高考英语 阅读理解精英练习题（22）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解精英练习题（22）及答阅读理解passage 3some people think that as more and more people have televisions in their homes，fewer and fewer people will buy books and newspapers. why read an article in the newspaper，when the tv news can bring you the information in a few minutes and with pictures? why read the life story of a famous man，when a short television program can tell you all that you want to know?television has not killed reading, however. today，newspapers sell in very large numbers. and books of every kind are sold more than ever before. books are still a cheap way to get information and enjoymentalthough some books with hard covers are expensive，many books are printed today as paperbacks(平装本)，which are quite cheap. a paperback collection of short stories，for example，is always cheaper than an evening at the cinema or the theater，and you can keep a book for ever and read it many times.books are a wonderful provider of knowledge and pleasure and some types of books should be in every homeevery home should have a good dictionarya good encyclopedia(百科全书)，though expensive，is useful，too，because you can find information on any subjectbesides，you can have such books as history books，science textbooks，cookbooks，and collections of stories and poemsthen from time to time you can take a book of poems off your shelves and read the thoughts and feelings of your favorite poets.68. it can be inferred from the passage that.atv programs are a chief provider of knowledge bcinemas are the best choice in getting informationcreading is a cheap way of learning and having fun dnewspapers are an expensive way to enjoy oneself69what does the sentence“television has not killed reading，however.”underlined in the second paragraph suggest?apeople only need reading，though. breading is still necessary today.creading is more fun than television. dwatching television doesnt help reading.70which of the following is mainly discussed in the last paragraph?atypes of books. bkinds of dictionariesclists of history books dcollections of stories and poems.71what can we learn from the passage?afewer and fewer people will buy booksba good dictionary should be kept in every homecbooks with hard covers sell better than paperbacks. dmore people like tv programs about famous men3答案 68.c 69.b 70.a 71.b阅读理解-ethe vienna-based researchers showed that dogs will stop doing a simple task when not rewarded if another dog, which continues to be rewarded, is presentthe experiment consisted of taking pairs of dogs and getting them to present a paw for a rewardon giving this “handshake” the dogs received a piece of foodone of the dogs was then asked to shake hands, but received no foodthe other dog continued to get the food when it was asked to perform the taskthe dog without the reward quickly stopped doing the task, and showed signs of anger or stress when its partner was rewardedto make sure that the experiment was really showing the interaction between the dogs rather than just the frustration of not being rewarded, a similar experiment was conducted where the dogs performed the task without the partnerhere they continued to present the paw for much longerdr frederike range from the university of vienna says this shows that it was the presence of the rewarded partner that was the greater influence on their behaviour“the only difference is one gets food and the other doesnt, they are responding to being unequally rewarded” she saidthe researchers say this kind of behaviour, where one animal gets frustrated with what is happening with another, has only been observed in primates（灵长类） beforestudies with various types of monkeys and chimpanzees show they react not only to seeing their partners receiving rewards when they are not, but also to the type of rewardthe dog study also looked at whether the type of reward made a differencedogs were given either bread or sausage, but seemed to react equally to eitherdr range says this may be because they have been trained72the dogs refused to give the paw when they_afound another dog was given nothingbfelt they were not treated equallycwere aware they received less fooddwere given too much reward73what would the dogs do if they presented their paw alone?athey would go on with the performance much longerbthey would be too shy to present their pawcthey would miss their partnersdthey would compare what they got with that of others74according to the passage, compared with dogs, monkeys and chimpanzees _apay no attention to the type of rewardbonly like to play interesting gamescpay attention to the type of reward as well as whether they are rewardeddcare more about how they are rewarded75which of the following can best summerise the passage?aanimals various ways to show angerbdogs are more envious than mancmost animals want to be be rewarded for their workdanimals also have a sense of fairplay 参考答案72b考查细节理解。第一段说从第三段可知，当一只狗看见同伴因为和人握手得到奖赏而自己没有时，它就不愿意继续继续和人握手。由此推断，狗也有公平意识和嫉妒心理。73a考查细节理解。第四段说在另外一个实验中，狗们独自进行和人握手的动作而没有任何报酬，其行为持续的时间更长得多。由此判断选a，没有了这种不公平，它们就会继续这样做。74c考查推理判断。从第六、八段可知，狗和其他动物的区别是c，猴子和猩猩关注是否得到奖赏，也关注奖赏的种类。75d考查主题大意。全文介绍的主题是d，奥地利科学家发现，实验表明动物和人一样，也有公平意识，它们“不患寡，患不均”，一旦受到不公平的待遇就会消极怠工。第三部分阅读理解（共20小题，毎小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（、）中，选出最佳选项。athe story goes that some time ago, a man punished his 3-year-old daughter for wasting a roll of gold wrapping papermoney was tight and he became infuriated（愤怒的） when the child tried to decorate a box to put under the christmas treenevertheless, the little girl brought the gift to her father the next morning and said, this is for you, daddy the man was embarrassed by his earlier overreaction, but his anger flared again when he found out the box was emptyhe yelled at her, stating, dont you know, when you give someone a present, there is supposed to be something inside? the little girl looked up at him with tears in her eyes and cried, oh, daddy, its not empty at alli blew kisses into the boxtheyre all for you, daddy the father was crushedhe put his arms around his little girl, and he begged for her forgivenessonly a short time later, an accident took the life of the childit is also told that her father kept that gold box by his bed for many years and, whenever he was discouraged, he would take out an imaginary kiss and remember the love of the child who had put it therein a very real sense, each one of us, as humans beings, have been given a gold container filled with unconditional love and kisses from our children, family members, friends, and godthere is simply no other possession, anyone could hold, more precious than this56the 3-year-old girl was punished by her father for _awasting gold bwasting wrapping paper cputting the box under the christmas tree dbringing the gift to her father57whats inside the box according to the little girl?anothing bair ckisses dgold wrapping paper 58the father remembered the love of his daughter by _akissing the gold box bputting gold into the boxctaking out an imaginary kiss from the boxdkeeping the little girls ash box by his bed59choose the best title for the passageathe kisses in the box ba girl and his father ca love story dthe box under the christmas tree56b【解析】细节题。