2019学年福建三明一中高二下第一次月考英语卷【含答案及解析】

1、2019学年福建三明一中高二下第一次月考英语卷【含答案及解析】姓名班级分数题号-二二三四五六总分得分、阅读理解1. 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项（A、BC和D）中，选出最佳选项。ArthurMiller（1915-2005）isuniversallyrecognizedasoneofthegreatestdramatistsofthe20thcentury.Miller'sfatherhadmovedtotheUSAfromAustria-Hungary,drawnlikesomanyothersbythe“GreatAmericanDreamHowever,heexperien

2、eedseverefinancialhardshipwhenhisfamilybusinesswasruinedintheGreatDepression（大萧条时期）oftheearly1930s.Miller'smostfamousplay,DeathofaSalesman,isapowerfulattackontheAmericansystem,withitsaggressivewayofdoingbusinessanditsinsistenceonmoneyandsocialstatusasindicators（标志）ofworth.InWillyLoman,theherooft

3、heplay,weseeamanwhohasgotintotroublewithhissystem,Willyis“burntout”andinthecruelworldofbusinessthereisnoroomforsentiment（'情绪）:ifhecan'tdothework,thenheisnogoodtohisemployer,theWagnerCompany,andhemustgo.Willyispainfullyawareofthis,andatalossastowhattodowithhislackofsuccess.Herefusestofacethef

4、actthathehasfailedandkillshimselfintheend.Whenitwasfirststagedin1949,theplaywasgreetedwithenthusiasticreviews,anditwontheTonyAwardforBestPlay,theNewYorkDramaCriticsCircleAward,andthePulitzerPrizefordrama.Itwasthefirstplaytowinallthethreeofthesemajorawards.MillerdiedofheartfailureathishomeinRoxbury,C

5、onnecticut,ontheeveningofFebruary10,2005,the56thanniversaryofthefirstperformanceofDeathofaSalesmanonBroadway.1. WhydidArthurMiller'sfathermovetotheUSA?A. Hesufferedfromseverehungerinhishomecountry.B. Hewasattractedbythe“GreatAmericanDreamC. Hehopedtomakehissonadramatist.D. Hisfamilybusinessfaile

6、d.2. TheplayDeathofaSalesman.A. exposesthecrueltyoftheAmericanbusinessworldB. discussesthewaystogetpromotedinacountryC. talksaboutthebusinesscareerofArthurMillerD. focusesontheskillsindoingbusiness3. WhatcanwelearnaboutWillyLoman?A. Hetreatshisemployerbadly.B. HerunstheWagnerCompany.C. Heisavictimof

7、theAmericansystem.D. Heisregardedasaherobyhiscolleagues.4. Afteritwasfirststaged,DeathofaSalesman.A. achievedhugesuccessB. wonthefirstTonyAwardC. waswarmlywelcomedbysalesmenD. wasseverelyattackedbydramatists5. Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A. ArthurMillerandhisfamily.B. TheawardsArthurMillerwon.C. Arthur

8、Millerandhisbest-knownplay.D. ThehardshipArthurMillerexperienced.2. 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项（A、BC和D）中，选出最佳选项。TheStateCouncilsubmitted（提交）abillwhichaimstoallowcouplestohavetwochildrenifeitherparentisanonlychild.Itfocusesonadjustingandimprovingthefamilyplanningpolicy.TheStateCouncilarguesadjustmenttothepolic

9、yinthefaceofasteadilydecliningbirthrate.Thebirthratehasremainedrelativelylowandshowsatendencytofallfurther.Theratehasdroppedtobetween1.5and1.6sincethe1990s,whichmeanseachChinesewomanofchild-bearingagegivesbirthto1.5to1.6childrenonaverage.Theworkingpopulationbegantodropin2012by3.45millioneveryyear,an

10、ditislikelytofallby8millioneachyearafter2023.Thepopulationaged60andabovewillreach400millionandaccountforone-fourthofthetotalpopulationintheearly2030s,upfromone-seventhnow.“Ifthecurrentfamilyplanningpolicycontinues,thebirthratewillcontinuetofallandleadtoasharpdropofthetotalpopulationafterreachingapea

