六级、考研英语阅读理解读物英汉对照.doc

英语阅读理解能力提高读物（英汉对照） 1. The India Oil Industry in History 1. The oil industry of India has traveled a long distance from the steamyjungles of Digboi to the deep-blue waters of the Bombay High. It has survived twoWorld Wars and withstood the economic, social and political upheavals of aparticularly troubled century. It has, through the decades, striven for technicalexcellence, established a firm infrastructure and charted for itself a pattern ofgrowth consistent with national aspirations. 2. The journey, however, is far from over. The way is long, the wind is cold.The triumphant milestones encountered so far: Nahorkatiya, Moran, Anklesvar,Cambay, Bombay High to name a few: have brought us closer to the goal ofself-reliance in oil, but in a reflex action to the increasing demand the goal itself istantalizingly moving away. What is needed is the great leap forward, a dynamicsurge to close the gap and thus ward off a serious economic danger. 3. The nation can rest assured that the oil industry is fully aware of itsresponsibility and is gearing up to meet the challenge. Given their superb trackrecord, we can expect OIL and ONGC to bring to their operations the finest interms of managerial, technical and interpretative skills. We can trust them toupdate their knowledge in the exploding world of ideas and to constantly remain atthe spear-head of progress. We can rest assured that they will train the staff to thehighest levels of the industry. 4. However, there is one ingredient of success which cannot be imparted inthe class-room. It has to be a growth from within, not a graft from without. This iswhat a distinguished 19 century French mineralogist calls the passion of thepioneer which the goes on to describe as the blend of an optimism that cannotcontemplate failure, of a perseverance that is fanatic in its intensity and of adedication amounting to obsessive concern. 5. Digboi Well No. 1 was the culmination of such passion a hundred years ago.Through the corridors of time and the forests of the night, she is silently exhortingus to keep alive this pioneering spirit without which every other effort will bemeaningless. It is important that we respond to this summons for, quite simply, it isa summons to greatness. 参考译文：印度石油工业的历史 ， 1从DIGBOI油田潮湿的丛林到BOMBAYHIGH油田深篮的海水，印度的石油工业已经经历了一条漫长的历程。它幸存于两次世界大战中，经历了一个经济、社会和政治大动荡的特殊世纪。然而，经历这几十年，它依然努力追求技术进步，建立企业基层组织，为自身的发展构建具有民族特色的增长模式。 2但是，印度石油工业发展的道路还很漫长，路漫漫，风凄凄。到目前为止，印度石油工业所取得的几个可历数的胜利里程碑是：NAHORKATIYA、MORAN、ANKLESVAR和CAMBAYHIGH油田，它们正在把我们步步引向石油自给自足的目标，同时，印度石油需求上升反映出的动向，又使目标本身渐渐远去。我们所需要的是向前的个大跳跃，充满动力的缩小差距，才能阻上严重的经济危险。 3只有印度石油工业充分意识到它的责任，同时准备好应对挑战，国家 才能够放心休息。从它们辉煌的历史记录中，我们能够期待OIL公司和ONGC 公司能用它们优秀的管理、技术和翻译队伍的技巧最好地进行运作。我们能 够信任它们能够在知识爆炸的世界里迅速不断的更新他们的知识，保持处于 进步的前沿。我们能够放心，它们将会把职员训练达到(世界石油)工业的 最高水平。 4然而，这里有个不能在教室里传授的成功要素。它只能是一个从里 向外的成长，不能是一个来自“没有”的嫁接。这就是19世纪个著名的法 国矿物学家所称的先锋的激情，进一步描述为“是种乐观主义，融合着不 沉浸于失败、保持自己强劲的毅力、致力于不断发展”。 5DIGBOI一号石油井曾经在一百余年前是这个激情的顶峰。穿越时间的 走廊和夜幕里的森林，它告诫我们要尽全力保持这个先锋的灵魂永存，没有 它所有的努力都毫无意义。我们平静地、简单地对这个召唤做出反应是重要 的，它是一个走向伟大的召唤。 2. Americas Luckiest Stamp Find 1. The first United States airmail stamp has had an interesting story. Printed in1918, this 24-cent stamp with a blue plane inside a rose border became the centerof much attention. One hundred of the stamps sold to the public became known asinverts, for the plane was printed upside down. Some of these upside-downairmail stamps are now worth over $6,000. 