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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安阳工学院考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Theworldisfacingthe_______ofwatershortagescausedbypopulationgrowth,unevensuppliesofwater,pollution,andotherfactors.

问题1选项

A.prospect

B.insight

C.location

D.anticipation

【答案】D

【解析】prospect展望,前途;insight洞察力,见识;location位置,场所;anticipation预期,预感。句意:世界将面临着所预期的因人口增长,供水不平衡,污染等因素造成的水资源短缺问题。选项D符合句意。

2.单选题

Einstein’stheoryofrelativityseemedhardtobelieveatthetime______.

问题1选项

A.thathefirstintroducedit

B.whenhefirstintroduced

C.hefirstintroduced

D.whichhefirstintroducedit

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.thathefirstintroducedit他第一次介绍它B.whenhefirstintroduced他第一次介绍

C.hefirstintroduced他第一次介绍D.whichhefirstintroducedit他第一次介绍它

【考查点】定语从句。

【解题思路】分析句子可知,atthetime(在那时)为句子的时间状语从句,句意是“爱因斯坦的相对论在当时似乎难以置信”,空格处为定语从句修饰atthetime,引导词在定语从句中充当时间状语,所以从句主谓宾必须完整,故该题选择A项。

【干扰项排除】

B、C项缺少宾语it;

D项which应该改为atwhich。

【句意】当爱因斯坦第一次提出相对论时,他的理论似乎难以置信。

3.单选题

Itisnecessaryforthevaluablespeciesto()itselfinordertostayinexistence.

问题1选项

A.infer

B.propagate

C.inject

D.jerk

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析。句意:为了能够使珍稀物种生存,必须进行。infer推论;propagate繁殖;inject注射;jerk猛拉。因此,B项符合句意。

4.不定项选择题

Inthe1950s,thepioneersofartificialintelligence(AI)predictedthat,bytheendofthiscentury,computerswouldbeconversingwithusatworkandrobotswouldbeperformingourhousework.Butasusefulascomputersare,they’renowhereclosetoachievinganythingremotelyresemblingtheseearlyaspirationsforhumanlikebehavior.Nevermindsomethingascomplexasconversation:themostpowerfulcomputersstruggletoreliablyrecognizetheshapeofanobject,themostelementaryoftasksforaten-month-oldkid.

AgrowinggroupofAIresearchersthinktheyknowwherethefieldwentwrong.Theproblem,thescientistssay,isthatAIhasbeentryingtoseparatethehighest,mostabstractlevelsofthought,likelanguageandmathematics,andtoduplicatethemwithlogical,step-by-stepprograms.AnewmovementinAI,ontheotherhand,takesacloserlookatthemoreroundaboutwayinwhichnaturecameupwithintelligence.Manyoftheseresearchersstudyevolutionandnaturaladaptationinsteadofformallogicandconventionalcomputerprograms.Ratherthandigitalcomputersandtransistors,somewanttoworkwithbraincellsandproteins.Theresultsoftheseearlyeffortsareaspromisingastheyarepeculiar,andthenewnature-basedAImovementisslowlybutsurelymovingtotheforefrontofthefield.

Imitatingthebrain’sneural(神经的)networkisahugestepintherightdirection,sayscomputerscientistandbiophysicistMichaelConrad,butitstillmissesanimportantaspectofnaturalintelligence.“Peopletendtotreatthebrainasifitweremadeupofcolor-codedtransistors”,heexplains,“butit’snotsimplyaclevernetworkofswitches.Therearelotsofimportantthingsgoingoninsidethebraincellsthemselves.”Specifically,Conradbelievesthatmanyofthebrain’scapabilitiesstemfromthepatternrecognitionproficiencyoftheindividualmoleculesthatmakeupeachbraincell.Thebestwaytobuildanartificiallyintelligentdevice,heclaims,wouldbetobuilditaroundthesamesortofmolecularskills.

Rightnow,thenotionthatconventionalcomputersandsoftwarearefundamentallyincapableofmatchingtheprocessesthattakeplaceinbrainremainscontroversial.Butifitprovestrue,thentheeffortsofConradandhisfellowAIrebelscouldturnouttobetheonlygameintown.

1.Theauthorsaysthatthepowerfulcomputersoftoday(

).

2.Thenewtrendinartificialintelligenceresearchstemsfrom(

).

3.ConradandhisgroupofAIresearchershavebeenmakingenormouseffortsto(

).

