考研考博-英语-北京服装学院考试押题卷含答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-北京服装学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Thedoctorsaidhisnewstrategyhadstartedto（

）,predictingthatthepatient’sconditionwouldimproveinthecomingmonths.

问题1选项

A.payoff

B.pickup

C.showup

D.sortout

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.payoff付清；取得成功B.pickup学会；获得；染上……疾病

C.showup露面；揭露D.sortout挑选；分类

【答案】A

【考查点】词组辨析。

【解题思路】医生说他的新策略已经开始……他预测病人的病情将在未来几个月好转。由本句后半句句意“病人的病情将在未来几个月好转”可知新策略已经生效、取得成功了，所以A选项“付清，取得成功”符合句意。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均不符合句意。

【句意】医生说他的新策略已经开始生效，他预测病人的病情将在未来几个月好转。

2.单选题

Thereiswidespreadbeliefthattheemergenceofgiantindustrieshasbeenaccompaniedbyanequivalentsurgeinindustrialresearch.Arecentstudyofimportantinventionsmadesincetheturnofthecenturyrevealsthatmorethanhalfweretheproductofindividualinventorsworkingalone,independentoforganizedindustrialresearch.Whileindustriallaboratoriescontributedsuchimportantproductsasnylonandtransistors,independentinventorsdevelopedairconditioning,theautomatictransmission,thejetengine,thehelicopter,insulin,andstreptomycin.Stillotherinventions,suchasstainlesssteel,television,silicones,andPlexiglasweredevelopedthroughthecombinedeffortsofindividualsandlaboratoryteams.

Despitethesefinding,weareurgedtosupportmonopolisticpoweronthegroundsthatsuchpowercreatesanenvironmentsupportiveofinnovation.Wearetoldthattheindependentinventor,alongwiththesmallfirm,cannotaffordtoundertaketheimportantresearchneededtoimproveourstandardoflivingwhileprotectingourdiminishingresources;thatonlythegiantcorporationorconglomerate,withitsprodigiousassets,canaffordthekindofexpendituresthatproducethetechnologicaladvancesvitaltoeconomicprogress.Butwhenweexamineexpendituresforresearch,wefindthatofthemorethan$35billionspenteachyearinthiscountry,almosttwo-thirdsisspentbythefederalgovernment.Morethanhalfofthisgovernmentexpenditureisfunneledintomilitaryresearchandproductdevelopment,accountingfortheenormousincreaseinspendinginsuchindustriesasnuclearenergy,aircraft,missiles,andelectronics.Therearethosewhoconsideritquestionablethatthesedefense-linkedresearchprojectswilleitherimproveourstandardoflivingordomuchtoprotectourdiminishingresources.

Recenthistoryhasdemonstratedthatwemayhavetoalterourlongstandingconceptionoftheprocessactuatedbycompetition.Thepricevariable,onceperceivedasthedominantaspectoftheprocess,isnowsubordinatetothecompetitionofthenewproduct,thenewbusinessstructure,andthenewtechnology.Whileitcanbeassumedthatinahighlycompetitiveindustrynotdominatedbyasinglecorporation,investmentininnovation—ariskyandexpensivebudgetitem—mightmeetresistancefrommanagementandstockholdersconcernedaboutcost-cutting,efficientorganization,andlargeadvertisingbudgets,itwouldbeanegregiouserrortoequatethemonopolisticproducerwithbountifulexpendituresonresearch.Large-scaleenterprisestendtooperatemorecomfortablyinstableandsecurecircumstances,andtheirmanagerialbureaucraciestendtopromotethestatusquoandresistthethreatimplicitinchange.Moreover,insomecases,industrialgiantsfacedwithlittleornocompetitionseektoavoidthecapitallossresultingfromobsolescencebydeliberatelyobstructingtechnologicalprogress.Bycontrast,smallfirmsundeterredbylargeinvestmentsinplantandcapitalequipmentoftenaggressivelypursuenewtechniquesandnewproducts,investingininnovationinordertoexpandtheirmarketshares.

Theconglomeratesarenot,however,completelyexceptfromstrongcompetitivepressures.ThereareinstancesinwhichtheytoomustcompetewithanotherindustrialGoliath,andthentheirweaponsmayincludelargeexpendituresforinnovation.

36.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（）.

37.Accordingtothepassage,importantinventionsofthetwentiethcentury（）.

