一般过去时、过去进行时时态.doc

一般过去时 1、 概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；二、时间状语：ago（two hours ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week,nlast(year, night, month), 具体时间, just now, at the age of , one day, long ago, once upon a time(很久以前), etc.三、动词过去式规则变化：不规则变化：have/has - had,eat-ate ,see-saw四、一般过去式的构成形式：肯定式疑问式否定式疑问否定式I workedDid I work?I did not workDid I not work?He(she, it) workedDid he (she, it) work?He (she, it)did not workDid he (she, it)not work?We workedDid we work?We did not workDid we not work?You workedDid you work?You did not workDid you not work?They workedDid they work?They did not workDid they not work?五、一般过去时的基本用法（1）一般过去时表示过去的时间发生的动作或行为ItalkedwithJuliathismorning.今天早晨，我跟朱丽亚谈话了。（2）表示过去经常，反复发生的动作，常与always，usually，sometimes，never,often等连用Healwayssmokedmanycigarettesadayuntilhegaveup.他没有戒烟的那阵子，总是抽烟。（3）表示过去连续发生的动作时，要用过去时。这种情况下，往往没有表示过去的时间，而通过上下文来表示。Theboyopenedhiseyesforamoment，lookedatthecaptain，andthendied.那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿，看看船长，然后就去世了。（4）在谈到已死去的人的情况时，多用过去时。LeiFengwasagoodsoldier.雷锋是个好战士。（5）有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话，也要用过去时，这一点，我们中国学生往往出错，要特别注意！IdidntknowyouwereinParis.我不知道你在巴黎。（因为在说话时，我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前，所以只能用过去时表示。实际上，这句话暗指：ButnowIknowyouarehere.）（6）如果强调已经终止的习惯时要用usedtodo（过去常常做，而现在不那样做了）Heusedtodrinkalcohol.他过去喝酒。（意味着他现在不喝酒了。喝酒这个动作终止了）Iusedtotakeawalkinthemorning.我过去是在早晨散步。（意味着现在不在早晨散步了）一般过去时口诀：一般过去时并不难，表示过去动作、状态记心间。动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。否定句很简单，didnt 站在动词原形前，其它部分不要变。一般疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，主语、动词原形、其它部分依次站。特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。最后一条请注意，动词过去式要牢记。典型例题解析：1. 一Guess what! I saw Sally in London 一Really? I _ she was in New York Athink Bwas thinking Cthought Dam thinking【解析】C。考查动词时态。通过宾语从句中的过去时态和上下句表达的意义可知用I thought，think 的过去式though表示“原以为”。【2010辽宁沈阳】2. Where _ you _ lunch? At homeThere was no school lunch Adid；have Bare；having Cwill；have Ddo；have答案：A【解析】根据答语，此句应该用一般过去时，故答案选A。【2010河北省卷】3. I _ a mistake. Please dont be angry with me.A. make B. made C. will make D. had made答案：B【解析】考查一般过去式的用法。句义为“我犯了一个错误，请不要和我生气”。答案D为过去完成时态，故选择：B。【2010湖北武汉】4. -When _ you _ to learn to skate? -Five years ago.A. do; start B. will; start C. had; started D. did; start答案：D【解析】动词时态。句意：你什么时候开始学溜冰的？五年前。从答语中可知谈论的是过去时态，所以本题应当用一般过去时，故答案为D。【2010宁夏】5. -Have you read this book?-Yes. I _ it two weeks ago.A. am reading B. have read C. will read D. read答案：D【解析】根据时间状语ago 可以判断应用过去式，故答案应用D。【2010重庆】6. Last Sunday my aunt _ at home with me. We were watching TV all day.A. was B. were C. is D. are答案【解析】last Sunday一般过去时态标志，又因my aunt是单数，故答案选A。过去进行时 1. 过去进行时的定义过去进行时主要表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，或表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作。如：I was having a talk with Li Hua at that time. 那时，我正在跟李华谈话。I was watching TV at home last night. 昨晚我一直在看电视。2. 过去进行时的结构及句型变化过去进行时由“was / were + 现在分词”构成。如：I was doing my lessons then. 那时，我在做功课。 We were cleaning the house. 我们在打扫房子。