2023学年完整版Unit3AHealthyLife同步练习5

Unit3AHealthyLife同步练习一、基础词汇：香烟n.一包烟烟草n.烟草公司酒，酒精n.→酒精的，含酒精的adj.工作狂n.滥用；虐待n./vt.酗酒嗜毒abuseone’spower/trust/confidence健康n.健身中心__________adj./v.fit保持健康性，性别n.→adj.性健康homosexual压力，重音；强调n./vt.→adj./lay/imeofstressbestressedgivestresstothesecondsyllablestresstheimportanceofImuststressthat….禁止；禁令n./vt.abanonplasticbagsbansb.fromdoingsth.欠款的；到期的；合适的adj.beduetodosthbedueforsth.由于（短语）dueto=owingto粗糙的，粗暴的adj.atoughgame/assignment/problem/journeytoughmeasures入了迷的，上瘾的adj.对(做)某事上瘾使习惯于vt. accustomoneselftosth/doingsthbe/get/becomeaccustomedtosth/doingsth撤回；退出；提款vt./vi.→n.撤军withdrawfrom…心情/心境/脾气n.脾气不好发脾气one’stemper忍住怒火one’stemper脾气不好的性情温和的自动的adj.anautomaticwashingmachine/rifledosth.automatically精神的，智力的adj.心理健康adv.Hewasmentallydisturbed.停止，离开vi./vt.Ifyoudon’tgivemeapayrise,I’llquit/quitthisjob.效果；影响n.haveaneffectonput/bringsthintoeffectcomeintoeffecttakeeffectineffect呼吸n.takeabreathholdone’sbreathoutofbreath=breathless强壮的adj.→强烈地adv.→力量，力气n.→加强，巩固vt.放松vt.relaxoneselfadj./放松n.失望n.令某人失望的是indisappointment虚弱的，软弱的adj.n.vi./vt.weakenone’sfaithin惭愧的，害羞的，羞耻的adj.beashamedtodosth./ofdoingsth.可耻的不道德的adj.羞耻，惭愧；耻辱；令人遗憾的事n.尽管inspiteof=despite=regardlessofinspiteofthefactthat=though冒险；风险vt./n.riskdoingsth.riskone’slifetodosth.run/face/attheriskofdoingsth.atrisk合法的，法律的adj.adv.违法的adj.adv.生存，幸免于难vi./vt.n.在地震中幸存v.→n.arrive— withdraw— —refusal_______—proposal —disposal remove—注射vt.injectone’sleg/armn.偏见n.aprejudicemodernmusicracialprejudice使窘迫，使尴尬vt.→adj./n.局促不安的，笨拙的adj.feelawkwardbeawkwardwith二、精讲词汇abusen./vt.滥用，妄用；虐待alcohol/drugabusechildabuseHewasaccusedofcorruptionandabuseofpower.他被指控Shesufferedyearsofphysicalabuse.她遭受了多年的toabusealcohol/drugsHefeltthattheyabusedhistrustbytalkingabouthimtothepress.他感到他们向报界透露有关他的情况是Allthechildrenherewerephysicallyandemotionallyabused.所有这些儿童(Answer:酗酒/嗜毒;虐待儿童;贪污和滥用职权;肉体摧残。酗酒/嗜毒;辜负了他的信任;的身心都受到了摧残。)stressn.（精神或物理）压力，强调，重音lay/put/placestressonsth.强调，着重于vt.强调Thingscaneasilygowrongwhenpeopleareunderstress.Weworkedonpronunciations,stressandintonation.ImuststressthateverythingItoldyouisstrictlyconfidential.Ithinkthecompanyhasplacestoomuchstressoncostandnotonquality.Whenyouhaveaninjuryyoustartputtingstressonotherpartsofthebody.【拓展】intimesofstress在紧张的时候 stressfuladj.压力重的，紧张的stressedadj.焦虑不安的，心力交萃的(Answer:精神压力;重音;强调（v.）;强调（n.）;（物理）压力)Doyouthinksmokingshouldbebanned?banvt.(banned,banned)禁止，取缔toforbidsth.officially;toforbidsb.todosth.officiallybansth.Westartedacampaigntobanchemicalweapons.bansb.from(doing)sth.Hewasbannedfromdrivingforsixmonths.bann.禁令Thereistobeatotalbanonplayingcomputergamesintheofficeduringworkhours.【区别】ban/forbidban(banned,banned)来自法律或者社会舆论、道德的压力，尤指官方命令，常含“严厉谴责”之意。