2. The story of these stamps began on May 14, 1918, the day after they wereplaced on sale. In Washington, D.C., W. T. Robey, a man interested in stamps,decided to buy a sheet of the new stamps and so went to the New York Avenuebranch post office in Washington. When the clerk handed him a sheet of thestamps, Robey noted that they were poorly centered. He looked at other sheets andfound that none was well centered. The clerk asked Robey to return later in the daywhen more stamps were expected. 3. About noon Robey came back, and the same clerk was on duty. He reachedfor the new sheets and handed one to Robey. The collectors heart stood still as hesaw that the sheet which had been offered him had inverted centers. 4. Excited by his find, Robey shopped other branch post offices for moresheets with inverted centers but found none. Then he told his friends of hisdiscovery, and they, too, looked in the citys post offices - also in vain. 5. Not being a rich man, Robey decided to cash in on his good fortune. Heturned down the first offer of $500 from a Washington stamp shop owner and tookthe sheet to New York. There he planned to show it to a collector, Colonel E. H. R.Green, as well as to stamp dealers. 6. Colonel Green was out of the city, and no one else wanted to bid on thesheet for fear that Robeys might not be the only upside-down sheet. As the newsof his find spread, many people said that other such sheets had been found. Thesestories proved to be false. 7. Robey left New York without having made a sale, and stopped inPhiladelphia on the way home. There, dealer Eugene Klein arranged to buy thesheet for $15,000, and finally did buy it. Within a few days, Klein sold the sheet toColonel Green, the same collector whom Robey had failed to contact in Texas atthe time, and that Klein phoned him there and sold him the sheet, sight unseen, for$20,000! Robeys sheet had cost him $24, and his profit was $14,976 while Kleingained $5,000. 8. Of the 100 stamps first bought by Mr. Robey, stamp collectors are now ableto account for 90. What has happened to the others is not known. When a copy isoffered for sale it is a major event in the stamp world. A single such stamp hasbeen sold for as much as $6,500. Few people have ever even seen a copy. Yet nomatter how much this valuable stamp is bought and sold, no owner can match thethrill that W. T. Robey had on that day in 1918 when he made Americas luckieststamp find! 参考译文：美国最幸运的邮票的发现 1关于美国的第一枚航空邮票有一个有趣的故事。这枚面值为24美分的邮票印刷于1918年，玫瑰花边的中间有一架蓝色的飞机，成为人们关注的中心。因为蓝色的飞机被印颠倒了，仅仅有一百枚这种“倒转”邮票卖给公众。现在，有些这种“倒转”航空邮票价值超过6000美元。 2，关于这些邮票的故事发生在1918年5月14日，该日是它们开始销售的第二天。在首都华盛顿，一个集邮爱好者，罗比，决定去买一整版新邮票，于是他来到华盛顿市纽约大街的邮政支局。当职员递给他一版新邮票时，罗比看到它们(印刷)的中心位置很差。他看了其它几版，没有一个摆正中心位置。职员告诉罗比当天晚些时候来退换，估计那时有更多邮票到货。 3，罗比大约中午时候回来时，还是那个职员值班。他伸手够到新货取出一版递给罗比。当这个集邮者看到邮票时他的心跳刹那间停顿了，给他的这版邮票有一个倒转的中心。 4罗比被他的发现振奋，他到其它邮政支局去寻购更多张的“倒转”邮票，但是毫无成果。之后，他告诉他的朋友们他的这个发现，他们如他一样，找遍了全城的邮政支局，同样徒劳无功。 5罗比不是个富人，他决定把他的好运气换成钱。他拒绝了一个华盛顿集邮商店老板500美元的第一个报价，带着邮票去纽约。他计划把“倒转”邮票拿给一个名叫COLONEL的集邮者和一些邮票商看。 6COLONEL先生不在纽约，而没有其他任何人想报价，他们害怕罗比的邮票不是唯一的“倒转”邮票。当关于罗比的发现的消息扩散开后，很多人声称找到了其它这样的邮票。很快证实那些话都不真实。 7罗比没有卖出邮票离开纽约，回家的路上他停脚费城。在那儿，个邮票商克林安排15000美元收购全版“倒转票”，最终成交。几天之内，克林转手全版“倒转票”给COLONEL先生，就是在德州与罗比失之交臂的那个邮票商，而当克林打电话给在德州的COLONEL先生，卖给他全版“倒转票”时，他看都没看，出价20000美元!