4.What’stheauthor’sopinionaboutthenewAImovement?

5.Whichofthefollowingisclosetinmeaningtotheunderlinedphrase“theonlygameintown”(Line3,Para.4)?

问题1选项

A.arecapableofreliablyrecognizingtheshapeofanobject

B.areclosetoexhibitinghumanlikebehavior

C.arenotverydifferentintheirperformancefromthoseofthe50’s

D.stillcannotcommunicatewithpeopleinahumanlanguage

问题2选项

A.theshiftofthefocusofstudytotherecognitionoftheshapesofobjects

B.thebeliefthathumanintelligencecannotbeduplicatedwithlogical,step-by-stepprograms

C.theaspirationsofscientiststoduplicatetheintelligenceofaten-month-oldchild

D.theeffortsmadebyscientistsinthestudyofthesimilaritiesbetweentransistorsandbraincells

问题3选项

A.findaroundaboutwaytodesignpowerfulcomputers

B.buildacomputerusingaclevernetworkofswitches

C.findouthowintelligencedevelopinnature

D.separatethehighestandmostabstractlevelsofthought

问题4选项

A.Ithascreatedasensationamongartificialintelligenceresearchersbutwillsoondieout.

B.It’sabreakthroughinduplicatinghumanthoughtprocesses.

C.It’smorelikeapeculiargameratherthanarealscientificeffort.

D.Itmayprovetobeintherightdirectionthoughnobodyissureofitsfutureprospects.

问题5选项

A.Theonlyapproachtobuildinganartificiallyintelligentcomputer.

B.Theonlywayforthemtowinaprizeinartificialintelligenceresearch.

C.Theonlyareaworthstudyingincomputerscience.

D.Theonlygametheywouldliketoplayintown.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:事实细节题。题干:作者说当今强大的计算机……A选项“能够可靠地识别物体的形状”;B选项“接近人类行为的表现”;C选项“他们的表现和50年代的没有什么不同”;D选项“仍然不能用人类的语言与人交流”。根据题干定位到第一段第二三句话:Butasusefulascomputersare,they’renowhereclosetoachievinganythingremotelyresemblingtheseearlyaspirationsforhumanlikebehavior.Nevermindsomethingascomplexasconversation:themostpowerfulcomputersstruggletoreliablyrecognizetheshapeofanobject,themostelementaryoftasksforaten-month-oldkid.(尽管计算机很有用,但是它们离实现类似人类行为这一早期愿望还差得很远,更别提像对话这样复杂的事情了:最强大的计算机也很难可靠地识别物体的形状,然而这对一个10个月大的孩子来说是最基本的任务。),从这句可以看出,选项A、B错误,答案选D;选项C文章没有提及。

第2题:事实细节题。题干:人工智能研究的新趋势源于……。A选项“研究的重点转向对物体形状的识别”;B选项“相信人类的智慧不能被逻辑上的、按部递进的程序所复制”;C选项“科学家们渴望复制一个10个月大的孩子的智力”;D选项“科学家们在研究晶体管和脑细胞之间相似性方面所做的努力”。根据题干定位到第二段第二三句话Theproblem,thescientistssay,isthatAIhasbeentryingtoseparatethehighest,mostabstractlevelsofthought,likelanguageandmathematics,andtoduplicatethemwithlogical,step-by-stepprograms.AnewmovementinAI,ontheotherhand,takesacloserlookatthemoreroundaboutwayinwhichnaturecameupwithintelligence.(科学家们表示,问题在于,人工智能一直在试图分离语言和数学等最高、最抽象的思维层次,并用逻辑的、循序渐进的程序来复制它们。另一方面,人工智能领域的一项新运动更深入地探讨了自然与智能之间的间接联系),从这句可以看出科学家指出问题在于人们一直在用看似有逻辑的步骤来复制抽象的思维,但其实这样是行不通的,所以答案选B;A、C选项只是对文章内容的拼接,不是问题所在;D选项文章没有提及。

