unit4naturaldisasters单元测试（含听力材料及解析无音频）

单元综合测评选择题部分第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。isMichael’sjob?teacher. lawyer.tourguide.manypeoplewillbeattheparty?. ..isn’ttheman’sphoneworking?batteryislow.arenosignals.didn’tpaythephonebill.beatSally?. ’sbrother.brother.doesthemanwant?DVD. newspaper.football.第二节(共15小题；每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。请听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。muchwouldhalfakiloofcarrotscost?dollars. dollars.dollars.doesn’tthemanbuythewoman’scarrots?wantscheaperfood.wantshealthierfood.wantsbetter-tastingfood.请听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。didthewomancomehere?car. bus.subway.willthewomanorder?andsoup.porkpieandbeef.saladandanapplepie.请听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。dayisittoday?. ..willthewomanseeherdoctoronSaturday?10：00am. 11：00am.1：30pm.istheman’splanforthisSunday?traveltoanothercity.hangoutwithhissister.spendtimewiththewoman.请听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。wasthewomanborn?France. China.Thailand.didthewomancometoNewYork?getabetterjob.experiencelifethere.getfurthereducation.manycountrieshasthewomantaughtFrenchin?. ..doesthewomanwanttodointhefuture?downinNewYork.toteachinNewZealand.herstoriesthroughwriting.请听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。willthefirecomeclosetoLakewood?6：00am. 5：00pm.6：00pm.shouldn’tpeoplegotoescapethefire?. Hill.CabinaStation.longwillittakepeopletoreachthesafezonebycar?thantenminutes.thantwentyminutes.thanthirtyminutes.isthespeakerdoing?anannouncement.hisexperience.atest.听力原文Text1W：WhatdidMichaeldoaftergraduatingfromuniversity?M：Heconsideredbecomingatourguideandevenalawyerbeforehefinallysettledon’sbeendoingthateversince.Text2M：Couldyoutellmehowmanypeoplewillbepresentattheparty?W：Besidesyouandme，thereareeightotherpeoplecomingtotheparty.Text3M：Myphonedoesn’tseemtobepickingupanysignals.W：Haveyoucheckedthebattery？Didyoupaythephonebill?M：Oh，that’sright！Iwasoutoftownearlierandforgottosendinthepayment.Text4W：Whotookyoutothetennismatchyesterdayafternoon?M：MyfriendMarktookmethere.W：WhobeatSallyinthematch?M：Herbrotherbeather.Text5M：Areyougoingshoppingtoday，Mum?W：Yes,whatdoyouwant—anotherfootballDVD?M：Notthistime，waswonderingifyoucouldgetmeanewspaper.W：OK，noproblem.Text6W：Goodyoulikesomeorganiccarrots?M：Howmuchdotheycost?W：7dollarsperkilogram.M：Hmm...That’salittle’ssogoodaboutorganiccarrots?W：Theytastebetterandthey’remuchpeopleareeatingorganicfoodnow.M：Ireallywanttoeathealthierfood，butit’ssomuchmoreexpensivethanregular’dratherjustbuyfoodatregularprices.W：Yes，it’sagreatpitythatcustomersoftenhavetochoosepriceoverhealth.Text7M：Lisa，I’moverhere!W：Oh，hi!I’msorryI’msocarwouldn’tstart，soIhadtocomebybus.M：Whydidn’tyoutakethesubway？Wouldn’tthathavebeenmuchfaster?W：Thesubwaystationisabitfaraway，andIdidn’twanttowalkintheheat.Sohaveyouordered?M：wouldyoulike？