数控立式车削中心数控化改造外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译

毕业设计（论文） 外文翻译   题目       数控立式车削中心数控化改造   专  业  名  称         班  级  学  号         学  生  姓  名             指  导  教  师                  日  期     20*   年   3  月   10  日  外文原文：  Vertical Turning Center of NC New SINUMERIK 802D CNC system on the use of more than 10 years of SKIQ16 CNC B Vertical Turning Center of NC, NC Machine Tool powerful features greatly broadened the scope of machining parts, and better ensuring the processing of parts the consistency and quality of products. This article was the second SINUMERIK NC application essay activities and the transformation of a prize-second prize.  KIQ16 CNC B Vertical Turning Center in the Czech HULIN companies in the 1990s manufacture, use FANUC-BASK 6T CNC system. Since the machine had been in use for more than 10 years, and the NC system upgrading, BASK 6T-FANUC CNC system has been shutdown, system board of aging, expensive spare parts. A new CNC machine tools to transform the system is imperative so that the machine can restore vitality, and give better play to the potential of machine tools.  Transformation programme development  The original full-featured machine, including spindle (table) and the rotation axis milling campaign, X, Z-axis coordinates of movement, 15 knives in a knife library systems, and such as the cooling system, hydraulic system, lubrication system , Paixie system functional machine. Spindle axis and milling by DC and DC motor speed regulator. X and Z-axis also coordinates by DC servo motor and DC servo governor. The knife used ordinary three-phase asynchronous AC motor from the five binary cam positioning. The mechanical part of the machine all good mechanical properties of stability, accuracy fair and normal hydraulic system, the part of the capital remain unchanged.  NC system and the replacement of electrical control part, by SIEMENS SINUMERIK 802D CNC system. X and Z axes and knives coordinates the servo drive system uses SIIMODRIVE 611UE variable frequency drive system and a FK7 servo motor, encoder pulse chosen as a location detection devices, digital servo drive system to achieve closed-loop control. And milling spindle axis drive system by the British company's 590 + Eurotherm Series DC motor speed control device. Machine control of other electrical lines, the replacement of electrical control devices to ensure that all kinds of machine control function and operation of the realization of the electrical control machine tools guarantee a long-term reliable work.  Apart from increasing MCP machine control panel, we must also re-designed machine operator panel with all types of machine function buttons and lights.  NC system and the servo drive system coordinates  SIEMENS SINUMERIK 802D CNC system is all CNC, PLC, HMI and communications tasks integration, is based on the NC system of PROFIBUS. Maintenance-free hardware integration PROFIBUS interface used to drive and I / O module and installed a speed of the operation panel. SINUMERIK 802D CNC control system X, Z axes and knives to the three figures into a spindle axis and. The machine used two I / O modules and machine operator panel PP72/48 MCP. TOOLBOX 802D use in PROGRAMMING TOOL PLC 802 software development PLC control procedures, call the subroutine library PLC SBR32 PLC-INI PLC initialization, SBR33 EMG-STOP exigency stop processing, transmission SBR34 MCP-802D machine control panel corresponding I / O status, NCK-SBR38 MCP MCP machine control panel signal, signal sent to the operation panel HMI NCK interface, SBR39 HANDWHL from the operation panel HMI in the machine coordinates or workpiece coordinate system selection hand wheel, SBR40 AXIS-CTL Feed spindle axis and enable control. The subroutine is the standard lathe control procedures, and so different from the actual situation of the machine, the digital knife-axis, an increase of the number of digital axis. In the machine control panel and feed axis and the spindle can control subroutine will be done in certain modifications. Vertical Turning Center unlike ordinary horizontal lathe, coordinates a different direction, it is also necessary to do subroutine amended accordingly.  