考研考博-英语-四川体育职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川体育职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.写作题

Directions:Forthispart,youarerequiredtosummarizethemainideaofthefollowingpassageinplainlanguageinnomorethan50words.Youshouldwriteyoursummaryontheansweringsheer.

Whetherwelikeitornot,theworldweliveinhaschangedagreatdealinthelasthundredyears,anditislikelytochangeevenmoreinthenexthundred.Somepeoplewouldliketostopthesechangesandgobacktowhattheyseeasapurerandsimplerage.Butashistoryshows,thepastwasnotthatwonderful.Itwasnotsobadforaprivilegedminority,thougheventheyhadtodowithoutmodemmedicine,andchildbirthwashighlyriskyforwomen.Butforthevastmajorityofthepopulation,lifewasnasty,brutish,andshort.

Ifweacceptthatwecannotpreventscienceandtechnologyfromchangingourworld,wecanatleasttrytoensurethatthechangestheymakeareintherightdirections.Inademocraticsociety,thismeansthatthepublicneedstohaveabasicunderstandingofscience.Sothatitcanmakeinformeddecisionsandnotleavetheminthehandsofexperts.Atthemoment,thepublicisintwomindsaboutscience.Ithascometoexpectthesteadyincreaseinthestandardoflivingthatnewdevelopmentsinscienceandtechnologyhavebroughttocontinue,butitalsodistrustssciencebecauseitdoesn’tunderstandit.ThisdistrustisevidentinthecartoonfigureofthemadscientistworkinginhislaboratorytoproduceaFrankenstein.ItisalsoanimportantelementbehindsupportfortheGreenparties.Butthepublicalsohasagreatinterestinscience,particularlyastronomy,asisshownbythelargeaudiencesfortelevisionseriessuchasTheSkyatNightandforsciencefiction.

Whatcanbedonetoharnessthisinterestandgivethepublicthescientificbackgrounditneedstomakeinformeddecisionsonsubjectslikeacidrain,thegreenhouseeffect,nuclearweapons,andgeneticengineering?Clearly,thebasismustlieinwhatistaughtinschools.Butinschoolsscienceisoftenpresentedinadryanduninterestingmanner.Childrenlearnitbyrotetopassexaminations,andtheydon'tseeitsrelevancetotheworldaroundthem.Moreover,scienceisoftentaughtintermsofequations.Althoughequationsareabriefandaccuratewayofdescribingmathematicalideas,theyfrightenmostpeople.WhenIwroteapopularbookrecently,IwasadvisedthateachequationIincludedwouldhalvethesales.Iincludedoneequation,Einstein’sfamousequation,E=mc2.MaybeIwouldhavesoldtwiceasmanycopieswithoutit.

Scientistsandengineerstendtoexpresstheirideasintheformofequationsbecausetheyneedtoknowtheprecisevaluesofquantities.Butfortherestofus,aqualitativegraspofscientificconceptsissufficient,andthiscanbeconveyedbywordsanddiagrams,withouttheuseofequations.

Thesciencepeoplelearninschoolcanprovidethebasicframework.Buttherateofscientificprogressisnowsorapidthattherearealwaysnewdevelopmentsthathaveoccurredsinceonewasatschooloruniversity.Ineverlearnedaboutmolecularbiologyortransistorsatschool,butgeneticengineeringaridcomputersaretwoofthedevelopmentsmostlikelytochangethewayweliveinthefuture.Popularbooksandmagazinearticlesaboutsciencecanhelptoputacrossnewdevelopments.Buteventhemostsuccessfulpopularbookisreadbyonlyasmallproportionofthepopulation.Onlytelevisioncanreachatrulymassaudience.TherearesomeverygoodscienceprogrammersonTV,butotherspresentscientificwonderssimplyasmagic,withoutexplainingthemorshowinghowtheyfitintotheframeworkofscientificideas.Producersoftelevisionscienceprogrammersshouldrealizethattheyhavearesponsibilitytoeducatethepublic,notjustentertainit.

【答案】Theworldpeopleliveinhaschangedgrratly,andpeopleshouldensurethatthedirectionofchangeisright.Thus,peopleneedtohaveagoodknowledgeofbasicscience.Schoolandtelevisionscienceprogramsshouldshouldertheresponsibilityofeducatingthepublic.