罗比付出24美元买全版“倒转票”，他的利润是14976美元，而克林先生赚了5000美元。 8罗比先生最先购买到的100枚邮票中，现在集邮者们能统计出的仅有90枚。没有人知道另外一些邮票的下落和故事。今天，一个“倒转票”的拷贝出售都是集邮界的大事。仅仅单枚这样的邮票曾经卖到6500美元。甚至是复制品也几乎没有人看到过。不论这种价值极高的邮票卖多少钱、买多少钱，没有一个所有者的兴奋可与罗比在1918年发现最幸运的美国邮票那天的兴奋相比!3. Clones: A Milestone in Medical Science 1. Take a cell, practically any cell, from your body, and through appropriatebiological repairing, you can cause it to grow into a duplicate ofyourself-identical from eyelashes to toenails. With this system, you can neatlyreproduce yourself without any panner. Human cloning, its called. 2. Is this science fact or science fiction? In the spring of 1996, a book waspublished telling the supposedly true story of an elderly millionaire who, at greatexpense, succeeded in producing a clone-an exact genetic copy of himself.According to the account, the cloned child, now 4 years old, is living with hisfather in California. 3. The book caused a small uproar. Clone movies and clone jokes sprang upovernight. A group of scientists demanded that the federal government reveal allthe studies it has funded on cloning and related field of cell biology. But somedistinguished biologists offered their opinion that the book was pure fantasy. Theypointed out that cell researchers simply do not yet know enough to pull off such afeat, even if they are anxious to. 4. Yet the cloning story touches a highly sensitive nerve. People began torealize that we are on the threshold of a new age in the biosciences. Knowledge ofgenetic engineering is emerging that allows scientists to tinker with, and change,the very stuff of life. The assumption on which human cloning rests is that allgenetic cells, though now specialized, still contain exact copies of the original setof genetic instructions needed to make an entire individualcand could do so if away is found to switch them back on. If so, the recipe for cloning people should bequite simple, at least in theory. 5. Although it may look simple on paper, it isnt in practice. To date scientistshave succeeded in cloning some small animals. But it is still a far cry from themuch more complicated experiment on the carbon copy of human beings. Evenwhen technically possible, the potential of human cloning challenges our entirevalue system. We must talk about the implications now, before any crisis occurs. 6. What would happen if human cloning became a reality? One favoriteexpectation is the creation of a new breed of Einsteins. But scientists quicklydenied the possibility. It is more than genetic make-up that makes an individual.People are all products of a particular historical time and of special environment,with so many minute things affecting the way they develop each and every day. Aduplicate background-and therefore a duplicate individual-could never becreated. 7. Fortunately, cloning research is not a technique for reproductive purposes,but to cure human diseases. Already biologists studying the cells inner workingsand the various methods of cloning have made exciting discoveries that mayfinally lead to breakthroughs in fighting against cancer. It may also be used tocontrol the aging process, and conquer presently incurable human genetic diseases.参考译文：克隆一医学科学的一个里程碑 1从你的身体上取个细胞，实际上可以是任何细胞，通过适当的生物修理，你能够使它生长成为一个完整的你自己的复制品，从眼睫毛到脚趾甲，完全相同。使用这个系统，你能够不需要任何(性)伙伴完整地重制你自己。