高中英语 Book 5-U3-重点词汇讲解 牛津版必修5

1 牛津高中资源库之词汇设计牛津高中资源库之词汇设计 单 元 Unit 3 Science Versus Nature 板 块 词汇 1 Science is developing so fast that it is beyond our imagination 科学发展迅速 超乎人的想象 beyond 1 超出 的范围 不可能 He survived the accident but his car was damaged beyond repair 他从事故中幸存了下来 但他的车坏得不能 修了 His thoughtlessness is just beyond belief 他自私得令人难以置信 I m afraid physics is totally beyond me meaning that something is too difficult 恐怕我根本学不好物理 2 在 时间 地点 之外 In the distance beyond the river was a small town 在远处 河对岸 有一个小城 The ban has been extended beyond 2006 这条禁令已经延长到了 2006 年后 3 其它相关词组 beyond one s understanding 超出某人的理解能力 不能理解 beyond one s reach out of one s reach 够不着 2 On the one hand some scientists point out that On the other hand a real life Frankenstein s monster 一 方面 一些科学家指出 如果你克隆了胚胎 你就可以制造出有价值的组织和器官 挽救人类生命 另 一方面 包括一些科学家在内的许多人担心 如果人类以这样的方式干涉自然 也许在不久的将来会制 造出正式版的佛兰肯斯坦的魔鬼 1 on the one hand on the other hand 一方面 另一方面 一方面 而 常用来引出两种不同的观点 重点常在后一种观点 On the one hand I d like a job which pays more but on the other hand I enjoy the work I m doing at the moment 一方面我希望得到报酬高的工作 但另一方面我又很喜欢手头这件工作 I d like to eat out but on the other hand I should be trying to save money 我想出去吃 可 另一方面 我又该 努力省钱 2 point out 指出 后接名词或宾语从句 He was always very keen to point out my mistakes 他总是迫不及待要指出我的错误 Some economists have pointed out that low inflation is not necessarily a good thing 一些经济学家指出低通涨 不一定就是好事 I feel I should point out how dangerous it is 我觉得我应该指出 情况 是多么危险 3 fear 害怕 担心 Police fear that there may be further terrorist attacks 警方担心还会有新的恐怖袭击 I fear that there s little more we can do 恐怕我们无能为力了 I fear so not 恐怕如此 并非如此 4 on their way to producing a real life Frankenstein s monster 他们也许 接近造出真实版的佛兰肯斯坦 怪物了 on one s the way to something 快要 将 close to doing something I m well on the way to completing the report 我就快把报告写好了 More changes are on the way 更多的变化就要发生了 3 However in general the scientists were praised for their wonderful scientific breakthrough 但是总的来说科 2 学家们还是因为他们的科学突破而受到赞扬 1 in general 一般 总的来说 usually in most situations 总体上 considering things as a whole 例如 In general men are taller than women 一般来说男人比女人高 I don t particularly hate anything I just have a feeling of dissatisfaction with life in general 我并不特别恨什么 我只是对生活总体上有 点 不满的感觉 2 praise 表扬 赞扬 常和介词 for 连用 The mayor praised the rescue team for their courage 市长赞扬了救援队的勇气 He was highly praised for his research on cloning 他因为在克隆方面的研究受到高度赞扬 4 Although he researches cloning his intention has never been to create copies of humans 尽管他研究克隆 但从没打算克隆人 Some people consider that cloning human embryos with the intention of destroying them shows no respect for human life 有些人认为 为了最终摧毁的目的而克隆人体胚胎是对生命的不尊重 1 上两句都用到名词 intention Intention intend 的名词形式 后面常用动词不定式做表语或定语 类似 用法的词还有 aim ambition duty hope idea intention mistake plan purpose suggestion 等 例如 His aim is to create new tissues and organs 他的目的是造出新的 人体 组织和器官 Your mistake was not to write that letter 你的错是没有写那封信 2 with the intention of 带着 怀着 的意图 为了 例如 He decided to find a host family with the intention of improving his English 他决定找一家寄养家庭住 以提高自己的英语 注意 不可以说 with the intention to do something 同样 也不可以说 have the intention to do something 3 show respect for 尊重 也可以说 have respect for 例如 She complained that young people today show have no respect for law 她抱怨说现在的年轻人对不尊重法律 The boy showed a complete lack of respect for authority 