2.单选题

Themost（）studentsdoadditionalreadingtosupplementthematerialinthetextbook.

问题1选项

A.gifted

B.sensitive

C.proficient

D.diligent

【答案】D

【解析】形容词词义辨析。gifted有天赋的；sensitive敏感的；proficient熟练的；diligent勤勉的，用功的。句意：最勤奋的学生通常会做课外阅读来补充教材中的内容。选项D符合句意。

3.单选题

SocialcircumstancesinEarlyModernEnglandmostlyservedtorepresswomen’svoices.Patriarchalcultureandinstitutionsconstructedthemaschaste,silent,obedient,andsubordinate.Atthebeginningof17thcentury,theideologyofpatriarchy,politicalabsolutism,andgenderhierarchywerereaffirmedpowerfullybyKingJamesinTheTrewLawofFreeMonarchieandtheBasilikonDoron;bythatideologytheabsolutepowerofGodthesupremepatriarchwasseentobeimagedintheabsolutemonarchofthestateandinthehusbandandfatherofafamily.Accordingly,awoman’ssubjection,firsttoherfatherandthentoherhusband,imagedthesubjectionofEnglishpeopletotheirmonarch,andofallChristianstoGod.Also,theperiodsawanoutpouringofrepressiveorovertlymisogynistsermons,tracts,andplays,detailingwomen’sphysicalandmentaldefects,spiritualevils,rebelliousness,shrewishness,andnaturalinferioritytomen.

Yetsomesocialandculturalconditionsservedtoempowerwomen.DuringtheElizabethanera(1558——1603)theculturewasdominatedbyapowerfulQueen,whoprovidedanimpressivefemaleexamplethoughsheleftscantculturalspaceforotherwomen.Elizabethanwomenwritersbegantoproduceoriginaltextsbutwereoccupiedchieflywithtranslation.Inthe17thcentury,however,variouscircumstancesenabledwomentowriteoriginaltextsinsomenumbers.Foronething,somecounterweighttopatriarchywasprovidedbyfemalecommunities—mothersanddaughters,extendedkinshipnetworks,closefemalefriends,theseparatecourtofQueenAnne(KingJames’consort)andheroftenop-positionalmasquesandpoliticalactivities.Foranother,mostofthesewomenhadareasonablygoodeducation(modernlanguages,history,literature,religion,music,occasionallyLatin)andsomeapparentlyfoundinromancesandhistoriesmoreexpansivetermsforimaginingwomen’slives.Also,representationofvigorousandrebelliousfemalecharactersinliteratureandespeciallyonthestagenodoubthelpedtoundermineanymonolithicsocialconstructofwomen’snatureandrole.

Mostimportant,perhaps,wastheradicalpotentialinherentintheProtestantinsistenceoneveryChristian’simmediaterelationshipwithGodandprimaryresponsibilitytofollowhisorherindividualconscience.ThereisplentyofsupportinStPaul’sepistlesandelsewhereintheBibleforpatriarchyandawife’ssubjectiontoherhusband,butsometexts(notablyGalatians3:28)inscribeaverydifferentpolitics,promotingwomen’sspiritualequality:“ThereisneitherJewnorGreek,thereisneitherbondnorfree,thereisneithermalenorfemale:foryearealloneinJesusChrist.”SuchtextsencouragedsomewomentoclaimthesupportofGodthesupremepatriarchagainstthevariousearthlypatriarchswhoclaimedtostandtowardtheminhisstead.

Thereisalsothegaporslippagebetweenideologyandcommonexperience.Englishwomenthroughoutthe17thcenturyexercisedagooddealofactualpower;asmanagersofestatesintheirhusbands’absencesatcourtoronmilitaryanddiplomaticmissions;asmembersofguilds;aswivesandmotherswhosometimesdominatedtheirmenbysheerforceofpersonalityoroutrightdefiance.TheirpowerreacheditsapexduringtheEnglishCivilWarandInterregnum(1640—60)astheexecutionoftheKingandtheattendantdisruptionofsocialhierarchiesledmanywomentoseizenewroles—aspreachers,asprophetesses,asdeputiesforexiledroyalisthusbands,aswritersofreligiousandpoliticaltracts.

