2023学年完整版Unit1Culturalrelics同步测试4

Unit1Culturalrelics同步测试Unit1本套试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。第Ⅰ卷60分，第Ⅱ卷40分，共100分。考试时间90分钟。第Ⅰ卷(选择题共60分)Ⅰ.阅读理解(共两节；满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)ATherewasagardenerwholookedafterhisgardenwithgreatwaterhisflowers，heusedtwowasashinyandnewotherwasaveryoldanddilapidatedone，whichhadseenmanyyearsofservice，butwasnowpastitsbest.Everymorning，thegardenerwouldfillupthetwohewouldcarrythemalongthepath，oneoneachside，totheflowernewbucketwasveryproudofcouldcarryafullbucketofwaterwithoutasingledropspilled(溢出)．Theoldbucketfeltveryashamedbecauseofitsholes：beforeitreachedtheflowerbeds，muchwaterhadleakedalongthepath.Sometimesthenewbucketwouldsay，“SeehowcapableIam！Howgooditisthatthegardenerhasmetowatertheflowerseveryday！Idon'tknowwhyhestillbothersawasteofspaceyouare！”Andallthattheoldbucketcouldsaywas，“IknowI'mnotveryuseful，butIcanonlydomy'mhappythatthegardenerstillfindsalittlebitofuseinme，atleast.”Oneday，thegardenerheardthatkindofwateringtheflowersasusual，hesaid，“YoubothhavedoneyourworkveryIamgoingtocarryyouwantyoutolookcarefullyalongthepath.”Thenthetwobucketsdidalongthepath，theynoticed，onthesidewherethenewbucketwascarried，therewasjustbare(光秃秃的)earth；ontheothersidewheretheoldbucketwascarried，therewasajoyousrowofwildflowers，leadingallthewaytothegarden.1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dilapidated”probablymean?A.Dirty.B.Dark.C．Wornout.D．Plain­looking.2．Whatwastheoldbucketashamedof?A.Hispast.B．Hisaging.C.Hismanner.D．Hisleaking.3．Thenewbucketmadeconversationswiththeoldonemainlyto________.A.laughattheoldoneB.takepityontheoldoneC.showoffitsbeautifullooksD.praisethegardener'skindness4．Whywastheoldbucketstillkeptbythegardener?A.Becauseitwasusedtokeepbalance.B.Becauseitstayedinitsbestcondition.C.Becauseitwastakenasatreasure.D.Becauseithaditsownfunction.BAuniversitygraduatedescribedasa“respectableandintelligent”womanisseekingprofessionalhelpafterbeingconvictedof(证明有……罪)shopliftingforthesecondtimeinsixmonths.AnaLuz,recentlystudyingforherPhD,hasbeentoldshecouldendupbehindbarsunlessshecancontrolthedesiretostealfromshops.Luz，wholiveswithherpartnerinFitzwilliamRoad，Cambridge，admittedstealingclothesworth￡fromJohnLewisinOxfordStreet，London，onMarch9.PhillipLemoyne，prosecuting(起诉)，saidLuzselectedsomeclothesfromadisplayandtookthemtotheladies'toiletintheshecameoutagainshewaswearingoneoftheskirtsshehadselected，havingtakenofftheanti­theftsecurityalarms(防盗警报装置)．Shewasstoppedandcaughtafterleavingthestorewithoutpaying,MrLemoynesaid.Headdedthatshewasupsetonherarrestandapologizedforheractions.Luz，28,wassaidtohavebeenconvictedofshopliftingbyCambridgejudgeslastOctober，butMoragDuff,defending，saidshehadneverbeenintroublewiththepolicebeforethat.“Sheisashamedandembarrassedbutdoesn'treallyhaveanyexplanationwhyshedidthis，”MissDuffsaid.“Shedidn'tintendtostealwhenshewentintothe.Sheisotherwiseaveryrespectableandintelligentyoungwenttoherdoctorandaskedforadvicebecauseshewantstoknowifthereisanythinginparticularthatcausedhertodothis.”JudgeDavidAzanfinedLuz￡50andwarned,“You'vegotacriminalyoucarryonlikethis，youwillendupinprison，whichwillruinyourbrightfutureyoumayhave.”LuzachievedadegreeindesignatuniversityinhernativeSpain，wentontoafamousuniversityinBerlin,Germanyforhermaster'sdegreeandisnowstudyingforaPhDatCambridgeUniversity，UK.5．