英语（新高考）2022届高考考前冲刺卷（四）教师版

1、（新高考）此卷只装订不密封班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号 2022届高考考前冲刺卷英语（四）注意事项：1答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第卷（选择题）第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短

2、文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AProvincetown, Cape Cod RestaurantsAfter a day on the sands or exploring our charming town, enjoy local eats, from fresh seafood and lobster to authentic Italian. Youll find many wonderful Provincetown, Cape Cod restaurants and cafes just steps away.Fanizzis

3、Restaurant Right next door to our hotel, this award-winning local eatery is one of the finest Cape Cod restaurants. The menu highlights seafood, Italian, steaks, burgers, and fresh salads. Enjoy the Friday Fish Fry, Early Bird Specials, and Sunday Brunch, available from 10:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. all y

4、ear long.539 Commercial Street 508-487-1964Napis RestaurantNapis serves dinner all year round and lunch from April to October. A cozy place located just off Commercial Street and overflowing with local art, this Cape Cod, Massachusetts classic specializes in everything from freshly caught seafood to

5、 Portuguese and Brazilian dishes to vegetarian items.7 Freeman Street 800-571-6274 Mews RestaurantEnjoy views of Provincetown Harbor at this waterfront restaurant just steps from Surfside Hotel & Suites. Intercontinental dishes are served in the beach-level dining room, while upstairs youll find a c

6、asual American bistro. Summer months bring on a brunch menu, and dinner is served year-round.429 Commercial Street 508-487-1500 The Red InnA favorite among our guests, The Red Inn is located on Provincetowns picturesque waterfront which provides diners with the most gorgeous harbor views and spectac

7、ular sunsets. The Red Inn provides historic old world charm with new world pleasure. Their menu features the finest local seafood.15 Commercial Street 508-487-73341. Which restaurant offers a special breakfast for early risers?A. Fanizzis Restaurant.B. Napis Restaurant.C. Mews Restaurant.D. The Red

8、Inn.2. What is special about The Red Inn?A. It exhibits the good local art.B. It is the finest local restaurant.C. It offers the best local seafood.D. It serves brunch all year round.3. What does the text mainly talk about?A. Accommodation.B. Life styles.C. Sightseeing.D. Dining【答案】1-3 ACD【解析】这是一篇应用

9、文，介绍了美国Provincetown 四个就餐的地方。1. 细节理解题。由第二段中的“Early Bird Specials”可知，该餐馆为早起的旅客提供特别的早餐。故A为正确答案。2. 细节理解题。由最后一段中的最后一句可知答案为C。3. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍的是就餐。故答案为D。BPaswan and his teen daughter Jyoti Kumari recently completed the 750-mile journey from their former apartment on the outskirts of New Dehli all the

10、 way to their home village. Whats remarkable is that they rode the entire distance on a bicycle they purchased with their last $20, with Jyoti pedaling(脚蹬) as her father rode on the seat with his heavy bag.The story of their determination has inspired millions of migrant workers across the country,

11、where the novel coronavirus lockdowns has resulted in severe work shortages. Many of these laborers have needed to take similar journeys from major cities back to their home villages where they can be supported by their family-but financial problems have left many of them stranded(使搁浅) and wondering

12、 whats next.Things had not been going well for Paswan, even before the pandemic(大流行病). In January, he was involved in a traffic accident while working as a rickshaw driver. His daughter, who had dropped out of school a year earlier because of the familys financial troubles, decided to make the trip

13、to New Dehli to care for her injured father. When the lockdown hit and Paswan was unable to earn a living, their landlord cut off their electricity and threatened to kick them out of their apartment. It was then that Jyoti suggested that they head home to their village in Bihar.Jyoti had cycled a lo

14、t in their vilage, and they had just enough money to purchase a bicycle. She insisted that she would get her dad home safely.That being said, it was not a bewitching journey for Jyoti and Paswan-they often found themselves without enough to eat; they slept at gas stations, and often relied on the ge

15、nerosity of strangers. The pair traveled nearly 100 miles per day. On borrowed cell phones, Jyoti would reassure her worried mother: “Dont worry, Ill get Papa home good.”True to her word, Jyoti and her father made it home. Additionally, since the Indian media has dubbed(把称为) her “Jyoti the lionheart

16、ed”, the teenage girl has been contacted by Onkar4 What caused Paswan and his daughter to decide to go home?A. The worsening situation.B. The terrible traffic accident.C. The expectation from family.D. The desire to travel by bicycle.5.What can we infer from the third paragraph?A. Paswan and Jyoti w

17、ould continue to pay the landlord.B. Paswan and Jyoti lived a good life before the pandemic.C. Paswan failed to earn a living due to the traffic accident.D. Paswan and Jyoti had no choice but to leave New Dehli.6. Which of the following can explain the underlined word in Paragaph5?A. Tough.B. Smooth