第3题:事实细节题。题干:康拉德和他的人工智能研究小组一直在努力……。A选项“找到一个迂回的方法来设计功能强大的计算机”;B选项“用一个巧妙的交换机网络构建一台计算机”;C选项“了解智能实际上是如何发展的”;D选项“将思维的最高层次和最抽象的层次分开”。根据题干关键词定位到原文第三段第一句“计算机科学家兼生物物理学家迈克尔•康拉德(MichaelConrad)说,模仿大脑的神经网络(Imitatingthebrain’sneuralnetwork)是朝着正确方向迈出的一大步,但它仍然忽略了自然智能(naturalintelligence)的一个重要方面。”,通过这一句话可以看出,康拉德所做的内容是人工智能和自然智能之间的关系,康拉德赞同人工智能取得进步的想法,但是他同时认为不能忽略自然智能的某一方面。再结合第三段最后两句“具体来说,康拉德认为,大脑的许多能力都源于构成每个脑细胞(eachbraincell)的单个分子的模式识别能力。他声称,制造人工智能设备的最佳方法是围绕同样的分子技能(thesamesortofmolecularskills)来制造。”可知康拉德一直在努力了解大脑本身是如何运作的,再用于人工智能中,因此C选项正确。ABD三项都不符合题干,排除。

第4题:作者意图题。A选项“它在人工智能研究人员中引起了轰动,但很快就会消失”;B选项“这是在复制人类思维过程方面的一个突破”;C选项“这更像是一个奇特的游戏,而不是真正的科学努力”;D选项“它可能被证明是在正确的方向上,尽管没有人能确定它的未来前景”。定位到文章第二段最后一句话Theresultsoftheseearlyeffortsareaspromisingastheyarepeculiar,andthenewnature-basedAImovementisslowlybutsurelymovingtotheforefrontofthefield(这些早期努力的成果既有希望,也有独特之处,新的基于自然的人工智能运动正在缓慢但肯定地走向该领域的前沿),从这里可知答案选D,其他选项不符合题意。

第5题:语义推测题。A选项:“这是制造人工智能计算机的唯一途径”;B选项“这是他们赢得人工智能研究奖的唯一途径”;C选项“计算机科学中唯一值得学习的领域”;D选项“他们在城里唯一想玩的游戏”。第四段最后一句:Butifitprovestrue,thentheeffortsofConradandhisfellowAIrebelscouldturnouttobetheonlygameintown.(但如果这是真的,那么康拉德和他的人工智能伙伴们的努力可能会成为())然后定位到第三段最后一句:Thebestwaytobuildanartificiallyintelligentdevice,heclaims,wouldbetobuilditaroundthesamesortofmolecularskills(他(康拉德)声称,建造人工智能设备的最好方法是围绕同样的分子技术来建造),从这里可以看出来康拉德另辟蹊径的目的是为了建造人工智能,如果康拉德及其团队的道路是正确的话那么这会是通往城市唯一的游戏,由此可以推测通往城市的唯一游戏是指建造人工智能唯一的方法,所以A选项正确,其他选项不符合题意。

5.单选题

Hisoriginalityasacomposeris(

)bythefollowinggroupofsongs.

问题1选项

A.exemplified

B.created

C.performed

D.realize

【答案】A

【解析】考察动词词义辨析。exemplify“例证”;create“创造”;perform“执行;表演”;realize“实现;认识到”。句意:作为作曲家,下面例举的几首曲子可以证明他的独创性。选项A符合题意。

6.单选题

Asanimportant()forouremotionsandideas,musiccanplayahugeroleinourlife.

问题1选项

A.vessel

B.vest

C.venture

D.vehicle

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A项vessel“船,器皿”,B项vest“背心,汗衫”,C项venture“冒险旅行”,D项vehicle“车辆,交通工具,运载工具”。后文提到“音乐在生活中发挥重要作用”,根据前文的ouremotionandideas(我们的情感和思想)可知空格处表示“载体”。句意:作为情感和思想的重要载体,音乐在我们的生活中扮演着重要的角色。因此,该题D项正确。

7.单选题

Theauthorofthereportiswell(

)withtheproblemsinthehospitalbecausehehasbeenworkingthereformanyyears.

问题1选项

A.acquainted

B.informed

C.enlightened

D.advised

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。acquaint“使熟悉;使认识”,常与with连用;inform“通知,报告”,常用搭配beinformedof;enlighten“启蒙、教导”;advise“建议,劝告”。句意:这篇报道的作者非常了解医院的问题,因为他在这家医院已经工作很多年了。A项符合题意,答案A

8.单选题

ItisabsolutelyessentialthatWilliam(

)hisstudyinspiteofsomelearningdifficulties.