WhatisAnaLuz'snationality?A．American.B．British.C．Spanish.D．German.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“Sheisatalosstoexplainit.”mean?A．Inheropinionitwasalosstotheclothesshopswhereshestolethings.B．Shedoesn'thaveanyideawhyshehasthedesiretostealfromshops.C．Shethinksitisalossforhertoexplainwhyshestolethingsfromshops.D．Personallyshefeelsashamedandembarrassedforhershopliftingactions.7．Whichofthefollowingbestexplainsthemeaningoftheword“shoplifting”usedinthepassage?A．Carryinggoodsinaliftforashop.B．Takinggoodstotheladies'toilet.C．Selectingsomegoodsfromadisplay.D．Takinggoodsfromashopwithoutpaying.8．Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat________.A．AnaLuzisalreadygotherPhDatCambridgeUniversity，UKB．AnaLuzisashamedandembarrassedandknowswhysheoftendidsoC．theuniversitygraduatewillbeputinprisonifshestealsinshopsoncemoreD．PhillipLemoyneisthe“respectableandintelligent”woman'sdefenselawyerCManyyearsago,whenIwasfreshoutofschoolandworkinginDenver,Iwasdrivingtomyparents'homeinMissouriforChristmas.Istoppedatagasstationabout50milesfromOklahomaCity,whereIwasplanningtostopandvisitafriend.WhileIwasstandinginlineatthecashregisterIsaidhellotoanelderlycouplewhowerealsopayingforgas.Itook_off,_buthadgoneonlyafewmileswhenblacksmokepouredfromthebackofmycar.IstoppedandwonderedwhatIshoulddo.Acarpulledupbehindme.ItwasthecoupleIhadspokentoatthegasstation.Theysaidtheywouldtakemetomyfriend's.Wechattedonthewayintothecity,andwhenIgotoutofthecar,thehusbandgavemehisbusinesscard.Iwrotehimandhiswifeathank­younoteforhelpingme.Soonafterward,IreceivedaChristmaspresentfromthem.Theirnotethatcamewithitsaidthathelpingmehadmadetheirholidaymeaningful.Yearslater,Idrovetoameetinginanearbytowninthemorning.InlateafternoonIreturnedtomycarandfoundthatI'dleftthelightsonallday,andthebatterywasdead.ThenInoticedthattheFriendlyForddealership—ashopsellingcars—wasrightnextdoor.Iwalkedoverandfoundtwosalesmenintheshowroom.“JusthowfriendlyisFriendlyFord？”Iaskedandexplainedmytrouble.Theyquicklydroveapickuptrucktomycarandstartedit.Theywouldacceptnopayment,sowhenIgothome,Iwrotethemanotetosaythanks.Ireceivedaletterbackfromoneofthesalesmen.Noonehadevertakenthetimetowritehimandsaythankyou,anditmeantalot,hesaid.“Thankyou”—twopowerfulwords.They'reeasytosayandmeansomuch.9．TheauthorplannedtostopatOklahomaCity________.A．topayatthecashregisterB．toseehisparentsC．tovisitafriendD．tomakeaplanwithhisfriend10．Thewords“tookoff”underlinedinParagraph2means“________”.A．putupB．turnedoffC．movedoffD．setup11．Whathappenedwhentheauthorfoundsmokecomingoutofhiscar?A．Thecoupleofferedtohelphim.B．Thecouplesenthimabusinesscard.C．Hehaditpulledbacktothegasstation.D．Hecalledhisfriendforhelp.12．Howdoestheauthorexplaintheimportanceofexpressingthanksinthepassage?A．Bytellinghisownexperiences.B．Bydoinganexperiment.C．Byexplainingcauseandeffect.D．Byusingquotations(引语)．