38.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthesecondparagraphofthepassage?

39.Withwhichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthorofthepassagebemostlikelytoagree?

40.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmostweakentheauthor’smainpoint?

问题1选项

A.advocateanincreaseingovernmentsupportoforganizedindustrialresearch

B.pointoutacommonmisconceptionabouttherelationshipbetweentheextentofindustrialresearchandthegrowthofmonopolisticpowerinindustry

C.describetheinadequaciesofsmallfirmsindealingwiththeimportantmatterofresearchandinnovation

D.showthatAmerica’sstrengthdependsuponindividualingenuityandresourcefulness

问题2选项

A.wereproducedlargelyasaresultofgovernmentalsupportformilitaryweaponsresearchanddevelopment.

B.cameprimarilyfromthehugelaboratoriesofmonopolisticindustries

C.wereproducedatleastasfrequentlybyindependentinventorsasbyresearchteams

D.havegreaterimpactonsmallerfirmsthanonconglomerates

问题3选项

A.Expendituresforvariousaspectsofresearcharelisted.

B.Reasonsforsupportingmonopolisticpoweraregivenandthenquestioned.

C.Argumentsarepresentedforminimizingcompetitivebiddingforresearch.

D.Resourcesnecessaryforresearcharedefined.

问题4选项

A.Monopolisticpowercreatesanenvironmentsupportiveofinnovation.

B.Governmentalexpenditureformilitaryresearchwilldomuchtoprotectourdwindlingresources.

C.Industrialgiants,withtheirmanagerialbureaucracies,respondmorequicklytotechnologicalchangethansmallerfirmsdo.

D.Firmswithasmallshareofthemarketaggressivelypursueinnovationsbecausetheyarenotlockedintooldcapitalequipment.

问题5选项

A.Inthelastdecade,conglomerateshavesignificantlyincreasedtheirresearchbudgetsfordefensetechnology.

B.Taxrestructuringpermitssmallerfirmstowriteoffalargerpercentageofprofitsagainstresearch.

C.Aten-yearstudyoftheextentofresourcesdevotedtoresearchbysmallerenterprisesrevealsasteadydecline.

D.Militaryresearchisbeingdirectedmoreextensivelytospacetechnologythantoshort-rangemissiles.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】36.主旨目的题。文章第一段是全文的主题段，前两句的对比指出了文章的主旨，“Thereiswidespreadbeliefthattheemergenceofgiantindustrieshasbeenaccompaniedbyanequivalentsurgeinindustrialresearch.Arecentstudyofimportantinventionsmadesincetheturnofthecenturyrevealsthatmorethanhalfweretheproductofindividualinventorsworkingalone,independentoforganizedindustrialresearch.”即大型工业的发展不代表工业研究投入的增加。从而得出本题答案。

37.

细节事实题。根据题干关键词importantinventions定位到原文第一段第二句。“Arecentstudyofimportantinventionsmadesincetheturnofthecenturyrevealsthatmorethanhalfweretheproductofindividualinventorsworkingalone,independentoforganizedindustrialresearch.（最近一项关于世纪之交以来重要发明的研究显示，超过一半的发明是独立于有组织的工业研究的单个发明家的发明。）”从而得出本题答案。

38.

细节推理题。根据题干定位到原文第二段。第二段第二句“Wearetoldthattheindependentinventor,alongwiththesmallfirm,cannotaffordtoundertaketheimportantresearchneededtoimproveourstandardoflivingwhileprotectingourdiminishingresources;thatonlythegiantcorporationorconglomerate,withitsprodigiousassets,canaffordthekindofexpendituresthatproducethetechnologicaladvancesvitaltoeconomicprogress.”指出，用于改善生活标准的研究只能由大型企业承担，但在第三句“Butwhenweexamineexpendituresforresearch,wefindthatofthemorethan$35billionspenteachyearinthiscountry,almosttwo-thirdsisspentbythefederalgovernment.”又指出，研究发现政府支出的用于工业研究的资金有一大部分用于防御项目，有人对这些研究是否会提高生活标准提出质疑。从而得出本题答案。

39.

细节事实题。定位第三段最后一句。“Bycontrast,smallfirmsundeterredbylargeinvestmentsinplantandcapitalequipmentoftenaggressivelypursuenewtechniquesandnewproducts,investingininnovationinordertoexpandtheirmarketshares.（相比之下，小公司不受大型工厂和资本设备投资的阻碍，往往积极追求新技术和新产品，投资于创新，以扩大其市场份额。）”即可得出本题答案。

40.