Thebeefisgood.W：Oh，’monadiethardlyevereatmeatthese’lljustorderasaladandanapplecanorderwhateveryou’dlike.M：thinkIwantaporkpie，andI’llalsohavesomesteakandsomesoup.Text8M：Well，doyouhaveanythingplannedforthedayaftertomorrow?W：I’mkindofdoyouask?M：Iwaswonderingifwecouldgettogetheranddosomething,likegoingtoamovieorplayingtennisinthepark.W：I’dloveto，butI’mreallybusythisSaturday.M：That’stoowillyoubebusywith，ifImayask?W：Ihavepromisedtohelpmybrotherwithhisstudiesfrom10：00to11：00inthemorning，andthenIhaveanappointmentwithmydoctorat1：30intheafternoon.M：Howaboutafterthedoctor’sappointment?W：Then，IhavetogotoSara’sbirthday’lllasttill10：00youbusythisSunday?Ifyou’renot，wecanhangoutthen.M：Mysisterwillcomeandvisitmethishavetotakehertouringaroundthecity.Text9M：Hi，youoriginallyfromAmerica?W：wasborningrewupthereandreceivedmyeducationdidn’tcometoAmericauntilIwasthirtyyearsold.M：WhydidyoucometoNewYork?W：Well，IwantedtoexperiencetheAmericanwayofIwasgoodatteachingFrench，IdecidedtofindateachingjobinAmericaandlivehereforafewyears.M：YoumeanyoutaughtFrenchinyourhomecountrybeforeyoucamehere?W：taughtFrenchinseveraldifferentschoolsaroundtheAmerica，I’vetaughtFrenchinChina，SouthKorea，ThailandandNewZealand.M：Whydoyouliketeachingindifferentcountries?W：Ilikemeetingnewpeopleandlearningaboutthedifferentculturesaroundthealsoenjoyindifferentcountriesallowsmetotravelalot.M：Doyoueverwanttosettledownoneday?W：Yes，I’dliketogobacktoFranceandsettledownthereonehopetowriteabookortwobasedonmy’dliketosharemystorieswithothers.M：That’sagreatidea.Text10ThisistheLakewoodPublicAddressisnotatestliketheonewehadlastrepeat，thisisnotaWesternHillfireisspreadingtowardLakewoodmuchquickerthanwehad，weexpectthefiretocomewithintwentymilesofLakewoodbysixo’clockthisarethereforerequiringallpeopleheretoleavethisareaimmediately.Springfieldtothenorth，PointCabinaStationtotheeast，andGalvestontothesouthareallinthesafewilltakelessthanthirtyminutestodrivetoanyoftheseasmanythingsasyoucanfitinyourcar,butdonotbehaveordersfromthestatepolicetomakesurethattheentiretownofLakewoodisemptybyfiveo’clockhaveplentyoftimetogetallyourfamilymembers，pets，andbelongingstogether，sothereisnoneedtocalm，butgetstartedassoonaspossible.答案第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)第一节(共10小题；每小题分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AI’maspeakerandgivehundredsofspeecheseveryspokeaboutappreciation(感激)lastmonthandIusedthisquotebyAlbertSchweitzer“Sometimesourlightgoesoutbutisblownagainintoflamebymeetingwithanotherhumanofusshouldexpressthedeepestthankstothosewhohaverelightedthisinner(内心的)light.”Iaskedmyaudiencestoshuttheireyesandthinkaboutsomeonewho，atsometimeintheirlives，hasrelightedtheirinnerIlefttheroominsilenceforseveralwasalwaysameaningfulexperienceastheyrememberedthejoytheyfeltfromanotherperson.Oneday，agentlemancameuptotalkwithmeandthankedmeforcreatinganewawareness(意识)insaidhethoughtofhiseighth-gradehistoryteacherbecauseshewaseveryone’sfavoriteteacherandhadreallymadeadifferenceinalloftheirdayslater，thegentlemanfoundhishistoryteacherandhewrotetofollowingweekhereceivedthisletter：DearJohn，Youwillneverknowhowmuchyourlettermeanttoam83yearsold，andIamlivingallaloneinonefriendsareallfamily’staught50yearsandyoursisthefirst“thankyou”letterIhaveevergottenfromaIwonderwhatIdidwithmywillreadandrereadyourletteruntilthedayIdie.Thegentlemanwassad，“Sheisalwaystheonewetalkaboutwhenwehaveaiseveryone’sfavoriteteacher—weloveher！Butnoonehadevertoldheruntilshereceivedmyletter...”【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。作者以“感激”为主题的演讲使一位先生对“感激”有了新的认识。作者通过这位先生与他曾经的老师的书信往来告诉我们：要及时表达对别人的感激。didtheauthoruseAlbertSchweitzer’swordsinhisspeech?drawtheattentionoftheaudiences.showhishonortoAlbertSvehumansshouldhelpeachother.答案C[推理判断题。根据第一段可知，作者演讲的主题是“感激”，再结合AlbertSchweitzer的名言的内容可以推知，作者通过引用名人名言来强调“感激”的重要性。]didthegentlemancomeuptotheauthor?roducehishistoryteachertohim.