过去将来时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式：肯定句例句：I was walking down the street when a UFO landed.否定句例句：I wasnt walking down the street when a UFO landed.一般疑问句例句：Were you walking down the street when a UFO landed?特殊疑问句例句：What were you doing when a UFO landed?3过去进行时的用法详解(1) 表示在过去某一时间正在进行的动作，此时句中往往有表示过去的时间状语then, at that time, this time, yesterday等。I was doing my homework when my mother came to home.(2)叙述在过去的同一时间都在进行的几个动作，通常用WhileI was studying at college while my brother was teaching at university.(3)表示在过去某一段时间内一直持续进行的动作 They were expecting you yesterday, but you didnt turn up.4. 使用过去进行时应注意的几点(1) 过去进行时可表示按计划、安排过去某时刻将要发生的动作。如：He said they were leaving for Beijing this afternoon. 他说他今天下午要去北京。(2) 动词hope, wonder等的过去进行时常用来表示提出要求，虽然表示现在的内容，但语气比一般现在时或一般过去时要委婉。如：I was wondering whether you could come to join us. 我想你能否过来跟我们一起活动?(3) 过去进行时中有always, forever, continually, constantly修饰时，表示说话人的赞赏或厌烦的感情。如：He was always thinking of others. 他总是想到人家。5. 过去进行时与一般过去时的区别(1) 过去进行时强调动作在过去某时刻正在进行或持续，而一般过去时表示动作的完成。如：He was writing his composition last night. 他昨晚在写作文。(不一定写完) He wrote his composition last night. 他昨晚写了一篇作文。(已经写完)(2) 表示过去的状态、感觉及心理活动的静态动词(如be, like, love, hate, fear, own, hear, see, know, want, notice)可用于一般过去时，但通常不用于进行时。如：I hated it when a man spoke with his mouth full of food. 我讨厌人们说话时口里含着食物。(3) 一般过去时与always, constantly, forever, continually等连用，表示“过去经常性、习惯性的动作”;而过去进行时与always, constantly, forever, continually等连用，表示动作的重复，常带有感*彩。如：He always got up at six. 他过去总是六点起床。He was always thinking of his work. 他总是一心想到工作。(4) 有时过去进行时可以用来替换一般过去时，但一般过去时表示主语的行为是经过认真考虑的;而过去进行时表示一种较随便或没有进行仔细考虑的行为。如：I thought that he would agree with us. 我原以为它会同意我们的。I was thinking of persuading him to follow my advice. 我想到了要说服他接受我们的建议。 6.英语中有四类动词一般不用进行时（不用现在进行时和过去进行时） 1)表心理状态、情感的动词，如love ,hate ,like ,care ,respect ,please ,prefer ,know 等，若用进行时则词意改变。 2)表存在、状态的动词，如appear ,exist ,lie ,remain ,stand ,seem等3)表感觉的动词，如see ,hear ,feel ,smell ,sound ,taste等. 4)表一时性的动词，如accept ,allow ,admit ,decide ,end ,refuse ,permit ,promise等。 典型例题解析：【2012贵州毕节】1. Were you at home at 9:00 last night? I called you but nobody answered. Sorry，I _ at that time.A. take a shower B. took a showerC. was taking a showerD. am taking a showerwww.%z&zst*e#【答案】C 考查动词时态的用法。根据交际情景此处表示“那个时候我正在洗澡”，使用过去进行时态，故选C。www.z&zstep%.#com【2012贵州铜仁】2. I was at the cinema at nine oclock yesterday evening. What about you?来源:#*I _ TV at home.A. am watching B. was watching C. will watch D. watched【答案】B【解析】本题考查动词时态。根据前一句可知讲述的是昨天晚上九点正在做的事情，询问对方的“你呢？”也应该是指昨天的九点正在做什么。故此处需要过去进行时态。故选B。 【2012黔西南】3. Judy with her brother _ computer games when her mother came back.A. were playing B. are playing C. was playing D. is playing【解析】C. 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。表示过去的某个时间段或时间点正在发生动作，用过去进行时，只能选A或C；谓语动词要与介词with前的主语保持一致，故选C答案。【2010湖北襄樊】4. -I went to see you yesterday evening But you werent in Where were you then？ -I _ _ a walk by the lake with my husband A was having B am having C have had D have答案【解析】当两个一长一短的动作，在过去某时某地同时发生时，用过去进行时表示较长的动作，根据句意，故答案应选【2010河北省卷】5. I _ my clothes, and the phone rang.A. wash B. washed C. am washing D. was