DAlmosteverymachinewithmovingpartshaswheels,yetnooneknowsexactlywhenthefirstwheelwasinventedorwhatitwasusedfor.Wedoknow,however,thattheyexistedover5，500yearsagoinancientAsia.Theoldestknowntransportwheelwasdiscoveredin2002inSlovenia.Itisover5，100yearsold.Evidencesuggeststhatwheelsfortransportdidn'tbecomepopularforawhile,though.Itwasprobablyduetothatanimalsdidaperfectlygoodjobofcarryingfarmingtoolsandhumansaround.Butitcouldalsoduetobeadifficultsituation.Whilewheelsneedtorollonsmoothsurfaces,roadswithsmoothsurfacesweren'tgoingtobeconstructeduntiltherewasplentyofdemandforthem.Eventually,roadsurfacesdidbecomesmoother,butthisdifficultsituationappearedagainafewcenturieslater.Therehadbeennoimportantchangesinwheelandvehicledesignbeforethearrivalofmodernroaddesign.Inthemid­1700s,aFrenchmancameupwithanewdesignofroad—abaselayer(层)oflargestonescoveredwithathinlayerofsmallerstones.AScotsmanimprovedonthisdesigninthe1820sandastrong,lastingroadsurfacebecameareality.Ataroundthesametime,metalhubs(thecentralpartofwheel)cameintobeing,followedbythewheelsthatwereinventedin1967,sixtyyearsaftertheappearanceoftarmackedroads(柏油路).Aswheeldesigntookoff,vehiclesgotfasterandfaster.13．Whatmightexplainwhytransportwheelsdidn'tbecomepopularforsometime?A.Fewknewhowtousetransportwheels.B.Humanscarriedfarmingtoolsjustaswell.C.Animalswereagoodmeansoftransport.D.Theexistenceoftransportwheelswasnotknown.14．Whatdoweknowaboutroaddesignfromthepassage?A.Itwaseasierthanwheeldesign.B.Itimprovedafterbigchangesinvehicledesign.C.Itwaspromotedbyfast­movingvehicles.D．Itprovidedconditionsforwheeldesigntodevelop.15．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thebeginningofroaddesign.B.Thedevelopmentoftransportwheels.C.Thehistoryofpublictransport.D.Theinventionoffast­movingvehicles.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AncientRomewasoneoftheworld'smostpowerfulcountriesmorethan2，000yearsago.TheRomans'ideasaboutroads,laws,governmentandbuildingsstillinfluenceustoday.Italyisshapedlikeaboot.TheColosseuminRomewasbuiltduringthetimeoftheRomanEmpire,inthefirstcenturyAD__16__Itisapopulartouristattractiontoday.Italyiswellknownforitsdesigners,whocreatecars,handbags,clothes,shoesandotheritemsthatareindemandfortheirstyleandfineworkmanship.Today,theeconomyofItalyisstrongerthaninthepast.__17__Today,manufacturingandtourismarethemainsourcesofincome.Therearesomebigcompanies,butItalyhasmanysmallercompanies,too.__18__Thesouthernpartdoesnotofferasmanymanufacturingjobs,soitisnotasprosperous.ItalyisamemberoftheEuropeanUnion,agroupofcountriesthatjointogetherforbettertrade.Thecurrency,ormoney,iscalledthe“euro”.FoodandeatinggoodmealsareimportanttoItalians.__19__Popularfoodsincludepasta,risotto,minestroneandisalsopopularthere.Manyfamiliesstilleattheirmainmealinthemiddleoftheday.__20__Familiesspendalotoftimetogether.A．ThefamilyisveryimportanttotheItalianwayoflife.B．Thecountryusedtodependonagriculture.C．Mountainscoveraboutthree­fourthsofthecountry.D．Itcouldseatabout50，000people,whowenttoseefightsbetweenanimalsandpeople.E．Whiletherearesomesupermarkets,manypeopleshopatsmall,neighbourhoodmarkets.F．Italyhasseveralislandsoffthecoast.G．Thenorthernpartofthecountryisthemainmanufacturingcentre.