细节判断题。通过阅读文章后发现，作者的主要观点是看好小公司的发展前途，所以削弱的话，必然是对小公司进行负面评价，从而得出本题答案。

3.单选题

Oncloser______,however,theplacehassubtlemarksofdistinction.

问题1选项

A.inspection

B.inspiration

C.expectation

D.execution

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项inspection“视察，检查”；B选项inspiration“灵感；鼓舞；吸气；妙计”；C选项expectation“期待；预期；指望”；D选项execution“执行，实行；完成；死刑”。句意：然而，仔细观察，这个地方有微妙的区别。因此A选项正确。

4.单选题

Sincethecouplecouldn't（

）theirdifference,theydecidedtogetadivorce.

问题1选项

A.revise

B.resume

C.reconcile

D.repel

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。revise“更正，修改”；resume“（中断后）重新开始”；reconcile“使和解，调解”；repel“击退”。句意：那对夫妇不能和解分歧，所以决定离婚。C项符合题意，答案C

5.单选题

Intime，thewomanwaspersuadedtotrythisnewformofdisciplineandto（）afailuretogototimeoutbythewithdrawalofsomeprivilege.

问题1选项

A.backoff

B.backup

C.backdown

D.backwith

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词短语辨析。backoff“后腿；卸下”；backup“支持；承认；证实”；backdown“放弃，让步”；backwith，无此短语用法。句意：后来,这个女的被说服去试着接受这项新处罚，……自己的过错,并被撤销了一些特权暂停了工作。因此B选项符合题意。

6.单选题

We’ll（

）youforanydamagedonetoyourhousewhileweareinit.

问题1选项

A.compensate

B.remedy

C.supplement

D.retrieve

【答案】A

【解析】句意:居住期间对你房子所造成的任何损坏，我们都会赔偿你。

动词辨析。compensate赔偿,补偿;remedy改进,补救;supplement补充;retrieve取回，索回。故A符合句意。

7.单选题

Duanejumpedintothepoolimmediatelyafterlunch,determinedto______theideathatonemustwait30minutesbetweeneatingandswimming.

问题1选项

A.concede

B.debunk

C.placate

D.dupe

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.concede承认，让步B.debunk批判，驳斥，揭穿……的真相

C.placate抚慰，使和解D.dupe欺骗，愚弄

【答案】B

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据后面的同位语从句内容“一个人必须在吃饭后30分钟才能游泳”，结合主句意思“杜安饭后立即跳进游泳池”可知，______theidea表示的是“反驳这个说法”。因此，该题选择B项符合句意。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】杜安饭后立即跳进游泳池，决心要反驳这个说法，即一个人必须在吃饭后30分钟才能游泳。

8.单选题

Anydriverstoppedbythepoliceforsomeminortraffic（

）canbeaskedtotakeatestforalcoholicdrinking.

问题1选项

A.violation

B.accident

C.congestion

D.problem

【答案】A

【解析】violation违反，妨碍，侵害；accident意外，事故；congestion拥挤，拥塞。句意：任何因轻微交通违章被警察拦下的司机都可以被要求做酒精测试。选项A符合句意。

9.单选题

Ifyoucan’tgiveupsmokingcompletely,atleasttryto（

）.

问题1选项

A.takedown

B.turndown

C.cutdown

D.setdown

【答案】C

【解析】takedown放下,记下；turndown关小,调低；cutdown削减,减少；settledown定居,专心于。句意:如果你不能完全戒烟,至少应该试着减少吸烟。选项C符合句意。

10.单选题

Mr.Smithbecamevery____whenitwassuggestedthathehadmadeamistake.

问题1选项

A.ingenious

B.empirical

C.objective

D.indignant

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.ingenious精巧的；新颖独特的B.empirical经验主义的

C.objective客观的D.indignant愤慨的；愤怒的

【答案】D

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】句意：当有人暗示史密斯先生犯了一个错误时，他变得非常……。根据逻辑，当有人指出自己错误的时候，人们会感到非常愤怒。因此史密斯先生被指出错误时会变得愤怒。因此选D。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。

【句意】当有人暗示史密斯先生犯了一个错误时，他变得非常愤怒。

11.单选题

Myworkwithleadersfromallwalksoflifehas（

）methattheywerenotbornleaders—theyaremade.