这位男孩对权威缺乏最起码的尊重 5 He thinks research efforts should concentrate on creating new tissues and organs that could eventually be used to cure diseases like cancer 他认为研究应该专注于制造新的组织和器官 最终用以治疗像癌症那样的疾病 concentrate 集中 精神 注意 努力等 常与介词 on 连用 I can t concentrate on my work with all that noise 这么吵 我根本不能专注于工作 The company is concentrating its resources on developing new products 这家公司正集中其资源于开发新产 品 6 I am desperate to have a child of my own 我渴望有自己的孩子 1 desperate 不顾后果的 亡命的 孤注一掷的 严重的 渴望的 本句中是 渴望的 意思 后接介词 for 或动词不定式 例如 He is desperate for a job He is desperate to get a job 他渴望获得一份工作 其它意思举例如下 The situation is desperate we have no food little water and no medical supplies 情况是绝望的 我们没有食 物 只剩一点点水 也没有药品 绝望 They are making a desperate effort to save the child 他们在为挽救那个小孩尽最后的努力 孤注一掷 2 of one s own 某人 自己的 one s own a place of my own my own place 自己的地方 家 注意比较 all on one s own 单独地 独力地 The old man lives on his own 那老人独自住 7 I don t want to adopt someone else s child 我不愿意领养别人的孩子 3 1 adopt 除了 领养 外 还有 采用 的意思 如 I adopted their method of making the machine 我采用了他们制造机器的方法 The new approach of teaching has been adopted in many schools 这种新的教学方法已经被许多学校采用 2 someone else s 注意 s 要加在 else 上 This is not mine It must be someone else s Who else s can it be 8 China has succeeded in producing clones of cows and goats and continues to research ways in which cloning can benefit mankind 中国已经成功地克隆了牛和羊 并在继续研究能使克隆造福人类的方法 1 succeed 成功 常与 in 连用 名词形式是 success 形容词 successful China has succeeded in launching a new positioning satellite 中国成功发射了一颗新的定位卫星 Success results from hard work 成功来自勤奋 The film was a great success 这部电影大获成功 2 benefit 使 受益 a vt 有益于 造福于 This invention will surely benefit the world 这个发明必将造福全世界 They are working together to benefit the whole community 他们在共同努力造福全社区 b vi 获益 得益 常跟 from by Many thousands have benefited from the new treatment 成千上万的人得益于这种新的治疗 手段 比较 The new treatment has benefited many thousands Many manufacturers will benefit by cutting their taxes 许多制造商将从减税中获益 c 也可以作名词 利益 好处 The low income households will get benefit from the new policy 低收入家庭将从新政策中获益 常见搭配有 do benefit to 对 有益 be of benefit to somebody 对 有益或有帮助 for the benefit of 为了 的利益 9 If we interfere with nature we will have to deal with the consequences 如果我们干扰自然 我们将不得不 承担后果 1 interfere a interfere with 短语动词 干扰 影响 指不利影响 Even a low level of noise will interfere with my concentration 哪怕很小的噪音也会干扰我的注意 b interfere in 干涉 干预 This is their problem and I m not going to interfere 这是他们的问题 我不想干预 Interfering in other people s relationships is always a mistake 干涉别人的关系总是错误的 2 consequence 常指不利的 影响 后果 Many believe that poverty is a direct consequence of overpopulation 许多人认为贫穷是人口过多的直接后果 If you insist on eating so much sweet food you ll have to suffer the consequences 如果你坚持吃这么多甜食 你就得承担后果 Many species have died out as a consequence of man s activities 由于人类的活动 许多物种已经灭绝了 常见搭配如 take suffer face deal with the consequences 承担后果 as a consequence of 正式 as a result of 10 The human race is using up Earth s resources 人类正在耗尽地球的资源 1 use up 用完 耗尽 例如 Don t use up all the milk We need some for breakfast 不要把牛奶都用完 我们还需要一些当早饭 4 介词 up 表示 完 尽 结束 完成 之义 类似的还有 eat up 吃完 drink up 喝完 干杯 end up 结束 以 告终 2 结束性 动词的进行时并不是表示 正在进行 而是表示 就要 快要 的意思 一些表示 位 置移动 go come leave 的动词也有类似用法 The old goat is dying 那头老山羊快要断气了 I m finishing off soon 我快完工了 另外 表示 变化 become get grow 的动词的进行时则常常表示 逐渐 之意 It s g