1.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

2.WhatdidtheQueenElizabethdoforthewomeninculture?

3.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasareasontoenablewomentooriginaltexts?

4.Whatdidthereligiondoforthewomen?

5.Whatdoestheword“apex”meaninthelastparagraph?

问题1选项

A.Women’sPositioninthe17thCentury.

B.Women’sSubjectiontoPatriarchy.

C.SocialCircumstancesinthe17thCentury.

D.Women’sObjectioninthe17thCentury.

问题2选项

A.Shesetanimpressivefemaleexampletofollow.

B.Shedominatedtheculture.

C.Shedidlittle.

D.Sheallowedwomentotranslatesomething.

问题3选项

A.Femalecommunitiesprovidedsomecounterweighttopatriarchy.

B.QueenAnne’spoliticalactivities.

C.Mostwomenhadagoodeducation.

D.QueenElizabeth’spoliticalactivities.

问题4选项

A.Itdidnothing.

B.Ittooaskedwomentobeobedientexceptsometexts.

C.Itsupportedwomen.

D.ItappealedtotheGod.

问题5选项

A.thelowestpoint

B.theend

C.ultimate

D.summit

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.文章第一段主要是讲17世纪初，英国的社会环境主要是压制妇女的声音；第二段主要讲述17世纪，一些社会和文化条件赋予妇女权力；第三段讲述整个17世纪，英国女性行使了大量实际权力，并在中期达到顶峰。所以本文主要是论述17世纪英国妇女的地位。选项A正确。

2.根据第二段的第二句“DuringtheElizabethaneratheculturewasdominatedbyapowerfulQueen,whoprovidedanimpressivefemaleexamplethoughsheleftscantculturalspaceforotherwomen.”伊丽莎白时代的文化由一个强大的女王统治，尽管她为其他女性没有留下多少文化空间，但她本人却树立了一个令人印象深刻的女性榜样。由此推断，选项C符合原文。。

3.根据第二段后半部分的内容“Foronething,somecounterweighttopatriarchywasprovidedbyfemalecommunities...,theseparatecourtofQueenAnneandheroftenop-positionalmasquesandpoliticalactivities.Foranother,mostofthesewomenhadareasonablygoodeducation”只有选项D没有提及。

4.根据第三段的第二句“Thereisplentyofsupport...,promotingwomen’sspiritualequality...”，在《圣保罗书信集》和《圣经》的其他地方都有很多支持父权制，认为妻子应该对丈夫的服从，但是一些文本(尤其是迦3:28章节)却记录了一种完全不同的政治，提倡妇女的精神平等。所以选项B符合原文。

5.根据下文“TheirpowerreacheditsapexduringtheEnglishCivilWarandInterregnumastheexecutionoftheKingandtheattendantdisruptionofsocialhierarchiesledmanywomentoseizenewroles”当时国王被处决，随之而来的社会等级制度被打破，导致许多女性获得了新的角色。由此推断，女性权力在英国内战和过渡期达到了顶峰，选项D正确。thelowestpoint指最低点；theend指终点；ultimate指终极的。

4.单选题

Onlyafterhehasacquiredconsiderablefacilityinspeaking（）.

问题1选项

A.thenhelearnsreadingandwriting

B.doeshelearntoreadandwrite

C.finallycomesreadingandwriting

D.hebegantoreadandtowrite

【答案】B

【解析】考查部分倒装。Only+副词/介词短语/状语从句位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。即需要将be动词/助动词/情态动词放在主语前，句中的实义动词位置不变。句意：他只有在获得相当多的说的能力之后，才学会读和写。AD选项都没有使用倒装，可以排除，C选项倒装后句中缺少主语，故选B。

5.单选题

It’snogood______him.Heisalwaysindifferenttowardsothers’matters.

问题1选项

A.toturnto

B.turningto

C.turnto

D.turnedto

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.toturnto求助于B.turningto求助于

C.turnto求助于D.turnedto求助于

【考查点】固定搭配。

【解题思路】由nogood可知，it’snogooddoingsth.是固定搭配，表示“做某事是没用的”，故该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合固定搭配。

【句意】求助于他是没有用的。他对别人的事总是漠不关心。

6.单选题

Don’tbeafraidofbees.Theydonotnormally（）withoutbeingprovoked.