问题1选项

A.advocated

B.implied

C.convinced

D.illustrated

【答案】C

【解析】convincesb.that“使某人相信...”。句意:我与各行各业领导人的共事让我相信,他们不是天生的领导者,而是后天形成的。选项C正确。

12.单选题

Within,the（）ofgivendata,thebiographerseekstoilluminatefactualinformationaboutapersonandtransformsitintoinsight.

问题1选项

A.bounds

B.archives

C.networks

D.goals

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。bound界限，限制；archive档案文件；network网络；goal目标。句意：在给定数据的界限内，这个传记作家试图解释一个人的事实信息，然后将其转化为洞察力。

13.单选题

Signsofagingareunavoidable,（

）ofparticularinteresttocosmeticcompanies.

问题1选项

A.butthosethatcanbedisguisedare

B.butthosecanbedisguisedare

C.butthatcanbedisguisedis

D.butallonethatcanbedisguisedis

【答案】A

【解析】考查定语从句。those指代signs，that引导从句修饰those。

句意：衰老的迹象是不可避免，但化妆品公司却对那些能够被掩盖的迹象十分感兴趣。

14.单选题

Herhusbandisvery（）electrician,hecouldrepairallkindsofelectricappliances.

问题1选项

A.industrious

B.competent

C.careful

D.generous

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项industrious“勤勉的”；B选项competent“有能力的；胜任的”；C选项careful“小心的；仔细的”；D选项generous“慷慨的；大方的”。句意：她丈夫是一个……的电工，他可以修理各种电器。后半句关键词repair“修理”，可知他是有能力做好的。故选B。

15.单选题

Ifhockeyplayersaretoo（

）,theyarepenalized.

问题1选项

A.clumsy

B.aggressive

C.brisk

D.flexible

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。clumsy“笨拙的”；aggressive“侵略性的，好斗的”；brisk“敏锐的，活泼的”；flexible“灵活的，柔韧的，易弯曲的”。句意：如果曲棍球选手太过于具有攻击性，将会被处罚。选项B符合题意。

16.单选题

Thecomputercanbeprogrammedto（

）awholevarietyoftasks.

问题1选项

A.assign

B.tackle

C.realize

D.solve

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析。句意:计算机可以通过编程来各种各样的任务。

assign指派,分配;tackle处理;realize意识到;solve解决。故B项符合句意。

17.单选题

Theotherday,IsawGrandpasittinginthegarden______themoonwhilemurmuringtohimself.

问题1选项

A.staringat

B.lookingat

C.glancingat

D.gazingat

【答案】D

【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项stareat“凝视；盯着；目不转睛地看”；B选项lookat“看；考虑；着眼于”；C选项glanceat“扫视；浏览；匆匆一瞥”；D选项gazeat“盯住；凝视；注视；注目”。stareat表达的是好奇或无礼傲慢；glanceat表达的是匆忙；gazeat表达的是感慨、喜欢或惊奇。stareat和glanceat的动作维持的时间比较长；glanceat的动作维持时间非常的短。句意：有一天，我看见爷爷坐在花园里，凝视着月亮，喃喃自语。此处的凝视带有浓厚的感情色彩，因此D选项正确。

18.单选题

Thetrainingofhumanintelligencemustincludethesimultaneousdevelopmentoftheempatheticcapacity.

问题1选项

A.simulated

B.coincident

C.instantaneous

D.similar

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。simultaneous表示“同时的，联立的，同时发生的”；A项simulated“模拟的，模仿的，仿造的”，B项coincident“一致的，符合的，同时发生的”，C项instantaneous“瞬间的，即时的，猝发的”，D项similar“相似的”。句意：人类智力的训练必须包括移情能力的同时发展。根据句意可知，B项的意思符合句子。因此，该题选择B项正确。

19.单选题

Toomuch（）toX-rayscancauseskinburns,cancerorotherdamagetothebody.

问题1选项

A.disclosure

B.exhibition

C.contact

D.exposure

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项disclosure“披露，揭发”；B选项exhibition“展览，显示”；C选项contact“接触，联系”；D选项exposure“暴露，曝光”。句意：过多暴露在X射线下会导致皮肤损伤、癌症或其他身体损伤。由选项意思和句意可知，D选项符合句意。

20.单选题

Withtheincreasingunemploymentrate,femaleworkerswhoare45to55yearsoldareusuallythefirsttobe（

）.

