电动汽车充电站建设与应用课件

1、北京交通大学 Beijing Jiaotong University电气工程学院School of Electrical Engineering1电动汽车充电站建设与应用Construction and Application of Electric Vehicle Charging Station 北京交通大学 1电动汽车充电站建设与应用主要内容 Main 9/25/20222 1. 充电站建设现状Situation of Charging Station Construction 2. 充电站建设关键技术Key technologies of Charging Station Constr

2、uction 3. 项目启动情况Initiation of Projects 主要内容 Main 9/24/20222 1. 充电站建2009、2019 121路公交线14辆车，28台充电机 121 bus line, 14 EVs,28 chargers 密云开发区10余辆车，10台充电机 Miyun Industrial Development Zone, over 10 EVs, 10chargers 20192019奥运会充电站世界最大55辆纯电动大巴，多项创新技术 Charging Station for Olympic Games 55 EV buses,the largest s

3、cale in the world, Several innovative technologies四惠大型永久纯电动公交车充电站 large-scale permanent EV charging station in Sihui 航天桥、白云观纯电动环卫车充电站 EV sanitation charging station in Hangtian Qiao、Baiyun Guan 宏 图future跨 越develop起 步Start北京市 Beijing国 内 充 电 站 现 状Situation of Charging Station北京市科委示范充电站 多种电能补给模式， 国 内首个

4、包含光伏、 储能的微网系统 Demonstration charging station of Beijing Municipal Science and Technology, Various energy supply mode, The First micro-grid system with photovoltaic and energy storage in China .2009、2019 121路公交线14辆车，28北京121路电动公交客车充电站Beijing Bus 121 Charging Station 28台 30kW49/25/2022国 内 充 电 站 现 状Situ

5、ation of Charging Station北京121路电动公交客车充电站Beijing Bus 12北京奥运大巴充电站EV Bus Charging Station for Olympic Games 240台 79kW59/25/2022国 内 充 电 站 现 状Situation of Charging Station北京奥运大巴充电站EV Bus Charging Stat北京纯电动乘用车示范充电站Beijing Demonstration Charging Station of Pure Electric Passenger Vehicles 多种供电方式 Various mo

6、de of power supply 25kWp光伏发电系统 25kWp photovoltaic power generation system 50kWh储能系统 50kWh energy storage system 多种电能补给模式 Various mode of charging 慢充 Slow charging 快充 Fast charging 69/25/2022国 内 充 电 站 现 状Situation of Charging Station北京纯电动乘用车示范充电站Beijing Demonstr北京纯电动乘用车示范充电站Beijing Demonstration Char

7、ging Station of Pure Electric Passenger Vehicles 79/25/2022国 内 充 电 站 现 状Situation of Charging Station北京纯电动乘用车示范充电站Beijing Demonstr8上海市 Shanghai9/25/2022 以奥运会充电站为模板follow the Olympic Games as a template 车辆更多（120辆） 规模更大more Vehicles (120) larger scale 多项关键技术升级Many upgraded key technology 运营管理方式升级upgra

8、ded Operations management 世博会充电站Charging Station for Expo 电力公司投资建设、面 向不同用户需求The investment ofthe power companiesFor different user needs 超前设计理念Advanced design concepts 无人值守全天候运行Uninterrupted and Unattended running 先进计量、计费管理方式Advanced metering andbilling management 上海市漕溪充电站Shanghai Caoxi Charging Sta

9、tion 国网公司世博会展示内容Demonstration in the Expoof the State Grid Corporation 智能电网的重要组成部分An important componentof smart grid 国内领先的设计思路leading design concept in China 上海市V2G示范充电站Shanghai V2G demonstration charging station 国 内 充 电 站 现 状Situation of Charging Station8上海市 Shanghai9/24/2022 以奥运会充上海电力公司漕溪充电站Charg

10、ing Station of Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company in Caoxi 99/25/2022国 内 充 电 站 现 状Situation of Charging Station上海电力公司漕溪充电站Charging Station o上海世博会充电站Shanghai Charging Station for Expo 上海世博会充电站109/25/2022国 内 充 电 站 现 状Situation of Charging Station上海世博会充电站Shanghai Charging Sta天津充电站 Tianjin Chargi