答案B[细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句可知，作者的演讲使这位先生对“感激”有了新的认识，作者启发了他，他因此来感谢作者。]wasthegentlemansadafterreceivinghisteacher’sletter?onelovedtheteacher.missedhisteacherverymuch.teacherlostmanylovedones.didn’tthankhisteacherintime.答案D[推理判断题。根据文章的最后一段可知，这位先生为自己没能尽早向他的老师表示感激而感到伤心。]BEarthquakesstrikesuddenlyatanytimeofthedayornight，butthere’snowaytotellanearthquakehappens，itmaycausemanydeaths，injuriesandyouneedagoodpreparationaheadofhowandwhereyourfamilywillgettogetherifanout-of-statefriendorrelativethatthefamilymemberscancallafterthequaketoreportwheretheyareandhowtheythesafeplacesineachroom：underthestrongtables，desks，oragainstinsideenoughfood，waterandotherthings，includingaflashlight，aradio，medicinesandclothing.Duringtheearthquake，youshouldkeepaclearheadandneverbetoonervoustoknowwhattoyourheadandneckwithyourpossible，takeabook，apilloworanyotherthingstoprotectyourselffromfallingglassandyouareindoors，youmustimmediatelylieunderanystrongoutdoors，movetoanopenareaawayfromtrees，buildings，wallsorpoweryouareinanarrowvalley，movetothecentreofitandlookupforfallingyouareinacar，movetothesideoftheroadandstopthenotstopnearbuildings，powerlinesoronorunderinyourcaruntiltheshakingstops.Donotmoveabadlyinjuredpersonunlessheisingreatdangerafterthenotusethetelephoneimmediatelyunlessthereisaseriousinjuryoronyourradioforinstructionsandnewspreparedforyouwanttoleaveyourhome，postamessageinsideyourhometellingyourfamilymemberswhereyoucanbefound.【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了人们在地震前、地震中和地震后应该做的事情。prepareforanearthquake，weshouldmakesureof.anearthquakemayhappenplacewherewecanfindourfamilytoreceiveinstructionsandnewsreportsmoneywithwhichwecanbuyfoodandwater答案B[细节理解题。根据第一段第四句可知，要提前确定地震后家人会合的地点，故B项正确。]wearedrivingwhenanearthquakehappens，weshould.astrongbuildingtohideinthecarassoonaspossibleondrivingquicklytoleavetheareatothesideoftheroadandstopthere答案D[细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第三句可知，如果发生地震时你在开车，要把车开到路边停下，所以D项正确。]thepassage，weknowthatduringanearthquake.shouldkeepcalmandknowwhattodoclearlytreesandwallscanprotectusifweareoutdoorsshouldprotectourneckswithapilloworabookglasscanbeusedtohelpus答案A[细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，地震时，要保持头脑冷静，不能因为太紧张而不知所措，故正确答案为A项。]anearthquake，weshould.aninjuredpersonquicklythetelephoneimmediatelyontheTVtogetnewsreportsamessagebeforeleavinghome答案D[细节理解题。根据文章最后一句可知，地震后，在离开家之前，要留下信息告诉家人去哪里能找到你，故D项正确。]CEverybodyhatesintheearthquakecapitalsoftheworld—Japan，LosAngeles，Turkey—ratswillsoonbeman’snewbestfriends.Whathappensafteranearthquake?Wesendinrescue?Becausetheycansmellsavehelprescuerstofindlivingdogsarebigandtheycan’tgetintosmallnowanewresearchprojectisusingasmalleranimaltosavelives：therat.Howdoesitwork?First，theratistrainedtosmellthishappens，therat’sbraingivesasignal(信号).Thisissenttoasmallradioonitsback，andthentherescuersfollowtheradiotherat’sbrainactivityjumps，therescuersknowthatsomeoneisrathassmelledthatperson.Althoughtherearealreadyrobotswhichcandothisjob，ratsareLinsteratCornellUniversity，NewYork，says，“Robots’nosesdon’tworkwellwhenthereareothersmellsaregoodatthat.”Ratscanalsoseeinthearecheaperandquickertotrainthandogs，andunlikerobots，theydon’tneedelectricity!The“ratproject”isnotfinished，butJulieRyanofInternationalRescueCorpsinScotlandsays，“Itwouldberatcouldgetintospaceswecouldn’tgetto，andaratwouldgetoutifitwasn’tsafe.”Perhapsforthefirsttimeinhistory，peoplewillbehappytoseearatinabuilding(butonlyafteranearthquake，ofcourse).