被动语态 (2)

1、被动语态专项练习一、被动语态概述语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用“被”、“受”、“给”等词来表示被动意义。如：They didnt offer Ann the job. （主动语态）Ann wasnt offered the job. （被动语态）安没得到这份工作。二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分

2、不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。三.被动语态常用于以下两种情况：1不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者；2强调动作的承受者。例如：这棵树是那个男孩弄断的。The tree _ _ by that boy四.主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：（1）将主动句的宾语变为主语，如果主动句的宾语是代词，需变为主格。如：（2）将动词改为“be+过去分词”，be与新主语的人称和数一致，时态不变。（3）将主动语态的主语前加by放在谓语动词后，如果原主语是代词，要变为宾格。歌诀是：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。e.gThey held a meeting

3、yesterday. A meeting was held（by them）yesterday. 他们昨天开会了。昨天举行了一个会议。They wont forgive me. I wont be forgiven by them. 他们不会原谅我的。我不会被他们原谅的。五、各种时态的被动语态举例（以动词do为例）1一般现在时（am/ is/ are +done）The classroom is cleaned by the students every day. 学生们每天都打扫教室。2一般过去时(was/ were +done) My bike was stolen last night.

4、 我的自行车昨天被偷了。When was the book introduced to China? 这本书什么时候引入中国的？3一般将来时与过去将来时(will/ shall be +done; would/should be +done) A speech will be given this afternoon. 今天下午有一个演讲。I thought thousands of people would be helped. 我认为将有数千人得到帮助。4现在进行时与过去进行时(am/ is/ are being +done; was/ were being +done) The mach

5、ine was being repaired at this time yesterday. 昨天这时，机器正在被修理。The problem is being discussed now. 问题正在被讨论。A bus is being pushed by the passengers. 路人正在推一辆公共汽车。5现在完成时(have/ has been + done) Two hundred trees have been planted by now. 到现在为止，已经种了二百棵树了。The book has been read many times by me. 这本书已经被我读了许多遍

6、了。Several soldiers have already been killed in the conflict. 在冲突中已经有几名士兵被杀害。6过去完成时(had been+done) They said they had been invited to the party. 他们说已经被邀请参加晚会了。She found the house had been destroyed by the storm. 她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁。He had been tortured by the illness for many years before he died. 他在去世前已经被

7、疾病折磨很多年了。注意:含有情态动词的被动语态情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词；其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，“be+过去分词”部分不变。如：Tables can be made of stone. 桌子可由石头制造。Tables could be made of stone at that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造。（一般过去时）Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗？（疑问句）将主动语态变被动语态应注意几个特殊情况：1含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时，有两种方法：将间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语保持不变；将直接宾语变为主语，

8、间接宾语用介词to或for引导。例如： He told us a story（变被动语态）_或：_ Her mother gave her a new pen（变被动语态）A new pen _ _ _ her by her mother或：She_2短语动词的被动语态：在变为被动语态时，要将短语动词视为一个整体，其后的介词或副词不能省去。例如： This dictionary mustn't _ from the libraryAtake awayBtaken awayCare taken awayDbe taken away She will take good care of t

9、he children（变被动语态）The children will _ _ _ _ _ （by her）3含有复合宾语的主动结构变被动结构时，通常将宾语变为被动句的主语，而宾语补足语就成为主语补足语。注意：省略to的不定式作宾补时，不定式符号to必须补上。例如：Someone saw him swim in Qianling Lake yesterday（变被动He _ _ _ swim in Qianling Lake yesterday4不定式的被动结构：动词不定式的被动语态为“to be 过去分词”。例如：The radio says a wild animal zoo is to

10、_ in our cityAbe buildingBbuildCbe builtDbuilt5以疑问代词开头的疑问句转换成被动句时要注意词序：应将主动句中的疑问代词改为介词by的宾语，但仍然放在句子开头。例如：Who has broken the cup？（改为被动语态）By whom has the cup been broken?或Who/Whom has the cup been broken by?变被动句1. I saw the boy run yesterday. _2. You can find a lot of differences between the two langu

11、ages. _3.He lent a pen to me. _4.She cleans the room in the morning. _4. The wind blew down the big tree last night. _5.They read story books every day._5. He has not thrown the bad food._6. Mother was not mending the trousers._7. They would not take him to Beijing._8. Nobody knew me in this town at

12、 that time._9.We shall discuss the problem at tomorrows meeting._10.He saw a boy play football just now. _11.The teacher made him stand up. _12.Jane often helps me study English. _14.Tom gave us a big surprise yesterday. _14.My mother buys me a cake. _16.People will never forget the accident. _16. D

13、o you water your flowers every day? _17.You must throw the broken pottery away at once._18.The broken pottery _ _ _ _ at once（同义句）19. Where did they grow vegetables？（改为被动语态） Where _ vegetables _ ？20.He told us a story（变被动语态）_21. Her mother gave her a new pen（变被动语态） A new pen _ _ _ her by her mother.