11、ng Station 119/25/2022 纯电动、混合动力 PEV HEV 电力公司参与 Power companies 纯电动车辆 PEV 示范运行 Demonstration 泰达公交Taida Bus 市区公交Urban Bus国 内 充 电 站 现 状Situation of Charging Station天津充电站 Tianjin Charging Stati河南鄢陵花木园充电站 Yanling Huamuyuan Charging Stations in Henan129/25/2022国 内 充 电 站 现 状Situation of Charging Station河南鄢

12、陵花木园充电站 Yanling Huamuyuan 13工作成果 Achievements工艺设计Process Design技术咨询Technical Advisory参与标准制定Participation in standard-setting 奥运会、世博会、天津、漕溪、鄢陵等Olympics, Expo, Tianjin, Caoxi, Yanling, etc. 公交公司、电力公司、设计院等多家单位Public transport companies, power companies, design institutes etc. 天津、上海、河南等电力公司Power Company

13、 of Tianjin, Shanghai and Henan 国家标准、国外公司标准National standards, standards for foreign companies 工 作 成 果Achievements9/25/202213工作成果 Achievements工艺设计技术咨询参与标14工作成果 Achievements整体解决方案Total Solution前沿趋势研究Research in Cutting-edge trends 充电站规划、设计、系统方案Planning, design, system solutions of Charging station 充电

14、设备、监控系统等Charging equipment, monitoring systems, etc. 计量计费系统等Metering and Billing System V2G、微网系统、智能电网等V2G, Micro-Grid, and Smart Grid 工 作 成 果Achievements9/25/202214工作成果 Achievements整体解决方案前沿趋势主要内容 Main 9/25/202215 1. 充电站建设现状Situation of Charging Station Construction 2. 充电站建设关键技术Key technologies of Ch

15、arging Station Construction 3. 项目启动情况Initiation of Projects 主要内容 Main 9/24/202215 1. 充电站关 键 技 术Key Technologies169/25/2022充电站建设关键技术Key Technologies 优化配置能源补给Optimal Allocation of energy supplies 计费计量Metering and Billing 监控系统Monitoring System 谐波分析Harmonic Analysis 充电站规划布局Layout out of Charging Station

16、 维护系统Maintenance System 配电容量Distribution Capacity 成组应用Pack Applications 充电站建设关键技术Key Technologies of Charging Station Construction 关 键 技 术169/24/2022充电站建设优化配置计费计深入研究工作 Further Research动力电池能源补给模式研究 Study of energy supply mode of dynamic battery 能源补给方式适用性 The Applicability of the Energy Supply Mode 电池

17、快速充电技术 Fast Charge Technology of Dynamic Battery 动力电池更换策略 Replacement Tactics of Dynamic Battery 淘汰电池筛选方法和筛选系统研究 Research on method and selection of faded battery selection 电池的梯级利用 Cascade Utilization of the Battery 锂离子动力电池筛选方法和设备 Methods and Equipment of Lithium-ion Battery selection 充电站及车辆的综合监控与运营

18、调度体系研究 Research on system of integrated monitoring of Charging station and vehicle, and scheduling and operation 充电站及车辆综合监控与运营调度系统拓扑结构 System Topology 控制策略、测试平台 Control Strategies, Test Platform 通信规约 Communication Protocol 深 入 研 究Further Research9/25/202217深入研究工作 Further Research动力电池能源动力电池能源补给模式研究St

19、udy of energy supply mode of dynamic battery 9/25/202218主要能源补给方式：电池更换、车载充电、地面常规充电、地面快速充电；Primary energy supply mode ：Battery exchange, on-board charger, ground normal charging, fast charging；纯电动公交大巴和大、中型纯电动环卫车：由于其特殊的定点定线运行、大密度发车、电池容量大等特点，电池更换是比较适合的能源补给模式。但是这种类型的充电站占地面积大，对电网容量要求高，设备投资大；EV buses, larg

20、e and medium-sized electric sanitation vehicles ： Because of its unique characteristics of fixed point and fixed-line operation, big density of starting out, large batteries capacity, etc. the battery exchange is a more appropriate mode of energy supply.But this kind of charging station covers a lar

21、ge area, requires a high grid capacity and a large investment in equipment； 深 入 研 究Further Research动力电池能源补给模式研究Study of energy s动力电池能源补给模式研究Study of energy supply mode of dynamic battery 9/25/202219纯电动乘用车和小型纯电动环卫车：充电方法目前还没有形成体系，如果采用分散式的整车充电方式，占地少，对电网增容压力不大；由于节省了更换设备和备用电池，设备投资也能大幅度降低。由于现有的充电技术尚未解决快速充