bansth.bansb.from(doing)sth.forbid(forbad,forbidden)常用词，指权威者（可以是个人，如家长、主人、雇主、医生，可以是国家或政府机关）的禁止或不允许forbidsb.todosth.forbiddoing 【练习】Wearefromdrinkingalcoholduringworkinghours.Thedoctorhimtosmoke.(Answer:banned;forbad)IthinkmylongandactivelifemustbeduetothehealthylifeIlive.dueadj.欠款的，预定的，到期的（不置于名词前）；合适的（只位于名词前）Theband’sfirstalbumisdueforreleaselaterthismonth.Thenexttrainisdueinfiveminutes.PaymentisdueonOctober22,2010.Afterdueconsideration,wedecidedtoappointMr.Smithtothejob.(Answer:预定的;预定的;到期的;合适的)dueto由于，因为（不能置于句首，在句中做定语、表语或状语）Thedelaywasduetoheavytraffic.Latershewasreleasedduetopoorhealth.Mistakesduetocarelessnessmayhaveseriousconsequences.由于疏忽大意造成的错误可能带来严重的后果。【相关搭配】beduetodo预期做某事，预定要做某事beduetosth./sb./doingsth.归因于……，欠某人……bedueforsth.应有，应得到eq\o\ac(

,1)这个队的成功在很大程度上是她努力的结果。eq\o\ac(

,2)Rose一月份就要开始上学了。inJanuary.eq\o\ac(

,3)她很快该晋升了。promotionsoon.(Answer:①Theteam’ssuccesswaslargelyduetoherefforts.②Roseisduetostartschool.③Sheisdueforpromotionsoon)Yousee,duringadolescenceIalsosmokedandbecameaddictedtocigarette.beaddictedto(doing)sth.对（做）某事入迷/上瘾Hefootball.Ifthisisthecase,peopleshoppingshouldgotoasupportgrouptohelpthembreakthishabit.【拓展】addictn.瘾君子，对……成瘾的人aworkaddict/workaholic工作狂addictionn.瘾，入迷，嗜好Heisnowfightinghisaddictiontoalcohol.addictiveadj.使人上瘾的，使人入迷的Ifindjoggingaddictive.(Answer:wasaddictedto;addictedto)Thismeansthatafterawhileyourbodybecomesaccustomedtohavingnicotineinit.Hefounditdifficulttoaccustomhimselftogettingupearly.beaccustomedto(doing)sth.习惯于（做）某事Ihumblefare.我习惯了粗茶淡饭。Myeyesslowlygrewthedark.我的眼睛慢慢适应了黑暗。Shewasapersonhavingeighthours’sleepatnight.她是那种习惯每晚睡八个小时的人。accustomoneself/sb.tosth.使某人习惯于……适应新工作accustomedadj.惯常的，习惯了的Hesatbythefire.他在炉火边惯常坐的座位上坐了下来。(Answer:amaccustomedto;accustomedto;accustomedtoaccustomoneselftoanewjob;inhisaccustomedseat)Sowhenthedrugleavesyourbody,yougetwithdrawalsymptoms.withdrawaln.撤走，收回；退出；取钱，提款；脱瘾过程，戒毒过程withdrawvt.撤回，撤离；退出；提款，取钱；WhenIwasyoung,Ididn’tknowmuchabouttheharmfuleffectsofsmoking.effectn.[C]/[U]结果，效力，作用，影响However,theyhavesideeffects,whichwilldamageyourhealth.Manyteachersworriedabout.许多教师担心电视对年轻人的影响。haveaneffecton/upon对……产生影响，对……起作用Earlypeople.早期人类对环境没有多少影响。ThisexperiencehadaprofoundeffectonTom.bring/oeffect使生效，实行，实施comeintoeffect生效，开始实施AnewsystemoftaxationwillnextMay.新的税收体系将会在明年五月生效。ineffect实际上，事实上；在实施中，有效____________________________________这些法律在20个州有效。Hiswifehad,,runthegovernmentforthepastsixmonths.事实上，在过去的六个月中他妻子在执政。【辨析】effect/influence/affect/effort词词性及词义例句effectn.影响，效果1Thedrughasanimmediateeffectonthepain.2Thegovernment’sactionhadnoeffectonthetradeimbalance.influencen./vt.影响1Theinfluenceoftelevisiononmodernlife.2Myteacherinfluencedmydecisiontostudyscience.affectv.