11、k,”saidLiBin,ministerinchargeoftheNationalHealthandFamilyPlanningCommission.“Itistherighttimetomakechanges:Thelowbirthrateisstable,theworkingpopulationisstilllargeandtheburdenofsupportingtheelderlyremainsrelativelylight,”headded.Anincreaseinbirthisexpectedifthepolicychangesbutwillnotseriouslyaffectt

12、hefoodsupply,publiceducation,healthcareoremployment.China'sfoodsafetyandpublicserviceplansaredesignedtomeettheneedsof1.43billionpopulationin2020and1.5billionin2033.Evenwiththepolicychange,thetotalpopulationwillreachnomorethan1.38billionin2015,Lisaid.1. WhydidtheStateCouncilsubmitthebill?A. Toinc

13、reasethepopulationofHannationality.B. Tobalancethenatureandsociety.C. TodeveloptheeconomyofChina.D. Tosolvethesocialpopulationissue.2. Thenewpolicymayhaveaneffectonthefollowingexpect.A. publiceducationB.thefoodsupplyC.thedivorcerateD.employment3. WhatcanwelearnaboutthepopulationinChinafromthepassage

14、?A. Aftertheyearof2023,thepopulationwillbecomelessandless.B. There'snoneedtocarryoutthefamilyplanningpolicy.C. Atthebeginningof2030stheagingproblemwillbeworsethannow.D. Intheyear2023,thepopulationmaybetheleast.3. 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、BC和D)中，选出最佳选项。Theoceanbottom,aregionnearly2.5timesgreaterthanth

15、etotallandareaoftheearth,iseventodaylargelyunexplored.Untilaboutacenturyago,thedeepoceanfloorwascompletelyinaccessibleandhiddenbeneathwatersaveragingover3,600metersdeep.Totallywithoutlightandinthecaseofintensepressureshundredsoftimesgreaterthanattheearth'ssurface,thedeep-oceanbottomisastrangeenv

16、ironmenttohumans,insomewayasfrighteningandremoteastheouterspace.Althoughresearchershavetakensamplesofdeep-oceanrocksforoveracentury,thefirstdetailedglobalstudyoftheoceanbottomdidnotactuallystartuntil1969,withthebeginningoftheNationalScienceFoundation'sDeepSeaDrillingProject(DSDP).Usingtechniques

17、firstdevelopedfortheoffshoreoilandgasindustry,theDSDP'sdrillship,theGlomarChallenger,wasabletomaintainasteadypositionontheocean'ssurfaceanddrillverydeepwaters,takingsamplesofrocksfromtheoceanfloor.TheGlomarChallengercompleted96voyagesina15-yearresearchprogramthatendedinNovember1983.Duringthi

18、stime,itsailed600,000kilometersandtookalmost20,000samplesofrocksaroundtheworld.Thosesampleshaveallowedgeologiststoreconstructwhattheplanetlookedlikehundredsofmillionsofyearsagoandtomakeoutwhatitwillprobablylooklikemillionsofyearsinthefuture.Today,largelyonthestrengthofevidencegatheredduringtheGlomar

19、Challenger'svoyages,nearlyallearthscientistsagreeonthetheoriesofplatetectonics（构造学）andcontinentaldriftthatexplainmanyofthegeologicalprocesses.ThesampleofrocksdrilledbytheGlomarChallengerhavealsoprovidedaclimaticrecordstretchingbackhundredsofmillionsofyears.Theinformationofpastclimaticchangecanbe

20、usedtopredictthefutureclimate.1. Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inaccessible”inparagraph1mean?A. unrecognizableB.unreachableC.unusableD.unreasonable2. WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheGlomarChallenger?A. Itisamilitarysubmarine.B. Itisusedtodeveloptourism.C. Ithasgoneonover100voyages.D.ItmadeitsfirstDSDPv

21、oyagein1969.3. TheDeepSeaDrillingProjectwassignificantbecauseitwas.A. thefirstdetailedexplorationoftheoceanbottomB. conductedbygeologistsfromallovertheworldC. supportedentirelybythegasandoilindustryD. anattempttofindnewsourcesofoilandgas4. 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项（A、BC和D）中，选出最佳选项。Whatdoyoudowhenyouneedtolo

22、oksomethingup?Gotothelibrary?Openanencyclopedia（百科全书）?ClickontotheInternet?Thesedays,mostpeoplegostraighttoWikipedia,theonlineencyclopedia.Buthowreliableisit?There'snodenyingthepopularityandusefulnessofWikipedia.Itattractsasmanyas78millionvisitorseverymonth,andthesiteisavailableinmorethan270diff