问题1选项

A.willcontinue

B.continued

C.continue

D.continues

【答案】C

【解析】句意:尽管有着一些学习困难,但是威廉却完全有必要继续自己的学习。

语法题。考查虚拟语气。It’s+形容词(essential,necessary,important等)+从句(谓语是shoulddo,其中should可以省略)。由句中关键词“Itisabsolutelyessentialthat完全有必要”可知C项“continue”正确。

9.不定项选择题

Scienceisadominantthemeinourculture.Sinceittouchesalmosteveryfacetofourlife,educatedpeopleneedatleastsomeacquaintancewithitsstructureandoperation.Theyshouldalsohaveanunderstandingofthesubcultureinwhichscientistsliveandthekindsofpeopletheyare.Anunderstandingofgeneralcharacteristicsofscienceaswellasspecificscientificconceptsiseasiertoattainifoneknowssomethingaboutthethingsthatexciteandfrustratethescientist.

Thisbookiswrittenfortheintelligentstudentorlaypersonwhoseacquaintancewithscienceissuperficial;forthepersonwhohasbeenpresentedwithscienceasamustystorehouseofdriedfacts;forthepersonwhoseesthechiefobjectiveofscienceastheproductionofgadgets;andforthepersonwhoviewsthescientistsassomesortofmagician.Thebookcanbeusedtosupplementacourseinanyscience,toaccompanyanycoursethatattemptstogiveanunderstandingofthemodernworld,or―independentlyofanycourse―simplytoprovideabetterunderstandingofscience.Wehopethisbookwillleadreaderstoabroaderperspectiveonscientificattitudesandamorerealisticunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweenscienceandourcultureandanappreciationoftherolessciencemayplayinourculture.Inaddition,readersmaylearntoappreciatetherelationshipbetweenscientificviewsandsomeofthevaluesandphilosophiesthatarepervasiveinourculture.

Wehavetriedtopresentinthisbookanaccurateandup-to-datepictureofthescientificcommunityandthepeoplewhopopulateit.Thatpopulationhasinrecentyearscometocompriseincidentbut,rather,partofthetrendevidentinallsegmentsofsocietyasmorewomenentertraditionallymale-dominatedfieldsandmakesignificantcontributions.Indiscussingthesechangesandcontribution,however,wearefacedwithalanguagethatisimplicitlysexist,onethatusesmalenounsorpronounsinreferringtounspecifiedindividuals.Tooffsetthisbuilt-inbias,wehaveadoptedthepolicyofusingpluralnounsandpronounswheneverpossibleand,whenabsolutelynecessary,alternatingheandshe.Thispolicyisfarfrombeingideal,butitisatleastanacknowledgmentoftheinadequacyofourlanguageintreatinghalfofthehumanraceequally.

Wehavealsotriedtomakethebookentertainingaswellasinformative.Ourapproachisusuallyinformal.Wefeel,asdomanyotherscientists,thatweshouldn’ttakeourselvestooseriously.Asthereadermayobserve,weseescienceasadelightfulpastimeratherthanasagrimanddrearywaytoearnaliving.

1.Accordingtothepassage,scientificsubculturemeans____.

2.Weneedtoknowsomethingaboutthestructureandoperationofsciencebecause____.

3.Thebookmentionedinthispassageiswrittenforreaderswho____.

4.Accordingtothispassage,____.

5.Thispassagemostprobablyis____.

问题1选项

A.culturalgroupsthatareformedbyscientists

B.peoplewhoseknowledgeofscienceisverylimited

C.thescientificcommunity

D.peoplewhomakegoodcontributiontoscience

问题2选项

A.itisnoteasytounderstandthethingsthatexciteandfrustratescientists

B.scienceaffectsalmosteveryaspectofourlife

C.scientistsliveinaspecificsubculture

D.itiseasiertounderstandgeneralcharacteristicsofscience

问题3选项

A.areintelligentcollegestudentsandlaypersonwhodonotknowmuchaboutscience

B.aregoodatproducingvariousgadgets

C.workinastorehouseofdriedfacts

D.wanttohaveasuperficialunderstandingofscience

问题4选项

A.Englishisasexistlanguage

B.onlyinthescientificworldistheroleofwomenincreasingrapidly

C.womenaremakingsignificantcontributionstoeliminatingtheinadequacyofourlanguage

D.malenounsorpronounsshouldnotbeusedtorefertoscientists

问题5选项

A.abookreview

B.theprefaceofabook

C.thepostscriptofabook

D.theconcludingpartofabook

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.【选项释义】

Accordingtothepassage,scientificsubculturemeans____.根据文章,科学亚文化意味着______。

A.culturalgroupsthatareformedbyscientistsA.由科学家组成的文化团体

B.peoplewhoseknowledgeofscienceisverylimitedB.那些科学知识非常有限的人

C.thescientificcommunityC.科学社区

D.peoplewhomakegoodcontributiontoscienceD.对科学有贡献的人

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据题干信息词scientificsubculture可定位到Para.1第三句,该处讲到“亚文化(subculture)是科学家生活的地方”。可以推断科学亚文化就是一个社区。故C项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“由科学家组成的文化团体”,属于无中生有;

