江苏省高淳县高考英语一轮优化精品训练（2）(1).doc

江苏省高淳县2015高考英语一轮优化精品训练（2）阅读理解-athere were smiling children all the way. charily they knew at what time the train passed their homes and they made it their business to stand along the railway, wave to complete strangers and cheer them up as they rushed towards penang. often whole families stood outside their homes and waved and smiled as if those on the trains were their favorite relatives. this is the simple village people of malaysia. i was moved. i had always traveled to malaysia by plane or car, so this was the first time i was on a train. i did not particularly relish the long train journey and had brought along a dozen magazines to read and reread. i looked about the train. there was not one familiar face. i sighed and sat down to read my economics. it was not long before the train was across the causeway and in malaysia. johor bauru was just another city like singapore, so i was tired of looking at the crowds of people as they hurried past. as we went beyond the city, i watched the straight rows of rubber trees and miles and miles of green. then the first village came into sight, immediately i came alive; i decided to wave hack. from then on my journey became interesting. i threw my magazines into the waste basket and decided to join in malaysian life. then everything came alive. the mountains seemed to speak to me. even the trees were smiling. i stared at everything as if i was looking at it for the first time. the day passed fast and i even forgot to have my lunch until i felt hungry. i looked at my watch and was surprised that it was 3:00 pm. soon the train pulled up at butterworth. i looked at the people all around me. they all looked beautiful. when my uncle arrived with a smile, i threw my arms around him to give him a warm hug (拥抱). i had never done this before. he seemed surprised and then his weather-beaten face warmed up with a huge smile. we walked arm in arm to his car. i looked forward to the return journey.( ) 1. the author expected the train trip to be a. adventurous b. pleasant c. exciting d. dull( ) 2.what did the author remember most fondly of her train trip? a. the friendly country people.b. the mountains along the way.c. the crowds of people in the streets.d. the simple lunch served on the train.( ) 3.which of the following words can best take the place of the word “relish” in the second paragraph? a. choose b. enjoy c. prepare for d. carry on( ) 4.where was the writer going? a. johor bauru. b. the causeway. c. butterworth. d. singapore.( ) 5.what can we learn from the story? a. comfort in traveling by train. b. pleasure of living in the country. c. reading gives people delight. d. smiles brighten people up.1.选d。根据第二段，作者是第一次坐长途火车，带了很多杂志看，可以看出作者一开始认为坐火车是dull（乏味的）。2.选a。根据第一段，马来西亚人很热情，总会微笑着在站台上对火车里的陌生人挥手，欢迎乘客来到马来西亚。作者很感动。3.选b。参照第71题。作者开始并不享受火车之旅。4.选c。倒数第二段，soon the train pulled up at butterworth.火车在butterworth停下来。5.选d。文章主要讲述作者从看到马来西亚人总会在站台上笑对火车里的陌生人挥手后，心情由无聊、乏味变成高兴。可以看出，微笑能让人提起精神。【2014高考英语南京市、盐城市一模】请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。for decades, public health officials have puzzled over a surprising fact about hiv: only about 10-20 percent of infants who are breastfed by infected mothers catch the virus. tests show, though, that hiv is indeed present in breast milk, so these children are exposed to the virus multiple times daily for the first several months of their lives.now, a group of scientists and doctors from duke university has figured outwhy these babies dont get infected. human breast milk naturally contains a protein calledtenascin cthat neutralizes hiv and, in most cases, prevents it from being passed from mother to child. eventually, they say, the protein could potentially be valuable as an hiv-fighting tool for both infants and adults that are either hiv-positive or at risk of contracting the infection.the research, published inproceedings of the national academy of sciences, was inspired byprevious workby other researchers showing that, both in tissue cultures (组织培养) and live mice, breast milk fromhiv-negativemothers was naturallyendowed withhiv-fighting properties. scientists suggested that a few different proteins in the milk could potentially be responsible, but no one knew which one.as part of the study, the researchers divided breast milk into smaller fractions (部分) made up of specific proteins via a number of filters (过滤) separating the proteins by size, electrical charge and othercharacteristicsand tested which of these fractions, when added to a tissue culture, prevented the cells from being infected by hiv. eventually, theyfound that one particular protein was present in all the hiv-resistant fractions but in none of the others: tenascin c.tenascin c works by blocking a key protein onhivs envelopethat normally ties up to a receptor on a t cells membrane called ccr5. in doing so, tenascin c prevents hiv from mixing with the t cell and injecting its rna inside.still, the researchers say that other natural elements in milk might play a role in fighting hiv as well. “its clearly not the whole story, because we do have samples that have low amounts of this protein but still have hiv-neutralizing activity,” the studys lead author permar says.“so it may be actingin concert withother antiviral and antimicrobial factors in the milk.”whatever those other factors are, though, the finding vindicates (证明的正确) recent changes toun guidelinesthatrecommend even hiv-positive mothers in resource-poor countries should breastfeed, if theyre taking anti-retroviral drugs to combat their own infection.the next steps, permar says, are determining which area of tenascin c is active and whether it can effectively prevent transmission in a live animal. if it works, it could potentially beincorporated(合并) into an hiv drug with broader applications. its evenpossiblethat it could someday be adapted to reduce the risk of hiv transmission in adults as well as infants.63. what is the main idea of paragraph 1?a. the breast milk from an infected mother doesnt contain hiv at all.b. its less likely for infants feeding on infected mothers breast milk to catch hiv.c. the possibilities of infants catching hiv have nothing to do with infected mothers.d. children breastfed by infected mothers wont catch hiv though exposed to it frequently.64. why did the researchers divide breast milk into smaller fractions?a. to find out tenascin c.b. to make up specific proteins.c. to add them to a tissue culture.d. to test what prevents cells being infected.65. which of the following about tenascin c is true?a. it has become an effective tool in fighting hiv.b. it was first found by permar and her research group.c. it can prevent transmission in a live animal effectively.d. it can sometimes prevent mother-to-child transmission of hiv.66. what can we know about permar and her research group according to the passage?a. they have found a cure for hiv.b. they have helped changeun guidelines.c. they will do more researches on tenascin c.d. their finding is based on their previous work.