Ⅱ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)Oneday,Iwaswaitingatthetrafficlightswhenmycarwashitfrombehind.Afterpullingover,amanadmittedhis__21__，apologizedandexplainedwhyhehadnotbeen“inthemoment”while__22__.Hetoldmethathisinsurancehadjustrunout.Icouldfeelhis__23__，andashegavemehisdetailsand__24__tofindawaytopayforit,Itriedto__25__himandtoldhimnottoworrytoomuch.WhenIgottowork,myworkcolleaguesadvisedmetogetaquote__26__andwereshockedthatIhadn't__27__hisregistrationdetails(车籍资料).The__28__thinghappenedwhenItoldmysisterwhathad__29__andshetoldmenottolethimgetawaywithit.Shewas__30__thatIcouldnotaffordtherepaircost.Witheveryone__31__metochaseupcompensation(赔偿金),Iwasunsureof__32__todo.Then,Idecidedtopurchaseasmallsecond­handcar.4weekspassedandChristmaswasaroundthecorner.Istartedtothinkabouthow__33__thismanmightbefeeling,waitingformeto“sting”him,soIfinallymademy__34__andsenthimthisletter：HiJoe，Afewweeksagoyouhitthe__35__ofmycar.I'vemanagedtopickupanotherone,soI'vebeenableto__36__.IwanttoletyouknowI'mnotgoingto__37__anypaymentfromyou.Ifinfutureyoucouldhelpsomeone,thatwouldbe__38__.WishyouawonderfulChristmas.Thismanwassograteful,andIfeltthatfinallya__39__hadbeenshiftedfrommyshoulders.IfIhad__40__myownheartearlier,webothcouldhavesparedsomeunnecessarystress!21．A.crimeB.failureC.faultD.right22．A.walkingB.drivingC.dancingD.turning23．A.stressB.fearC.patienceD.confusion24．A.demandedB.rememberedC.startedD.promised25．A.supportB.informC.comfortD.inspire26．A.bravelyB.quicklyC.accidentallyD.frequently27．A.collectedB.analysedC.preparedD.imagined28．A.realB.nextC.sameD.only29．A.pausedB.gatheredC.appearedD.happened30．A.worriedB.pleasedC.surprisedD.satisfied31．A.allowingB.persuadingC.orderingD.begging32．A.whyB.howC.whatD.which33．A.happyB.freeC.lonelyD.nervous34．A.decisionB.attemptC.appointmentD.way35．A.sideB.backC.topD.bottom36．A.getupB.setoffC.getaroundD.lookaround37．A.avoidB.refuseC.earnD.seek38．A.popularB.greatC.convenientD.safe39．A.weightB.successC.helpD.mark40．A.realizedB.measuredC.learnedD.trusted第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共40分)Ⅲ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。ChineseproverbsarerichandtheyarestillwidelyusedinChinesepeople'sdailylife.41．________theseproverbsthereareofteninterestingstories.Forexample,theproverb,“pluckingupacrop(help)itgrow”，isbasedonthefollowingstory.It(say)thatashort­temperedmanintheSongDynasty(960—1279)wasveryanxioustohelphisricecropgrowup(quick).Hewasthinkingaboutitdayandnight.Butthecropwasgrowingmuchslowerthanheexpected.Oneday,hecameupwithanhewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.Hedidsothenextday.Hewasverytired(do)thisforawholeday,feltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow”(high)．Hissonheardaboutthisandwenttoseethecrop.Unfortunatelytheleavesofthecropbegantowither.Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir(nature)course.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelop(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.Ⅳ.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)，不计分。NewYork,London,Parisandotherbigcitiesareniceandexcitedplacestolivein.Therearemanyinterestingthingswhichyoucando.Youcangotovariouskindsofmuseumsandplaceofinterest.Youcanalsogotothetheatreanddosomeshopping.Buttherearelotsofproblems,too.Therearetoomanypeopleandcostoflivingislow.Everyyearpeoplemovedtobigcitiestofindjobsandstudyatgoodcolleges.Butsometimestheirwisheswon'tbecometrue.Also,toomanypeoplemakethathardtokeepcitiessafeandclean.Sothinkabouttheproblemsafteryoumovetobigcities.