B选项“那些科学知识非常有限的人”属于无中生有;

D选项“对科学有贡献的人”属于无中生有。

2.【选项释义】

Weneedtoknowsomethingaboutthestructureandoperationofsciencebecause____.我们需要了解科学的结构和运作,因为____。

A.itisnoteasytounderstandthethingsthatexciteandfrustratescientistsA.要理解那些使科学家激动和沮丧的事情是不容易的

B.scienceaffectsalmosteveryaspectofourlife.B.科学影响着我们生活的方方面面

C.scientistsliveinaspecificsubcultureC.科学家生活在一个特定的亚文化中

D.itiseasiertounderstandgeneralcharacteristicsofscienceD.这样更容易理解科学的一般特征

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据题干信息词scienceaffectsaspectofourlife可定位到Para.1第二句,该处讲到“由于它几乎涉及我们生活的方方面面,受过教育的人至少需要对它的结构和运作有所了解。(Sinceittouchesalmosteveryfacetofourlife)”。这里的it指代上一句中的science,即科学涉及到方方面面。比对选项,B选项恰好是此信息的同义转换,因此B选项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“要理解那些使科学家激动和沮丧的事情是不容易的”,文中提到如果一个人知道那些使科学家激动不已和灰心丧气的东西,就比较容易理解科学的一般特征以及具体的科学概念。该选项偷换概念;

C选项“科学家生活在一个特定的亚文化中”,属于无中生有;

D选项“这样更容易理解科学的一般特征”,文中讲到如果一个人知道那些使科学家激动不已和灰心丧气的东西,才会比较容易理解科学的一般特征。这里属于张冠李戴。

3.【选项释义】

Thebookmentionedinthispassageiswrittenforreaderswho____.这篇文章中提到的书是为那些____的读者。

A.areintelligentcollegestudentsandlaypersonwhodonotknowmuchaboutscienceA.聪明的大学生和不懂科学的外行

B.aregoodatproducingvariousgadgetsB.擅长生产各种小玩意(的人)

C.workinastorehouseofdriedfactsC.在干巴巴的事实仓库里工作(的人)

D.wanttohaveasuperficialunderstandingofscienceD.想要对科学有一个肤浅的理解(的人)

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到Para.2第一句,该处明确表示这本书是为那些对科学了解肤浅的聪明的学生或外行而写的(fortheintelligentstudentorlayperson)。比对选项,A选项恰好是此信息的同义转换,因此A选项正确。

【干扰项排除】

B选项“擅长生产各种小玩意(的人)”,属于无中生有;

C选项“在干巴巴的事实仓库里工作(的人)”,属于无中生有;

D选项“想要对科学有一个肤浅的理解(的人)”,文中说到的是学生和外行而写,他们对科学的认识肤浅。而不是想要对科学有肤浅认识的人写。这里属于偷换概念。

4.【选项释义】

Accordingtothispassage,____.根据文章,____。

A.EnglishisasexistlanguageA.英语是一种隐含性别歧视的语言

B.onlyinthescientificworldistheroleofwomenincreasingrapidlyB.只有在科学领域,女性的作用才迅速增加

C.womenaremakingsignificantcontributionstoeliminatingtheinadequacyofourlanguageC.妇女正在为消除我们语言的不足作出重大贡献

D.malenounsorpronounsshouldnotbeusedtorefertoscientistsD.男性名词或代词不应该用来指代科学家

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】Para.3中可知我们用男性的名词代指未指明的人(usesmalenounsorpronouns),为了消除这种歧视,我们采取了措施。也就是说我们不应该用男性名词或代词指未指明的人,其中也包含科学家。比对选项,D选项恰好是此信息的同义转换,因此D选项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“英语是一种隐含性别歧视的语言”,文中只是说随着越来越多的妇女进入传统上由男子主导的领域并做出重大贡献,这一人口已成为社会各阶层中明显趋势的一部分。然而,在讨论这些变化和贡献时,我们面对的是一种隐含性别歧视的语言。A选项过度推断;

