英语句子结构分析.ppt.ppt

英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习 1 主语 subject 句子说明的人或事物 Thesunrisesintheeast 名词 Helikesdancing 代词 Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory 数词 Seeingisbelieving 动名词 Toseeistobelieve 不定式 Whatheneedsisabook 主语从句 Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree It形式主语 主语从句是真正主语 一 指出下列句中主语的中心词 Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom Thereisanoldmancominghere Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear Todotoday shomeworkwithouttheteacher shelpisverydifficult 谓语 predicate 是对主语加以陈述 表示主语的行为或状态 常用动词或者动词词组担任 放在主语的后面 WestudyEnglish Heisasleep 二 选出句中谓语的中心词 Idon tlikethepictureonthewall A don tB likeC pictureD wall Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes A getB longerC daysD summer Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus A DoB usuallyC goD bus Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon A willbeB meetingC thelibraryD afternoon 3 宾语 1 动宾表示行为的对象 常由名词或者代词担任 放在及物动词或者介词之后 如 IlikeChina 名词 Hehatesyou 代词 Howmanydoyouneed Weneedtwo 数词 Ienjoyworkingwithyou 动名词 Ihopetoseeyouagain 不定式 Didyouwritedownwhathesaid 宾语从句 2 介词后的名词 代词和动名词 介宾Areyouafraidofthesnake Underthesnow therearemanyrocks 3 双宾语 间宾 指人 和直宾 指物 Hegavemeabookyesterday Givethepoormansomemoney 四 划出下列句中的宾语 Mybrotherhasn tdonehishomework PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming howaboutyou 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语 Pleasetellusastory Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek Mr Liisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm Hereisapen GiveittoTom Didheleaveanymessageforme 5 宾补 对宾语的补充 全称为宾语补足语 Weelectedhimmonitor 名词 Weallthinkitapitythatshedidn tcomehere 名词 Wewillmakethemhappy 形容词 Wefoundnobodyin 副词 Pleasemakeyourselfathome 介词短语 Don tlethimdothat 省to不定式 Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson 带to不定式 Don tkeepthelightsburning 现在分词 I llhavemybikerepaired 过去分词 五 划出下列句中的宾语补足语 Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading room Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool Shefounditdifficulttodothework TheycallmeLilysometimes IsawMr Wanggetonthebus DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow 3 表语 predicative 系动词之后的成分 表示主语的性质 状态和特征 Heisateacher 名词 Fiveandfiveisten 数词 Heisasleep 形容词 Hisfatherisin 副词 Thepictureisonthewall 介词短语 Mywatchisgone missing lost 形容词化的分词 Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome 表语从句 常见的系动词有 be sound 听起来 look 看起来 feel 摸起来 smell 闻起来 taste 尝 吃起来 remain 保持 仍是 feel 感觉 become turn get grow Itsoundsagoodidea Thesoundsoundsstrange Hervoicesoundssweet Tomlooksthin Thefoodsmellsdelicious Thefoodtastesgood Thedoorremainsopen NowIfeeltired 三 挑出下列句中的表语 Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired WhyisheworriedaboutJim Theleaveshaveturnedyellow SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit 6 定语 修饰或限制名词或代词的词 词组或句子 Yanlingisachemistryteacher 名词 Heisourfriend 代词 Webelongtothethirdworld 数词 Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson 形容词 Themanoverthereismyoldfriend 副词 Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister 介词 TheboysplayingfootballareinClass2 现在分词 Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow 过去分词 Ihaveanideatodoitwell 不定式 YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo 定语从句 六 挑出下列句中的定语 Whatisyourgivenname OnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3 ItalkedwithamendressedinblueT shirt Themandownstairswastryingtosleep 7 状语 用来修饰v adj adv or句子 表示时间 地点 原因 目的 结果 程度 条件 方式和让步 以下例句按上述顺序排列 Iwillgotheretomorrow Themeetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom Themeatwentbadbecauseofthehotweather HestudieshardtolearnEnglishwell Hedidn tstudyhardsothathefailedintheexam Ilikesomeofyouverymuch Ifyoustudyhard youwillpasstheexam Hegoestoschoolbybike Thoughheisyoung hecandoitwell 七 挑出下列句中的状语 Therewasabigsmileonherface Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast Withthemedicineboxunderherarm MissLihurriedoff 8 同位语 对句子中某一成分作进一步解释 说明