18、.C. Unforgettable.D. Meaningful.7.What might Jyoti do after she got her dad home?A. She might go back to New Dehli to earn a living.B. She might check if she has the potential for cycling.C. She might invite Onkar Singh to be her private coach.D. She might complain to the media about the new name.【答

19、案】4-7 ADBB【解析】4. 文章理解题。由第三段可知，房东断电并威胁把他们赶出公寓，让他们处于更加艰难的处境，使他们决定回家。故选A。5. 细节推断题。第三段最后一句可知，在经历了车祸，女儿辍学后，房东切断了电源，并威胁他们离开当时的住所，可推断出他们别无选择离开New Dehli。故远D。 6. 句子理解题。由此句破折号之后的“They often foundon the generosity of strangers.”可知他们生活非常艰难。因此这不是一个顺利的出行。故选smooth。7. 理解推断题。有最后一段的最后一句“the chairman of the Cycling Fe

20、deration of India, urging her to decide to go home”可知。联盟主席鼓励她可以试一试进国家队，所以她可能会检验自己有没有骑行的潜力。故选B。CIts good to share, right? Growing up as kids we are told to share our toys and not be selfish. We also live in an age where discussing our feelings is encouraged. But when does it all become too much? With

21、 new fashion trending all the time, such as dance challenges and wearing a pillow as a dress, the question is: when can sharing become oversharing on social media?What is oversharing? The term has become associated with social media, but it doesnt only belong to this platform. Imagine you head to a

22、party and you meet someone. Within five minutes they have given away details about their personal life. While some of us may try to escape these people, according to marriage therapist Carolyn Cole, this form of oversharing could come from a strong desire to connect with someone. But how does this t

23、ranslate to social media?Dr. Christopher Hand, a lecturer in internet psychology, says the more details people disclose, the less sympathy we express when things go wrong. This could be due to a belief that we attract our own negative experiences the more we share them. It seems that the idea of sea

24、rching for sympathy by oversharing, is generally viewed as negative rather than the cry for help it could actually be.However, Dr Hands research also seems to suggest that the more positive posts we share on a platform, the more socially attractive we become. Even back in 2015, Gwendolyn Seidman PhD

25、, said that we should avoid complaining and being negative online. We are supposed not to show off, as its now knownespecially about our love lives. It makes senseif your date is going that well, would you really have time to share a photo with text?So, how can you know if you are oversharing? Well,

26、 why not ask your friends in real life. They would probably be more than happy to tell you if your posts about your breakfast or your complaint about your lack of money really are too much.8. Why do some people try to overshare at parties?A. Because they want to catch others attention.B. Because the

27、y just want to show off something.C. Because they have a strong desire to pour out their emotions.D. Because they may expect to make a connection with someone.9. What does the underlined word in Para.3 mean?A. explore.B. expose.C. display.D. discuss.10. What can we know from the passage?A. We will b

28、ecome more socially attractive if we post more on a platform.B. We tend to show sympathy when things go wrong.C. We may be considered negative when seeking for sympathy by oversharing.D. We can show off something positive especially about our love lives.11. What is the purpose of the text?A. To info

29、rm.B. To inspire.C. To advertise.D. To condemn.【答案】8-11 DBCA【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如今社交媒体上的“过度分享”现象，有人指出有些人在聚会上过度分享，是因为他们可能期望与某人建立联系。但是通过过度分享来寻求同情的想法，似乎通常被认为是消极的。早在2015年，Gwendolyn Seidman博士就说过，我们应该避免在网上抱怨和消极，也不应该炫耀，尤其是我们的爱情生活。8. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“While some of us may try to escape these people, according to

30、marriage therapist Carolyn Cole, this form of oversharing could come from a strong desire to connect with someone.(根据婚姻治疗师Carolyn Cole的说法，虽然我们中的一些人可能试图逃离这些人，但这种形式的过度分享可能来自与某人建立联系的强烈愿望)”可知，有些人在聚会上过度分享，是因为他们可能期望与某人建立联系。故选D。9. 词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“the less sympathy we express when things go wrong”以及“It seems

31、that the idea of searching for sympathy by oversharing, is generally viewed as negative rather than the cry for help it could actually be.”可知，通过过度分享来寻求同情的想法，似乎通常被认为是消极的，所以人们暴露给他人的细节越多，越不容易得到同情。画线词意思为“暴露”。A. explore探索；B. expose暴露；C. display显示；D. discuss讨论。故选B。10. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“It seems that the idea o

32、f searching for sympathy by oversharing, is generally viewed as negative rather than the cry for help it could actually be.(通过过度分享来寻求同情的想法，似乎通常被认为是消极的，而不是被认为是在求助)”可知，当我们通过过度分享来寻求同情时，可能会被认为是消极的。故选C。11. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“With new fashion trending all the time, such as dance challenges and wearing a pillow

