人教八下 U2 SectionA1a-2d.ppt

Unit2Illhelptocleanupthecitypark.,SectionA1a-2d,Warmingup,FreetalkDoyouoftenhelpothers?,Tellussomethingaboutthelasttimeyouhelpedothers.,Doyouwanttobeavolunteer?Howcouldwehelppeople?,Lookatthepictures.Whataretheydoing?,Theyhelptosentfoodtothepoorpeople.,Theyhelptoexaminethehealthconditionoftheold.,Theyhelptocutthehairofthepoor.,Theyhelptocleantheyardsofthecommunity.,Theyhelptokeepthebus-stopclean.,Otherwaysyoucouldhelppeople,Helptheoldtogoacrosstheroad.,Giveyourseattotheold,thechildren,orthewomanwhowillhaveababy.,Maketheoldpeoplewhoarespendingtheirleftlifeintheeldercommunitylaugh.,Anyothers?,1.Whatcanyouseeinthesepictures?,Therearesomepeoplewhoneedhelp.,Wouldyouliketobeapersonwhocanhelpothers?,Wouldyouliketobeapersonwhohastobehelpedbyothers?,Wehaveheardofmanygooddeedsdonebyvolunteersalloverthecountry.Theyaregreat.Theygivepeoplehelpwithouthopeofreward.,2.Howcouldwehelppeople?,Youcouldhelpcleanuptheparks.,Youcouldhelpsickpeopleinthehospital.,Idliketocheerupsickkids.,Languagegoals:Howtoofferhelp.Keysentences:Ihopetoworkoutside.Youcouldhelptocleanupthecityparks.Newvocabularies:cleanup(打扫干净)hunger(饥)homeless(无家的)cheerup(使高兴起来)giveout(分发),cleanupthestreet,cheeruptheelderly,VolunteerDay,giveouttheposters,planttrees,分发,发放,-Idliketohelpothersonvolunteerday.-Youcouldcleanupthestreet.,Lookandsay,A:Idliketoworkoutside.B:Youcouldhelpcleanupthecityparks.,A:Idliketo_.B:Youcould_foodatthefoodbank.,helphomelesspeople,giveout,A:Idliketo_.B:Youcould_theminthehospital.,cheerupsickkids,visit,Whatelsecouldwedotohelppeople?,helpchildrenwiththeirschoolwork.visittheoldinanoldpeopleshome.helpwatchthetraffic.giveouroldbooksto“HopeSchool”.,IdliketoIhopetoIcouldIvolunteerto,.,1a.Lhepicture.Thenlistotherways.,Otherwaysyoucouldhelppeople_,Otherwaysyoucouldhelppeople,Helptheoldtogoacrosstheroad,Giveyourseattotheold,thechildren,orthewomanholdingababy,Maketheoldpeoplewhoarespendingtheirleftlifeintheeldercommunitylaugh,Anyothers?,_,takepartinplantingtrees,callpeopleback,helpprovidemoneyforthepoorstudents,bevolunteersatChina(Taiyuan)InternationalCoal&EnergyNewIndustryExposition,GuessingGame,Howwouldtheyliketohelppeople?,IdliketohelpkidswiththeirEnglish.,Idliketogiveoutfoodtothepoorpeople.,Idliketocleanupthecitypark.,Idliketoputupsigns/notices.,Idliketohandoutadvertisements.,Idliketogiveahandinanoldpeopleshome！