问题1选项

A.laidaside

B.laidup

C.laidout

D.laidoff

【答案】D

【解析】动词词组辨析题。layaside“放弃（某种习惯），积蓄（金钱），把…放在一边”；layup“放置不用，贮存，储蓄，使（某人）待在床上或室内”；layout“设计;展示，安排”；layoff“暂时解雇，裁员，停止工作”；根据句意‘随着失业率不断上升，45-55岁的女性工人通常最先被（

）。’确定D选项正确。

21.单选题

ThefamouswriterwasborninHerbamsted,whichwas_______towntobeonthemap.

问题1选项

A.tooasmall

B.atoosmall

C.asmalltoo

D.toosmalla

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定句型。too+形容词+a+名词单数+todo。句意：这位著名的作家生于Herbamsted，这个地方太小，地图上都没有。选项D符合题意。

22.翻译题

Wedonotknowexactlyhowlongthecountryhasbeenoccupiedbuttheearliestdiscoveredsiteofoccupationisabout47,000yearsold.Toputthisinperspective,sincetheFirstFleetarrivedin1788therehavebeenonlyeightgenerationsofsettlers.Ontheotherhand,therehavebeenatleast18,500generationsofthePeoplesoftheDreaming.

ThePeoplesoftheDreamingbelongedtoover500differentgroupsornationswithdifferentlanguagesandculturesbuttheywereboundtogetherbytheirbeliefintheDreaming.“TheDreaming”or“TheDreamtime”isthemostenduringreligioninAustraliatoday.Itisbasedonthecentralprinciplethatthepeoplewholiveonthecontinenthavespecialresponsibilitiestotheland—thatthelandownsthemandthattheyholditintrustasthehomeoftheircreator.However,intheimmenselyvariablelandscapeofthecountry,differentculturesanddifferentlanguagesdevelopedwithinthisbroadframeworkoftheDreamtime.

【答案】我们不知道这个国家被占领的确切时间，但最早发现的占领遗址大约有4.7万年的历史。从这个角度来看，自1788年第一舰队到达后，只有8代移民。另一方面，已经有至少18500代梦创时代的后人（原住民）。

梦创时代的后人属于500多个不同的群体或国家，他们拥有不同的语言和文化，但他们因为梦里的信念而联系在一起。梦创时代是今天澳大利亚最持久的宗教。它基于这样一个中心原则：生活在大陆上的人民对土地负有特殊责任——土地拥有他们而且他们把土地作为创造者的家园来保管。然而，在这个国家多变的景观中，不同的文化和不同的语言在这个梦创时代的大框架内发展起来。

23.单选题

NewYear’sdetoxproductsthatpurporttoridthebodyofharmfulchemicalsaccumulatedthroughseasonalover-indulgenceareawasteoftimeandmoney,leadingscientistssaidrecently.

Mostofthepills,juices,teasandoilsthataresoldfortheirdetoxifyingeffectsonthebodyhavenoscientificfoundationfortheirclaims,accordingtotoxicologistsanddieticians.

Theywillnotinfluencetherateatwhichthebodyridsitselfoftoxins,andanybeneficialeffectswouldbematchedatmuchlowercostbydrinkingplentyoftapwater,eatingfruitandvegetablesandgettingafewearlynights.

Theentiremarketfordetoxproducts,whichisworthtensofmillionsofpoundsayear,restsonmythsaboutthehumanbodythatarehittingconsumersinthewallet,theexperts’reporthasfound.

“Amongthesemythsistheideathatinsomewaythebodyaccumulatesnoxiouschemicalsduringeverydaylife,andthattheyneedtobeexpungedbysomemysteriousprocessofdetoxification,oftenonceayearafterChristmasexcess.Thedetoxfad--orfads,astherearemanymethods--isanexampleofthecapacityofpeopletobelievein(andpayfor)magicdespitethelackofanysoundevidence.”saidMartinWiseman,VisitingProfessorofHumanNutritionattheUniversityofSouthampton.

Thecriticismofthedetoxindustryhasemergedfromaninquiryintopublicperceptionsofchemicalsandtoxicitybyaworkingpartyof11scientists.Thefullreport,MakingSenseofChemicalStories,willbepublishedlaterthismonthbythecharitySenseAboutScience.