【语篇解读】文章介绍了用老鼠来寻找在地震中被困的人的优势。theworldearthquakecapitals，ratswillbecomeman’sbestfriendsbecausetheycan.theplaceofman’srescuejobsthepositionofpeoplealivewhoaretrappedinbuildingsasfoodforpeoplealivewhoaretrappedinbuildingsintosmallspaces答案B[推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容可知，人们利用老鼠来搜寻地震中的被困人员，因此答案为B。]thethirdparagraphweknowtherescuerscanjudgeapersonisaliveby.noisemadebytheratrat’sunusualbehavioursignalsentbytheradioontherat’sbacksmellgivenoffbytheperson答案C[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Whenthishappens，therat’sbraingivesasignal(信号).Thisissenttoasmallradioonitsback，andthentherescuersfollowtheradiosignals.”可知答案为C。]readingthepassageweknow.presentratshavetakentheplaceofdogsinsearchingforpeople“ratproject”hasbeencompletedarenowhappytoseearatinabuildingpeoplestillusedogsandrobotsinperformingrescues答案D[推理判断题。由文章最后一段中的“The‘ratproject’isnotfinished...”可知A、B两项错误；由文章最后两句可排除C。]第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Firstrainsoftheseasonalwaysmakeeverybody，asitbeginstorainoften，youwillpossiblyfeelbored.31Well，youcandomanyfunthings，whichwillmakethedayatrulyenjoyableone.32Takealittletimeoutfortakealongwalkandwatchcanwalkinyourneighborhoodoreventakethesubwayanddiscovernewplacesintheyouliketakingpictures，takeyourcameraalongwithyoutocatchbeautifulmoments.Hostaraindanceparty！33Itcanalsobeinyoursurethatthedancefloorishardandeventoavoidthestereo(立体声音响)undertheroofincaseitgetsyourfriendsandenjoytheparty!Watchandlistentoexample，youcantakeyourbikeandrideinagreenhillyarea.34Ifyoucan’tgooutsideyourhouse，sitinthebalcony(阳台)withacupofteaandlistentothesoundofwaterfallingondifferentobjects.Therearemanythingstodoonarainymakesureyoutakearainjacketoranumbrellawhilegoingoutintherains.35Whenitcomestopreventingyoucatchingacoldintherains，youcaneatalotofvitaminC，andtakeabathonceyoucomebackhome.awalkbyyourself.canstoptobuyanicecream.howcanyouhavefunonsucharainyday?cansitonthetopofahillandenjoytheview.won’tgetcompletelywetandthencatchacold.somecoffeeoutsideandenjoytheconversation.dancefloorcanbenearyourhome’sswimmingpool.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。主要介绍了如何开心地度过雨天。[该空前说下雨天你可能会觉得很烦恼，所以如何开心地度过雨天呢？其实你可以做许多开心的事，由此可知C项正确。][该空为该段的主题句，根据该空后的Takealittletimeoutforyourself以及下文多次提到的walk可知，选项A正确。][根据空后Itcanalsobeinyoursurethatthedancefloorishard...可知，It指代的是thedancefloor，G项中提到Thedancefloor，所以应选G项。][根据该段的主题句Watchandlistentonature和空前的Forexample，youcantakeyourbikeandrideinagreenhillyarea可知，D项正确。虽然B项也是以Youcan开头，但是与本段的主题句“赏雨和听雨”不一致。][外出的时候记得要带雨衣或雨伞，否则会淋湿感冒，由此可知E项符合语境。]第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Earthquakesarecommon；thousandsofthemhappeneachmostaretoo36toa37earthquake，thereisoftenagreatnoisetheearth38terriblyandmanyhouses39tracksbreakandtrainsgo40lines;agreatmanyfactoriesare41；thousandsofdeathsarecaused，andmanymorelosehomes...42thegreatdamageanddeathscausedbytheearthquake43，otherdisasterssuchasfiresoften44.Morebuildingsaredestroyedandmore45caused.Manknowsthe46ofapossibleearthquake，andforcenturiesmanhasbeenmakingresearchesonthan2，000yearsago，47，aChinesescientistnamedZhangHeng48amachinewhichcouldfindoutfromwhich49theseismicwaveshadcome，andthismachineisstill50byscientistsweknowmuchmoreaboutearthquakesand51theyhappen，butwestillcannot52exactlywhenandwhereanearthquakewillhappen，andcannot53itfromearthquakesareamongthe54disastersintheworld.Noonecanstopnaturalearthquakes.55，scientistscanhelpstopearthquakesdestroyingwholecitiesandcausingtoomanydeaths.