22、电问题，致使充电时间较长 。Electric passenger vehicles and small electric sanitation vehicles ： As the charging method has not yet been systemized, if decentralized vehicle charging method is adopted, it covers less area and poses less pressure on the grid; due to saved exchange equipment and spare batteries, eq

23、uipment investment can be significantly reduced.As the existing charging technology issues yet to be resolved of fast charging, charging time。 深 入 研 究Further Research动力电池能源补给模式研究Study of energy s电池梯级利用与筛选Cascade utilization and selection of the battery 9/25/202220电池的回收和再利用：锂离子电池容量衰减到80%后，就不能在电动汽车中使用

24、；Battery recycling and reuse: Lithium-ion battery can not be used in EV when its capacity faded to 80% ；电池再利用价值：通过电池的梯级利用，将电池应用到其他类领域，至少降低车用动力电池购置成本20%；Battery reuse value: through cascade use of the battery, battery can be applied to other fields, thus the acquisition cost of battery of EV could be

25、 reduced 20% at least； 深 入 研 究Further Research电池梯级利用与筛选Cascade utilization 电池梯级利用与筛选Cascade utilization and selection of the battery 9/25/202221储能应用：通过电池的大规模储能应用，可以对电网进行削峰填谷，降低充电站负荷的波动，减少对电网的影响； Energy Storage Applications: through large-scale energy storage applications of battery, the peak and val

26、ley load of the grid could be shifted; this could reduce the fluctuations of the load and the impact on the power grid；电池筛选：通过梯级利用电池的容量衰减规律对淘汰电池进行合理筛选，将参数处于同一水平的电池进行合理配组，能够有效的提高车辆淘汰电池容量利用率，延长车辆淘汰电池的继续使用寿命。 Battery selection: using the cascade decay law of the battery capacity to select battery, and

27、grouping battery with parameters of the same level, could effectively improve the capacity utilization of the faded battery, and to extend the life of faded battery 。 深 入 研 究Further Research电池梯级利用与筛选Cascade utilization 充电站及车辆的综合监控与运营调度体系研究9/25/202222 深 入 研 究Further ResearchResearch on system of inte

28、grated monitoring of Charging station and vehicle, and scheduling and operation充电站及车辆的综合监控与运营调度体系研究9/24/2022智能电网 Smart Grid 发 展 趋 势development trend 9/25/202223 按照国家新能源汽车产业发展规划，预计2020年，仅上海市的电动汽车 市场规模就可达到约35万辆，必将成为不可忽视的分布式储能单元。According to developing plan of the national new energy automotive industr

29、y, electric vehicle market of Shanghai is expected to reach about 35 million in 2020, It would become a distributed energy storage units which can not be ignored. 电动汽车作为分布式储能单元接入电网已成为“智能电网” 的重要组成部分。 Electric vehicles have become an important component of smart grid to access grid as a distributed en

30、ergy storage unit . 德国、美国等发达国家已开展V2G（Vehicle to Grid）相关技术研究。 Germany, the United States and other developed countries have undertaken studies related to V2G (Vehicle to Grid) technology. 智能电网 Smart Grid 发 展 趋 势9/24/2V2G概况 V2G Situation9/25/202224 V2G指电动车辆的能量在受控状态下实现与电网的双向交换 V2G refers to achieve of

31、a two-way exchange between the energy of electric vehicles and the grid in a controlled state. 接入电网的电动汽车数量足够多，可以作为可移动的分布式储能装置，用于： If the number of EVs access to the grid is large enough, they could be distributed as a removable storage device, for: V2G对未来电动汽车商业模式将产生重大影响 V2G will have a major impact

32、on the future business model of EVsV2G要实现商业化应用，最总依赖于电池技术的进步。（更长的循环寿命，更大的比能量）The commercial application of V2G depends on the battery technology.(Longer cycle life, greater energy ratio) 调峰 Grid balancing services 旋转备用 Spinning reserves 新能源介入 new energy access 发 展 趋 势development trend V2G概况 V2G Situa

33、tion9/24/202229/25/2022V2G概况 V2G Situation目前V2G相关研究与示范都在美国Present research and demonstration of V2G is all in the U.S. 美国特立华大学 University of Delaware 美国特立华大学Kempton教授领导的团队，正在开展V2G试点研究In America, the team led by Professor, Kempton of University of Delaware , are carrying out pilot studies of V2G； 201