Itfoundthatpopularideasaboutdetoxarebasedonmisconceptionsabouthowthehumanbodyrespondstochemicalsinthediet.Theliverandkidneysarehighlyefficientorgansthathaveevolvedtobreakdownandremovetoxinsfromthebloodstream,andtheirfunctionisnothelpedbyproductssuchasGillianMcKeith’s£19.99“24hourdetoxprogramme,”whichclaimsto“assistthenaturaldetoxificationprocessinyourbody.”

“Ourbodiesareverygoodateliminatingallthenastiesthatwemightdigestoverthefestiveseason,”saidJohnEmsley,oftheRoyalSocietyofChemistry.

SirColinBerry,ProfessorEmeritusofPathologyatQueenMary,UniversityofLondon,said:“Evenifyoudrinkanalmostlethaldoseofalcohol(whichIdon’trecommend)yourliverwillclearitin36hourswithoutassistancefromdetoxtablets.”

1.Itcanbeinferredthatpeopleusually（）.

2.Accordingtoscientists,whathelpsridthebodyoftoxinsincludes（）.

3.Theboldfacedword“expunged”(inPara.5)canbestbereplacedby（）.

4.Expertsconsideritamyththat（）.

5.Thecriticismofthedetoxindustrystarted（）.

6.JohnEmsleyandColinBerrysharetheideathat（）.

问题1选项

A.takeharmfulchemicals

B.consumedetoxproducts

C.haveabalanceddiet

D.wastemoneyonfood

问题2选项

A.goingtobedearly

B.drinkingherbaltea

C.takingcertainpills

D.doingmuchexercise

问题3选项

A.tested

B.digested

C.eliminated

D.accumulated

问题4选项

A.detoxproductshavemarvelouseffects

B.noxiouschemicalsgatherinthebody

C.peoplegenerallyovereatatChristmas

D.people’scapacitytobelieveisunlimited

问题5选项

A.ataconferenceheldattheUniversityofSouthhamton

B.fromareportentitled“MakingSenseofChemicalStories”

C.byacharityorganizationcalledSenseAboutScience

D.withastudyonpublicunderstandingofchemicals

问题6选项

A.toxinscanstayinthebodyaslongas36hours

B.drinkingexcessivealcoholleadstodeath

C.detoxtabletsfacilitatethenaturaldetoxification

D.thehumanbodyhasapowerfuldetoxsystem

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:D

第6题:D

【解析】1.判断推理题。文章第一段提到一些权威科学家表示，新年排毒产品声称可以清楚体内因季节性过度放纵而积累起来的有害化学物质，但实际上是在浪费时间和金钱（awasteoftimeandmoney），由此可以推断出人们经常会购买这些排毒产品，因此选项B符合题意。

2.细节事实题。文章第三段提到多喝水、多吃水果以及早睡的排毒效果都可以与排毒产品相当，并且成本更低（atmuchlowercostbydrinkingplentyoftapwater,eatingfruitandvegetablesandgettingafewearlynights），因此选项A符合题意。

3.词义题。文章第五段提到在这些谬论中，有一种观点认为，人体在日常生活中以某种方式积累有害化学物质(Amongthesemythsistheideathatinsomewaythebodyaccumulatesnoxiouschemicalsduringeverydaylife)，这些有害物质需要通过一些神秘的排毒过程来被expunge，根据上下文可知排毒产品是用来清除有毒物质，因此可以推断出expunge这个词的意思是”清除”，因此选项C符合题意。

4.细节事实题。文章第五段提到在这些谬论中，有一种观点认为，人体在日常生活中以某种方式积累有害化学物质，这些有害物质需要通过某种神秘的解毒过程排出体外（Amongthesemythsistheideathatinsomewaythebodyaccumulatesnoxiouschemicalsduringeverydaylife,andthattheyneedtobeexpungedbysomemysteriousprocessofdetoxification,oftenonceayearafterChristmasexcess），通过上下文可知这个神秘的过程就是服用排毒产品，由此可推断出很多人认为排毒产品拥有神奇的效果，但是在专家看来这些都是无稽之谈，因此选项A符合题意。

5.细节事实题。文章第六段提到了对排毒产品行业的批判，是开始于11位科学家对公众对化学物质和毒素的认知调查（Thecriticismofthedetoxindustryhasemergedfromaninquiryintopublicperceptionsofchemicalsandtoxicitybyaworkingpartyof11scientists），因此选项D符合题意。