23、erentlanguages.It'soneofthemostcomprehensiveresourcesavailable,whichincludesalmostalldetails,factsandinformationthatmaybeconcerned.It'sgotmuchmoreinformationthananordinaryencyclopedia.Thesiteisupdatedonadailybasisbythousandsofpeoplearoundtheworld.AnyonewithanInternetconnectioncanlogonandedit

24、thecontentsoraddanewpage.Andyoudon'tneedanyformaltraining.Ofcourse,therearesomecontrols.Wikipediahasateamofmorethan1,500administratorswhocheckforfalseinformation.Andmaintargetsforharmfulcomments（suchaspoliticians）areoff-limitstopublicediting.Butwithmorethan16millionarticlestokeepaneyeon,itisn

25、9;teasy.So,whileWikipediabenefitsfrombeingconstantlyupdatedwithinformationfromallovertheworld,it'salsoopento“vandals”（恣意破坏公共财物者）.Someofthedamageiseasytonotice.OnepersondrewdevilhornsandamoustacheonMicrosoftchairmanBillGate'sphoto,whileanothereditedGreekphilosopherPlato'sbiographytosayhew

26、asa“HawaiianweathermanwhoiswidelybelievedtohavebeenastudentofBarneythepurpleDinosaur'.恣意Butotherthingsarehardertospot.Themostcommonformofvandalism（破坏公共财物罪）involvesaddingtinyitemsoffalseinformationintothebiographyofafamousperson.Unbelievably,someofthismisinformationhasappearedinnewspapers,withThe

27、DailyMail,TheGuardianandTheIndependentallhavingfallenvictimtothedirtytricks.Forexample,inanarticleaboutBritishcomedianSirNormanWisdom,onenewspaperclaimedthatheco-wroteDameVeraLynn'swartimehitThere'llbebluebirdsovertheWhiteCliffsofDover.Hedidnosuchthing.Andinotherarticle,itwasreportedthatTVTh

28、emetunecomposerRonnieHazlehursthadwrittentheSClub7'shitReachagain,nottrue.So,ifyou'regoingtouseanyinformationfromWikipedia,makesureyoudouble-checkitfirst.1. Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.A. becauseofitspopularity,78millionpeoplefrom270countriesvisitWikipediamonthly.B. updatedbypeoplearoundthe

29、world,thesiteismorelikelytobedamagedbyhackers.C. anyonewhohasaccesstotheInternetcaneditanycontentsofWikipediaastheylike.D. theprimaryjoboftheadministratorsistomakesuretrueinformationisconveyed.2. What'sthewriter'sattitudetoWikipedia?A. Critical.B.Doubtful.C.Objective.D.Positive.3. Paragraph5

30、mainlytellsus.A.itisreallydifficulttofindouttinyitemsoffalseinformation.B. nomatterhowfamousthepapersare,theycanalsobecheated.C. youcanneverbecarefulenoughwhilesearchingforinformation.D.itwasSirNormanWisdomwhowrotetheSClub7'shitReach.4. What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowtolooksomethingupinWi

31、kipedia?B. WikipediahasadvantagesanddisadvantagesC. WhyWikipediaissopopular?D. Wikipediaisreliabletouse二、七选五5. 根据短文内容，从后面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。SmoggyweatherhasbecomecommoninChina.Butthesedays,airpollutionlevelsinthenortheasterncityofHarbinsurpassedthepreviousrecordlevels.Thecitywasessentiall

32、yshutdownafterPM2.5,fineparticulate（微粒的）pollutionthatisconsidereddangerous,reachedlevelsof1,000microgramspercubicmeter-1.Andthereforeschools,motorwaysandanairportwereclosedonTuesdayasvisibilityinsomeareasofthecitydroppedtolessthan10meters.2. .Itstatedthatthereis“sufficientevidence”thatexposuretooutd

33、oorairpollutioncauseslungcancer.3.Moreover,it'ssaidthatexposurehasincreasedsignificantlyparticularlyin“rapidlyindustrialcountrieswithlargepopulations”.OntheChinesesocialmediasiteWeibo,manyuserscomplainedaboutthepollutionandsharedtheirconcerns.4.Nowadays,thereisasarcastic（讽刺的）playontheexpression“

