高考英语 第五章 连系动词知识精讲

1 连系动词连系动词 知识精讲知识精讲 连系动词本身有一定的词义 但不能独立作谓语 必须与表语一起构成谓语 表语通常由 名词 形容词 或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当 说明主语是什么或怎么样 多数连 系动词一般只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态变化形式 没有其他时态变化形式 同时也 没有被动语态 例如 Be careful when you cross this very busy street If not you may get run over by a car He turned red with anger Peter s face went pale The soldier stands still every day 二 分类 1 最常用连系动词 be 时态和人称变化 am is was are were 是 2 表状态变化的系动词 become come fall get grow go make run turn 变成 成为 注意注意 在英语中 表变化的这类系动词 它们有各种时态变化 例如 It is becoming colder and colder The food has gone bad Things are getting worse 3 表感觉特征的 感官动词 look 看起来 feel 摸上去 smell 闻起来 taste 尝起来 sound 听起来 等 例如 The story sounds true Those oranges taste good 其中必须注意到它们本身也用作实义动词 要比较 关注它们的用法 例如 He looked sadly at the picture She looked sad after hearing the news Tom tasted the food and it tasted good 4 表状态保持的系动词 remain 依然 keep 保持 stay 保持 continue 继续 仍旧 stand 处 于某状况或情形 rise 升起 lie 躺 等 例如 Why don t you put the meat in the fridge It will stay fresh for several days It s already ten in the morning The store remains closed What s the matter Much remains to be done The sun rose red While taking a photo please stand still 5 表 像 系动词 seem appear 表达 看起来像 似乎 好像 之意 这两个动词有一个共同的特点 即如果要表达时态的变化 需要后接不定时来完成 例如 He seemed to have caught cold When Father came in Tom seemed to be eating something 可转换为另一句型 It seemed that he had caught cold When Father came in it seemed that Tom was eating something 6 终止系动词 prove turn out 表达 证实 证明 结果为 之意 例如 He proved to be right The experiment turned out successful 三 注意事项 1 一般情况下 连系动词主要跟形容词或分词作表语 一些连系动词也能跟名词作表语 常 2 见的有 be become appear seem prove remain grow 和 turn 等 需注意的是 become 和 turn 后 接表职业的名词时冠词的有无 例如 Twenty years later he turned teacher 试比较 Twenty years later he became a teacher The population growth in China remains a problem He is growing an old man The experiment proved a success 2 连系动词也可跟不定式 to do to be 常见的有 appear seem remain prove look 等 例如 Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple but it remains to be seen whether they will enjoy it On the long journey Peter proved to be a most interesting guide We all had a wonderful time 3 be 动词可接介词短语作表语 例如 It s of no importance My grandmother isn t with us now be 动词可接表示地方的副词和小品词作表语 例如 He is here there home in out away off up down back upstairs abroad outside near School is over 4 一些连系动词能介词 like 短语作表语 常见的有 look taste smell sound feel 等 例如 It looks like rain It tastes like some kind of oil It smells like rotten meat His voice sounds like yours 5 一些连系动词能跟 as if 引导的从句作表语 常见的有 be look feel seem sound 等作表语 例如 It isn t as if he were ill It looks as if it s going to rain It seems as if she was ill It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door 6 一些连系动词能跟 that 引导的从句作表语 常见的有 be seem appear 等 例如 The reason is that we are behind others in science It seems that something is wrong It appears to me that he is rich 7 部分连系动词的习惯搭配 1 go 习惯与 mad bad dry blind crazy deaf hungry 连用 一般指事情向消极 不好的方 面转化 例如 Meat soon goes bad in hot weather 2 come 习惯与 right natural alive true 连用 例如 Everything will come right in the end At last his dream came true 3 run 习惯与 dry low high short wild 连用 例如 All the pools have run dry The gas has run short 4 fall 习惯与 ill asleep 连用 例如 3 The baby fell asleep John fell ill 真题演练真题演练 1 The water cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise 2006 年 全国 I A was felt B is felt C felt D feels 解析 C 本题考查动词的时态语态的正确选用 根据时间状语从句提供的语境判断应 使用过去时 feel 在此是表示感觉的连系动词 无被动语态 2 Emergency line operators must always calm and make sure that they get all the information they need to send help 2007 年 湖北 A grow B appearC becomeD stay 解析 D stay 表示状态保持不变 3 My parents have always made me about myself even when I was twelve 2007 年 江苏 A feeling wellB feeling goodC feel wellD feel good 解析 D make 后跟省略 to 的不定式 且连系动词后跟形容词作表语 3 He pale at the thought A got B looked C turned D seemed 解析 C 根据语境只能使用 tu