33、as a dress, the question is: when can sharing become oversharing on social media?(随着新时尚的不断流行，比如舞蹈挑战和穿枕头当裙子，问题是中：什么时候在社交媒体上分享会变成过度分享？)”结合文章主要说明了如今社交媒体上的“过度分享”现象，有人指出有些人在聚会上过度分享，是因为他们可能期望与某人建立联系。但是通过过度分享来寻求同情的想法，似乎通常被认为是消极的。早在2015年，Gwendolyn Seidman博士就说过，我们应该避免在网上抱怨和消极，也不应该炫耀，尤其是我们的爱情生活。可推知，这篇文章的目的是告知

34、有关“过度分享”的信息。故选A。DBrain cells work to actively forget memories during a specific period of sleep. When we sleep, our brains clear out the memories weve made while were awake, deciding what to keep and what to get rid of. Forgetting is an active process, explained the authors of the study published in

35、 the journal Science. But less is known about this process during the different periods of sleep.They found that during the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep period - or active sleep when we are thought to dream-special nerve cells appear to actively contribute to forgetting. What are known as melanin-

36、concentrating hormone-producing (MCH) neurons (神经元) sit in the hypothalamus (下丘脑): a part of the brain which helps with a range of functions such as sleep, appetite and emotions. Past research has suggested these cells help to control REM sleep patterns: activating the MCH neurons increasing time sp

37、ent in this period, while preventing them reducing changes into this period.The scientists looked at MCH cells in mice, and found 52.8 percent were active during REM sleep, compared with 35 percent when the mice were awake. Study co-author Thomas Kilduff, director of the Center for Neuroscience at S

38、RI International, told Newsweek the team was surprised to find that mice performed better on learning and memory tasks when the MCH cells were prevented. “This result suggests that activation of the MCH neurons may affect memory- that is, MCH neurons may facilitate forgetting,” Kilduff explained.Whe

39、n asked what motivated the study, Kilduff said, “We hope the work could deepen our understanding of Alzheimers disease. Understanding the neural basis of learning and memory is a huge area of neuroscience research because of its effects on our everyday lives, as well as diseases such as Alzheimers d

40、isease. Prior to this work, no one suspected that MCH neurons had anything to do with forgetting,” said Kilduff.12. What can we infer from paragraph 1?A. Forgetting is a passive process.B. The forgetting process is known to us.C. Some memories are forgotten while we are awake.D. Certain memories are

41、 removed while we are asleep.13. What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. REM sleep patterns.B. Past researches.C. MCH neurons.D. A range of functions.14. Why did Kilduffs team conduct the research?A. To publish the study in the journal Science.B. To know more about Alzheimers

42、 disease.C. To contribute to humans forgetting.D. To explore our everyday lives.15. What can we know about MCH?A. MCH cells takes control of REM sleep patterns.B. MCH neurons may disturb memory consolidation.C. MCH neurons have nothing to do with forgetting.D. MCH cells help mice performing better o

43、n learning.【答案】12-15 DCBB【解析】这是一篇科普类的说明文，介绍了在我们睡眠的不同阶段，人的大脑对记忆的处理及其影响。12. 细节理解题。根据第一自然段中“Brain cells work to actively forget memories during a specific period of sleep. When we sleep, our brains clear out the memories weve made while were awake, deciding what to keep and what to get rid of.”可知,在我们睡眠

44、的过程中，我们的大脑会对我们醒着的时候的记忆进行处理，决定储存信息的存留问题。故D项正确。13. 代词指代题。根据文章第二自然段中“Past research has suggested these cells help to control REM sleep patterns: activating the MCH neurons increasing time spent in this period, while inhibiting them reducing transitions into this period.”可知：过去的研究表明，这些细胞有助于控制快速眼动睡眠模式：激活M

45、CH神经元，增加这一阶段的时间，而抑制它们(MCH神经元)，减少向这一阶段的过渡。故正确答案为C。14. 细节理解题。根据文章第四自然段中“We hope the work could deepen our understanding of Alzheimers disease”可知。15. 推理判断题。根据文章第三自然段中“. mice performed better on learning and memory tasks when the MCH cells were inhibited. “This result suggests that activation of the MCH

46、 neurons may interfere with memory consolidation- that is, MCH neurons may facilitate forgetting”可知，当MCH细胞受到抑制时，小鼠在学习和记忆任务中表现得更好，“这一结果表明，MCH神经元的激活可能干扰记忆巩固，即MCH神经元可能促进遗忘”。故选B。第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Earth Hour is organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature.