B选项“只有在科学领域,女性的作用才迅速增加”,文中提到越来越多的女性进入科学领域。B选项属于无中生有;

C选项“妇女正在为消除我们语言的不足作出重大贡献”,文中提到越来越多的妇女进入传统上由男子主导的领域并作出重大贡献。并没说在消除语言不足方面。C选项无中生有。

5.【选项释义】

Thispassagemostprobablyis____.这一段很可能是____。

A.abookreviewA.一个书评

B.theprefaceofabookB.一本书的序言

C.thepostscriptofabookC.一本书的附言

D.theconcludingpartofabookD.书的结尾部分

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据Para.2“这本书是为……而写”(Thisbookiswrittenfor)以及最后一段“我们还努力使这本书既有娱乐性又有知识性(triedtomakethebookentertaining)”可知这篇文章是一个序言。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“一个书评”,如果是书评的话会写书的好处或者坏处;

C选项“一本书的附言”,如果是附言,则会进行补充说明;

D选项“书的结尾部分”,书的结尾应该会对整本书进行一个结论说明。

A、C、D均不正确。

10.填空题

Directions:YouaregoingtoreadamagazinearticleaboutthemeparksinBritain.Forquestions34-40,choosefromthethemeparks(A-E).Thethemeparksmaybechosenmorethanonce.Thereisanexampleatthebeginning(0).Markyouranswersontheseparateanswersheet.

Ofwhichthemeparksarethefollowingstated?

Wehadnopreviousexperienceofplaceslikethis.(0)B

Thechildrenwereallyoungenoughtoenjoyit.(34)()

Itwasgoodthatyoucouldfindsomewheretorest.(35)()

Itwasmoreenjoyablethanwehadexpected.(36)()

Thechildrendisagreedaboutwhatwasthemostfrighteningride.(37)()

Thesurroundingsarenotparticularlyattractive.(38)()

Wedidn’tmindhavingtowaittogoontherides.(39)()

Oneoftheridesseemedtofinishveryquickly.(40)()

VariationsonaTheme

Ifyou’rethinkingoftakingchildrentoathemepark,therearedozenstochoosefrominBritain.Weaskedfivefamiliestotestthebest.

A.FunIsland

JanandSteveBurnstookdaughterSamantha,3,andhercousinsGary,8,andJemma,10.

LastyearwewenttoahugethemeparkintheUSandwethoughtthatFunIslandmightseemdullbycomparison.Infact,wewereimpressed.Theparktrieshardtocaterforyoungerchildren,soourthree-year-olddidn’tfeelleftout.ThekidsalllovedtheCrocodileRideandtheGiantWheel.There’saspecialdodgemsridefortheveryyoungkids,whichwasagreatsuccess.Forolderchildren,therearescarierrides,suchasSplashOut,whereyouendupjumpinginapool!Afterfivehours,SteveandIwerereadytocallitaday,butthechildrenobjectedbecausetheywerehavingsuchfun.Ouronlycriticismwouldbethattheparkisslightlylackinginatmosphere,andthescenerylavessomethingtobedesired.Butthestaffareextremelyhelpfulandwefeltitwasclean,well-organizedandverysecurity-conscious.

B.Wonderland

MariaMcMillanandherfriendFrancestookOscar,18months,Ellie,4,Alex,5,andAlexander,6.

Noneofushadbeentoathemeparkbefore,sowedidn’tknowwhattoexpect.WethoughtOscarmightbetooyoung,butheadoredit.HewasinheavenontheMountainTrain,andparticularlylikedLittleLand,withitssmallreplicasoffamousbuildingsthatwereathislevel!Theolderchildrenenjoyedtheferriswheel,andloveddrivingthetoycarsonaproperroadlayout.Wespentsixhoursthereandweregladthattherewereplaceswhereyoucouldputyourfeetup.Thelandscapingisperfectandthestaffveryhelpfulandfriendly.Andthere’ssomethingforeveryone,adultsincluded.

C.AdventureWorld

TimJeffreeandhiswifeClaretookTimothy,3,Olivia,7,andEmma,9.