这被称作“人类克隆”。 2这是科学的事实还是科学的小说?1996年春天，已经发行的一本书讲述一个据说是真实的故事，一个老年的百万富翁花费巨资，成功地生产出一个克隆，一个完全的他自己的基因复制。据报道，该克隆儿童现在已经4岁，与他的“父亲”一起生活在加利福尼亚州。 3这本书造成一个小骚动。一夜间克隆电影和克隆笑话扩散开。一个科学家组织要求联邦政府展示它曾经和正在提供资金的有关克隆和相关细胞生物学领域的所有研究项目。但是，一些著名生物学家提出了他们的观点，认 为该书是纯粹的科幻小说。他们指出，很简单，细胞学研究者完全不具备足 够知识去实现这样的壮举，尽管他们渴望能做到。 4.但是克隆故事已经触动到高度敏感的神经。人们开始意识到我们正处 在一个生物科学新纪元的开端。正在兴起的墓因工程的知识，使科学家可用 其修补和改变那些生命之源。人类克隆的假设基于：虽然现在是专门的细胞， 但所有的基因细胞都保留着一套正确的原始基因复制，它用来指导重塑一个 完整的个体人，同样的道理，如果能够找到一个方法也可以逆向复制。如果 的确如此，人类克隆应该非常简单，至少理论上如此。 5虽然在理论上人类克隆看上去简单，但其从未进入试验。目前科学家 已经成功克隆了一些小动物。但是，复制活人这样复杂的试验依然是遥不可 及的。即使技术上可能时，人类克隆的潜在性向我们人类整个价值体系发出 挑战。我们必须在任何危机发生之前的今天，讨论有关的含义。 6如果人类克隆成为真实，将会发生什么?一个最好的期待是，一个爱 因斯坦的新生命。但是科学家们迅速否定了这个可能性。一个人物个体的产 生不仅仅依靠基因的构成。每一个人都是特定历史时间和特殊环境的产物， 有那么多微小的事情影响着每个人发展方向的每一天。因此，一个复制的背 景，或一个复制的个人，将永远不能被创造。 7幸运的是，克隆研究不是一项以复制为目的的技术，反之，而是为了 治疗人类的疾病。生物学家在研究细胞的内部活动方式和克隆的各种办法方 面，已经有了令人兴奋的发现，可能最终实现战胜癌症的突破。它还可能被 用于控制人的老化过程，以及征服目前还不可治疗的人类基因疾病。 参考译文：克隆一医学科学的一个里程碑 1从你的身体上取个细胞，实际上可以是任何细胞，通过适当的生物修理，你能够使它生长成为一个完整的你自己的复制品，从眼睫毛到脚趾甲，完全相同。使用这个系统，你能够不需要任何(性)伙伴完整地重制你自己。这被称作“人类克隆”。 2这是科学的事实还是科学的小说?1996年春天，已经发行的一本书讲述一个据说是真实的故事，一个老年的百万富翁花费巨资，成功地生产出一个克隆，一个完全的他自己的基因复制。据报道，该克隆儿童现在已经4岁，与他的“父亲”一起生活在加利福尼亚州。 3这本书造成一个小骚动。一夜间克隆电影和克隆笑话扩散开。一个科学家组织要求联邦政府展示它曾经和正在提供资金的有关克隆和相关细胞生物学领域的所有研究项目。但是，一些著名生物学家提出了他们的观点，认 为该书是纯粹的科幻小说。他们指出，很简单，细胞学研究者完全不具备足 够知识去实现这样的壮举，尽管他们渴望能做到。 4.但是克隆故事已经触动到高度敏感的神经。人们开始意识到我们正处 在一个生物科学新纪元的开端。正在兴起的墓因工程的知识，使科学家可用 其修补和改变那些生命之源。人类克隆的假设基于：虽然现在是专门的细胞， 但所有的基因细胞都保留着一套正确的原始基因复制，它用来指导重塑一个 完整的个体人，同样的道理，如果能够找到一个方法也可以逆向复制。如果 的确如此，人类克隆应该非常简单，至少理论上如此。 5虽然在理论上人类克隆看上去简单，但其从未进入试验。目前科学家 已经成功克隆了一些小动物。但是，复制活人这样复杂的试验依然是遥不可 及的。即使技术上可能时，人类克隆的潜在性向我们人类整个价值体系发出 挑战。我们必须在任何危机发生之前的今天，讨论有关的含义。 6如果人类克隆成为真实，将会发生什么?一个最好的期待是，一个爱 因斯坦的新生命。但是科学家们迅速否定了这个可能性。一个人物个体的产 生不仅仅依靠基因的构成。每一个人都是特定历史时间和特殊环境的产物， 有那么多微小的事情影响着每个人发展方向的每一天。因此，一个复制的背 景，或一个复制的个人，将永远不能被创造。 7幸运的是，克隆研究不是一项以复制为目的的技术，反之，而是为了 治疗人类的疾病。生物学家在研究细胞的内部活动方式和克隆的各种办法方 面，已经有了令人兴奋的发现，可能最终实现战胜癌症的突破。它还可能被 用于控制人的老化过程，以及征服目前还不可治疗的人类基因疾病。 4. Public Interest and Private Lives 1. Recent intrusions into the lives of public figures have highlighted the lack of laws guarding privacy in Britain. As a result, one issue under discussion as Parliament returns this week is the possible introduction of legislation to curbpress powers. 2. The Government will probably take no action until it receives a report froma committee chaired by Sir David Calcutt, due in January 1993. The committee isexamining whether the press should be regulated by tougher legislation. It is alsoconsidering the ways in which the press has invaded the private lives of thefamous. 3. The Calcutt committee has reported once before, in 1990. Itsrecommendations led to the creation of the Press Complaints Commission, underwhich the press was given the chance to regulate itself without the need for aprivacy law. It also proposed a new criminal offence of physical intrusion to obtaininformation for publication. 4. This proposal, which was not acted upon, would have made it unlawful tophotograph people on private property or record their conversations withoutpermission. It would have made it an offence to enter a property to place a bug orobtain personal information. 5. The committee said that the press should be allowed to invade the privacyof a public figure only when it was likely to expose or prevent criminal activity,otherwise his or her private life should be left alone. But a general law protectingprivacy was rejected. 