高考英语二轮复习 专题限时训练（三十七）说明文型阅读简答配套作业（二）（解析版湖南省专用）.doc

专题限时训练(三十七)说明文型阅读简答(二)(限时：25分钟)3(一)think of the world cup, the olympics, a rock concert or a train station in asia before the lunar new year.when thousands or even millions of people get together, what do you suppose is the biggest health concern?traditionally, doctors and public health officials were most concerned about the spread of infectious diseases, like influenza.robert steffen, a researcher in switzerland, says infectious diseases are still a concern.but he says injuries are a bigger threat at mass gatherings.professor steffen says children as well as older people have the highest risk of injury or other health problems at these events.he says children are more at risk of getting crushed(压垮) in stampedes(蜂拥), while older people are at higher risk from extreme heat.stampedes and crushing at mass gatherings have caused an estimated 7,000 deaths over the past thirty years.the design of an area can play a part.there may be narrow passages that too many people try to use at once.professor steffen says the mood of a crowd can also play a part.he says, “if suddenly, for instance, firework is being launched within a football stadium, then the people get very much afraid and try to escape.” he says organizers of large gatherings need to avoid creating conditions that might lead to panic, stampedes and heat stroke.and he says they must be ready to give medical care.so what advice does he have for people attending a large gathering? first, get any needed vaccinations(接种疫苗) before traveling.then, stay away from any large mass of people as much as possible.also, be careful with alcohol and drugs, which can increase the risk of injuries.1 in robert steffens opinion, what are main health risks2 in a crowd？(no more than 5 words)_2who are the common sufferers of health risks in a crowd? (no more than 5 words)_3what are the causes of the health concerns at mass gatherings? (no more than 12 words)_4what should organizers of large gatherings do to prevent health risks in a crowd? (no more than 15 words)_(二)one world education is a nonprofit group based in washington.the group has a program in which teachers develop curriculum(课程) based on student writing.the students are in middle and high school and write essays about culture and global issues.students are invited to write about an issue they find important.then professionally developed learning materials based on chosen essays are used in schools to teach other students.eric goldstein, the leader of the group, said, “over the last four years, weve worked with over 1,500 student writers and weve worked with almost 325 teachers accessing the one world curriculum.”the group publishes a study unit each month from august through may.each unit of curriculum starts with a chosen essay, called a “one world reflection”. the subjects have ranged from single parenthood to protecting rainforests to exploring arab cultures, says mr.goldstein.laila kunaish of washington wrote about her feeling that the media in the united states are often unfair to muslims.a learning activity based on her reflection called for students to collect examples of media stories and discuss whether or not that was true.laila was chosen as a “one world student ambassador” last year.twelve are chosen each year.their reflections are published on the groups website, along with learning activities linked to them.isabel nampakwa kapotwe of lusaka, zambia, was also chosen as a student ambassador.she wrote about zambias cultural traditions, its languages, religions and tourist attractions.but she also wrote about poverty and disease, and how, after her parents died, her grandmother made a home for the remaining family.one activity based on her reflection called for research into the care given by grandparents as heads of households in todays society.1what are those chosen essays used to do？(no more than 10 words)_2what does laila kunaish of washington think of the american media? (no more than 7 words)_3how does the group deal with the reflections of those chosen student ambassadors? (no more than 8 words)_4what learning activity did the reflection of isabel nampakwa kapotwe lead to? (no more than 11 words)_(三)in winter, the birds and animals that out in the cold dont have an electric blanket to keep them warm.how do birds keep warm? the most obvious way they stay warm is their feathers.its because feathers keep water away and are efficient at insulating(使绝缘) their bodies.typically larger birds deal better in cold weather than smaller birds.survival for smaller birds is a harder job than for larger birds.they lose heat fairly quickly, and relative to their size, they need to eat more food to keep warm.however, they usually eat smaller food items, which can be much harder to find when buried in the snow after a snow storm.therefore, some prepare for winter by storing food in the warmer months.survival depends on how well they can conserve energy during cold nights and winter storms.some birds like hummingbirds(蜂鸟) and night hawks will go into a torpor(蛰伏) state to help them save energy, which helps keep normal body temperature.theyll go into this torpor state often at night when its very cold, or when food is scarce.they also reduce heat loss by burying feet and beaks(鸟嘴) in their feathers to help keep them warm.that is why birds often sleep standing on one foot while the other foot is held tightly up against their body.animals are amazingly well equipped to deal with the temperatures of the regions in which they live.but winter is a hard time for birds and animals.by placing a birdfeeder, heated birdbath, birdhouses or nesting boxes in your yard, you can reduce some of the hardships for the birds.if you want to attract birds for the winter season, be sure to place your feeder out in august or september.or you may miss your opportunity to attract them to your yard.1how do feathers help birds keep warm？(no more than 9 words)_2compared with larger birds, why is it more difficult for smaller birds to survive the cold winter? (no more than 15 words)_3how do hummingbirds and night hawks save energy to keep normal body temperature? (no more than 7 words)_4what do birds often do in order to reduce heat loss and keep warm? (no more than 15 words)_专题限时训练(三十七)(一)1infectious diseases and injuries.根据第二段“robert steffen, a researcher in switzerland, says infectious diseases are still a concern.but he says injuries are a bigger threat at mass gatherings.”可判断作答。2children and older people.根据第三段“professor steffen says children as well as older people have the highest risk of injury or other health problems at these events.”可判断作答。3the design of an area and the mood of a crowd.根据第五段“the design of an area can play a partprofessor steffen says the mood of a crowd can also play a part.”可判断作答。4avoid creating conditions possibly causing panic, stampedes and heat stroke, and prepare medical care.根据第六段“he says organizers of large gatherings need to avoid creating conditions that might lead to panic, stampedes and heat stroke.and he says they must be ready to give medical care.”可判断作答。(二)1to professionally develop learning materials to teach other students.根据第二段“then professionally developed learning materials based on chosen essays are used in schools to teach other students.”可判断作答。2they are often unfair to muslims.根据第五段“laila kunaish of washington wrote about her feeling that the media in the united states are often unfair to muslims.”可判断作答。3by publishing them on the groups website.根据第六段“their reflections are published on the groups website, along with learning activities linked to them.”可判断作答。4research into the care given by grandparents in todays society.根据最后一段“one activity based on her reflection called for research into the care given by grandparents as heads of households in todays society.”可判断作答。(三)1by keep