SIIMODRIVE 611UE variable frequency drive system is a function of the drive system can be configured with SINUMERIK 802D CNC system constitutes an ideal combination. SIIMODRIVE 611UE variable frequency drive system in the machine to meet the dynamic response and speed adjustment range and rotation accuracy characteristics of the requirement to use modular design can be optimized to best independent state. Debugging can drive on a PC using SimoCom U or use of the front of the driver modules for display and keyboard. SimoCom U can be set using drives and motors and power modules matching the basic parameters of actual under servo motor drive mechanical parts, the SIIMODRIVE 611UE speed controller for automatic optimization of the parameters； can monitor the operational status of drivers, including actual motor current and the actual torque.  axis milling spindle and drive system  And milling spindle axis drive system using the British company's 590 + Eurotherm Series DC motor speed control device. 590 + series of DC motor speed control device as supporting and control equipment installed in the standard box components and design. AC 380V control devices using the standard three-phase voltage, providing DC output voltage and current for the armature and exciting, applicable to DC Motor control and permanent magnet motor.  590 + series of DC motor speed device is used to achieve 32-bit microprocessor, has many advanced features: complex control algorithms； standard software modules and software configuration can control circuit integration of the serial link, and NC transmission devices or other communications systems, advanced to a process system.  Axis milling spindle motor and not replaced, the original analog volume control. The spindle motor and non-spindle between 1:1 Direct Connect, spindle SIEMENS installed on the 5000 line TTL pulse incremental encoder. SIIMODRIVE 611UE bus will address the biaxial 12 A feed channel module with the spindle, set a stack axis. Through the SINUMERIK 802D CNC system parameter settings, the use of SimoCom U driver debugging tools adjustment SIIMODRIVE 611UE bus configuration parameters and analog output, analog output interface for a given output spindle speed ( 10V), digital Output can be used to simulate the spindle control, WSG interface used to connect a spindle speed encoder feedback, and complete control of spindle configuration.  knife Library System  knife because the original system used for general motors, mechanical transmission ratio 1:360. The mechanical structure of special knives, knife disc in the vertical Z-axis ram, its direction and the B-axis rotation direction of the same. After transformation, using SIIMODRIVE 611UE and a variable frequency drive system FK7 servo motor, a knife to the NC coordinate axis, as increased pulse encoder position detection devices, digital servo drive system to achieve closed-loop control. The removal of the original five binary cam positioning mechanism. As the knife after the full gravity knives, knife the disk can not achieve balance gravity. Although the movement can knife precise positioning, but the reasons for the deviation of the actual location, location is still used after positioning coordinates movement pin inserted accurate positioning methods.  The special machine tool change process, with different vertical lathe general. PLC control ATC procedures are completed the following process: when the knife with X and Z-axis movement a safe place, Z axis, no knife, a machine tool relaxed state. PLC control manipulator out to promote vertical lathe tool to Z axis machine tool after the completion of that process finished with knives. Shirking knife, X and Z-axis movement a safe place, Z axis, a knife, a machine tool clamping state. PLC control mechanical hand outstretched, this tool to relax, manipulator driven vertical lathe tool retractable knife was back on, machine tool, knife disposal process is complete.  SINUMERIK 802D CNC system support for the use of M code or user calls T code cycle can be used for machine tool exchange. By setting parameters M activation code, the use of the procedure called M06 fixed exchange cycle enforcement tool. Procedures for the preparation of users cycle through each algorithm to determine the knife knife-axis (B-axis) rotation angle, use of the definition of M ATC activation PLC logic. PLC NC system will be "read to prohibit" buy-signal so that the cycle of a fixed stop. ATC will be mechanical movements M code with a custom implementation of decomposition, such as: M12 dumping knives, M13 with knives. ATC completed, the PLC will be "read prohibits" reset signal so that the fixed cycle continue. In the fixed cycle shown in the preparation of CNC system prompts on the screen to ATC by step.  