问题1选项

A.sing

B.bite

C.prick

D.thrust

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项sing“唱歌”；B选项bite“咬”；C选项prick“戳，扎破”；D选项thrust“插，插入”。句意：不要害怕蜜蜂。如果没有挑衅，它们通常不会（）人。蜜蜂是咬人，因此B选项符合题意。

7.单选题

Ifearlyhumans（

）asmuchastheydid,theyprobably（

）toevolveintodifferentspecies.

问题1选项

A.didnotmoveandintermingle...wouldcontinue

B.wouldnotmoveandintermingle...hadcontinued

C.hadnotmovedandintermingled...wouldhavecontinued

D.werenottomoveandintermingle...couldhavecontinued

【答案】C

【解析】由题干句末“进化成不同物种可知”，本题考查虚拟条件句。题干中的主语是earlyhumans“早期的人类”，说明这是对过去事实的虚拟。因此只有C选项符合题意。

8.单选题

Thereisarealpossibilitythattheseanimalscouldbefrightened（

）asuddenloudnoise.

问题1选项

A.therewas

B.therehavingbeen

C.beingthere

D.shouldtherebe

【答案】D

【解析】句意:如有突然的巨响，那么这些动物确实有可能受惊。

语法题。考查虚拟语气。该句属于与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，主句部分为could+动词原形，从句部分应该为should+动词原形或wereto+动词原形，当省略引导词if后需采用倒装，将should提前。

9.单选题

7.

问题1选项

A.Two.

B.Three.

C.Four.

D.Five.

【答案】B

【解析】W:NowDaddyI’mwearingthisonyourchest.It’scalledstethocope.Itmightbealittlecold,I’llwarmitup.Feeltheend,OK?FirstofallI’lllistentoyourfrontandthenyourback.

M:Shehasgonethatalotoftimes.

Q:Howmanypeoplehavebeeninvolvedinthesituation?

【解析】推断题。父亲说：Shehasgonethatalotoftimes，由此推测，本段对话中除了父女俩还有第三人的存在。

10.单选题

Disagreementsamongeconomistsarelegendary,butnotontheissueoffreetrade.Arecentsurveyofprominenteconomists—bothconservativeandliberal—concludedthat“aneconomistwhoarguesforrestrictinginternationaltradeisalmostascommontodayasaphysicianwhofavorsleeching.”

Whytheconsensus?Internationalfreetrade,economistsagree,makespossiblehigherstandardsoflivingallovertheglobe.Thecaseforfreetraderestslargelyonthisprinciple:aslongastradeisvoluntary,bothpartnersbenefit;otherwisetheywouldn'ttrade.Thebuyerofashirt,forexample,valuestheshirtmorethanthemoneyspent,whilethesellervaluesthemoneymore.Botharebetteroffbecauseofthesale.Moreover,itdoesn’tmatterwhethertheshirtsalesmanisfromtheUnitedStatesorHongKong(oranywhereelse).

ThevastmajorityofAmericanmanufacturesfaceinternationalcompetition.Thiscompetitionforcescompaniestoimprovequalityandcutcosts.Bycontrast,protectionismencouragesmonopoly,lowerqualityandhigher,prices.Americanspayanenormouspriceforprotectionism—over$60billionayearor$1000forafamilyoffour.Thankstoprotectionism,forexample,Americanconsumerspaytwicetheworldpriceforsugar.

Freetradealsomakestheworldeconomymoreefficient,byallowingnationtocapitalizeontheirstrengths.TheUnitedStateshasanadvantageinfoodproduction,forinstance,whileSaudiArabiahasanadvantageinoil.TheSaudiscouldundertakemassiveirrigationtobecomeself-sufficientinfood,butitismoreeconomicalforthemtoselloilandpurchasefoodfromus.Similarly,wecouldbecomeself-sufficientinpetroleumbysqueezingmoreoutofoilshale.ButitismuchlesscostlytobuysomeofouroilfromSaudiArabia.Tradebetweenourtwocountriesimprovesthestandardoflivinginboth.

