中考英语专题复习-介词

介词复习提纲介词复习提纲 1 介词的定义介词的定义 介词是一种虚词 不能独立存在 它必须和随后的不足成分一起构成介词短语 才能用作句子的成分 2 介词 短语 的分类介词 短语 的分类 1 表示时间的介词 短语 表示时间的介词 短语 at用在具体的时间点之前 e g at five o clock in用在年 月 季节之前 用在表泛指的上午 下午 晚上之前 e g in July in the afternoon on 用在星期之前 用在具体某天或者某天的上午 下午 晚上之前 e g on the afternoon of July 2nd after表示 在 之后 反义词是 before before表示 在 之前 除了可以用作介词之外 before 还可以做连词和副词 until表示 直到 not until 意为 直到 才 since表示 自从 后跟表示过去的时间点时 通常和现在完成时连用 during表示 在 期间 e g during the speech from和 to 搭配 from to 表示 从 到 e g from 3 30 to 5 30 by表示 在 之前 不迟于 e g by five o clock 2 表示方位的介词表示方位的介词 at用在比较小的地点之前 e g arrive at the airport 用在表较大的地点之前 e g arrive in Beijing in 表示 在 里面 e g in the box in front of表示 在 前面 反义词是 behind behind表示 在 后面 under表示 在 下面 by表示 在 旁边 靠近 e g by the window beside表示 在 旁边 near表示 在 附近 next to表示 靠近 紧挨 from和 to 搭配 from to 表示 从 到 e g from Beijing to Shanghai on the left of表示 在 的左边 on the right of表示 在 的右边 注意注意 in 是常见的介词 还有如下的用法是常见的介词 还有如下的用法 in 颜色 服装此时 in 表示 穿着某种颜色的衣服 in 语言此时 in 表示 用某种语言 in 时间段用在一般将来时的句中 该句表示在 早某段时间之后 3 表示方式 手段或工具的介词表示方式 手段或工具的介词 1 表示方式表示方式 byby 交通工具 on inon in 限定词 交通工具 2 表示手段或工具表示手段或工具 with和具体的工具搭配 by表示 通过 以 的方式或手段 其后常跟动名词 in和语言 声音等材料搭配 4 其他常考介词的基本用法其他常考介词的基本用法 for表示 为了 e g They fought for the country of表示 的 协助构成所有格形式 e g a map of China about表示 关于 e g a book about flowers 表示 和 在一起 e g I live with my parents 表示 带有 具有 e g a house with a gardenwith 构成固定搭配 e g with the help of agree with provide sb with sth without表示 无 没有 e g Fish cannot live without water 三 介词 短语 的基本用法三 介词 短语 的基本用法 1 用作表语 e g We are in the classroom 2 用作宾语补足语 e g I was surprised to find him on the bus 3 用作后置定语 e g The girl in a white T shirt is my sister 4 用作状语 e g There are many flowers in the garden 四 常考的易混介词和介词短语四 常考的易混介词和介词短语 between表示 在 两者 之间 among表示 在 三者或三者之上 之间 in front of表示 在某范围以外的前面 in the front of表示 在某范围以内的前面 on表示 在 上面 强调表面接触 反义词是 beneath over表示 在 上方 强调在垂直的上面 反义词是 under above 表示 在 上方 可能在垂直的上方 也可能不在垂直的上方 只表示上 下的位置关系 反义词是 below across表示 从表面穿过 通常和 road street river 等搭配 through表示 从立体空间穿过 通常和 window channel town city 等搭配 over表示 越过高的物体 通常和 wall mountain 等搭配 for后跟时间段 常用来说明动作延续的时间长度 since后跟时间点 常用来说明动作起始的时间 besides表示 除 之外还有 表示累计关系 except表示 除了 表示排除关系 be made of表示 由 制造 强调可以看出原材料 be made from表示 由 制造 强调看不出原材料 be made by表示 由 某人 制造 后面跟人 be made in表示 在 某地 制造 后跟地点 be made into表示 被制成 后跟成品 5 介词 短语 中考考点介词 短语 中考考点 考点一考点一 动词动词 介词 介词 at look at laugh at knock at shout at point at for pay for look for ask for leave for on depend on get on call on pass on go on with agree with argue with begin with about think about care about worry about be 形容词形容词 介词 介词 of be proud of be full of be afraid of for be famous for be ready for be sorry for be late for in be interested in be strcit in at be good at be angry at be surprised at with be satisfied pleased with be srict with be angry with 考点二考点二 of sb 和 for sb It s adj of sb to do sth 该句型多用于表示人物的性格或品德 其中的形容词多是表示主观感情或态度的形容词 如 good kind nice clever foolish 等 It s adj for sb to do sth 该句型多用于表示人物或事物的特征 其中的形容词多是表示客观形势的形容词 如 easy hard difficult interesting 等 考点针对联系考点针对联系 一 单项选择一 单项选择 1 2013 北京 Lucy lived in Beijing from 2008 2012 A on B to C at D of 2 2013 大连 In America people start celebrating the New Year 31st December A in B at C on D for 3 2013 扬州 How long have you lived in the new flat 2010 A In B After C Since D Before 4 2013 锦州 Most of my classmates go to school bike A at B by C on D in 5 2013 上海 Wow Ten students in our class will celebrate their fourteenth birthdays October A in B on C at D to 6 2013 呼和浩特 her husband she has now become a famous film star A Because B Thanks to C Thanks for D With the help of 7 2013 兰州 Why do you always go to Lanzhou University on weekends Because there re lots of great speakers I can practice English in the English corner there A with B to C on D about 8 2013 烟台 Why do you always sleep Because I m afraid of the dark A by yourself B with the door open C with the window open D with the light on 9 2013 三亚 On my visit to Australia I feel Australians are similar us in many ways A with B in C to D at 10 2013 河南 What did you get your birthday Jason An iPad 3 from my aunt A to B at C with D for 11 2013 安徽 Mrs King put a coat the sleeping girl to keep her warm A over B with C behind D beside 12 2013 无锡 Ice is not often seen here in winter as the temperature normally stays zero A up B down C above D below 13 2013 温州 Ann ofte helps me math after school A for B with C on D by 14 2013 黔西南 All of you went the zoo Wang Hui She had to look after her grandpa A besides B with C except D beside 15 2013 德州 the Internet was only used by government But now it s widely used in every field A As usual B At first C After all D So far 16 2013 重庆 You can improve your English practicing more A by B with C of D in 17 2013 苏州 Sandy is a real book lover and she often brings home many books to read the library A in B for C by D from 18 2013 武汉 Sue has many nice dresses She wears a different one every day the week A of B from C at D for 19 2013 荆州 The model plane isn t as nice as my sister s but it was made by myself A at last B at least C at times D at present 20 2013 丽水 Before