小女孩用的是包装金纸，不是金子。57c 【解析】细节题。根据第二段倒数第二句i blew kisses into the box58c 【解析】细节题。倒数第二段。59a【解析】主旨大意题。虽然the kisses in the box也是文章中的一个细节，但却是文章的主线，体现出了文章的中心思想。c选项范围过大，b和d是文中细节，没有概括作passage 4intellectual property (ip) is a product of the mind that has commercial valuethe concept dates back to 1623,when the first patent law to protect ip rights was passedip rights protect an artist from having his/her creative ideas copied by anotherfor example, if somebody generates an idea for a novel, that idea is protected by ip rightsif someone else wishes to represent the idea or develop it further, he/she must consult the original artists, who will normally be rewarded financially for its useback in the 17th century, ip rights were primarily carried out to protect newly developed manufacturing processes against stealing, but today, intellectual property rights, are also enjoyed by those who create music, art and literaturein recent years, ip rights have been the focus of a great deal of discussion because of a technology which looks set to weaken them altogether: the internetmany years ago, if you wanted a recording of a song, you would have to purchase it from a music store; if a novel, from a book storein those days, ip rights were easily protected since it was very difficult to obtain intellectual property without paying for ithowever, a lot of ip, including songs, films, books and artwork, can be downloaded today free of charge using the internetthis practice has now taken the world by storm, dramatically affecting the way in which we view ip rights68according to the writer, in the beginning, ip rights were mainly of use to _ _athose creating music, art and literature bnovelistscengineers and inventors dthose not receiving financial reward for their work69what do we know about the internet according to the passage?ait makes ip rights harder to protect bit sells songs and filmscit does not affect the way we understand ip rights dit prevents the production of artwork70according to paragraph 2, what has “taken the world by storm”?aintellectual property rights bthe internetcfree downloading dthe large number of songs, films and books71a possible title for this passage could be _ _aa history of ip rights bways to protect your ip rightscthe present and the future of ip dip rights and our attitudes4. 答案 68.c 69.a 70.c 71.dpassage 5photographs are everywhere. they decorate (装饰) the walls of homes and are used in stores for sales of different goods. the news is filled with pictures of fires, floods, and special events. photos record the beauties of nature. they can also bring things close that are far away. through photos, people can see wild animals, cities in foreign lands, and even the stars in outer space. photos also tell stories.reporting the news through photos is called photojournalism. at times photojournalists tell their stories through a single picture. at other times, they use a group of pictures to tell a story. each picture is like a chapter in a book, which can do more than record the facts. it can also be a strong force for social change.jacob riis was among the first photojournalists. he took pictures of parts of new york city where the poor lived. riis believed that poverty(贫穷)caused crime, and he used photos to help him prove his point. a few years later, the photos of small children working in factories by lewis hine shocked the public. hines pictures helped bring about laws to protect such children.hundreds of pictures may have to be taken in order to get one or two really good photos. it takes science to have the photo come out clearly and art to make a photo that has a good design and expresses feeling. photojournalists make an actual record of what they see. a photo, however, can be both a work of art and an actual record. it can record an important event as a beautiful or exciting picture.as historical and artistic documents(文献) ,photos can become more important over time. today photojournalists still have their pictures appear in newspapers and magazines. they also publish(发表) them in books and on the internet.45. the underlined word “they” in the first paragraph refers to .a. beauties b. photos c. goods d. events46. the photos of the small children by hine show us that photos .a. are also works of art b. are popular ways of reporting newsc. often shock the public d. can serve as a force for social change47. what can we learn from the passage?a. news with pictures is encouraging. b. photos help people improve their life.c. news photos mean history in a sense. d. people prefer reading news with pictures.48. the text is mainly about .a. telling the story through pictures b. decorating the walls of homesc. publishing historical papers d. expressing feeling through pictures5. 答案 45.b 46.d 47.c 48.a1photos that you might have found down the back of your sofa are now big business! in 2005, the american artist richard princes photograph of a photograph, untitled (cowboy), was sold for $ 1, 248, 000. prince is certainly not the only contemporary artist to have worked with so-called “found photographs”a loose term given to everything from discarded(丢弃的) prints discovered in a junk shop to old advertisements or amateur photographs from a strangers family album. the german artist joachim schmid, who believes “basically everything is worth looking at”, has gathered discarded photographs, postcards and newspaper images since 1982. in his on-going project, archiv, he groups photographs of family life according to themes: people with dogs; teams; new cars; dinner with the family; and so on. like schmid, the editors of several self-published art magazines also champion (捍卫) found photographs. one of them, called simply found, was born one snowy night in chicago, when davy rothbard returned to his car to find under his wiper(雨刷) an angry note intended for some else: “whys your car here at her place?” the note became the starting point for rothbards addictive publication, which features found photographs sent in by readers, such a poster discovered in our drawer. the whole found-photograph phenomenon has raised some questions. perhaps one of the most difficult is: can these images really be considered as art? and if so, whose art? yet found photographs produced by artists, such richard prince, may riding his horse hurriedly to meet someone? or how