【语篇解读】地震是常见的，会给人们带来很大的灾难。现在我们已经了解许多关于地震发生的原因，但我们仍然不知道究竟在何时何地会发生地震，并不能阻止这一切的发生。 答案B[有些地震太弱了，以至于人们感觉不到。] 答案C[根据其后的“thereisoftenagreatnoisefirst”可推知应选big。] 答案B[由常识可知，发生地震时，地面在晃动(shake)。] 答案D[地震导致房屋倒塌(falldown)。getdown“下来”；putdown“放下”；setdown“记下，写下”。] 答案A[由“railwaytracksbreak”可知，铁轨断了，火车出轨(off)了。] 答案C[工厂被破坏(destroyed)。burst“爆发”；strike“袭击，攻击”；bury“埋”，均不符合句意。] of of答案B[由第43空后的otherdisasters可知“除了”地震造成的损失之外，还有别的灾难，故B项正确。] 答案D[与后面的火灾相对应，强调地震“本身”造成的破坏。] 答案A[此处表示伴随地震而来的灾害，用follow“跟着”。] 答案B[地震引发的其他灾害造成更多的房屋倒塌和人员死亡。] 答案C[由常识可知，地震是很危险的。]aresult factexample well答案C[下面是作者的举例，说明人们为预测地震所做的研究，故选C项。] 答案A[invent指发明原来世上不存在的东西或事物，符合句意。discover“发现”；find“发现，找到”；buy“买”。] 答案B[张衡发明的地动仪能够根据地震波来的方向测定地震的方向。direction“方向”。] 答案D[现代的科学家仍然在“使用”张衡发明的地动仪。由still可知D项正确。] 答案D[由后面的whenandwhere判断，此空选why。] 答案B[tell“说明白，讲清楚”。] 答案C[我们已经研究出为什么会发生地震，但无法预测它什么时间，在哪里发生，也无法阻止它发生。prevent...fromdoing...“阻止……做……”。] 答案A[worst“最坏的”；best“最好的”；most“最多的”；fastest“最快的”。由于无法准确预测地震何时何地发生，故认为其是严重的灾难之一。] 答案A[前后句存在转折关系，but表示转折时不用逗号与其后内容隔开。]非选择题部分第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分45分)第二节(共10小题；每小题分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Livingbesideanactivevolcano(火山)meansthatsmallearthquakesarenothereknows56.theyfeellike，andtheycome57.nosurprisetothelocalme，they’realittledifferent，though.Whatdoyoudowhenthere’sanearthquake？Mostpeoplewouldtrytoleavetheliveon58.thirdfloorofaflatwithseveralmorestoresaboveme—nobodywants59.(trap)underthatafteranguess，ifanearthquakecame，IwouldprobablyjustpanicratherthanthinkaboutwhatIneedtodo，suchashidingsomewhereor60.(run)outofthebuilding.Ihadneverfeltanearthquakeuntillastwasasmallearthquake61.couldhardlyevenbecalledanwasnotreally62.(frighten).Tofeeltheearthmovelikethatwasjustcourse，it63.(last)onlyafewhavespokentothelocalpeoplesincetheeventand64.(luck)，therewerenoinjuriesordamage65.(do)byifithadbeenarealearthquake，IthinkIwouldhavefeltquitedifferently.答案[设空处引导宾语从句，且作介词like的宾语，故填what。][comeasnosurprise意为“来得不稀奇，发生在意料之中”。][序数词前应用定冠词限定，故填the。]betrapped[want后跟带to的不定式作宾语，因trap与nobody之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填tobetrapped。][设空处与hidingsomewhere并列作suchas的宾语，故填running。]which[设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词earthquake，且在从句中作主语，故填that/which。][设空处作表语，表示“受惊吓的”，故填frightened。][由语境可知，此处描述的是发生在上周的事情，应用一般过去时，故填lasted。][设空处作状语修饰分句therewerenoinjuries...byit，故填luckily。][设空处作后置定语修饰injuriesordamage，因do与injuriesordamage之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填done。]第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)假设你是来自美国的汤姆，你从电视新闻上得知你朋友王林所在的城市发生了地震。请你给王林写一封信，内容包括：1.询问王林及其家人是否安好；2.得知该地震的影响：6人死亡，500多人受伤，20人失踪，200多所房子坍塌；3.愿意尽最大努力提供帮助。注意：1.词数80左右(信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearWangLin，Yourssincerely，Tom【参考范文】DearWangLin，Howareyoudoing？WhenIwatchedthenewsonTV，Ilearnedthataterribleearthquakehappenedinyourwasreallyconcernedaboutyouandyourfamily.I’msosorrytohearaboutthecausedsixdeathsandleftmorethanfivehundredpersons’sworse，20personsweremissingandovertwohundredhousesfellhopethatnoneofyourfamilymemberswasinjured.Pleasedon’tbewillbeyouneedanyhelp，pleaseletmeoneofyourbestfriends，IwilldowhatIcantohelpyou.Yourssincerely，Tom第二节概要写作(满分25分)阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Howm