高中英语辅导班辅导材料.doc

. 高中英语辅导材料辅导一：简单句的六种基本句式:句式1：主语谓语(不及物动词)特点：短小精悍，表意简练，需用不及物动词或相当于不及物动词的动词短语作谓语。My father _ in Beijing last year. 去年我父亲在北京工作.The gas has _ _.煤气用完了。 注意：该句式的谓语多为不及物动词或相当于不及物动词的短语，因此没有被动语态，如下面的句子：Great changes have taken place in the past 30 years in China.不可说：Great changes have been taken place in the past 30 years in China.句式2：主语系动词表语特点：句子简单，侧重说明主语是什么或怎么样；谓语动词需用系动词；表语多为形容词，也可为名词、介词短语、不定式及分词等。系动词分类:状态类： be表像类： seem appear感官类： feel look sound smell taste变化类： become come go get grow run turn fall持续类： remain continue stay keepAll these dictionaries _ a great help to me. 所有这些词典都对我帮助很大。He always _silent at the meeting. 他开会是总是保持沉默。This kind of cloth _ very soft. 这种布手感很软He _ mad after that. 自那之后，他疯了。Her ideal has come _.她的理想实现了。注意: 连系动词后面一般不接副词作表语，如：The apple tastes well.() 要说：The apple tastes good.He looked sadly.() 要说：He looked sad.句式3：主语谓语(及物动词)宾语特点：此句式的共同特点是谓语动词都是及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。They will _ _ next year. 他们明年将种植三千棵树.Some of the students are always longing for _.有些学生总是渴望着放假。注意：该句式的谓语动词要用及物动词。如果是不及物动词，后面一定要跟介词构成及物词组，如：He is listening to music.他正在听音乐。句式4：主语谓语(及物动词)间接宾语直接宾语特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。Last month my mum bought _ _ _.我妈妈上个月给我买了台电脑That gentleman told us _ _ _.那位绅士给我们讲了个有趣的故事。句式5：主语谓语(及物动词)宾语宾语补足语（n./adj./adv./-ing/v-pp/to do）特点：该句式中动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来说明宾语，才能使意思完整。宾语补足语用来补充、说明宾语的情况。I found him out. 我发现他出去了。They painted the door white. 他们把门粉刷成白色。He asked me to telephone him after 10 oclock. 他叫我十点后给他打电话。When I came in, I found him _a letter. 我进来时，发现他正在写信。句式6：There be /lives/stands/happens/must be 句型我家房前有棵树。There is a tree in front of my house.昨天发生了一件不愉快的事。There _ an unhappy thing yesterday.远处有座高楼。There stands a high building in the distance.会议室里有一些客人在讲话. There are some people _ in the meeting room.下周将举行运动会。There will be a sports meet next week.灯还亮着，办公室里一定有人。The light is on, so there _ _ someone in the office.辅导二 ：英语学习中常见的几种基本句型1 我感到有一点累。I _ a bit _. 2 我妹妹是在农村长大的。My sister _ _in the countryside.3 他因为车子开得太快而违反了交通规则。He _ _ _ _ because he drove fast.4 他总是把他的卧室收拾得干干净净。He always keeps _ _ _.5 去年这个地区雨水很少. _ _ a little rain in this area last year.句型1：感叹句(what/how+adj/adv+主语+谓语!)多好的消息啊！_ _ _ it is!_ _ the news is!多漂亮的衣服啊！_ _ _ _ it is!_ _ the dress is!瞧！那辆车开得多快！Look! _ _ the car is running!句型2：祈使句+ and/or/otherwise + 简单句再试一下，你就会成功的。_ _ _ youll succeed.抓住这次机会，否则你会后悔的。_ the chance ,_you will regret.保持安静，你就不会被人发现。_ quiet _ you wont be found.努力找到好点的方法，你就会取得更大进步。_ to find a better way _ you will make greater progress.句型3：简单句+and/but/so/for/while +简单句他病了，但还是像往常一样去上学了。He was ill, _ he went to school as usual.汤姆很穷，而他的弟弟很富。Tom was poor _ his brother was rather rich.他丢了工作，因此心情不好。He lost his job,_ he was depressed.我们花了好久才到那儿，因为路程太远了。It took us long to get there,_ it was too far.句型4：It作形式主语的句型（1）It is/was +adj./n.+to do/doing/that-clause帮助学生是老师的责任。_ _ _ _ _help students.我们很难说服他戒烟。_ _ _ for us _ persuade him to give up smoking.把这件事告诉他没用。_ _ no use _ him about it.他竟然拒绝了邀请，真让人惊讶。_ _ astonishing _ he should refuse the invitation.同他谈那件事是浪费时间。_ _ a waste of time _ with him about it.我们有必要采取措施。_ _ necessary _ we should take measures._ _ necessary _ _ _ take measures.我们乘火车很方便。_ _ convenient for us_ take trains句型5：it作形式主语（2）Examples:It took him nine years master English. 他花了九年时间掌握英语It appeared that he had a taste for music. 看来他对音乐有一定的鉴赏力It is said that Li Hao has been to Europe. 