Protectionismisbothwastefulandunjust.Ittaxesmostheavilythepeoplewhocanleastaffordit.Thus,tariffsthatraisethepriceofshoesburdenthepoormorethantherich.Despitethepowerfulcaseforfreetrade,theUnitedStatesandtherestoftheworldhavealwaysbeenprotectioniststosomedegree.Thisisbecausefreetradebenefitsthegeneralpublic,whileprotectionismbenefitsspecial-interestgroups,whicharebetterorganized,betterfinancedandmoreinformed.Tomakemattersworse,muchofwhatwehearonthisissueismisinformationspreadbythespecialintereststhemselves.

1.Theeconomists（

）.

2.Thetwopartnersinafreetrade

（

）.

3.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardprotectionismdenotedfromthe3rdparagraph?

4.Whyhasprotectionismalwaysbeenexercisedevenifitiswastefulandunjust?

5.Accordingtothefreetradeprinciple,theauthorsuggeststhat（

）.

问题1选项

A.disagreewhethertorestrictfreetradeornot

B.agreeonfreetrade

C.agreeontherestrictionofinternaltrade

D.holddifferentargumentsbecauseoftheirdifferentinterests.

问题2选项

A.donotcareatall

B.carefordifferentthings

C.careforthethingsbeingtraded

D.careforthesamethings

问题3选项

A.Sincere

B.Appreciative

C.Grateful

D.Ironic

问题4选项

A.Ithelpstoestablishnationalindustryofone’sown

B.Itcanachieveanindependenteconomy

C.Itisfavoredbygeneralpublic

D.Itbenefitssomeprivilegedfew.

问题5选项

A.U.S.exploreitsoilshale

B.SaudiArabiabuilditsownindustry

C.SaudiArabiaimportfoodfromtheU.S.

D.U.S.becomemoreself-sufficientinfood.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.考察细节事实问题。文章第一段第一句Disagreementsamongeconomistsarelegendary,butnotontheissueoffreetrade提到经济学家之间的不一致有很多，但是在自由贸易上却一致。选项B符合题意。

2.考察推理判断问题。文章第三段第一句Thecaseforfreetraderestslargelyonthisprinciple:aslongastradeisvoluntary,bothpartnersbenefit;otherwisetheywouldn'ttrade提到自由贸易双方关注的问题是“获利”，因此二者关心的是同一问题。选项D符合题意。

3.考察观点态度问题。文章第三段提到国际自由贸易导致竞争，而竞争会促使产品质量的提升。而贸易保护主义会导致垄断，比如美国。该段最后一句提到由于美国施行贸易保护主义，使得美国居民要花两倍的价钱来买糖（Thankstoprotectionism,forexample,Americanconsumerspaytwicetheworldpriceforsugar）。本意是保护本国贸易，却导致居民消费成本大幅度增加，因此可以看出作者是带有讽刺口吻在述说这件事。选项D符合题意。

4.考察细节事实问题。文章倒数第一段倒数第二句Thisisbecausefreetradebenefitsthegeneralpublic,whileprotectionismbenefitsspecial-interestgroups,whicharebetterorganized,betterfinancedandmoreinformed提到自由贸易受益的是普通大众，而贸易保护主义受益的是一些特殊集团。选项D符合题意。

5.考察推理判断问题。文章第四段第二句TheSaudiscouldundertakemassiveirrigationtobecomeself-sufficientinfood,butitismoreeconomicalforthemtoselloilandpurchasefoodfromus提到沙特阿拉伯如果想要食物自给自足的话需要大量的灌溉，而向美国购买粮食则经济很多，因此选项C符合题意。

11.写作题

Writea100—120-wordsummaryofthearticleinquestion5.

【答案】Cultureisastudyofperfectionandhasitsoriginintheloveofperfection.Itmovesbytheforceofscientificpassionforpureknowledgeandthemoralandsocialpassionfordoinggood.Thespiritofthehumanracefindsitsidealbymakingendlessadditionstoitself,theendlessgrowthinwisdomandbeauty.Cultureisanindispensableaidtoreachthisidealandthatisthetruevalueofculture.Thewholecivilizationinourmodernworldismechanicalandexternal,andtendsconstantlytobecomemoreso.Cultureplaysasignificantrolebecauseherethatmechanicalcharacter,whichcivilizationtendstotakeeverywhere,isshowninthemosteminentdegree.Culturehasonegreatpassionforsweetnessandlight,andthemenofculturearethetrueapostlesofequality.

