Unit3__语法杨

-ing形式作定语,宾语补足语和表语的用法,Theingformastheattributive,predicativeandobjectcomplement,Unit3语法精讲,1、-ing形式作表语-ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，动名词用来泛指某种动作或行为，现在分词做表语表示主语的特征，性质，状态。以说明主语的具体内容(身份、性质或情况)。如：Herhobbyispainting.动名词她的业余爱好是画画。Hiswordsareencouraging.他的话很鼓舞人。,2、-ing形式作定语1).动名词做定语说明被修饰名词的作用和用途，不表示名词本生的动作，可改写成FOR的短语如：buildingmaterials=materialsforbuilding建筑材料drinkingwater=waterfordrinking饮用水areadingroom=aroomforreading阅览室,2).现在分词做定语用来表示正在进行的动作，与所修饰的名词具有逻辑上的主谓关系，即现在分词相当于所修饰名词的谓语如：正在做实验的那个学生是我们的班长。Thestudentmakingtheexperimentisourmonitor.我们能看到冉冉升起的太阳。Wecanseetherisingsun.,1)单个-ing形式作定语时,放在所修饰的名词之前,-ing形式短语作定语时,放在所修饰的名词之后,并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。如：Theylivedinaroomfacingthestreet.=Theylivedinaroomthatfacesthestreet.他们住在一间面朝街的房子。ThemanstandingthereisPetersfather.=ThemanwhoisstandingthereisPetersfather.站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。,Attention,3、-ing形式作宾语补足语1)动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个正在进行的动作或一种状态。如：当我们回到学校时,发现一个陌生人站在大门口。Whenwereturnedtotheschool,wefoundastrangerstandingattheentrance.我发现地板上放着一个包。Ifoundabaglyingontheground.那老板让工人整夜地工作。Thebosskepttheworkersworkingthewholenight.,3).能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词:a.感官动词，常见的有see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,等。如：Wesawalightburninginthewindow.Ifeltsomebodypattingmeontheshoulder.Canyousmellanythingburning?Ashespoke,heobservedeverybodylookingathimcuriously.Listentothebirdssinging.Ididntnoticehimwaiting.,b.使役动词，常见的有have,set,keep,get,catch,leave等。如：Iwonthaveyoudoingthat.Thissetmethinking.Imsorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.Icantgettheclockgoingagain.Youwontcatchmedoingthatagain.,2)V-ing,过去分词，不定式做定语时的区别：Thestudentmakingtheexperimentisourmonitor.Theylivedinaroomfacingthestreet.正在举行的会议非常重要。Themeetingbeingheldnowisveryimportant.昨天举行的会议非常重要。Themeetingheldyesterdayisveryimportant.明天要举行的会议非常重要。Themeetingtobeheldtomorrowisveryimportant.,Attention,1.The_boywaslastseen_nearthebankofthelake.missing;playingB.missing;playC.missed;playedD.missed;toplay解析：missing是形容词，作boy的定语，意思是“失踪的”。waslastseenplaying表示被看见时正在玩。,高考链接,2.MrSmith,_ofthe_speech,startedtoreadanovel.tired;boringB.tiring;boredC.tired;boredD.tiring;boring解析：此题考查现在分词与过去分词的区别。tired,moved,interestedexcited等过去分词叙述的是人的本身感受；tiring,moving,interesting,exciting等现在分词叙述的是某一物或事情给予人的感受。句意为“史密斯先生对这个令人厌烦的讲话感受厌倦了，所以开始读起一本小说来”。,Pleasereadthesentencescarefully,tryingtopickouttheerrorsandthencorrectthem.1.IamlookingforwardtovisitCharlieChaplinMuseuminSwitzerlandnextweek.,visiting,2.ManypeoplestillenjoyseeingCharlieChaplinssilentfilms.3.ThatcartoonpictureshowsCharlieChaplinwatchhimselfwatchingamovie.4.Charliesnonverbalhumoroftenmakespeopleburstingwithlaughter.,watching,burst,5.WeareallfondofCharliesearlyfilms,whichwethinkaremoreinterested.6.ImissedtoseethebeginningofthefilmCityLightstheotherday.7.IwouldntmindtoseeTheGoldRushagainwithyoutonight.8.Charliesjobwasentertainpeople,wasnthe?,interesting,seeing,seeing,entertaining,从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。,1.Dontleavethewater_whileyoubrushyourteeth.A.runB.runningC.beingrunD.torun,2.Johnsbadhabitis_withoutthoroughunderstanding.A.readB.beingreadC.tobereadD.reading,3.TellMarythattheressomeone_forheratthedoor.A.waitingB.waitedC.waitsD.towait,4.The_waitercameuptousandsaid,“Youarewelcome.”A.smilingB.smiledC.smileD.tosmile,5.Aphonecallsenthim_tothehospital.A.hurryB.hurryingC.tohurryD.hurried,6.Doyouknowtheboy_underthebigtree?A.layB.lainC.layingD.lying,7.IcanhardlyimaginePeter_acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.A.sailB.tosailC.sailingD.tohavesailed,8.Therearelotsofplacesofinterest_inourcity.A.needsrepairingB.needingrepairedC.neededrepairingD.needingtoberepaired,9.Thedrunkenhusbandknockedagainstthetableandsentthebowls_inalldirectionsbeforehewassent_byhiswife.A.flying;tosleepB.flying;sleepingC.tofly;tosleepingD.tofly;tosleep,10.Whenwegotbackfromthecinema,wefoundthelamp_butthedoor_.A.beingon;shutB.burning;shuttingC.burning;shutD.on;shutting,11.Asisknowntousall,travelingis_,butweoftenfeel_whenwearebackfromtravels.A.interesting;tiredB.interested;tir