34、servethepeople”,asthetwohaveasimilarpronunciation.“5.Therewon'tbeasuddenoutbreakofsymptoms,butnormallythreetofivedaysafterthesmoggyweatheroccurs,thereisapeakinthenumberofpeopleseeingdoctors,”adoctorsaid.A.Theimpactofairpollutiononpeoplewillbegradual.B. Smoghasbeenregardedasthebiggestkillernowada

35、ysinChina.C. Justdayspreviously,theWHOclassifiedairpollutionasacarcinogen（致癌物）.D. Thefastersmogcomes,thefasteritgoesaway.E. Referencesto“feedpeoplewithsmog”havebecomepopularonWeibo.F. 40timesthesafetylevelremindedbytheWorldHealthOrganization.G. Andmeanwhile,theriskofbladder（膀胱）cancerisalsocloselycon

36、nectedwithit.三、阅读理解6. 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从短文后所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OxfordandCambridgehavedecidedtoremovethewordsCAN”TandIMPOSSIBLEfromtheirdictionaries.JessicaCox,25,agirlbornwithoutarms,standsinsidea（n）.Althoughshewasbornwithoutarms,thathasstoppedherfromdoingonething:usingthe“can't”.Jessic

37、agottheSportPilotcertificaterecentlyandbecamethefirstpilotlicensedtousingonlyherfeet.Shemadewhat'sseeminglybecomeareality.Hercertificatehertoflyalightsportaircraftof10,000feet.“She'sagoodpilotandshe'sstrong,”saidParrishTraweek,theflyingatSanManuel'sRayBlairAirport.ParrishTraweekacomp

38、anyofPCAircraftMaintenanceandFlightServicesandhastrainedmanypilots,someofwhomdidn'tcomeclosetoCox's.“Whenshecameupheredrivingacar,”Traweekrecalled,“Iknewshe'dhavenoflyingaplane"Doctorsneverlearnedwhyshewasbornwithoutarms,butsheearlyonthatshedidn'twanttouseprosthetic（假体的）.Notonly

39、didJessicaCoxalicensetoflyairplanesonOctober10,2008,butshealsohasacollegedegreeinpsychology,andasuccessfulasamotivationalspeaker.Whatdoesn'tJessicaCoxhave?Arms.Fromon,herfeetbecameherhands.Shecandriveacarandflyanairplaneusingherfeet,withoutanyadaptations.“Ihighlyencouragepeoplewithtoconsiderflyi

40、ng,”Coxsaid,“Ithelpsthestereotype（老套）thatpeoplewithdisabilitiesareintothebeliefthattheyarepowerfulandcapableofsettinghighandachievingthem.”1. A.aircraftB.wheelchairC.armchairD.microscope2. A.stillB.almostC.onlyD.yet3. A.meaningB.mottoC.speechD.word4. A.leapB.jogC.flyD.flee5. A.awesomeB.impossibleC.g

41、randD.theoretical6. A.scansB.dragsC.bumpsD.qualifies7. A.instructorB.companionC.fellowD. architect8. A.conductsB.resignsC.runsD.impairs9. A.abilityB.disabilityC.satisfactionD.boundary10. A.ambitionB.courageC.affectionD.problem11. A.spokeupB.figuredoutC.tookupD.testedout12. A.cushionsB.tanksC.devices

42、D.scanners13. A.earnB.observeC.abolishD.envy14. A.awarenessB.reflectionC.assessmentD. career15. A.timeB.thenC.birthD.now16. A.elegantB.pureC.flexibleD.special17. A.faithsB.disabilitiesC.purposesD.decisions18. A.changeB.suckC.scareD.urge19. A.steepB.unreliableC.powerlessD.junior20. A.thinkingB.goalsC

43、.attemptsD.profits四、语法填空7. 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。OnFebruary5,2013,thefifthgradestudentsatanelementaryschoolwelcomedanewstudent.Unlikeothernewcomers.Hewasnotshyatall.Instead,heseemed1.(recognize)allonehundredkidsbytheirnamesimmediately.Youmaywonderwhocandothat.Well,thenewstudentwasnotahuman2.