Machine debugging  NC system connecting the various components after the completion of the installation, commissioning start PLC control procedures. Since the equipment is vertical lathe, unlike PLC subroutine library in the lathe applications, it must address the specific conditions of the machine to amend PLC subroutine.  Set the knife for B-axis, and the standard procedures only X and Z axis, and the need to increase the B-axis in the MCP plus or minus adding B-axis direction to move the button, the need for SBR34, SBR38, SBR40 such as subroutine. Because it is vertical lathe, X, Z-axis direction to move the plus or minus key MCP and set different standards also needs to be revised. According to MCP on the machine need to design user-defined keys, such as hydraulic launch, hydraulic stop, relax beams, and light beams locking design MCP and machine operator panels PLC control procedures and debugging features to achieve. Fully tested by the use of the subroutine library of subroutines to ensure that the subroutine with the functions of PLC control procedures linked, are correct. Alarm users edit PLC design, machine parameters provided by setting the properties of each alarm. Machine set basic parameters include: PROFIBUS bus configuration, positioning servo drive module, the spindle axis position control and coordinate enable ratio and transmission parameters.  In the machine undergone a series of adjustments, NC Machine Tools has basically can be in normal operation. But to make the whole system into the best running state, but also a system parameter optimization work.  When the normal operation of the system as a whole, should also coordinate axis corresponding parameters such as optimal adjustment, such as: speed, gain, and the acceleration of the control parameters, in order to enable access to the best system of the state. In the normal operation of machine tools, machine tools should also mechanical parts, such as the vertical axis, the reverse gap, transmission precision measurement adjustments, the mechanical system to the best. Of course, the mechanical adjustments, should also fine-tune system parameters to enable the machine running in the best condition. When the part of the adjustment after the end of the machine through mechanical precision measurement, CNC machine tools needed for the position control system for precision compensation. Reverse clearance compensation for position feedback encoder mounted on the lead screw drive-head, although the slowdown in bins eliminate mechanical part of the reverse gap, but the reverse itself leadscrew gap still exists, the value of the corresponding input system parameters, each reverse operation, the system of compensation. Because long-term use of the leadscrew wear, the location of the leadscrew pitch and will have a nominal value error, to improve positioning accuracy, the system parameters compensation.  According to the production needs of users with the process of transforming machine tools, from SINUMERIK 802D CNC system for the analysis, design and implementation. At present, against the machine mechanical, electrical, various aspects of the system transformation, installation, commissioning work has been completed, samples were processed fully achieve the desired results. Machine Tool has been transformed into normal use, the progressive completion of a number of machining tasks. From the use of the machine running the state, the modified machine compared with the original machine, greatly enhancing the functionality, a high degree of automation. NC powerful features greatly broadened the scope of machining parts. Better guarantee the consistency of the parts processing, and product quality. At the same time a high degree of automation has greatly reduced the labor intensity operations workers, but in the operation of the overall quality of workers has also put forward higher requirements.  