【参考答案】63. b64. d65. d 66. c阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项（a、b、c、d）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。a arthur miller (1915-2005) is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century. millers father had moved to the usa from austria hungarydrawn like so many other by the “great american dream” however, he experienced severe financial hardship when his family business was ruined in the great depression of the early l930s. milless most famous play, death of a salesman, is a powerful attack on the american system. with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth. in willy loman, the hero of the play, we see a man who has got into double with his worth. willy is “burnt out” and in the cruel world of business there is no room for sentiment: if he cant do the work, then he is no good to his employer, the wagner company, and he must go. willy is painfully aware of this, and at loss as to what to do with his lack of success. he refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end. when it was first staged in 1949, the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews, and it won the tony award for best play, the new york drama critics circle award, and the pulitzer prize for drama. it was the first play to win all three of these major awards. miller died of the failure at his home in roxbury, connecticut, on the evening of february 10, 2005, the 56th anniversary of the first performance of death of a salesman on broadway.( ) 1. why did arthur millers father move to the usa?a. he suffered from severe hunger in his home country.b. he was attracted by the great american dream.c. he hoped to make his son a dramatist.d. his family business failed.( ) 2. the play death of a salesmana. exposes the cruelty of the american business worldb. discusses the ways to get promoted in a companyc. talks about the business career of arthur millerd. focuses on the skills in doing business( ) 3. what can we learn about willy loman?a. he treats his employer badly.b. he runs the wagner company.c. he is a victim of the american system.d. he is regarded as a hero by his colleagues.( ) 4. after it was first staged, death of a salesmana. achieved huge successb. won the first tony awardc. was warmly welcomed by salesmend. was severely attacked by dramatists( ) 5. what is the text mainly about?a. arthur miller and his family.b. the awards arthur miller won.c. the hardship arthur miller experienced.d. arthur miller and his best-known play.【文章大意】文章介绍了剧作家arthur miller和他最有名的作品death of a salesman推销员之死。1.答案b。细节理解题。根据文章第一段的millers father had moved to the usa from austria hungarydrawn like so many other by the“great american dream”可以得出答案。5.答案d。主旨大意题。文章介绍了剧作家arthur miller和他最有名的作品death of a salesman推销员之死。【2014高考英语南京市、盐城市一模】请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。he leant down to the pickpocket. the heaving and gasping had stopped, but he was still making a show of his breathlessness.“thats better,” mallon said. “can you stand up? try to stand up. here,” he said, and gripped the pickpockets arm and forced him upright until he saw his face for the first time. as the pickpocket labored for breath, he gazed up at mallon with his dark eyes.“how could you?”they asked.mallon might have said, “because you tried to steal from me.” but he was still conscious of the flush of joy hed felt when his blow struck home when he knew hed hurt the man. where that joy came from he couldnt say, but he knew that its roots were deeper than some clumsy failed theft.fat drops of rain began to patter on theawning(雨篷).“how are you?” mallon said. “can you walk?” the pickpocket turned away and leant against the store window with both hands, and his head sank lower as his shoulders rose and fell. a gray-haired woman inside the store rapped on the glass and made a shooing motion. when the pickpocket ignored her, she rapped harder and kept rapping.“i have to go,” mallon said. “im sorry.” he looked up at the sky. “im sorry,” he said again, and stepped into the rain and walked quickly up the street.one of the bangladeshi umbrella sellers was working the corner, and mallon had just paid seven euros when he heard a woman shouting. he didnt want to look back but did. it was the woman from the shop, pushing and batting the pickpocket away from the window while he bent down and covered his head like a boxer trying to get through the last seconds of a round. mallon slipped his wallet back into his jacket pocket and took the umbrella that the bangladeshi had opened for him.the pickpocket was out on the sidewalk now, in the rain. the woman stood just under the awning with her arms crossed over her chest.“excuse me, madam,” mallon said, coming up to them. “this man isnt well. he needs to rest a moment.”“i know these people,” she said. “our romans dont want them here.”the rain fell in sheets, ran down the pickpockets shinyscalpand face, down his leather jacket.“here,” mallon said, and offered him the umbrella, but he only looked at mallon with his hurt dark eyes and then lowered his head again. mallon bumped him in the shoulder with the handle of the umbrella. “go on take it!” he said. and finally, with a beaten, unwilling look, the pickpocket did.and that was when he saw a taxi round the corner with a light glowing on its roof. mallon ran out waving his arm and the cab turned sharply to the pavement, sendinga lot ofwater over his shoes. he opened the door but couldnt help looking back. the pickpocket had lowered the umbrella to the ground upside down and was leaning on theshaft, head low, neck bared to the sky.“wait,” mallon said to the driver. he went back and grabbed the pickpockets sleeve and pulled him to the cab. “get in,” mallon said, and took the umbrella and pushed him into the back seat. he leaned inside. “o.k., where do you live?”“no gypsies!” the driver said. he was twisted around, glaring at the pickpocket.“gypsy? look, hes not well. ill pay,” mallon added.the driver shook his head. “no gypsies. get him out,”mallon looked at the drivers nameplate: michele kadare. “its the law,” he said, “if you dont tak