12.单选题

Ifyouholdontoawinningattitude,you’llmakeagreatereffortandalsocreatepositivemomentum.

问题1选项

A.influence

B.strength

C.outlook

D.consequence

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。momentum表示“动量，动力”；A项influence“影响”，B项strength“力量，力气”，C项outlook“展望，态度，观点”，D项consequence“结果”。句意：如果你坚持一种必胜的态度，你就会做出更大的努力，也会创造积极的势头。根据句意可知B项正确。

13.单选题

Marry（

）myletter;otherwiseshewouldhaverepliedbeforenow.

问题1选项

A.hasreceived

B.oughttohavereceived

C.couldn'thavereceived

D.shouldn’thavereceived

【答案】C

【解析】句意:玛丽应该没有收到我的信，不然她应该己经给我回信的。

语法题。考查虚拟语气。由关键信息otherwise(否则)可知“Marrymyletter”表示对过去的推测。故选C,couldn’thavedone表示对过去某事的否定猜测。

14.不定项选择题

(1)PoultryfarmersneedtoadoptstricthygienestandardstocurbAsial’sdeadlybirdfluvirus,atopVietnameseofficialsaidontheeveofaninternationalconferenceWednesdayonfightingthedisease.

(2)AdozenVietnamesehavediedofbirdflusinceDec.30,raisingconcernsthatthediseasecouldbere-emergingafteranoutbreaklastyearspreadto10Asiancountries,forcingtheslaughterofmorethan100millionbirds.

(3)“It’sdifficulttochangetheirhabitbutweneedtoeducatethem,“BuiQuangAnh,headoftheDepartmentforAnimalHealth,saidTuesday.”Oncetheyunderstandandfollowalltheinstructions,wecanpreventthevirusfromspreading.

(4)Bigcommercialfarmslearnedfromthefirstoutbreakandappliedpreventivemeasures,suchasstricthygienestandardsandregulardisinfection,Anhsaid.Themostrecentoutbreakwasonlyreportedinsmallfarms,whichfailedtoapplypreventivemeasures,hesaid.

(5)Newregulationsshouldincludeseparatingducksfromchickens,requiringduckstoberaisedincagesandimprovinghygienemeasures,Anhsaid.DucksshouldnotroamfreelyinricefieldsastheydonowinthesouthernMekongDelta,headded.

(6)Theconferencewillbelookingatavarietyofissues,includingmassvaccinations,fluresearch,farmhygiene,animalhusbandrypracticesandimprovingcoordinationbetweenanimalhealthandhumanhealthagencies.

(7)Thevirus,whichinthelastyearhaskilled46peopleincluding—32fromVietnamand12fromThailand—hasyettomutateintoaformthatcanbetransmittedbetweenhumans.Butscientistssayitmaymutatetoahumanformthatcouldbecomeasdeadlyastheonesthatkilledmillionsduringthreeinfluenzapandemicsofthe20thcentury.

31.Thesubjectoftheinternationalconferencementionedinthefirstparagraphisabout（）.

32.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?

33.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmeasuresareNOTeffectiveinfightingagainstthebirdflu?

34.Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat（）.

35.Thebesttitleforthepassageis（）.

问题1选项

A.battingtheSARS

B.epidemicdiseasecontrol

C.fightingtheavianflu

D.publichealth

问题2选项

A.BirdfluwasfirstfoundinVietnam.

B.Bigcommercialfarmshavetakenpreventivemeasurestocurbbirdflu.

C.BuiQuangAnhbelievesthatitisimpossibletopreventthebirdflu.

D.1,000birdswerekilledduringthelastyearoutbreakofbirdflu.

