生可能遇到的各种各样的挑战和机遇有充,19.Allwehavetodoiscleanandpeelthem.我们所需要做的只是对他们进行清洗或削皮。此句话中作表语的是(to)cleanandpeelthem,不定式省略了不定式符号to,这是由于主句中有实意动词do。,20.chop:如：choponions剁洋葱chopupmeat把肉剁碎cut：如：cutacake切蛋糕,peel:如:Pleasepeelthisbanana.请剥开这只香蕉的皮。Thesepotatoesdontpeeleasily.这些土豆的皮很难剥。slice:如:slicealoafofbread.把一条面包切成薄片。,剥的皮；削的皮,切成薄片;切或分成薄片,dice:如:dicecarrots把胡萝卜切成方块stir:如:stirredupsomepopoverbatter搅拌做酥料饼的材料。,把食物切成方块；切成丁,拌入；在烹饪或使用以前将配料混合起来,mix:如:Youmixflour,yeastandwatertomakebread.你把面粉、发酵粉和水和在一起就能做面包。add:如:addsomewater加些水,混合；搀和,加,boil:如:Boilthepotatoesfor20minutes.把土豆煮20分钟。steam:如:steamedbread馒头fry:如:Shefriedtheeggsinafrying-pan.她在平底锅里煎鸡蛋。,煮,蒸,油煎，油炸,_wewillgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where2.-Mum,IthinkIm_togetbacktoschool.-Notreally,mydear.Youdbetterstayathomeforanotherdayortwo.sowellB.sogoodC.wellenoughD.goodenough3.Iveworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat_inmynewjob.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects,B,C,B,4.Allenhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas_tocarryallthewayhome.A.muchtooheavyB.toomuchheavyC.heavytoomuchD.tooheavymuch5.Thereare5pairs_,butImatalosswhichtobuy.A.tobechosenB.tochoosefromC.tochooseD.forchoosing6.Tomsmotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder,but_didnthelp.A.heB.whichC.sheD.it,A,B,D,7.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,_ofgreatimportancetoscience.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitisC.whichIthinkitD.Ithinkwhichis8.Idontlike_youspeaktoher.A.thewayB.thewayinthatC.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich9.Somepassengerscomplainthatitusually_solongtofillintravelinsurancedocuments.A.costsB.takesC.spendsD.spares,A,A,B,ConsolidationMysisteradvisedmethatI_accepttheinvitation.A.couldB.mustC.shouldD.mightI_theboytosavemoney,buthewouldnotlistentome.A.hopedB.suggestedC.madeD.advised2.Youhavetotakegreat_toimproveyourwrittenEnglish.A.painsB.painC.apainD.aches3.Thereisntanydifferencebetweenthetwo;Ireallydontknow_.A.wheretochooseB.whichtochooseC.tochoosewhatD.tochoosewhich,C,D,A,B,4.Everyonehadanapplicationforminhishand,butnooneknewwhichofficeroom_.tosendittoB.tosendittobesenttoD.tohaveitsent5.HetriedtolearnEnglishwell,_didhisclassmates.asB.whichC.thatD.and6.He_toleadusoutoftheforestbutwerefusedhim.offeredB.consideredC.enjoyedD.advised7.Becauseofhisstomachache,wewerekept_fortwohours.A.waitingB.towaitC.waitD.fromwaiting,A,A,A,A,8.-D