据说李郝去过欧洲.It remains unknown when they are going to get married. 他们何时结婚依然不明使他改掉坏习惯将花两个月。It _ _ _ two months _ get him out of the bad habit.你要完成这项工作需要很大耐心。It _ great patience _ _ _ finish the job. 据报道美国总统将访华。_ _ _ _ the US president would visit china.看来似乎要下雪了。_ _ _ it will snow.会议是否明天举行还没有决定。_ _ _ decided _ the meeting will be held tomorrow.句型6：it作形式宾语I find _important _learn spoken English. 我觉得学习英语口语很重要You may think _ strange that anyone would live there. 你可能会认为有人会住在这里很奇怪We consider_ necessary _we should review our lessons every evening. 我们认为每天晚上复习功课是有必要的Students thought _a waste of time sitting there to wait for the result. 学生们认为坐着等结果是浪费时间Exercises:他感到奇怪，每个人都盯着他看。He _ _ strange _ everyone was staring at him.我觉得和朋友争吵毫无益处I _ _ no good _ with friends.他们发现他们不可能按时到达They_ _ impossible _ _ _ arrive on time.她明确表示她喜欢喝咖啡he _ _ clear _ she preferred to drink coffee.句型7：强调句(1) It is/ was + 被强调部分（主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（人）+ 其他部分Eg: It was in the classroom that I found the lost watch. 正是在教室我找到了我丢失的手表Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping? 他是昨天遇到李平的吗？It was not until I lost the chance to go abroad that I realized the importance of English. 直到我失去出国的机会我才意识到英语的重要性Exercises:1 他是两点到家的。_ _ _ _ _ he arrived home2 我是在回家的路上被人抢了钱包。_ _ _ _ _ _ _ I was robbed of my wallet.3 直到我又一次失败了，我才相信父母的话。_ _ _ _I failed once more _ I believed my parents.4. It was _ he said _ disappointed me.句型8强调句(2): 用助动词“do（does/did）+动词原形”来表示强调Eg: 1.Do write to me when you get there 当你到那时一定记得给我写信2. Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！ 2. He does work hard and finish the job in time. 他的确很努力并及时的完成工作Exercises:昨天我真的是步行上学Yesterday I _ go to school on foot.一定来参加我的生日宴会_ _ to join in my birthday party.Exercises: 巩固练习.工人们干活多努力啊！（hard, workers, how, the, are working）_.故事多有趣啊！(what/how, it is, story, a/an/ interesting)_3. 直到九点他才起床。_5. 因为缺钱他才辍学_ _ because of lack of money _ he dropped out of school.6. 在公共场所大声讲话是不礼貌的。_ _ impolite _ talk loudly in public places.7. 吃太多巧克力没什么好处It is no good _ too much chocolate.8. 很遗憾我没有早点想到这事。_ _ _ _ _ I didnt think of it earlier9. _ _ _ _ free medical care will be given to most people in our city. 我们城市的多数人将享受免费医疗，这是一定的。10. 人们相信他将被重点大学录取.11. _ _ _ _ he will be admitted to the key university.11. 我突然想起我可以向警方求助._ occurred to me _ I should ask the police for help.12. 我们认为水在餐馆里免费饮用是理所当然的.We take _ for granted _ water is free at restaurant.13. 手机使我们更容易相互联系。Cellphones make _ _ _ _ _ keep in touch with each other.14. 据说他上个月订婚了。_ _ _ _he got engaged last month.15. I do every single bit of housework _ my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.16. _ our earth, or else it will be no longer fit for us to live on.（protect）17. It must have rained last night, _the ground is wet.18. Im not feeling very well today - _ I would do it myself.19. - English has a large vocabulary, hasnt it? - Yes. _ more words and you will find it easier to read and write.(know)20. I thought wed be late for the concert, _ we managed to get there ahead of time.辅导三：动词的各种时态：一般现在时（_）I _ home for school at 7 every morning. 我每天早晨7点离开家去学校Shanghai _ in the east of China：上海位于中国的东部When I _, Ill go to countryside. 毕业后我要去乡下。一般过去时（_）Where _ you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了When I_ a child, I often _ football in the street.我是个孩子的时候，常在马路上踢足球一般将来时（_）Which paragraph _ I read first：我应该先读哪一段？We _ have a meeting today. 我们今天要开个会现在进行时（_）We _ for you. 我们正在等你。Mr. Green _ another novel. 