From the machine operable, compact structure reasonable, displays, switches and indicator of the layout more suitable for the use of operators. At the same time increased by a small handheld unit operations, in order to operate in different state of the operation of a more appropriate choice of location. The hoisting of the entire operating system using TFT LCD, the window menu-operation, not only to reduce the operation buttons, but more simple and easy operation.  After transformation, the machine can be maintained and enhanced. NC system for monitoring the work of the state control components and fault and displayed on the monitor in a timely manner, while PLC control applications, so that the whole machine tool control systems greatly simplify the circuit. All this makes machine fault detection and maintenance more convenient and rapid. Secondly, the need to be tested, liquid injection, fuel components are arranged in operation or maintenance staff accessible areas, which will help the day-to-day maintenance.  After transformation, the machine reliability greatly improved. NC system, servo control systems, such as the various components of the system are highly integrated computer control system, which makes the whole machine tool control system itself has a high reliability. Design and Application of PLC, succeeded in bringing all of the control to the harmonization greatly simplifies the machine control circuit and the necessary components, and more conducive to improving the reliability of the whole system. The completion of the machine tool, not only for users to expand the scope of the processing machine, but also save a lot of money. The success of this transformation for the future transformation of the machine has accumulated a wealth of experience. 译文：  数控立式车削中心数控化改造  用新型 SINUMERIK 802D 数控系统对使用 10 多年的 SKIQ16 CNC B 数控立式车削中心进行数控化改造，机床强大的数控功能极大地拓宽了机床加工零件的范围，更好地保证了零件加工的一致性和产品质量。本文获第二届 SINUMERIK 数控应用与改造有奖征文活动二等奖。   KIQ16 CNC B 数控立式车削中心是捷克 HULIN 公司于上世纪 90 年代制造，采用 FANUC-BASK 6T 数控系统。由于该机床已经使用 10余年，加之数控系统更新换代， FANUC-BASK 6T 数控系统早已停产，系统板件老化，备件昂贵。采用新型数控系统对该机床进行改造势在必行，这样可使该机床重新焕发活力，更好地发挥机床的潜力。   改造方案的制定   该机床原有功能齐全，包括主轴 (工作台 )和铣磨轴的旋转运动、 X、 Z 轴坐标运动、 15 个刀位的刀库系统，还有诸如冷却系统、液压系统、润滑系统、排屑系统等机床功能。主轴和铣磨轴采用直流电动机及直流调速器。 X、 Z 轴坐标也采用直流伺服电机及 直流伺服调速器。刀库采用普通三相异步交流电动机，由5 位二进制凸轮定位。该机床的机械部分各方面机械性能良好稳定、精度尚可、液压系统工作正常，因此上述部分基本保持不变。   数控改造更换数控系统和电气控制部分，采用 SIEMENS SINUMERIK 802D 数控系统。 X、 Z 轴和刀库坐标伺服驱动系统采用 SIIMODRIVE 611UE 变频驱动系统和 1FK7 伺服电机，选用脉冲编码器作为位置检测元件，达到数字伺服驱动系统闭环控制。主轴和铣磨轴驱动系统采用英国 Eurotherm 公司的 590+系列直流电动机调速装置。改造机 床其他电气控制线路，更换电气控制元件，保证机床各种控制功能和操作的实现，保证机床电气控制部分长期可靠工作。   除增加 MCP 机床控制面板外，还要重新设计机床操作面板，具有各种机床功能按钮和指示灯。   数控系统和坐标伺服驱动系统  SIEMENS SINUMERIK 802D 数控系统是将所有 CNC、 PLC、 HMI 和通讯任务集成，是基于 PROFIBUS 总线的数控系统。免维护硬件集成 PROFIBUS 接口用于驱动和 I/O 模块并具有速装结构的操作面板。 SINUMERIK 802D 数控系统控制 X、 Z 轴和刀库三个数字进给轴和 一个主轴。该机床采用二块 I/O 模块 PP72/48 和机床操作面板 MCP。利用 TOOLBOX 802D 中 PROGRAMMING TOOL PLC 802 软件编写 PLC 控制程序，调用 PLC 子程序库中的 SBR32 PLC-INI PLC 初始化、 SBR33 EMG-STOP 急停处理、 SBR34 MCP-802D 传送机床控制面板对应 I/O 状态、 SBR38 MCP-NCK 机床控制面板 MCP 信号、操作面板 HMI 信号送至 NCK 接口、 SBR39 HANDWHL 由操作面板 HMI 在机床坐标系或工件坐标系选择手轮、 SBR40 AXIS-CTL 进给轴和主轴使能控制。由于子程序是标准的车床控制程序，这样与该机床实际情况不同，刀库采用数字轴控制，增加了数字轴的数量。在机床控制面板和进给轴和主轴使能控制等子程序中都要做一定的修改。立式车削中心有别于一般的卧式车床，所以坐标方向也有所不同，还需要子程序做相应的修改。   SIIMODRIVE 611UE 变频驱动系统是一种功能可配置的驱动系统，与SINUMERIK 802D 数控系统构成理想的组合。 SIIMODRIVE 611UE 变频驱动系统满足机床在动态响应、速度调整范围和旋转精度特征等方 面的要求，采用模块化设计可独立优化至最佳状态。驱动调试可在 PC 机上利用 SimoCom U 进行或利用驱动模块前端的显示器和键盘进行。利用 SimoCom U 可设定驱动器与电动机和功率模块匹配的基本参数；可根据伺服电机实际拖动的机械部件，对 SIIMODRIVE 611UE 速度控制器的参数进行自动优化；可监控驱动器的运行状态包括电动机实际电流和实际扭矩。  主轴和铣磨轴驱动系统   主轴和铣磨轴驱动系统采用英国 Eurotherm 公司的 590+系列直流电动机调速装置。 590+系列直流电动机调速装置是作为与配套控制设备安装 在标准箱内的部件而设计的。控制装置使用 AC 380V 的三相标准电压，提供直流输出电压和电流，用于电枢和励磁，适用于直流他激电动机和永磁电动机控制。   590+系列直流电动机调速装置是采用 32 位微处理器实现，具有许多先进的性能：复杂的控制算法；标准软件模块与可组态的软件控制电路相结合；通过串行线路，可与其他传动装置或数控系统通讯，能构成先进的过程系统。  主轴和铣磨轴电动机没有更换，采用原来的模拟量控制。主轴电动机与主轴之间非 1： 1 直连，主轴上安装 SIEMENS 5000 线的 TTL 脉冲增量编码器。将SIIMODRIVE 611UE 的总线地址为 12 的双轴模块 A 进给通道携带主轴，设定一个叠加轴。通过对 SINUMERIK 802D 数控系统参数设定，使用 SimoCom U 驱动调试工具软件调整 SIIMODRIVE 611UE 参数并配置总线模拟量输出，模拟量输出接口用于输出主轴速度给定（ 10V ），数字量输出用于模拟主轴使能控制， WSG 接口用于连接主轴编码器作为速度反馈，完成主轴控制配置。   刀库系统   由于刀库系统原来采用普通电动机，机械传动比 1： 360。刀库机械结构特殊，圆盘刀库竖直位于 Z 轴滑枕后，其旋转方向与 B 轴方向相 同。改造后采用SIIMODRIVE 611UE 变频驱动系统和 1FK7 伺服电动机，将刀库改为数控坐标轴，增加脉冲编码器作为位置检测元件，达到数字伺服驱动系统闭环控制。拆除原有的 5 位二进制凸轮定位机构。由于刀库装满刀具后的重力作用，刀库圆盘无法达到重力平衡。虽然刀库运动可以精确定位，但是上述原因导致其实际定位出现偏差，所以仍然采用坐标运动定位后定位销插入的准确定位方法。   该机床换刀过程特殊，不同与一般的立式车床。 PLC 控制程序完成以下换刀过程：装刀时 X、 Z 轴运动安全位置， Z 轴上无刀，机床处于刀具放松状态。 PLC控制机械手伸出，推动立车刀架到 Z 轴上完成后刀具夹紧，即装刀过程完毕。卸刀时 X、 Z 轴运动安全位置， Z 轴上有刀，机床处于刀具夹紧状态。 PLC 控制机械手伸出，此时刀具放松，机械手缩回带动