the bridge was built the river the villagers had to take a boat to the other side A in B beside C across D along 21 2013 聊城 Don t ask him to study too late in the night he is only a small child A As a result B After all C Best of all D For example 22 2013 菏泽 Most of kids in our school enjoy pop songs some hit songs on the Internet like The Coolest Ethnic Trend 最炫民族风 A besides B including C except D without 23 2013 襄阳 What do you often do classes to relax yourselves We often do eye exercises listen to music or do some running around the school A in B among C between D through 24 2013 孝感 Students shouldn t go to school breakfast It s bad for their health A with B without C for D by 25 2013 广州 I couldn t do it your great help Thanks a lot A with B without C for D to 2 介词填空介词填空 1 Could you tell me something UFOs I am really interested in it 2 I go to school eight o clock 3 Gina s father is forty years old 4 I can help you math 5 The picture is the wall 6 The windows are the wall 7 Many students do homework pens 8 My birthday is February 15th 9 Children s Day is June 10 What s this Japanese 11 Please come and see at our store yourself 12 Many books are the bookcase 13 A set of keys is the drawer 14 My mirror 镜子 is the dresser 15 My shoes are the bed 16 Tom usually plays ping pong two hours 17 B is A C 18 I go to school a backpack 19 Please bring some books school 20 We sell these bags sports 5 21 I buy two pairs of shoes 50 22 He often plays computer games the evening 23 They usually play basketball Saturday morning 24 This boy is the tree It s very dangerous 危险 25 There are many pears the tree 26 Here is a photo my family 27 This is the map China 28 The bank doesn t open Sunday 29 My parents usually go to the park supper 30 We have socks all colors 31 Thanks your letter 32 My father is strict me my study 33 I eat an egg breakfast 34 He often does his homework home 35 The bank of China is front of the post office 36 He usually watches football game TV 37 I really want go to the USA 38 I like coffee milk 39 It s not polite to talk girl s age 40 It is very far 远 China America 三 阅读练习三 阅读练习 完形填空 共 1 5 小题 每小题 l 分 满分 15 分 阅读短文 掌握其大意 然后从 A B C D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 Do you know that humans have been cleaning their teeth for over 7 000 years According to the BBC the Ancient Egyptians used a type of toothpaste 牙膏 21 it is believed that the Egyptians used a finger 22 a toothbrush to clean their teeth Chinese people may have 23 the first toothbrush around 1 600 BC Your toothbrush however may have also become 24 Because it is now possible to clean our teeth 25 using our hands Two Canadians Adel Elseri and Said Fayad have invented 26 called T2T or tongue to teeth Elseri says he came up with the idea 27 he was driving home after a long day at work His 28 is a toothbrush that goes onto your tongue 舌 T2T has special edges 边缘 and toothpaste So just 29 your tongue over your teeth and it cleans your teeth just like a toothbrush 30 It will make your breath fresh too Elseri and Fayad made this hand free toothbrush because they believed it was a 31 way for someone to brush their teeth But people can only use the T2T 32 Would you use the tongue to teeth The Huffington Post in the US 33 readers what they thought Sixty one percent said that they would use it while only thirty nine percent said they 34 Personally I think I m going to stick to 坚持用 the 35 21 A So B Then C But D Or 22 A instead of B because of C more than D less than 23 A discovered B develop C built D developed 24 A science B history C problem D secret 25 A by B from C without D for 26 A nothing B everything C anything D something 27 A until B when C since D though 28 A idea B story C word D plan 29 A hold B pull C move D check 30 A is B does C was D did 31 A healthier B easier C harder D longer 32 A again B soon C once D already 33 A told B asked C warned D advised 34 A shouldn t B should C wouldn t D would 35 A finger B toothbrush C mouth D tongue British tennis player Andy Murray waited seven years before he could realize his Grand Slam 大满贯 dream On September11 2012 Murray beat defending champion 卫冕冠军 Novak Djokovic in the US Open final The 25 year old finally won his first ever Grand Slam trophy 奖杯 since he turned professional 职业的 in 2005 It was a close match that lasted four hours and 54 minutes The two are good friends and Djokovic is only seven days younger Djokovic has won five titles 冠军 while Murray was the runner up in his last four Grand Slam finals Would he be able to win a grand slam the fifth time of asking Even Murray himself was not sure I was still doubting 怀疑 myself right up to a few minutes before going on to play the match I have been in this position many times and not tried hard to get through he told the Daily Mail after his victory But he did not think about his past disappointment 失望 too much Instead he fought through 1 think just proving myself is probably the most pleasing part about this match he said The victory comes four weeks after Murray won a gold at