Aftersevenhourswefelttherewasstillalottosee.Thisisanenormousthemepark,extremelywellrunandfullofgoodrides.ThechildrenlovetheBigTopCircus,whichhadafantasticTrapezeactandkeptusontheedgeofourseats.WewentontheTerrorLineand,althoughthegirlswereratherscaredandkepttheireyesshutmostofthetime,theysaidthey’denjoyedit.TheirfavoriteridewasRunningRiverwhereyouthinkyouaregoingtogetsoaked,butyoudon’t.Foryoungerchildren,ToyLandisgreatfun.Thechildrenhadalookatthenewride,FearFactor,butwebreathedasighofreliefwhentheyfoundthattheyweretoosmalltogoonit!Theparkissowelldesignedthatevenqueuingforridesisn’ttooboring.It’sspotlesslyclean,andthestaffaregreat.OnonerideIcouldn’tsitwithbothgirls,soamemberofstaffofferedtogowithoneofthem.

D.TheGreatPark

JennyLangridgeandherfriendLindatookBen,6,James,9,andSophie,12.

Wearrivedatoneo’clockandweredisappointedthattheparkwasonlyopenuntil5p.m.Thisisasuperthemeparkforyoungerchildrenbecausetheridesaren’ttooterrifying.I’marealcowardbutevenIenjoyedmyself.WealladoredExoticTravels,aboatridewhichstartsoffquitetamelyandthenbecomesterrificfun.WequeuedforhalfanhourforLightningRiver,andthenitwasoverbeforeweknewit!Iwouldn’tgoontheBigLeap,butifyouhavethenerve,itlookedgreat.TherearelotsofenjoyableboatandtraintripsaroundtheparkandIfeltalltheattractionswereverysafeandwellcontrolled.Ifthechildrenhadbeenalittleolder,theymighthavefounditabittame,buttheywereallintherightagegroupandtheylovedit.

E.FantasyWorld

BillBreakallandhiswifeRuthtookSarah,10,Tom,13,Jennie,15,andBen,19.

Accordingtothepark’sadvertisingthereis“NoLimittotheFun”,andwecertainlyfeltthatwastrue.Europe’stallestroller-coaster,theRocket,dominatestheskyline,andBenthoughtitwasthemostterrifyingoftherides,althoughJenniesaidtheHanger,whereyouhangupside-down30metersabovetheground,wasevenworse!Thereareadozenorsomainrides,whichtheolderchildrenwentonseveraltimes.Sarahwastoosmallforacoupleofthem,butenjoyedtheLongSlide.Tomlovedthezooandwildlifepark.Theparkiscleanandhasgoodparkingfacilities.Wefoundthestaffattitudesweremixed.Someofthemweregreatwiththeyoungerchildren,butthewelcomewasn’talwaysaswarm.YouneedafulldaytoenjoyFantasyWorld.Wewouldn’thavedaredtellthekidsweweregoinghomeearly.

【答案】34.D

35.B

36.A

37.E

38.A

39.C

40.D

【解析】34.句意:孩子们都足够年幼,可以享受其中。由D部分中Ifthechildrenhadbeenalittleolder,theymighthavefounditabittame,buttheywereallintherightagegroupandtheylovedit.(如果孩子们再大一点,他们可能会觉得这有点乏味,但他们都在合适的年龄段,他们都很喜欢。)可知,TheGreatPark适合年幼的孩子,6岁的本、9岁的詹姆斯和12岁的索菲年龄都足够小,玩得很开心。因此本题选D。

35.句意:你能找到地方休息,这很好。由B部分中Wespentsixhoursthereandweregladthattherewereplaceswhereyoucouldputyourfeetup.(我们在那里待了6个小时,很高兴那里有可以歇脚的地方。)可知,Wonderland有可以休息的地方。因此本题选B。

36.句意:这比我们预想的要愉快得多。由A部分中LastyearwewenttoahugethemeparkintheUSandwethoughtthatFunIslandmightseemdullbycomparison.Infact,wewereimpressed.(去年我们去了美国的一个大型主题公园,我们以为相比之下,FunIsland可能会很乏味。但事实上,我们印象深刻。)可知,我们本以为FunIsland可能会很乏味,但实际上比我们预期的要玩得开心。因此本题选A。

37.句意:孩子们对什么是最可怕的项目意见不一。由E部分中Europe’stallestroller-coaster,theRocket,dominatestheskyline,andBenthoughtitwasthemostterrifyingoftherides,althoughJenniesaidtheHanger,whereyouhangupside-down30metersabovetheground,wasevenworse!(欧洲最高的过山车“火箭”占据了天际线,本认为这是最恐怖的项目,不过珍妮说倒挂在离地面30米的“倒挂金钟”更可怕!)可知,孩子们对于FantasyWorld里最可怕的项目有不同的意见。因此本题选E。