6. Since then, reports in some newspapers and magazines about peoplesprivate lives have ignored the committees recommendations. The private lives ofGovernment ministers and members of the Royal Family have featuredprominently in the press. Photographs of the Duchess of York Sunbathing inFrance, for example, have been widely published. 7. Some sections of the media justify their intrusion by saying it is in thepublic interest. In a democracy, they argue, the public has a right to know whatpeople in positions of power are doing. Politicians and others are accountable fortheir lives. Privacy laws, these critics say, would protect the privileged. 8. Additionally, many politicians use their private lives to gain popularsupport, for example by parading their families before cameras to emphasize traditional values. Hence, some editors say they are justified in prying intoprivate lives to uncover any faults. 9. Likewise, the Royal Family is supported from public funds, and therefore itis argued that its members should lead responsible private lives. 10. Critics of media intrusion say it is hurtful to the individuals involved andignores their basic rights to freedom and privacy. They say intrusion serves purelyto increase newspaper sales. 11. As well as the debate on privacy and the press, there is another issue thatcivil-liberty groups think is a greater threat to peoples freedom. It is the protectionof ordinary members of the public from intrusion, particularly by the state and bybusiness. 参考译文：公共利益与名人私生活 1最近在英国，侵犯公众人物私生活的事件突出了缺乏保护隐私权的法律的问题。其结果：一个讨论之下的解决办法，是让这周返回工作的议会提出可能的立法议案去限制媒体的权力。 2预计在1993年1月收到以DAVID CALCUTT先生为主席的委员会的报告之前政府不会采取任何行动。该委员会正在审查是否应该用严厉的法律去约束媒体。同时它也在调查媒体采用何种方式侵犯名人私生活。 31990年，CALCUTT先生的委员会曾经提出过一次报告。在该报告倡议下成立了媒体申诉委员会。媒体通过该委员会进行自我约束而不受隐私权法律的限制。报告同时还提出了一种新的犯罪，即为了获取公众信息而进行人身的侵犯。 4这个尚未生效的法案，将使“在私有财产内对人拍照”或“不受他人允许对他的谈话录音”成为非法。法案还使闯入私有财产去设置窃听器或获取他人私人信息定为犯罪。 5委员会解释道，只有当媒体能揭露或制止可能的犯罪活动时，才允许侵犯名人的隐私，否则无权干涉他或她的私生活。但是保护隐私的普通条款被否决了。 ， 6此后，若干报纸和刊物不顾委员会的建议报道了一些名人的私生活。政府要员和皇室成员的私生活已经成为媒体的报道焦点。例如，约克女公爵在法国日光浴的照片曾经被广泛刊登。 7媒体的某些部门以公共利益为借口辩解说他们的“私闯”是正当的。他们争辩道在一个民主社会里，公众有权力知道那些在当权者在做什么。政治家们和某些人们要对自己的所作所为负责任。他们批评说隐私权法律保护了特权。 8此外，很多政治家利用他们的私生活去提高知名度。例如，在照相机向公众展示他们的家庭以强调“传统价值”。因此，一些记者说他们窥视名人隐私以揭示他们的错误是合理的。 9另外，公共基金负责皇室的生活，因此某种争论说，皇室成员的私生活应当成为公众的楷模。 10批评者说媒体入侵是对相关人的伤害和对他们在自由和隐私方面权力的忽视。他们说，侵犯隐私的目的只是为了增加报纸的销量。 11在媒体权力与名人私生活的辩论中，人权自由组织认为还有个对人民自由的巨大威胁，即保护普通大众免受侵犯，尤其是政府和商业组织的侵犯。 5. The First Jet It was just noon on that 25th day of April, 1945. I had gone through my firstminutes of combat. The 456th Bomber Group, based in Italy, had gone into Austria.They had hit the railroad yards at Linz along the Danube River. My job was to drop chaff. They were the little bundles of tin that confusedenemy radar. Through the 3-inch-square chaff, chute, I could see the enemy shellsexploding just below us. Just after bombs away, a sharp blow rocked our plane. An enemy shell hadripped a hold in the floor of the airplane. It was about a yard from the engineersfeet. Engineer to pilot, his voice said, weve been hit. Bad? Dont think so. It missed the control cables - went out through the top. No more talk. It was over. But it left a shaky feeling. We knew that the warwas almost over. A guys chances of getting home were good. Each of us was