人教版必修一Unit 4 earthquakes知识点学案.docx

unit 4 earthquakes知识点学案a近义词辨析1. congratulate用法：v. 祝贺搭配：congratulate sb. on sth.辨析：congratulate 对他人祝贺为目的，侧重以言语表示祝贺。celebrate 通常指举行盛大隆重的仪式庆祝或纪念有意义的日子或某件事情。侧重指以行动来庆祝生日、节日等。】练习：用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). i _ you on your success.2). we held a party to _ our success. 答案: 1). congratulate2). celebrate 2. rise用法: vi上升，升高，上涨辨析：rise 是不及物动词，常以物做主语，表示上升/升高/上涨 arise 也是不及物动词，意思是出现，产生，主语常常是某个问题或者现象。raise 是及物动词，后面一定要跟名词作宾语，多指把某物从低处升到高处，也可表示筹集,饲养，养育。 arouse 也是及物动词，意思是引起，唤醒，后常跟兴趣，愤怒，同情等抽象名词练习: 用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). she _ her eyes from her work.2). take measures as soon as a problem _3). we are surprised that the price _ by 10%.答案: 1). raised2). arise3). rose 3. injure用法：vt 损坏，破坏，伤害 辨析：injure 尤指在事故中使人或动物身体上收到伤害hurt： 侧重指给有生命的东西造成机体上或精神、感情上的或轻或重的伤害。wound： 专指对身体的重伤，尤指在战斗中受的伤，强调外部创伤； damage： 通常指对无生命物体的损害，并有降低其价值，破坏其功能等的后果。destory： 常指破坏某个建筑设施至不可修复的程度练习：1). the soldier was _ in the arm in the war. 2). she was _ slightly in an accident during the work. 3). i was very much _ at his words.答案: 1). wounded2). injured 3). hurt b重点单词1. burst 用法: v.& n. 爆裂, 爆发, 突然破裂搭配：burst into laughter = burst out laughing 突然大笑 burst into tears = burst out crying 突然大哭 a burst of 一阵（笑声，掌声）例句 :1).the red balloon suddenly burst. 那个红色的气球突然爆了。练习：on hearing the news, leslie _ laughter while tracy _ crying. 一听到这则消息，leslie突然大笑，而tracy则突然大哭起来。key：burst into, burst out2. rescue 用法: n.&vt. 援救，营救搭配：rescue sb./ sth. from sb./ sp. 把.从营救出来come to/ go to sbs rescue = rescue sb. 援救某人 a rescue team 救援队a rescue mission 救援任务 rescue workers 救援人员例句：1). the police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river. 警察来救他，把他从河里拉了出来。练习: 用rescue的适当形式填空1). the mother, along with her two children, _from the sinking boat by a passing ship.2). the firemen _ five children from the burning house yesterday. 答案: 1). has been rescued 2). rescued3. judge用法: n. 法官，鉴赏家，裁判vt判断，估计搭配：judge sb./ sth. by/from 通过判断as far as i judge 我认为judging from 从来看， 根据判断 in ones judgment 据判断例句：1). shes a good judge of wine. 她是鉴别酒的专家。2). dont judge a man by his looks. 不要以貌取人。练习: 用与judge相关的词汇填空1). _his appearance, he must be a rich man.2). _ , he must be from the south.答案: 1). judging2). in her judgment识记单词earthquake n.地震well n. 井crack n. 裂缝；噼啪声v. 开裂million n.百万event n.事件；大事as if 仿佛；好像nation n.民族；国家；国民canal n. 运河；水道steam 蒸汽；水汽dirt n. 污垢；泥土ruin n. 废墟；毁灭，使破产suffering n.苦难；痛苦extreme adj.极度的destroy vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭brick n. 砖；砖块dam n水坝；堰堤track n.轨道；足迹；痕迹useless adj. 无用的；无效的；无益的shock vi.& vt.(使)震惊；震动 n. 休克；打击；震惊trap vt.使陷入困境 n. 陷阱；困境electricity n.电；电流；电学disaster n.灾难；灾祸bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏shelter n. 掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处title n. 标题；头衔；资格reporter n. 记者damage n. & vt.损失；损害frighten vt. 使惊吓；吓唬frightened adj. 受惊的；受恐吓的frightening adj.令人恐惧的sincerely adv.真诚地；真挚地express vt.表示；表达vt.快车；速递outline n.要点；大纲；轮廓headline n.报刊的大字标题重点短语in ruins 严重受损，破败不堪in rags 衣衫褴褛in danger 处于危险中in a hurry 匆忙地，迅速地in time 及时in particular 尤其，特别in addition 此外，另外in advance 提前in a way 在某种程度上识记短语prepare to do sth/get prepared