14、22.She will take good care of the children（变被动语态）The children will _ _ _ _ _ （by her）选择（一）( ) 1 .English _ in Canada. A.speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken( ) 2. This English song_ by the girls after class.A .often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung( )3. This kind of

15、car _ in Japan. A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made( ) 4. New computers _ all over the world. A .is used B. are using C. are used D. have use ( ) 5. Our room must _ clean. A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep( ) 6 -I'd like to buy that coat.-I'm sorry. _. A. it sold B. it's s

16、elling C. It's been sold D. it had been sold( ) 7. A new house _ at the corner of the road. A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building( ) 4 The key _ on the table when I left. A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left( ) 5 Doctors _ in every part of the world. A.

17、 need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need( ) 6 His new book_ next month.A. will be published B. is publishing C. is being published D. has been published ( ) 7. Japanese _ in every country. A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking8.These papers_yet. A. have not written

18、B. have not been written C. has not written D. has not been written( ) 9.The sports meet _ be held until next week. A. didn't B. won't C. isn't D. doesn't( ) 10 -My shoes are worn out.A. Can't they be mended? B. Let me have a look at it. C. How much do they cost? D. Can't the

19、y mended?( ) 11. _ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it. A. Does B. Has C. Is D . Are( ) 12._ these desks be needed? A. Will B. Are C. Has D. Do( ) 13. Why _ to talk about it yesterday?A. didn't a meeting hold B. wasn't a meeting held C. wasn't held a meeting D. a meeting wasn

20、9;t held( ) 14. Who was the book_? A. write B. wrote C. written D. written by( ) 15. Where _ these boxes made? A. was B. were C. is D. am( ) 16. The flowers _ often. A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water( ) 17. The books may_ for two weeks. A. be kept B. be borrowed C. ke

21、ep D. borrow( ) 18. The broken bike_ here by Mr Smith. A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can be mend ( ) 19. The old bridge in my hometown_ next month.A. is going to be rebuilt B. will rebuilt C. are going to be rebuiltD. are going to rebuilt( ) 20. The play _ at the theatre next Sunday. A

22、. is going to be shown B. will shown C. will show D. is shown( ) 21. The old stone bridge _ next weekA. is going to be rebuilt B. will be rebuild C. are going to be rebuilt D. will rebuild ( ) 22. Now these magazines_ in the library for a long time.A. have kept B. are keeping C. have been keeping D.

23、 have been kept( ) 23. The pot _ for _ hot water A. used; keeping B. was used; keeping C. is used; to keep D. are used; keep( ) 24. Tea _ in the south of China. A. grows B. is grown C. were grown D. will grow( ) 25. The bridges_ two years ago. A. is built B. built C. were built D. was built( ) 26. W

24、et clothes are often _ up near a fire in rainy weather A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. hung ( ) 27. The river smells terrible. People must _ dirty things into it.A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw D. stop from throwing( ) 28. The teapot _ water A. is filled with B. f

25、illed of C. fulling of D. filled( ) 29. Old people must be looked after well and _ politely. A. speak to B. spoken C. Speak D. spoken to( ) 30. Old people must _. A. look after well B. be looked well after C. looked well after D. be looked after well ( ) 31. Newly-born babies_in hospital.A. are take

26、n good care B. are taken good care of C. take good care of D. take good care( ) 31. They were_ at the sudden noise. A. frightening B. frightened C. frighten D. frightens( ) 32. These walls _ stone. A. are made of B. made of. C. are made into D. made into( ) 33. Jane _ to sing us an American song las

27、t Saturday. A. called B. was asked C. told D. was said( ) 34. The papers _ to them. A. were shown B. show C. shown / D. have shown( ) 35. The coat_her sister. A. made to B. were made for C. was made for D. was made to ( ) 36. I _ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not. A. gave B. was givi

28、ng C. had given D. was given( ) 37. Good care_suchthings . A.should take of B. should be taken C. should be taking D. should be taken of( ) 38. She will_good care_. A. take; of B. be taken; of C. take; for you D. be taken; of you( ) 39. The teacher made him_ his homework. A. to do B. do C. did D. do

29、ne( ) 40. The boy_ streets without pay in the old days.A. was made to clean B. made clean C. made to clean D. was made clean( ) 41. These children_dance. A. were seen to B. were seen for C. were seen D. saw to( ) 42. These stones_well. A. are fitted B. fit C. fits D. is fitted( ) 43. The bike _ 500