,1b.Listenandnumberthewaystheboyandgirlcouldhelpothers.,_Thegirlcouldvisitthesickkidsinthehospitaltocheerthemup._Theboycouldgiveoutfoodatthefoodbank._Thegirlcouldvolunteerinanafter-schoolstudyprogramtoteachkids._Theboycouldhelptocleanupthecityparks.,1,2,3,4,giveoutcheerupcleanupvolunteer,分发，派发,使振奋、高兴,打扫干净,动词,志愿效劳、主动贡献,NewPhrases,A:Ihopetoworkoutside.B:Youcouldgiveoutfoodatthefoodbanktohelpfeedthem.,1c.Pairwork,2a.AgroupofstudentsareplanningaCityParkClean-UpDay.Listenandcheckthethingstheyaregoingtotellpeopleaboutit.,1.Weneedto_aplantotellpeopleaboutthecityparkclean-up.2.Clean-upDayisonlytwoweeksfromnow.Wecant_makingaplan.3.Wecould_signs.4.Letsmakesomenotices,too.ThenIll_them_afterschool.5.Wecouldeach_10studentsandaskthemtocome.,putoff,putup,handout,callup,comeupwith,2b.Listenagainandfillintheblanks.,Doyouknowtheirmeanings?,comeupwith,putoff,putup,handout,writedown,callup,towritesomethingonthepaper,togivemanypeoplesomething,usuallyonthestreet.,tothinkofsomeideas,toaskmanypeopletodosomething,tomakesomethingdonelater,toraisesomething,A:WeneedtocomeupwithaplanfortheCityParkClean-UpDay.B:Letshavelunchfirst.A:No,weneedtostartnow.Clean-UpDayisonlytwoweeksfromnow.,2c.Makeaconversationusingtheinformationin2aand2b.,2d.Role-playtheconversation.,Helen:Hi,Tom.ImmakingsomeplanstoworkinanoldpeopleshomethissummerTom:Really?Ididthatlastsummer!Helen:Oh,whatdidtheyaskyoutohelpoutwith?Tom:Mmthingslikereadingthenewspapertotheoldpeople,orjusttalkingtothem.Theytoldmestoriesaboutthepastandhowthingsusedtobe.,Helen:Thatsoundsinteresting.Tom:Yeah,alotofoldpeoplearelonely.WeshouldlistentothemandcareforthemHelen:Youreright.Imean,wereallgoingtobeoldoneday,too.,Explanation,1.Youcouldhelpcleanupthecitypark.help(to)do“帮助做”。例如：Teacherscriticismshelpimproveourstudy.helpdo和helpdoinghelp后接不定式，可带to,也可不带to。help后可接动名词，但与helpdo的意思完全不同。helpdoing常用于否定句，与cannot连用，构成cannothelpdoing,表示“不禁；禁不住；不得不”的意思，相当于cantbutdo.e.g.Icanthelpthinkingso.,2.Weneedtocomeupwithaplan.(1)need用作实义动词，有“必要”、“必需”之意，有人称、数和时态的变化，可以接名词、代词、动名词或带to的动词不定式作宾语，构成疑问句和否定句时要借助于助动词。e.g.Doyouneedtoseehimyourself?,(2)need用作情态动词,意为“必须”、“必要”，没有人称、数的变化，后接不带to的动词不定式。通常用于疑问句和否定句中，构成疑问句和否定句时，不需要使用助动词。e.g.Needyougototheparkwithyourclassmate?,(3)由need引出的疑问句，答语表肯定时用must或haveto；表示否定时用neednt或donthaveto。例如：A:NeedIcometoworktomorrow?B:Yes,youmust/haveto.,3.Wecouldputupsigns.sign是名词，具体用法如下：(1)“标牌，招牌”。例如：thesignofbarbersshop(2)“记号，符号”。(3)“示意动作”。例如：Theteachermadeasigntoustobequiet.(4)“迹象，征兆”。例如：Aredskyatsunsetisasignofgoodweather.,3a.Readthearticle.WhatdoMarioandMaryvolunteertodo?,StudentsWhoVolunteerMarioGreenandMaryBrownfromRiversideHighSchoolgiveupseveralhourseachweektohelpothers.Mariolovesanimalsandwantstobeananimaldoctor.HevolunteersatananimalhospitaleverySaturdaymorning.Mariobelievesitcan,helphimtogethisfuturedreamjob.