初高中衔接英语：非谓语动词 导学案

I.LearningobjectivesBytheendoftheclass,studentswillbeableto区分谓语动词和非谓语动词了解非谓语动词在句子中充当的成分初步掌握如何区分非谓语动词的三种形式II.Keycompetencefocus1.区分谓语动词和非谓语动词2.区分非谓语动词的三种形式Step1Self-study(beforeclass)概述：谓语动词——在句子中担任谓语的动词非谓语动词——是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分使用条件：一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词），又没有连词的情况下,还有别的动词出现时。基本形式：不定式(todo)、动名词(V-ing)、分词(过去分词V-ed;现在分词V-ing)基本功能：1.不定式(todo/nottodo)(1)主语：Tomasteraforeignlanguagerequirespainstakingeffort.(2)表语：Theimportantthingistostudyhard.(3)宾语★：Ican’taffordtobuysuchabighouse.相关动词：can’twait/want/wouldlike/learn/wish/hope/decide/agree/plan/refuse/affordtodosth(4)宾补★(动词+宾语+todo)：Iadviseyoutoleave.相关动词：tell/ask/allow/advise/encourage/invite/expect/teachsb.todosth.(5)定语:通常用来表示即将发生的动作，一般放在所修饰名词或代词的后面achancetodosth做某事的一个机会alotofworktodo许多要做的工作(6)状语★：Igotupearlytocatchtheearlybus.(目的)Iamgladtoseeyouagain.(原因)(7)“what/how/where/when...+不定式”在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语及介词宾语eg.Canyoutellmewhattodonext?2.动名词(V-ing)(1)主语:Studyinghardisveryimportanttous.(2)表语:Myhobbyisplayingbasketball.(3)宾语★:Hefinishedreadingthebookyesterday.相关动词：advise/suggest(建议)/miss(错过)/avoid(避免)/finish/enjoy/practice(练习)/imagine(想象)/consider(考虑)/mind(介意)/keep(一直做)/feellike(喜欢)/giveup(放弃)doingsth.(4)定语(说明该名词的功用或与之相关的动作)awritingdesk写字台asmokingroom吸烟室 3.分词(过去分词V-ed;现在分词V-ing)(1)定语：Themanstandingthereismyfather.ThestorywrittenbyTomisinteresting.(2)宾补：Myfatherhadonlytwomenworkingforhim.Ihaveneverheardthissongsungsosweetly.(4)表语：Thenewsissurprising.(3)状语★：Hearingthenews,hecouldn'thelplaughing.Givenenoughtime,Icandoitbetter.由上可知，非谓语动词在句中可充当除谓语外的各种成分，请你在对应处打√主语表语宾语补语定语状语不定式√动名词√分词Step2Reflectionafterself-studyPractice1朗读短文，画出谓语动词（）和非谓语动词（₌₌₌₌₌₌₌）LiMingisfondofsportsandisgoodatsinginganddancing.Shestudieshardtogotoagoodcollege.Whenshecametoschool,shehadquitealotofdifficultiesstudyingEnglish.Butshewasnotafraidofthemandalwaystriedhardtoovercomethem.Beingactiveinclass,sheisverypopularwithclassmates.Praisedbyteachers,LiMingstaysmodestandisalwaysreadytohelpothers.Shesetsusafineexample.Practice2判断使用谓语还是非谓语1.Thebook_________(write)bySanMao.2.He_________(go)intotheclassroom,openedhisbookandwroteontheblackboard.3.Althoughitiswinternow,thetreeintheyard__________(look)beautiful.4.Thegirlthatlivesinthecity__________(make)aphonecalltothefarmeryesterday.5.Shegotoffthebus,____________(hold)herbook.Step3Exploringthedifficulties（Ssdiscussanddrawaconclusion）Question1何时使用非谓语动词1.Thegirl_____________(dance)intheclassroomnow.2.Thegirl___________(dance)intheclassroomnowandshelooksveryconfident.3.Thegirl_________（dance)intheclassroomnowlooksveryconfident.4.Thegirlwho___________(dance)intheclassroomnowlooksveryconfident.结论：一个句子只能有主谓，已经有一个，又没有的情况下，另一个需要用非谓语动词。Question2再读Practice1，思考：如何区分谓语动词和非谓语动词结论：怎样变形才能成为非谓语？三种形式：Question3三种形式如何区分？TodoMr.Victorcametoourclassroom(have)atalklastweekHeoftenworkshard___________(earn)moremoney.Weplan(visit)ourEnglishteacherthisafternoon.总结：动词不定式todo在句中通常表______.V+ingHesathere,(read)anewspaper.________(hear)thenews,hecouldnothelplaughing.Weseethem_________(dance)intheTVnow.Ilike(swim)because(swim)isaninterestingactivity.总结：现在分词通常在句子表动作是______和______的.动名词通常在句子中充当______和______成分.V+ed__________(point)atbyothers,hewastold“Nozuonodiewhyyoutry”.Youcandrink__________(boil)water.(criticize)bytheteacher,shefeltunhappy.总结：过去分词通常在句子表动作是______.Step4Practice1._________withmyfather’shandwriting,mineispoor.A.Compare B.Compared C.Comparing D.Compares2.—Whydomanyfarmersputtheirproductsonlinethesedays?—_______themmoreeasily.A.Tosell B.Sell C.Selling3.Mostofusenjoy__________toourmothersspeak,becauseourbrainsgreatlypreferthevoicesofourownmothers.A.listeningB.listenC.tolisten4.Ourgovernmenttriestodoeverythingtheycan______peopleliveabetterlife.A.tohelp B.help C.helping D.helped5.Wecanovercomeallthedifficultiesby______together.A.work B.works C.working D.worked/r