他在写另一部小说。You _ always _ your mind. 你老是改变主意。.过去进行时（_）My brother fell while he _ his bicycle and hurt himself. 我兄弟骑车时摔了下来，受了伤。It _ when they left the station. 他们离开车站时，正下着雨。When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun _. 我到达山顶时，阳光灿烂。将来进行时（_）Please dont call me between 8:00 and 10:00 tomorrow. I _ my classes then.明天8点到10点之间请不要给我打电话，我那时正在上课。The minister _a speech on international affairs this time next day.隔天的这个时候部长将就国际事务发表演讲。When he comes to my house tomorrow, I think I_ the report then.当他明天来找我时，我想我那时正在写报告现在完成时（_）_ they _ the missing child yet? 他们找到失踪的孩子了吗？ He _ from the city.他已离开这个城市。Someone _ the window.有人把窗户打破了。He _ for us ever since he left school.他离开学校以后就一直为我们工作。He _ since last week.自上个星期以来他一直很忙。过去完成时（_）I _ reading the novel by nine oclock last night. 到昨晚9点钟，我已经读完这本小说。She found the key that she _.她发现她失去了的钥匙。When I woke up, it _ already _ raining.我醒来时雨已停了I didnt know a thing about the verbs, for I _ my lesson.我对动词一无所知，因为我没有好好学习功课过去将来时（_）He said he _ to see me.他说他要来看我Last Sunday we _ the Great Wall, but it rained. 上星期天我们本想去游览长城的，但却下雨了。现在完成进行时基本构成: _（一）表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去。I _ English since three years ago.自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。（动作还将继续下去）（二）表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作。We _for you for half an hour.我们已经等你半个钟头了(人还没到，如同在电话里说的，还会继续等)-Have you thought of the topic for the composition? 你想好了作文的主题了吗？-Not yet. I _ it very carefully, but I _ 还没有，我一直在考虑着，还没决定。二、 一般将来时的几种表达方式一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用, 一般将来时的表示方法有多种形式:1. be going to动词原形结构的用法(1)这种结构表示主体现在的意图，即打算在最近或将来要做某事，主语通常指人。在被动结构中，主语也可指物，但动作的执行者仍然是人。例如： A. What _ do next Sunday? 下星期天你打算干什么？ B. She_ be a teacher. 她打算当一名教师。 C. The wall _ brushed white . 这面墙将刷成白色。 (2)表示说话人根据已有的迹象认为很可能即将发生某事。这时主语既可指人也可指物，此结构往往表示客观事态的发展，而不是表示主观的意图。例如： A. Look at these black clouds . It_ rain. 看这些乌云。天快要下雨了。 B. Im afraid I_ a bad cold. 恐怕我要得重感冒。2. will / shall动词原形结构的用法 这种结构是表示将来的动作或状态。常伴有表示将来的时间状语。shall用于第一人称，will用于第一二、三人称，但在现代英语中will可以通用于各种人称。在问句中shall常用于第一人称表示建议或征求对方意见。例如： A. I _ you a letter next month. 我下个月给你写信。 B. I _ to my home town next week. 我下周去老家。 C. _we go to the park? 我们去公园好吗？如果条件从句表示将来发生的动作或状态，主句中常用will，而条件从句中则用一般现在时表示。例如： If you _ to England, you will like the food there . 如果你去英国的话，你将会喜欢那儿的食物。3. be about动词不定式结构的用法 这种结构表示“最近或马上要发生的动作”。例如： A. The meeting _ begin. 会议马上开始。 B. I_saywhenyouinterruptedme我正要张口说话这时你打断了我4. bev. ing结构的用法 这种结构表示按计划即将发生的动作，用进行时形式表示将来的时间，但只适用于表示位置移动的动词。例如：go , come , leave , start , arrive , move , return , fly (乘飞机)等，并常伴有表示将来时间的状语以区别于进行时的动作。例如： A. When _ you _ for your city? 你何时动身回去？ B. The Greens _ to another city the day after tomorrow. 格林一家后天要搬迁到另一个城市。 C. Mr . Li _ to Shanghai tomorrow morning. 李先生明天早晨乘飞机去上海。 5. 用一般现在时表示将来的时间的用法一般适用于表示位置转移的动词, come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时表将来表示根据规定或时间表上预计要发生的动作或事态。A. The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. B. When does the bus go? It _ in ten minutes. C. School _ on September 1 . 学校9月1日开学。D. Here _ the bus. = The bus is coming.E. You will miss the train unless you_at once. 如果不马上出发，你会错过火车的Exercises 巩固练习：1Hardly _ she (get) home when it began to rain.2By the time I graduated from high school, I _ (learn) five thousand English words.3If the train _ (delay), we will have to wait at the station.4Ill give him the note as soon as he _(come) back.5The flight _(take) off at 8：30. We have to get to the airport before eight.