38.句意:周围的环境不是特别吸引人。由A部分中Ouronlycriticismwouldbethattheparkisslightlylackinginatmosphere,andthescenerylavessomethingtobedesired.(我们唯一的批评是该公园略微缺乏氛围,风景也有待改善。)可知,FunIsland的环境不是很好。因此本题选A。

39.句意:我们并不介意等待玩游乐项目。由C部分中Theparkissowelldesignedthatevenqueuingforridesisn’ttooboring.(这个公园设计得很好,甚至排队也不会太无聊。)可知,我们不介意在AdventureWorld排队等待玩游乐项目。因此本题选C。

40.句意:其中一个游乐项目似乎很快就结束了。由D部分中WequeuedforhalfanhourforLightningRiver,andthenitwasoverbeforeweknewit!(我们为闪电河排队半个小时,然后不知不觉就结束了!)可知,TheGreatPark中的闪电河项目似乎很快就结束了。因此本题选D。

11.翻译题

Thereareatleasttwowaysoftalkingaboutcontemporarycosmopolitancultures.Thefirstistosuggestthatcosmopolitanculturesarethedepthlesscommercialpleasuresoftheincreasinglyplacelesscapitalistelite.Inthisview,cosmopolitancultureisalignedwithapostmodernculturethatinvolvesthevisualandsensualpleasuresofglobalcities.Hollywoodcinema,MadonnaCDsandAustralianwine.Thisbuildsuponaprejudiceofcertainaspectsofleftthinkingthatpresumesthatifonemovesoutsidetheboundariesofthenationitisto‘wallowinaprivilegedandirresponsibledetachment’.Suchanotionofcosmopolitanismwouldtieafast-movingplacelesscultureintotheriseofanewmiddleandupperclassofcappuccinodrinkers.Herecosmopolitanismcanbecontrastedwiththemorelocalandnationalculturaldefinitionsthatareavailabletopoorandworkingpeople.Suchaviewsetsupasimplecontrastbetweencosmopolitansandlocals.Cosmopolitanism,onsuchaview,becomestheeverydaycurrencyofglobalcapitalism,whosemostobviouseffectisthereinforcementofsymbolicboundariesbetweensocialclasses.However,thesecondversionofcosmopolitanismhasamoreovertlyethicalvisionthanonemotivatedbythereproductionofclassprejudice.

Suchanotionofcosmopolitanismwouldnotpresumethattheglobe-trottingjournalistsareanymorecosmopolitanintheirorientationsthansomeonewhohasneverleftthecityoftheirbirth.Thisisbecausetoconceiveofcosmopolitanismethicallydetachesitfrommyabilitytoaccessexoticformsofconsumption,whileconnectingitfrommyabilitytolivewithdifferent.Whilecosmopolitanismcanindeedbeconnectedtoformsofculturalopenness,itismorecloselyconnectedtowhatJonathanRutherfordhascalled“theartoflife”thantomanicmobilityorhedonism.TheversionofcosmopolitanismIwishtodefendhasmoretodowithethicsandselfhoodthanexplicitconcernswithideology.

However,itdoesretainasociologicalpointofreferencethroughthemanynewclaimsandagendasthatarebeingopenedbyquestionsconnectedtothemobilityofcultures,multiculturalism,genderandsexuality.Yetthereareanumberofskepticsinthisregard.Forexample,Friedmanhasarguedthatintellectualsandeliteswhowishtotalkofhybridityandcosmopolitanismarelargelywritingfromthe‘particular’viewpointof‘de-territorialized’identities.

ThehybridityandculturalsophisticationofelitegroupsisinsharpdistinctiontotheprocessesofBalkanizationandtrivializationexperiencedatthebottomofthesystem.FriedmanmakesthesepointsagainstculturaltheoristslikeBhabha,whoseworkseekstoemphasizehowallformsofculturalandsymbolicproductionlacktheprimordialunityorfixityclaimedbyculturalnationalists.

Friedman’sviewisthatthisinsightislikelytobeoflittlehelpwhenfacedwithnationalistformsofculturalclosureandviolence.However,BhabhadoespointtoaconnectionbetweenquestionsofidentityandethicsmissedbyFriedma

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