影响Theslightchangeoftheweathercanaffectherhealth.effortn.努力，气力Youshouldputmoreeffortintoyourwork.(Answer:然而它们有副作用，对你的健康有害。theeffectsoftelevisiononyoungpeople.hadverylittleeffectontheenvironment.这次经历对Tom产生了巨大的影响。come/bebrought/beputintoeffectTheselawsareineffectintwentystates.ineffect)Decideonadaytoquit.decideon决定，选定(tochoosesomethingfromanumberofpossibilities)We’restilltryingtodecideonavenue.We’vedecidedonParisforournextholiday.Ifyoufeeldesperate,youmightliketotalkaboutyourproblems,orjoinastop-smokinggroup.desperateadj.绝望的，危急的Iwassodesperateonhearingthat.Oliver,whowasdesperatewithhungerandmisery,rosefromthetableandwalkedtowardsthemasterwithhisbowlandspooninhishand.不顾一切的，拼死的，铤而走险的，孤注一掷的Hisfailuremadehimdesperate.极度渴望的“I’mdesperatetohaveachildofmyown.”Shesaid.Themanlostinthedesertwasdesperateforwater.Iwasdesperatetoseeher.【拓展】desperatelyadv. desperationn.绝望，拼命 indesperation绝望地Ifyouweakenandhaveacigarette,donotfeelashamed.ashamedadj.（表语形容词，可接不定式或从句）惭愧的，害羞的，羞耻的Yououghttobeashamedofyourself/ofyourbehavior/ofhavingliedtoyourfriend.IfeelashamedthatIhavebeensolucky.Thefootballriots(骚乱)mademeashamedtobeEnglish.足球骚乱事件I’mashamedtosaythatIliedtoher.(Answer:真有点不好意思，我太幸运了。使我身为英国人汗颜得无地自容。我真不好意思说我对她撒了谎。)【拓展】shamen.[U]羞耻，惭愧；耻辱；[C]令人遗憾的事Hisfaceburnedwithshame.Haveyounoshame?Whatashametheycouldn’tcome.Thereisnoshameinwantingtobesuccessful.Shameonyou!（用于责备）真丢人！真不害臊！shamefuladj.可耻的，不道德的，丢脸的可耻的秘密/思想(Answer:他的脸因羞愧而发烫;你就不知道羞耻吗;他们不能来真是遗憾;有抱负不是什么丢脸的事;ashamefulsecret/thought)Inspiteofallhiseffortshefailed.引导让步状语表示“尽管……”含义：连词：although/though/as/whileAlthough/Thoughshewastired,shestayeduptowatchthelatenightfilmontelevision.Tryas/thoughIwould,Icouldn’tpersuadehimtochangehismind.(as引导常倒装)WhileIamwillingtohelp,Idon’thavemuchtimeavailable.(while表此含义置于句首)介词：despite/inspiteofHervoicewasshakingdespiteallhereffortstocontrolit.Despiteapplyingforhundredsofjobs,heisstilloutofwork.Shewasgoodatphysicsdespitethefactthatshefounditboring.Inspiteofhisage,hestillleadsanactivelife.EnglishbecametheofficiallanguageforbusinessinspiteofthefactthatthepopulationwaslargelyChinese.Hefelthehadtomakeuphismindoneverystepinsteadoftakingrisks.riskn.危险，风险takerisks/takearisk冒险 That’sariskI’mwillingtotake.Youhavenorighttotakeriskswithotherpeople’slives.atrisk有危险，冒风险Aswithalldiseases,certaingroupswillbemoreatriskthanothers.Ifwegotowar,innocentliveswillbeputatrisk.atallrisks无论冒什么风险worththerisk值得冒险Wecouldprobablytrustherwiththeinformationbutit’sjustnotworththerisk.riskv.使……冒风险，冒……风险_____________________________________他冒着生命危险去救那个孩子。______________________________________他们知道他们冒着被逮捕的危险。(Answer:我愿意冒险。你没有权利拿别人的生命去冒险。所有的疾病都是如此，一些人比另一些人更容易受到威胁。如果我们发动战争，无辜的生命就会受到威胁。我们也许可以将消息托付给她，但是实在不值得去担这样的风险。H