问题3选项

A.toadoptstricthygienestandardsinpoultryfarms

B.tocarryoutregulardisinfection

C.toraiseducksandchickensseparately

D.tostoppoultrytrade

问题4选项

A.currentlythebirdfluviruscannotbetransmittedbetweenhumans

B.thebirdfluvirusiseasytomutate

C.thebirdfluhaskilledmillionsofpeople

D.thebirdfluismoredeadlythancommoninfluenza

问题5选项

A.BirdFlu:ADeadlyDisease

B.WhatCanWeLearnfromtheBirdFlu

C.Vietnam:theBiggestVictimoftheBirdFlu

D.OfficialUrgesFarmerstoCurbBirdFlu

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】31.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。题干意思是“第一段提到的国际会议的主题是关于……”。根据文章第一段PoultryfarmersneedtoadoptstricthygienestandardstocurbAsial’sdeadlybirdfluvirus,atopVietnameseofficialsaidontheeveofaninternationalconferenceWednesdayonfightingthedisease.（越南一位高级官员在星期三召开的防治禽流感国际会议前夕说，家禽养殖户需要采用严格的卫生标准来遏制亚洲的致命禽流感病毒。）可知，国际会议的主题是关于抗击禽流感，因此C项“抗击禽流感”正确。A项“打击非典”，文中没有提到非典；B项“流行性疾病的控制”，第一段没有提到控制方面的内容；D项“公共健康”不符题意。故该题选C。

32.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】细节事实题。题干意思是“根据短文，下列哪个陈述是正确的？”。根据第四段第一句话Bigcommercialfarmslearnedfromthefirstoutbreakandappliedpreventivemeasures,suchasstricthygienestandardsandregulardisinfection,Anhsaid.（Anh说，大型商业农场从第一次疫情中吸取了教训，并采取了预防措施，如严格的卫生标准和定期消毒）可知B项“大型商业农场已经采取了预防措施来控制禽流感”正确。A项“禽流感首先在越南被发现”，文中没有明确说到禽流感是在越南发现的；C项“BuiQuangAnh认为预防禽流感是不可能的”，根据第五段第一句话Newregulationsshouldincludeseparatingducksfromchickens,requiringduckstoberaisedincagesandimprovinghygienemeasures,Anhsaid.（Anh说，新的规定应该包括把鸭和鸡分开，要求鸭在笼子里饲养，并改善卫生措施。）可知，一些卫生措施是可以采取用来预防禽流感的，所以C项错误。D项“在去年爆发的禽流感中，有1000只家禽被杀死”，根据第二段最后一句thediseasecouldbere-emergingafteranoutbreaklastyearspreadto10Asiancountries,forcingtheslaughterofmorethan100millionbirds.（去年禽流感疫情曾蔓延到10个亚洲国家，导致1亿多只家禽被宰杀。）可知，不是1000只，而是1亿多只，D项错误。故该题选B。

33.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。题干意思是“根据短文，下列哪项措施不能有效地对抗禽流感？”根据文章第四段Bigcommercialfarmslearnedfromthefirstoutbreakandappliedpreventivemeasures,suchasstricthygienestandardsandregulardisinfection（大型商业农场从第一次疫情中吸取了教训，并采取了预防措施，如严格的卫生标准和定期消毒）和第五段Newregulationsshouldincludeseparatingducksfromchickens,requiringduckstoberaisedincagesandimprovinghygienemeasures（新的规定应该包括把鸭和鸡分开，要求鸭在笼子里饲养，并改善卫生措施）可知，A项“推行严格的家禽卫生标准”，B项“定期进行消毒”和C项“分开饲养鸭和鸡”均已提及，只有D项“停止家禽贸易”文中没有提到。故该题选D。

34.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“从最后一段我们可以推断……”。根据最后一段第一句hasyettomutateintoaformthatcanbetransmittedbetweenhuman（目前尚未变异成可在人与人之间传播的病毒）可知，目前禽流感还不能在人与人之间传播，因此A项“目前禽流感病毒不能在人与人之间传播”正确。B项“禽流感病毒很容易变异”，第五段最后一句提到Butscientistssayitmaymutatetoahumanform（但是科学家们说，这种病毒可能会变异），由此可知，禽流感病毒是可能会变异但不一定很容易变异，B项错误；C项“禽流感已经夺去了数百万人的生命”，根据最后一段第一句Thevirus,whichinthelastyearhaskilled46peopleincluding32fromVietnamand12fromThailand（这种病毒去年已造成46人死亡，其中包括32名越南人和12名泰国人）可知，C项错误；D项“禽流感比普通流感更致命”，最后一句说到itmaymutatetoahumanformthatcouldbecomeasdeadlyastheonesthatkilledmillionsduringthreeinfluenzapandemicsofthe20thcentury.（这种病毒可能会变异，就像20世纪三次流感大流行中导致数百万人死亡的那种病毒一样致命），由此可知是变异后可能会比普通流感更致命，所以D项错误。故该题选A。