6.判断推理题。文章倒数第二段提到JohnEmsley的观点：我们的身体能够消除节假日期间摄取到脏物（Ourbodiesareverygoodateliminatingallthenastiesthatwemightdigestoverthefestiveseason）；文章最后一段提到ColinBerry的观点：即使你喝了几乎致命剂量的酒，在没有排毒产品的帮助下，你的肝脏会在36小时内清除它（Evenifyoudrinkanalmostlethaldoseofalcohol(whichIdon’trecommend)yourliverwillclearitin36hourswithoutassistancefromdetoxtablets）。由此可知这两位都认为人体本身能够排毒，选项D符合题意。

24.单选题

Accordingtoagrowingnumberofexperts,itisalreadytechnically（）toconstructapioneeringspacecolony,poweredbysolarenergy.

问题1选项

A.practical

B.flexible

C.feasible

D.beneficial

【答案】C

【解析】practical现实的,实际的；flexible灵活的；feasible可行的；beneficial有好处的。句意：据越来越多的专家表示,建立首个使用太阳能的太空殖民地在技术方面是可行的。选项C符合句意。

25.单选题

Herpeerswereherworstcritics.

问题1选项

A.students

B.equals

C.teachers

D.subordinates

【答案】B

【解析】peer意为同等的人，同龄人。equal同辈，相等的事物；subordinate下属，从属。选项B与之意思相近。

26.单选题

ForTonyBlair,theoutsideworldisaplaceofmoralcertainty.Therearegoodguysandbadguys,andwhatneedstobedoneisprettyclear.Home,bycontrast,isamessysortofplace,wheretheprimeminister’sjobisnottoupholdeternalvaluesbuttoforcethroughsomeunpopularchangesthatmaymakethecountryworkabitbetter.So,if,asBritaindispatches1,700marinestohelpfinishoffthebadguysinAfghanistan,Mr.Blaircutsamoreimpressivefigureabroadthanhedoesathome,itisnotsurprising.Mr.Blair’sgovernmentisatthatdangerousstage.

Theglossoflastyear’slandslide（政党候选人的胜利）haswornoff;thenextelectionistoofarawaytofosterunityamongtheLaborPartyanditsallies;fightingthebattlesthatneedtobefoughtseemslikehardwork.NowonderMr.Blairisnotlookingsosteady.Theareawherethisismostobvious,andwhereitmattersmostisthepublicservices.Mr.Blairfacesadifficultyherewhichispartlyofhisownmaking.Byfocusinghislastelectioncampaignontheneedtoimprovehospitals,schools,transportandpolicing,hebuiltupexpectations.Andhehasbeenadmirablyfrankabouthowthatimprovementneedstobeachieved.AlazierandmorecynicalprimeministermighthaveblamedpastfailureonToryunderfunding,thrownsomemoremoneyattherelevantministriesandhopedforthebest.Mr.Blairhassaidmanytimesthosereformsinthewaythepublicservicesworkneedtogoalongsideincreasesincash.Thetroubleisthatpublicservicesare,forthemostpart,people—teachers,doctors,nurses,policemen—soreformingthemmeanschangingworkingpractices.Peopledon’tmuchlikehavingnewwaysofworkingforcedonthem,andtheirunionsseeresistingchangeastheirraisond’etre（存在的目的或理由）.Sothehardestpartofthegovernment’staskisgettingtheunionstoagreetochange.

Mr.Blairhasmadehistaskharderbycommittingaclassicnegotiationerror.Insteadofextractingconcessionsfromtheothersidebeforepromisinghisown,hehaspledgedhimselftohigherspendingonpublicserviceswithoutgettingacommitmenttochangefromtheunions.

Norareotherministriesconveyingquitethesamemessageasthetreasury.OnMarch19th,JohnHutton,ahealthminister,announcedthatcleanersandcateringstaffinnewprivatelyfundedhospitalsworkingfortheNationalHealthServicewillstillbegovernmentemployees,entitledtothesamepayandconditionsasotherhealthserviceworkers.Sinceoneofthemainwaysinwhichthegovernmenthopestoreformthepublicsectorisbyusingprivateproviders,andsinceoneofthemainwaysinwhichprivateprovidersarelikelytobeabletosavemoneyisbycuttinglaborcosts,thismoveseemstounderminethegovernment’sstrategy.