30、yuan. A. was cost B. costed C. cost D. is costed( ) 44 The important meeting _ on a cold morning last year. A. was'had B. was held C. held D. had( ) 45. Great changes_ in the past ten years in China.A. took place B. have taken place C. were taking place D. had taken place( )46. You can't use

31、 the computer, it_. A. was broken down B. is wrong C. is bad D. has broken down( ) 47. Great changes_in our country during the past 20 years.A. have happened B. happened C. have been happened D. were happened( ) 48 The watch has often _ down. A. sat B. lain C. broken D. fell( ) 49. Please pass me an

32、other cup. This one_. A. is broken B. is breaking C. broke D. broken( )50. The story books_ by the writer in the 1960s.A. are written B. were written C. are writing D. were writing( ) 51. What time _ the door _ every day? A. does; closed B. does; close C. is; closed D. /; close( ) 52. Can he_ himsel

33、f? A. get dress B. get dressed C. gets dressed D. instead of( ) 53. He fell from his bike and _. A. is hurt B. gets hurt C. got hurt D. Hurt 54. Lookout, please keep away from the fire, or your trousers will_ A. burnt B. burn C. burning D. get burn( ) 55. The apple_very sweet. A. is tasted B. taste

34、C. tastes D. are tasting( ) 56. You_ more beautiful in the light blue shirt. A. see B. watch C. look D. look at( ) 57. What you said _.like a good idea. A. heard B. listened C. sound D. sound ( ) 58. -What do you think of the TV play? -Wonderful. It is worth_ a second time.A. watching B. watched C.

35、seen D. seeing( ) 59. How dirty the tables are! They need_. A. to clean B. clean C. cleaning D. cleaned( ) 60. The book is worth _. A. seeing B. reading C. seen D. re 选择（二）1._ a new library _ in our school last year?A. Is ; built B. Was ; builtC. Does ; build D .Did ; build2.An accident _ on this ro

36、ad last week.A. has been happened B. was happenedC. is happened D. happened3.Cotton _ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grownC .grows D. grow4.So far, the moon _ by man already.A. is visited B. will be visitedC. has been visited D. was visited5.A talk on Chinese history _ in the school h

37、all next week.A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives6.A lot of things _ by people to save the little girl now.A. are doing B. are being doneC. has been done D. will be done7.The doctor _ for yet. A. isn't sent B. hasn't been sent C. won't be sent D. wasn't sent8.-Whe

38、n _ this kind of computer_?-Last year.A. did; use B. was; usedC. is; used D. are; used9.Who _ this book _?A. did; written B. was; written byC. did; written D .was; written10.Mary _ show me her new dictionary. A. has asked to B. was asked to C. is asked D .asks to11.A story _ by Granny yesterday. A.

39、was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D .told us12.The monkey was seen _ off the tree. A. jump B. jumps C. Jumped D. to jump13.Older people _ well.A. looks after B .must be looked after C. must look after D .looked after14.Our teacher _ carefully.A. should be listened to B. should be listen C.

40、 be listened D. is listened15. In some part of the world, tea _ with milk and sugar. A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served16. It was reported that the murderer _ arrested. A. has been B. had been C. has D. had17. Do you think that the bridge _ in a year?A. would be completed B. will be comp

41、leted C. had been completed D. is being completed18. Great changes _ in China since the Peoples Republic of China _ in 1949.A. have taken place; was foundedB. has taken place; was foundedC. have been taken place; foundedD. took place; founded19.Why does Ling Ling look so unhappy?She has _ by her cla

42、ssmates.A. laughed B. laughed at C. been laughed D. been laughed at20. Doctors _ in every part of the world. A. need B. are needingC. are needed D. will need21. I promise that matter will _. A. be taken care B. be taken care of C. take care D. take care of22. No permission has _ for anybody to enter

43、 thebuilding.A. been given B. given C. to give D. be given23. I _ ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.A. gave B. was given C. was giving D. had given24. Can such a thing _ happening again?A. prevent from B. prevented from C. be prevented from D. to prevent from25. A new house _ a

44、t the corner of the road.A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building26. This bike _ last year.A. bought B. has been bought C. was bought D. had been bought27. Did you see the house that _ by fire last year?A. was destroying B. destroyed C. would destroy D. was destroyed28. It _ whe

45、ther she will get her work in the hospital.A. hasnt been decided B. isnt deciding C. doesnt decide D. hasnt decided29. The pen _ me. It is hers.A. isnt belong to B. wasnt belong to C. doesnt belong to D. didnt belong to30. I cant use my bike because it _.A. is repairing B. is being repaired C. will repair D. was repairing31. The chairman told the speaker that she _to speak a little louder so as to make herself _.A. was expected; heard B. had expected; hear . C had hoped; hear D. was hoped; heard32 The