初中英语现在完成时讲解-练习及答案

1、精品资料欢迎下载现在完成时一、 考点、热点回顾【词汇辨析】1.be famous for 和 be famous asbe famous for 表示 “因 而出名 ”， for 后接表示出名的原因be famous as 则表示 “以 身份而著名 ”，as 后接职业、身份或地位，表示作为 职业、身份或地位是著名的eg. France is famous for its fine food and wine. 法国以其佳肴和美酒著名。France is famous as a romantic country 法国作为一个浪漫的国家而出名。2.hard 与 hardlyhard adv. “努

2、力地，费力地，辛苦地”,如： He works hard. 他努力工作。hard adj. “努力的，辛苦的 ” ,如：It s a hard work. 这是一项辛苦的工作。hardly 否定副词，意思为 “几乎不 ”，表示否定含义 ,如： He works hardly.他几乎不工作。【固定搭配】 加 -ingbe good at doing sth擅长做某事eg:He is good at playing the piano.mind doing sth 介意做某事eg:Do you mind my opening the door?practice doing sth 练习做某事eg:

3、My sister practices playing the piano every day.stop doing sth 停止做某事eg:The teacher is coming, please stop talking.What/How about doing sth.做某事怎样eg:What about going to the park this weekend?【现在完成时】A. 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。【常用时间状语】recently, lately, since+ 时间点 , for+ 数字 +时间名词 ,

4、 in the past few months/years 等【构成】肯定形式： have/has + done否定形式 ： have/has + not +done一般疑问句 ： have 或 has 放于句首B. 现在完成时的用法1）现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成，而对现在有影响。eg. The car has arrived.车子来了。（结果：车子已在门口）Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。（结果：窗户仍破着）区别： have been to, have gone to, have been inhave been to,表示去过某个地

5、方，不过现在已经回来了have gone to 表示去了，但还没有回来，也许是在去的途中have been in 指的是在某个地方，从过去一直延续到现在例如：你以前去过北京么？例如： A: Is Mr.Wang at home?B: No,he is not in,（他去香港了）精品资料欢迎下载2）现在完成时所表示的动作开始于过去，持续到现在，也许还会持续下去。常用for 和 since 表示一段时间的状语或 so far， now， today， this week (month ， year)等表示包括现在时间在内的状语。 eg. He has studied English for 5

6、years.He has studied English since 2001.Now I have finished the work.注意： 表示短暂时间动作的词，如:come， go， die， marry， buy 等的完成时不能与for， since 等表示一段时间的词连用。用来持续的动作或状态或表过去重复的动作，如live ，study， be， wait 等，常和since（自从）或for（经历）引导的词语连用。如： I have lived here for more than thirty years. 我已在此住了30 多年。由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换：arrive

7、be herebegin(start) be ondie be deadcome back be back leave be awayfall ill(sick, asleep) be ill(sick, asleep)get up be upgo out be outfinish be overput on wear或 be onopen be openjoin be in或 be a member of close be closedgo to school be a studentborrow keepbuy havecatch(a cold) have(a cold)get to kn

8、ow knowbegin to study studycome to work work二、 典型例题（ ）1.When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _ for 20 minutes.A. has leftB. had leftC. has been awayD. had been away（ ）2. I _ the League for 5 years so far.A. joinedB. have joinedC. have been in（ ）3.The factory _ since the February of 1988.A . has

9、been openB. has openedC. was openD. opened（ ）4.Mary and Rose _friends since they met in 2000.A. have madeB. have beenC. madeD. have become（ ）5.You mustn't_ until he comes back.A. be awayB. leaveC. be left（ ）6.The meeting _ for a week now.A. has finishedB. has endedC. has been over（ ）7.Miss Gao _

10、 this school for nearly 5 years.A. has been inB. has come toC. has taught（ ）8.Ben _ a teacher for 4 years.A. has beenB. has becomeC. wasD. became（ ）9. I _ home for a week.A. have returnedB. have been backC. returned（ ）10. How long _ he _ ?A. diedB. has, diedC. has, been dead（ ）11. He _ at eight yest

11、erday afternoon.A. sleptB. was sleepingC. has sleepD. had slept精品资料欢迎下载（）12.He _ the car for a week.A. boughtB. has boughtC. has had（）13.-How long _ you _ ill ?-Two weeks.A. did fallB. have, fellC. have, been（）14.Since 2000, he _ his hometown.A. has leftB. has moved awayC. has been away from（）15.I&#

12、39;ll lend you the book , but you can only _ it for 2 days.A. borrowB. keepC. take（） 1、 Both his parents look sad. Maybe they _what's happened to him.A. knewB. have knownC. must knowD. will know（）2、 He has_ been to Shanghai, has he ?A. alreadyB. neverC. everD. still（）3、 Have you met Mr Li _ ？A.

13、justB. agoC. beforeD. a moment ago（）4、 The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year .A. is writingB. was writingC. wroteD. has written（）5、 Our country _ a lot so far .Yes. I hope it will be even _.A. has changed; wellB. changed; goodC. has changed; betterD. changed; better（）6、 Zhao Lan _alr

14、eady _in this school for two years .A. was; studyingB. will; studyC. has; studiedD. are; studying（）7、 We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .A. knowB. had knownC. have knownD. knew（）8、 Harry Potter is a very nice film. I _ it twice.A. will seeB. have seenC. sawD. see（）9、 These farmers have been t

15、o the United States . Really? When _ there?A. will they goB. did they goC. do they goD. have they gone（）10、 _ you _ your homework yet?Yes. I _ it a moment ago.A.Did; do; finishedB.Have; done; finishedC.Have; done; havefinishedD.will; do; finish（）11、 His father _ the club since 1988.A. joinedB. has j

16、oinedC. was inD. has been in12Do you know her well? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago.A. wereB. have beenC. have becomeD. have made（）13、 How long have you _ here? About seven years.A. beenB. goneC. comeD. arrived精品资料欢迎下载（）14、 Hurry up! The program _ for five minutes .A. has begunB. had begunC.

17、has been onD. began（）15、 It _ ten years since he came Chengdu.A. isB. hasC. willD. was（）16、 Miss Green isn't in the office. She _ to the library.A. has goneB. wentC. will goD. has been（）17、 My parents _ Shandong for ten years .A. have been inB. have been toC. have gone toD. have been（）18、 He _ f

18、or 2 hours.A. got upB. has got upC. has been up（）19、 Tom is ill in hospital. He _ a cold for several days.A. isB. catchesC. has caughtD. has had（）20、 His grandparents _ for more than 9 years.A. has come hereB. has started to workC. has lived thereD. has left the university汉译英 1、 吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。2、 他昨

19、天收到一封信。3、 我父亲以前到过长城。4、 她还没有看过那部新电影。5、 她去过上海。1、现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是B 。2、现在完成时常与already（已经）， just （刚刚，正好） ， ever（曾经），never（从来，也不；从不），before（以前）， yet（仍然）等连用。故2 应选 B 。3、 C4、现在完成时常与recently（近来）， sofar （到目前为止） ， int

20、hepast/“st la+一段时间 ”等时间状语连用。 因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。故4 应选D。5、 C6、现在完成时时常与“ for +时间段或since +过去时间点 ”连用（含从句，从句过去时）。故6 应选C。7、 C8、现在完成时还与once（一次）， twice （两次）， threetimes（三次）， severaltimes（几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用。故8应选 B。9、现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去，但二者又有区别：精品资料欢迎下载一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的