47、 Its a big event usually at the end of March every year. On this evening, people “go dark”. _16_Its true that turning off lights for just one hour saves only a small amount of power. _17_ On one level, joining in Earth Hour makes people think about the problem of climate change and what we can do in

48、 everyday life to protect nature.But on another level, a large number of peoples acting together sends a powerful message to governments and companies. _18_ They begin considering green issues when big decisions.The logo(标识) of Earth Hour is “60+”. The number 60 is for the 60 minutes of Earth Hour.

49、_19_ In fact, people who join in Earth Hour say that taking part makes them want to do more for the environment._20_ Musicians give concerts by playing acoustic(原声的) instruments instead of electric ones, and using candles instead of electric lights. Celebrity chefs have created special recipes for f

50、amilies to prepare and eat by candlelight. Tree-planting sessions, group walks and runs are also among the options.A. But this is only the beginning.B. Earth Hour represents every hour of every day.C. After all, everyone has to answer for what they have done.D. Besides turning off the lights, people

51、 get involved in other events.E. It pushes them to take urgent measures by making changes to policies.F. That is, they switch off all unnecessary lights at the same time for one hour.G. The plus invites people to continue their action even after Earth Hour is finished.【答案】16-20 FAEGD【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述

52、了由世界自然基金会组织的“地球一小时”活动，督促人们重视环境保护。16. 上文“On this evening, people go dark.(在这个晚上，人们走向黑暗。)”说明活动中，这个晚上人们“走向黑暗”，选项F“也就是说，他们在同一时间关掉所有不必要的灯一个小时。”是对上文的具体解释，选项中switch off all unnecessary lights at the same time和上文中dark语义相关，通顺合理。故选F项。17. 上文“Its true that turning off lights for just one hour saves only a small

53、 amount of power.(的确，关灯一小时只节省少量的电力。)”说明关灯一个小时看似作用不大，选项A“但这只是开始。”承接上文，转折语义，说明这只是个开始，引出下文阐述关灯一个小时所带来的益处，以及更深层的做法和意义。故选A项。18. 上文“But on another level, a large number of peoples acting together sends a powerful message to governments and companies.(但在另一个层面上，大量民众的共同行动向政府和企业发出了强有力的信息。)”说明民众已向政府和企业发出强烈信息，选

54、项E“促使他们通过改变政策采取紧急措施。”承接上文，说明民众发出强烈信息的作用，促使政府改变政策采取措施，引出下文“They begin considering green issues when big decisions.(他们在做重大决定时就开始考虑环保问题。)”对选项进一步解释。选项中与上下文语义相关，通顺合理。故选E项。19. 上文“The logo(标识) of Earth Hour is 60+. The number 60 is for the 60 minutes of Earth Hour. (地球一小时的标志是60+，数字60代表地球一小时的60分钟。)”说明“地球一小时

55、”的标志是“60+”，选项G“这个“加号”邀请人们在地球一小时结束后继续他们的行动。”是对上文“60+”的解释，引出下文“In fact, people who join in Earth Hour say that taking part makes them want to do more for the environment.(事实上，参与“地球一小时”活动的人们说，参与这一活动让他们想为环境做更多的事情。)”具体进一步说明人们在地球一个小时活动后想做更多的有关环保事情。选项中The plus和上文中+号语义一致，选项和上下文语义通顺，逻辑合理。故选G项。20. 下文“Musician

56、s give concerts by playing acoustic(原声的) instruments instead of electric ones, and using candles instead of electric lights. Celebrity chefs have created special recipes for families to prepare and eat by candlelight.(音乐家们举行音乐会的方式是使用原声乐器而不是电子乐器，使用蜡烛而不是电灯。名厨为家庭制作了特别的食谱，让他们在烛光下享用。)”说明本段主要讲述除了关灯，人们做的其他

57、节约能源的事情，选项D“除了关灯，人们参与其他活动。”位于段首，概括点明本段主题，说明本段讲述内容是除了关灯以外的其他活动。故选D项。第二部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分30分）第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I was recently involved in a bad traffic accident. I was knocked unconscious by the impact so I dont _21_ anything about the accident. My first

58、 memory is being given oxygen as the doctors and nurses tried to _22_ me back to life.As I lay in the emergency room, I found myself _23_ my life and thanking God that I was still _24_. The good news is that nobody else was _25_.Since that day, the physical recovery has been _26_ but not as tough as

59、 the emotional recovery. Ive learned a lot about myself and about what really _27_ in this world. Things that are really important are not “things”. Im not invincible(无敌的) and I cannot _28_ everything that happens in my life. I need to be better at _29_ the things that come into my way that I didnt

60、plan for. As someone who was always in a _30_, it taught me to slow down a little. I have learned to live each day honestly and _31_._32_ I continue to heal physically and emotionally, I have a different opinion on _33_. When tragedy strikes, you can either let it _34_ your spirit, or use it as an o