44、arobot.The1.2metertallstudentispartofa14-monthexperiment.Theexperimentistotest3.ifrobotscangraduallylearntonaturallydealwithagroupofpeople.4. (compare)tootherstudents,therobot'sdailyconversationlevelhasbeenlimitedtothatofafiveyearold,buthewasprogrammedwiththefacial5.(photo)andvoiceprintsofallfif

45、thgradersandteachers.Also,he6.(design)withthecontentsoftheentirefifthgradesciencetextbooks.As7.result,heimpressedtheclassbyansweringeveryquestion8.(correct).What'smore,therobotnotonlygotalongwellwithhisfellowclassmates,buthealsolikedshakinghandswithstudentsfromotherclassesandgrades.Infact,thisis

46、notthefirsttimetherobot9.(be)aroundhumans.Inthepastyearshehasdonemanytasks,including10.(accompany)theelderlytoshopforgroceries.五、短文改错8. 短文改错，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。DearSir,I'mgladtorecommendmyfriendLiMingtoyou.LiMingwasbornonJuly15,1974inBeijing.Whenhewasinthemiddleschool,hedidwellinseveralsubject

47、,includingmath,physicsandchemistryandwasfondwithart.Later,hiseffortspaidoffwhenheadmittedintoBeijingUniversitymajoringinphysics.Beforefouryearsofhardworkthere,hewenttoabroadforfurthereducation.Becauseofhisexcellentworkandperformance,hegetsadoctor'sdegreethisyear.Heisnowingoodhealthbutwouldliketo

48、comebackhometomakecontributionstoourcountry.Iwillbemostgratefullyifyouconsiderhisrecommendationandofferhimajobinyourcompany.Lookingforwardtoreceiveyourearlyreply.Yourstruly,WangLin六、书面表达9. 假设你是三明市学联会会长李华，得知三明万达广场将修建一座购物中心，请写一份建议信给负责设计该建筑的建筑师Mr.White,建议他在设计时应更多的考虑残疾人的使用便利（例如电梯、卫生间、停车位、门等）。要求：字数100字左右

49、,开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数购物中心：shoppingmall参考词汇：万达广场：theWandaSuqare参考答案及解析第1题【答案】l. B2. A3. C4. A5. C【解析】试题分析；本文属于人物传记，主名戏&傢ArthurMiller的生平故事以及的作品DeathoaSalesmanDeatho£aSalesman的详细信息o.【名师点睛】英语阅读中，长难句是_个较为棘手的问题，通常长难句的分类与解析;可以分为以下四种情况：1、带有较多成分的简单句。如：Havingchosenfamilytelevisionpxograntsandwoinen

50、?smagazinesthetoothpastemarket&rforinstance,musts&lecttheexacttelevisionprograihsandstationsasveilasthespecificwom.en?snagazinestobeused.例無蘇賣嶠嚴履目和妇女杂志后，牙青经销商还必须挑选出要用的确切的电视节目和电视台在这个有30多个i司的简单旬巴词-ipg羽式短语用作时间状语，不定式tobeused修御誓巒最women;sjnagazine；而且还修饰tedeYisionpxogramsardstations,exacttelevisionP

51、lHtjwPiograjftsjfOs-tationszH5;逑在翻译中可以看田来。插人语£皿instance把主语和谓语分隔井了。2、含有多个简单句的并列句。如：Inthe1970shewasasurgeonatYale；hadavonderfulwifeandfiveBeautifulobildren,butk©wasterriblylinkappy在20世纟己70年代，他在耶鲁当外科医生，有位出色的太太和5个漂亮的孩子，但他那时过得却很不开心在第二个并列旬中，即在hd前面省略了andKe.DiscriminationfllS!）isn'ttheironlyconcern;almcsteveryonetestingpositivefoitheHxm*tington?sgene（基因）developssymptoms（症状）diaringmiddleage；anddoctorscandonothinetohelp.第2题【答案】1.12. C3. C【解析】萼醫分析；本文属于新闻报道，主要介绍了中園二孩政策的调整及苴宼一政策出台的原因和可能带来的1,2.第3题【答案】1. E2. C【解折】试韧分析：本文属于料普说明文，主婪介绍了人类运用现代技术对漓底世界的探素过尿1.第4题【答案】2.1. r2. C【解析】甌慮蠶駆i着疋I