1.Asisdescribedinthefirstparagraph,TonyBlair’sgovernmentisstrikinglycharacterizedby（）.

2.TheBlair’sgovernmentislookingsouncertainintheareawhich（）.

3.Mr.Blair’sachievementsonreforms（）.

4.StrongoppositionisleveledagainstMr.Blair’sstrategybecausethegovernment（）.

5.Atthetimewhenthearticlewaswritten,thesituationinBritain’spublicservicesseemstobe（）.

问题1选项

A.promptfulfillmentofitspromises

B.timelycoordinationwithotherdepartments

C.dedicationtotheefficiencyofadministration

D.involvementinadangerousstage

问题2选项

A.underliesthegovernmentstrategy

B.mattersmosttovoters

C.welcomeseasyconcessions

D.entitlesworkerstopensions

问题3选项

A.meettheexpectationsofgovernmentemployees

B.failtoliveuptohisremarksonelection

C.goesagainsttheinterestsofthepopulace

D.neglectsthesectionofpublicservices

问题4选项

A.wantstotakeadvantageofprivateproviders

B.pledgesitselftohigherspendingonhealthcare

C.assertsitsabsolutecontrolofthenation

D.hopestochangeworkingpractices

问题5选项

A.quiteencouraging

B.veryimpressive

C.ratherbleak

D.fairlypromising

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。文章第一段最后一句提到“布莱尔先生的政府处在危险中”（Mr.Blair’sgovernmentisatthatdangerousstage）,因此选项D符合题意。

2.细节事实题。文章第二段第二句提到“布莱尔先生看起来并没有想象中稳定，而这种不稳定主要是在公共服务中”（NowonderMr.Blairisnotlookingsosteady.Theareawherethisismostobvious,andwhereitmattersmostisthepublicservices），因此选项B符合题意。

3.细节事实题。文章第二段提到布莱尔在选举中将问题聚焦在提高医院、学校、交通和政策上，为政府成员建立其期望。他的这种想法被其他人赞赏。（Byfocusinghislastelectioncampaignontheneedtoimprovehospitals,schools,transportandpolicing,hebuiltupexpectations），因此选项A符合题意。

4.细节事实题。文章第二段提到改革意味着改变工作实践,因此在改革这些公共服务人群的工作过程中会比较麻烦（thetroubleisthatpublicservicesare,forthemostpart,people–teachers,doctors,nurses,policemen–soreformingthemmeanschangingworkingpractices），选项D符合题意。

5.推理判断题。从全文可以看出，英国当时的公共服务是有待改革的，因此选项C符合题意。

27.翻译题

Mydictionarydefineshappyas“lucky”or“fortunate”,butIthinkabetterdefinitionofhappinessis“thecapacityforenjoyment.”Themorewecanenjoywhatwehave,thehappierweare.It’seasytooverlookthepleasurewegetfromlovingandbeingloved,thecompanyoffriends,thefreedomtolivewhereweplease,evengoodhealth.

Iaddedupmylittlemomentsofpleasureyesterday.FirsttherewassheerblisswhenIshutthelastlunchboxandhadthehousetomyself.ThenIspentanuninterruptedmorningwriting,whichIlove.Whenthekidscamehome,Ienjoyedtheirnoiseafterthequirtoftheday.Later,peacedescendedagain,andmyhusbandandIenjoyedanotherpleasure—intimacy.Sometimesjusttheknowledgethathewantsmecanbringmejoy.

【答案】

我的字典把幸福定义为“幸运”或“好运”。但是我想幸福更好的定义是“享受的能力”。我们越能享受所拥有的一切，我们就越快乐。我们很容易忽视从爱与被爱、朋友的陪伴、住在想住的地方的自由，甚至健康的身体中获得的快乐。

我总结一下我昨天的幸福时刻：首先是我合上最后一个午餐饭盒，独自在家时，我感到无比幸福；然后过了一个写作不受干扰的上午，这令我愉快；等到孩子们回家，我享受安静的一天过后他们吵闹的声音。不久，宁静再次降临，我和丈夫享受另一种快乐——亲密。有时候，只要想到他需要我，就能给我带来快乐。

28.填空题

Mencannotmanufacturebloodasefficientlyaswomencan.Thismakessurgeryriskierformen.Men