Ⅴ.书面表达(满分20分)上个星期你们班同学就“现代社会是否需要孔子精神”进行了一次讨论。讨论结果如下表所示。请根据表中内容写一篇100词左右的英语短文。参考词汇：孔子思想Confucianthought正方60%的同学认为，世界各国对孔子的研究愈来愈热，反映了人们对其思想的重视；孔子思想推动了世界和平的发展。反方40%的同学认为孔子思想诞生于几千年前，早已过时。孔子思想在某种意义上限制了社会的发展。你的观点……________________________________________________________________________参考答案综合能力测评(一)Ⅰ.第一节A【文章大意】本文是一则寓言故事。有一位园丁用一只新水桶和一只旧水桶给自己的花园浇水，新水桶非常傲慢，瞧不起旧水桶。园丁用事实向它们表明了任何事物都有自己的用途，存在的即是有用的。1.C词义猜测题。由第一段的“…whichhadseenmanyyearsofservice,butwasnowpastitsbest.”可知，这只旧水桶已被使用多年，超过了最佳使用期，即“破旧的，破烂的”，由第二段最后一句也可得到印证。故选C。2.D细节理解题。第二段最后一句提到，这只旧水桶感到羞愧是因为自身有漏洞，一路上都在漏水。3.A推理判断题。由第三段的“…‘SeehowcapableIam！…Whatawasteofspaceyouare！’”可推知A项正确。4.D推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“…‘Youbothhavedoneyourworkverywell.’…”以及最后一段中的“…wheretheoldbucketwascarried,therewasajoyousrowofwildflowers…”推知，这只旧桶也在发挥着它自己的作用。A、C两项无依据，B项与文意不符。B【文章大意】文章主要讲了一个西班牙籍的大学生涉嫌在超市偷东西这样一件事。如果再有一次这样的行为，她就会被送进监狱。5．C细节理解题。根据最后一段“LuzachievedadegreeindesignatuniversityinhernativeSpain，wentontoafamousuniversityinBerlin,Germanyforhermaster'sdegreeandisnowstudyingforaPhDatCambridgeUniversity，UK.”可知选C项。6．B推理判断题。根据文章第八段的“…‘butdoesn'treallyhaveanyexplanationwhyshedidthis，’…”可推断出她不知道怎么解释她的偷盗行为。故选B项。7．D推理判断题。根据文章的五段的“Shewasstoppedandcaughtafterleavingthestorewithoutpaying…”可知她拿了东西没付钱。故选D项。8．C推理判断题。根据文章的倒数第二段的“JudgeDavidAzanfinedLuz￡50,andwarned,‘You'vegotacriminalrecord.Ifyoucarryonlikethis,youwillendupinprison,whichwillruinyourbrightfutureyoumayhave.’”可知，再有一次这样的行为，Luz就会被送进监狱。故选C项。C【文章大意】作者曾经两次因为车的原因接受过别人的帮助。一次是在加油站附近，由于车抛锚受一对夫妇帮助带他去他朋友那，一次是店员无报酬帮他修车。他对他们表达了感谢，虽然只是简单的谢谢，但是却包含了很多感情。9．C细节理解题。根据文中第一段的“Istoppedatagasstationabout50milesfromOklahomaCity，whereIwasplanningtostopandvisitafriend.”可知，“我”停在离Oklahoma大约50英里的汽油站，计划拜访一个朋友。故选C项。10．C词义猜测题。结合这句话“Itookoff，buthadgoneonlyafewmileswhenblacksmokepouredfromthebackofmycar.”可知，车开了仅仅几英里，从车的后面就冒出了黑烟。所以tookoff指“启动车离开”。故选C项。11．A细节理解题。根据第二段的“Theysaidtheywouldtakemetomyfriend's.”和第三段两次提到helpingme可知，那对夫妇给作者提供了帮助。故选A项。12．A细节理解题。作者通过两次受帮助的经历表达了自己的观点：虽然说“谢谢”很简单，但是却十分重要。故选A项。D【文章大意】本文是一篇史地人文类的说明文，介绍了我们现在生活中常见的车轮的历史发展过程。13．C细节理解题。根据第二段的“Itwasprobablyduetothatanimalsdidaperfectlygoodjobof…”可知答案。14．D细节理解题。依据文章第三段最后一句“Therehadbeennoimportantchangesinwheelandvehicledesignbeforethearrivalofmodernroaddesign.”以及文章第四段的叙述可知，轮子之所以没有流行开来的另一个可能的原因之一就是道路的设计不适合轮子运行，故选D。15．B主旨大意题。本文叙述的是用于交通的轮子的发展过程，而非公共交通的发展史，所以C选项错误，故选B。第二节16～20DBGEAⅡ.【文章大意】一位生活拮据的人撞了“我”的车，“我”最终没有向他索赔，并希望他也能善待别人。21．C由上句“Iwaswaitingatthetrafficlightswhenmycarwashitfrombehind.”以及空后的apologized可知，他撞了“我”的车，他承认是他的过错。22．B从上文的“Afterpullingover…”可知，那人在向“我”解释开车时思想不集中的原因。23．A联系前文的“Hetoldmethathisinsurancehadjustrunout.”可知，他的车险已经过期了，所以要赔偿“我”的损失会给他带来很大的经济压力。24．D联系空后的“…tofindawaytopayforit.”可知，他留下了他的个人信息并答应想办法赔偿“我”的损失。25．C联系空后的“…toldhimnottoworrytoomuch.”可知道，“我”尽力去安慰他，让他别太担心。26．B联系前后文我们可以知道，在出了事故后，为了减少“我”的损失，“我”的同事建议“我”尽快列一个损失清单。27．A联系空前的shocked以及空后的hisregistrationdetails可知，当听说“我”并没有收集到那个人的车籍资料时，他们很吃惊。28．C当“我”跟姐姐提到所发生的这件事时，她也有同样的反应。29．D联系空后的“…andshetoldmenottolethimgetawaywithit.”可知，“我”把这一切都告诉了“我”姐姐。30．A联系空后的“…Icouldnotaffordtherepaircost.”可知，她担心“我”负担不起修车的费用。31．B