“Itshardwork,”hesays,“butIwanttolearnmoreabouthowtocareforanimals.IgetsuchastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhenIseetheanimalsgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirownersfaces.”Maryisabooklover.Shecouldreadbyherselfattheageoffour.Lastyear,shedecidedtotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.,Shestillworksthereonceaweektohelpkidslearntoread.“Thekidsaresittinginthelibrary,butyoucanseeintheireyesthattheyregoingonadifferentjourneywitheachnewbook.Volunteeringhereisadreamcometrueforme.IcandowhatIlovetodoandhelpothersatthesametime.”,Listenandanswerthequestion:WhatdoMarioandMaryvolunteertodo?,MariovolunteersatananimalhospitaleverySaturdaymorning.Maryvolunteersatanafter-schoolreadingprogram.Andshealsoworksthereonceaweektohelpkidslearntoread.,WhydoMarioandMaryvolunteertohelpothers?2.Whatdotheysayaboutvolunteering?,3b.Readthearticleandanswerthequestionsbelow.,WhydoMarioandMaryvolunteertohelpothers?,Mariovolunteersbecausehelovesanimalsandwantstobeananimaldoctor.Maryvolunteersbecausesheisabooklover.,2.Whatdotheysayaboutvolunteering?,Mariosaysthatvolunteeringisahardwork,buthewantstolearnmoreabouthowtocareforanimals.Hegetssuchastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhenheseestheanimalsgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirownersfaces.Marysaysthatvolunteeringthereisadreamcometrueforher.Shecandowhatshelovestodoandhelpsothersatthesametime.,3c.Useinfinitivestocompletethesentencebelow.,1.Mariowouldlike_ananimaldoctor.2.Marioworksforananimalhospitalbecausehewants_abouthow_foranimals.3.Marydecided_forajobatanafter-schoolreadingprogramlastyear.Shestillworkstherenow_kidslearntoread.4.Maryhasadreamjobbecauseshecandowhatsheloves_.,tobe,tolearn,tocare,tolook,tohelp,todo,1.Youcouldhelptocleanupthecityparks.,1)could是情态动词can的过去式形式，表示过去的能力。它没有人称和数的变化，后面接动词原形。变否定句在could后加not,变一般疑问句把could提前。,这个男孩七岁时就会骑自行车。Theboycouldrideabikewhenhewasseven.,Practise,Languagepoints,【注意】在某些情况下，could并不表示过去，只是表示委婉、客气的语气。其肯定答语用：Sure./Certainly./Allright.等。否定答语用：Sorry./Sorry,Icant.等。A:Couldyoutellmeifheisastudent?你能告诉我他是不是学生吗？B:Sure.当然可以。,【注意】如果在clean和up间加个连字符号，那么，它就是名词了，表示“扫除”。Youmustgiveyourclassroomagoodclean-up.你必须对教室进行彻底地打扫。,2)cleanup是省去to的动词不定式，意为“（把）打扫干净”、“梳理整齐”。,Practise,他必须每天把操场打扫得干干净净。Wemustcleanuptheplaygroundeverymorning.,2.Weneedtocomeupwithaplanfor我们必须想出一个计划。,need是一个常见的动词，表示“需要”之意。它既可以作实义动词，也可以作情态动词。其具体用法如下：,这个人在工作时需要一本英语词典。ThemanneedsanEnglishdictionarywhenheworks.你必需亲自见他吗？Doyouneedtoseehimyourself?,1)need用作实义动词，有“必要”、“必需”之意，有人称、数和时态的变化，可以接名词、代词、动名词或带to的动词不定式作宾语，构成疑问句和否定句时要借助于助动词。,Practise,你必须和你的同学去公园吗？