35.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】主旨大意题。题干意思是“文章最好的标题是……”。文章全篇主要讲述的是禽流感的预防措施和控制，根据文章首段(6)PoultryfarmersneedtoadoptstricthygienestandardstocurbAsial’sdeadlybirdfluvirus,atopVietnameseofficialsaidontheeveofaninternationalconferenceWednesdayonfightingthedisease.（越南一位高级官员在星期三召开的防治禽流感国际会议前夕说，家禽养殖户需要采用严格的卫生标准来遏制亚洲的致命禽流感病毒。）可知，本文是讲述官方如何督促农民控制禽流感，所以D项“官方督促农民控制禽流感”符合题意。A项“禽流感：致命的疾病”太片面，因此不选；B项“我们能从禽流感中学到什么”，文中没有提到这些内容，B项错误；C项“越南：禽流感最大的受害者”，文章也未提及越南是禽流感的最大受害者。故该题选D。

15.单选题

TheGymnasiumwas（

）byApril2014,butnowthewallwasstillnowhereinsight.

问题1选项

A.tobecompleted

B.tocomplete

C.tohavecompleted

D.tohavebeencompleted

【答案】D

【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。这里考查的是非谓语动词不定式的用法。选项A是不定式结构的被动形式，表示被动或是逻辑上的动宾关系。选项B是不定式的一般式，和句中的主语形成逻辑上的动宾关系。选项C是不定式的完成式，表示动作已经发生。选项D表示不定式的完成式，并且含有被动语态，表示动宾关系兼完成状态。分析文章语义“体育馆2014年4月建成”了，选项D为最佳答案。

16.单选题

Duringtheopera’smostfamousaria,thetempochosenbytheorchestra’sconductorseemed（

）,withoutnecessaryrelationtowhathadgonebefore.

问题1选项

A.tedious

B.melodious

C.capricious

D.moderation

【答案】C

【解析】名词辨析题。tedious沉闷的，冗长乏味的；melodious旋律优美的；capricious反复无常的，任性的；moderation适度，节制。句意：在歌剧最著名的咏叹调中，管弦乐队指挥所选择的节奏似乎有些随意，与之前的情况没有必要的联系。选项C更符合语境。

17.单选题

Beautyhasalwaysbeenregardedassomethingpraiseworthy.Almosteveryonethinksattractivepeoplearehappierandhealthier,havebettermarriagesandhavemorerespectableoccupations.Personalconsultantsgivethembetteradviceforfindingjobs.Evenjudgesaresofteronattractivedefendants.Butintheexecutivecircle,beautycanbecomealiability.

Whileattractivenessisapositivefactorforamanonhiswayuptheexecutiveladder,itisharmfultoawoman.

Handsomemaleexecutiveswereperceivedashavingmoreintegritythanplainermen;effortandabilitywerethoughttoaccountfortheirsuccess.Attractivefemaleexecutiveswereconsideredtohavelessintegritythanunattractiveones;theirsuccesswasattributednottoabilitybuttofactorssuchasluck.Allunattractivewomenexecutiveswerethoughttohavemoreintegrityandtobemorecapablethantheattractivefemaleexecutives.Interestingly,though,theriseoftheunattractiveovernightsuccesseswasattributedmoretopersonalrelationshipsandlesstoabilitythanwasthatofattractiveovernightsuccesses.

Whyareattractivewomennotthoughttobeable?Anattractivewomanisperceivedtobemorefeminineandanattractivemanmoremasculinethanthelessattractiveones.Thus,anattractivewomanhasanadvantageintraditionallyfemalejobs,butanattractivewomaninatraditionallymasculinepositionappearstolackthe“masculine”qualitiesrequired.

Thisistrueeveninpolitics.“Whentheonlyclueishowheorshelooks,peopletreatmenandwomendifferently,”saysAnnBowman,whorecentlypublishedastudyontheeffectsofattractivenessonpoliticalcandidates.Sheasked125undergraduatestoranktwogroupsofphoto