34、9年10月，成功将一辆AC Propulsion“eBox”（Toyota Scion改装车）Successfully refitted a AC Propulsion“eBox” in Oct. 2019； 接入电网并接受调度命令 connected to grid and receive dispatching command 车辆作为调峰发电设备 the Vehicles behaved as grid balancing equipment 25发 展 趋 势development trend 9/24/2022V2G概况 V2G Situation目9/25/2022V2G概况 V2

35、G Situation PG&E：一定数量的丰田普锐斯PHEV在GOOGLE园区示范PG & E: a certain number of the Toyota Prius PHEV demonstration in the GOOGLE Park Xcel Energy：6辆福特EscapeXcel Energy: 6 Ford Escape 其他研究V2G的机构有：国家可再生能源实验室，Warwick大学Other institutions researching V2G are: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Warwick Universi

36、ty开展V2G示范的电力公司有The power companies carrying demonstration of V2G are: 26发 展 趋 势development trend 9/24/2022V2G概况 V2G Situation9/25/202227微网系统 Micro-Grid System分布式储能Distributed Generation & Storage光伏新能源Renewable电动汽车Electric Vehicle电表Advanced Metering控制接口网络Internet智能用户端设备Smart End-Use Devices发 展 趋 势dev

37、elopment trend 9/24/202227微网系统 Micro-Grid Sy充放电站微网Charge and Discharge Station Mico-grid9/25/202228发 展 趋 势development trend photovoltaic Charge and discharge station Important load common load 充放电站微网9/24/202228发 展 趋 势photov主要内容 Main 9/25/202229 1. 充电站建设现状Situation of Charging Station Construction 2.

38、 充电站建设关键技术Key technologies of Charging Station Construction 3. 项目启动情况Initiation of Projects 主要内容 Main 9/24/202229 1. 充电站目前进展 Project Situation充电站供电方式和充电机比较 Comparison of Charging Station Power Supply Mode and Charger 充电站的优化设计方案 Optimal Design of Charging Station 充电站与电网的相互影响 Interaction of Charging s

39、tation and grid 9/25/202230目 前 进 展Project Situation目前进展 Project Situation充电站供电方充电站供电方式Charging Station Power Supply Mode 收集资料、比较直流供电和交流供电的充电站系统拓扑结构； Collecting information, comparing the system topology of DC and AC powered charging station; 分析充电站的供电方式与充电机的主电路结构的关系。 Analysis of the relationship betw

40、een the power supply mode of charging station and the main circuit structure of charger .9/25/202231目 前 进 展Project Situation充电站供电方式Charging Station Power9/25/202232供 电 方 式Power Supply Mode直流供电DC Supply交流供电AC Supply9/24/202232供 电 方 式直流供电交流供电充电机结构charger structure 建立了一般高频充电机（不控整流桥的充电机）单台充电机仿真模型，并进行了验证

41、； Established and verified simulation model of a single conventional high-frequency charger;建立了十二脉波整流充电机单台充电机仿真模型。 Established simulation model of a single 12-pulse rectifier charger. 9/25/202233目 前 进 展Project Situation充电机结构charger structure 建立了一般9/25/202234充 电 机 模 型Charger Model 单台充电机接入系统仿真模型Simula

42、tion model of a single charger connected to grid 9/24/202234充 电 机 模 型单台充电机接入系统仿9/25/202235不控整流充电机仿真模型Simulation Model of uncontrolled rectifier charger 充 电 机 模 型Charger Model 9/24/202235不控整流充电机仿真模型充 电 机 模 9/25/202236十二脉波整流充电机单台充电机仿真模型Simulation Model of a single12-pulse rectifier charger 充 电 机 模 型Ch

43、arger Model 9/24/202236十二脉波整流充电机单台充电机仿真模型充充电站的优化设计方案Optimal Design of Charging Station 建立了充电站直流供电方式中DC-DC斩波器的仿真模型，并搭建了实验电路，计算并初步验证了该部分的功率损耗及运行效率； Established simulation model of DC-DC chopper in DC powered charging station, built the experimental circuit, calculated and validated the power loss and

44、efficiency of this part;建立了两种供电方式中DC-AC逆变电路的仿真模型，并搭建了试验样机，目前正在进行实验，以验证理论上对该部分通态损耗分析相关结果； Established simulation model of DC-AC inverter circuit in two modes of power supply, and built an experimental prototype. Currently conducting an experiment to validate the result of the on-state loss analysis calculated in theory; 9/25/202237目 前 进 展Project Situation充电站的优化设计方案Optimal Design of C充电站的优化设计方案O