2023学年完整版Unit1GreatScientistsGrammarandusage设计

Unit1GreatScientistsGrammarandusage教学设计教学目标Enlargestudents’tolearnsomethingaboutTo-infinitiveandBareinfinitiveLetthemknowthefunctionsofTo-infinitiveandBareinfinitive重点TrytouseTo-infinitiveandBareinfinitive难点HowtomakethemtouseTo-infinitiveandBareinfinitivecorrectly教法及教具、教学课时Teaching、oneperiod教学过程教学内容个案调整教师主导活动学生主体活动Step1IntroductionTo-infinitive.动词不定式由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成，否定形式nottodo。是动词的一种非谓语的形式，在句中不能单独作谓语。动词不定式具有动词的性质，可以有自己的宾语和状语，也可以有时态和语态的变化。同时，它也具有非动词的性质，相当于一个名词、形容词或副词，可以在句中担任主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语.Functions:1.作主语(1)不定式短语在句中作主语。谓语动词用单数形式。.:Tosayisonethingandtodoisanother.Toknowoneselfisdifficult.但在很多情况下，为了保持句子平衡，通常用it作为形式主语，而把不定式移到谓语之后。.:Itisdifficulttoknowonself.ItisimportanttolearnEnglish.2.作表语不定式作表语说明主语的具体内容或表示目的。.:Hiswishistobecomeanengineer.Toliveistodosomethingworthwhile.3.作宾语作动词的宾语，即动词+todosth.常见的要加不定式作宾语的动词有：decide/determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wish,refuse,manage,pretend,offer,promise,choose,plan,agree,ask/beg,afford,prefer,require,enable,need,order….:Heagreedtomeetherebutsofarshehasn’tturnedupyet.HepretendednottoseemewhenIpassedby.在find,make,think,consider等动词后，如果宾语带有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语后。.:IfinditinterestingtostudyEnglish.Ithinkitimpossibletoworkouttheproblem.4、作宾语补足语，即Ｖ＋sb.(not)todosth.如动词advise,allow,ask,cause,challenge,command,consider,enable,encourage,forbid,force,inform,invite,persuade,tell,send,urge,want,warn….Eg.:IwantyoutospeaktoTom.Askhimnottomakenoise.(1)在感官动词以及使役动词（let,have,make）后作宾语补足语，不定式都不带to。变为被动语态时，原不带to的不定式要变成带to的不定式。“一感(feel)二听(hear,listento)三让(let,have,make)四观看(see,observe,watch,lookat)”.:Ioftenhearhimsingthesong.Didyouseehimgoout?Thebossmadetheemployeesworktenhoursaday.Theemployeesweremadetoworktenhoursaday.(2)在表示心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语，这时不定式通常是“tobe+形容词或副词”的结构。这类动词有：consider,think,believe,find,imagine,judge,suppose,prove等。consider,think,find后的tobe常可省略。.:Weconsiderhim(tobe)agoodthoughther(tobe)niceandhonestthefirsttimeImether.5．作定语不定式作定语通常放在其修饰的名词或代词之后，与被修饰的名词或代词之间是主谓关系、动宾关系、同位关系。.:ThenexttraintoarrivewasfromNewYork.HehasalotoflettertowriteHewasthebestmantodothejob.Womenandchildrenwerethefirsttogetintothelifeboats.Shehasachildtotakecareof.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.TheBrownshaveacomfortablehousetolivein.Hehadnomoneyandnoplacetolive(in).6.作状语不定式作状语可以表示行为的目的、结果、原因、条件等。.:Tosavethechild,helaiddownhislife.Tolookathim,youwouldlikehim.