Needyougototheparkwithyourclassmate?他不必花掉这么多钱买这块新手表。Heneedntspendmuchmoneyforthisnewwatch.,2)need用作情态动词，意为“必须”、“必要”，没有人称、数等变化，后接不带to的动词不定式。通常用于疑问句和否定句中，构成疑问句和否定句时，不需要使用助动词。,Practise,A:NeedIcometoworktomorrow?明天我需要来上班吗?B:Yes,youmust/haveto.是的，你必须来。A:NeedIfinishtheworkatonce?我需要马上完成这项工作吗？B:No,youneednt/donthaveto不，不必今天完成。,【注意】由need引出的疑问句，答语表肯定时用must或haveto；表示否定时用neednt或donthaveto。,volunteer作名词，意为“志愿者”。volunteer作动词，意为“义务做；自愿做”。,3.HevolunteersatananimalhospitaleverySaturdaymorning.,Practise,地震后他成了一名志愿者。Hebecameavolunteeraftertheearthquake.她自愿在那个小村庄里教书。Shevolunteeredtoteachinthatsmallvillage.他自愿充当服务生。Hevolunteeredhisserviceasawaiter.,4.andcalledupallhisfriendsandtoldthemabouttheproblem.给他所有的朋友打电话告诉他们他的问题。,这个男孩给你打电话只是为了聊天吗？Didtheboycallyouupjustforachat?,callup表示“给打电话”,后面接指人的单词。,Practise,“给打电话”的常见说法还有:giveacallTheyweregivingtheirteacheracallwhenIgotthere.我到那时，他们正在给他们的老师打电话。ringupDidyouringupyourfatherlastweek?上周你给你的父亲打电话了吗？,givearingDoyouknowwhogaveZhangHuaaringanhourago?你知道一小时前谁给张华打电话了吗?telephone/phone(to)Willyoupleasetelephonetothepoliceman?请你给警察打个电话好吗？telephone/phoneupTelephoneupmeassoonasyouarriveinShanghai.你一到上海就给我打电话。,【注意】callup,ringup和telephone/phoneup等是由“动词+副词”构成的词组，如果它们的宾语是代词，这个词要用在副词之前。,请马上给他打电话。Pleasecallhimupatonce,please!王萍没来，我现在正要给她打电话。WangPingisnthere.Iwanttophoneherupnow.,Practise,5.Theytoldmestoriesaboutthepastandhowthingsusedtobe.他们给我讲过去的生活经历，讲过去是社么样子的。Usetobe表示过去一度存在，但现在已经消失的某一特定情形。作这一用法时，usedto常与Be,have,live,stay,like,love等词语连用，表示“曾经”例如：Sheusedtobeaveryclosefriendofmine.,Useto还可用来表示“过去常常做某事，但现在不那样子了”例如：Heusedtoarrivelatelastyear,butnowhedoesnt.他去年常常迟到，但现在不了。Didyouusetosingwhenyoutookashower?你以前经常在洗澡时唱歌吗？,6.IgetsuchastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhenIseetheanimalsgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirownersfaces.”当我看到动物们病情渐好，看到它们主人脸上喜悦的表情时，我产生那么一种极强的满足感。“get”两次用法不同。第一个get意为“产生，形成”，为及物动词，常与feeling(感觉,情感)，idea（想法，主意）等词搭配使用，例如：Howdidyougetsuchanidea?,第二个get为系动词，后接形容词，表示体质、情绪、天气等方面的变化，通常译作“变为”如：Hegotangrywithmeafterthat.Itsgettinghotternow.,7.Shecouldreadbyherselfattheageoffour.“by+反身代词”表示“独自地；独立的”，常与动词或动词短语连用，作句子的方式状语。e.g.Childrenshouldlearntodothingsbythemselves.孩子们应该学会独立做事。,8.Volunteeringhereisadreamcometrueforme.在这里当志愿者对我来说是梦想成真。此句中adreamcometrue表示梦想成真，是固定搭配，再如：IgotthelatestCDplayerasabirthdaypresentyesterday.Itwasjustadreamcometrue!昨天我收到一份生日礼物，是那种最新的CD播放机，真是梦想成真啦。,volunteer可以为及物动词，意为“自愿献出”；它还可以做不及物动词，意为“自愿”；还可以做名词，意为“志愿者”。例如：Wouldyouliketovolunteeryourmoneytohelphim?Ivolunteertohelpthedisabledpeople.Thesestudentsarevolunteers.,一根据句意和首字母，填写所缺单词。Iamveryh_.Givemesomefood,