2022年山东省临沂市高考英语三模试卷（附答案详解）

2022年山东省临沂市高考英语三模试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）

A

Speedreadingsoftwarecanbeusefulnotonlyforprofessionalswhoarerequiredtobeefficient

readersintheirlineofwork,butalsoforstudentswhoneedadvancedreadingskillsinorderto

excelintheirtestsandschoolwork.Belowwewilllistseveralofthebestspeedreading

software.

EyeQ

EyeQisasoftwarecreatedbyInfiniteMind.AneatthingaboutEyeQ,besideshavingaclever

name,isthattheyhavetrainingcoursesthatarespecificallydesignedfordifferentcategories.In

ordertoaccessthecoursesfromEyeQ,userswillhavetopay$89asamonthlyfee.

TheReader'sEdge

TheReader'sEdgenotonlyfocusonhelpingindividualsreadfasterandmoreefficiently,but

theyalsohelpuserscomprehendmoreandgetthemostoutofareadingexperience.Thereare

twoversionsoftheReader'sEdge；basicandadvanced.Theadvancedversioncosting$80has

farmorefeaturesthanthebasiconewhichcostsyoualmosthalfasmuch.

Spreeder

SpreederisavailableonbothIOSandAndroid.Startingoffataratherlowspeed,theappflashes

wordsonebyone.Gradually,astheuserbecomesmorecomfortable,thespeed

increases.Slowly,theuseristrainedtospeedreadwithouthavingtoskipanywords.Thisapp

recordsthereader'sreadingimprovements,recordingtheoverallreadingtimeandspeed,which

isuniquetoSpreeder.YoucandownloadandbuySpreederforaround$90.

IrisSpeedReading

IrisSpeedReadingfocusesprimarilyonteachingspeedreadingbyusingvideocourses.While

allofthefollowingprogramscanbeusedbyindividualsfiveyearsandolder,thissoftwareis

designedmoreforprofessionals,collegestudents,andadvancedreaders.IrisSpeedReading

softwareisuniqueastheyonlyprovidecourses.Theyhavethreedifferentcourses,eachcosting

$55.Youcanalsochoosetopurchaseallthreecoursesfor$149.

1.Whichofthefollowingprovidestwoversions?

A.EyeQ.B.TheReader'sEdge.

C.Spreeder.D.IrisSpeedReading.

2.WhatisspecialaboutSpreeder?

A.Costinguserstheleastmoney.

B.Offeringuserstestingprograms.

C.Tracingusers*readingprogress.

D.Satisfyingusersofdifferentages.

3.HowmuchcanbesavedifyoubuyallthreecoursesofIrisSpeedReadingatatime?

A.$16.B.s55.C.$94.D.$149.

B

Inhighschool,shewasbullied.Aftercollege,itwasdifficulttofindajob.Butthroughallthe

difficulttimes,ColletteDivitto,hashadonethingthatmakesherhappy：baking.Divitto,whohas

Downsyndrome（唐氏综合征）,decidedtochannelherpassionintoacareer,openingherown

cookiecompany.

HSoactually,!alwayslovedbaking,sinceIwas4yearsold.Fromhighschool,!hadbeentaking

bakingclasses,"saidDivitto,31.HItwasahardtimeforme.Ihadnofriends.Ididn'thavea

sociallife.Igotbullied.Igotpickedon.Andthat'swhyIhadbeentakingbakingclasses.0

Afterhighschool,DivittowenttoClemsonUniversityinSouthCarolina,butaftergraduating,it

wasdifficultforhertofindjobs.So,sheturnedtohermom,whohelpedhercreateherownjob：

CEOofCollettey'sCookies.

"ThereYelotsofamazingthingshappening,"Divittosaidoftheopportunitiescomingher

way.Shesaysherfavoritepartaboutrunningherbusinessishiringpeoplewith

disabilities.Collettey'sCookieshelpspeoplewithdisabilitiespreparefortheircareers,by

offeringworkshopsandguidance.

In2020,just17.9%ofpeoplewithadisabilitywereemployed.ButDivittobelievesmanywant

towork,federallawdoesnotrequireemployerstopaythemminimumwage.Thatmeans

companiescanpaypeoplewithdisabilitieswhatevertheythinkthey'reworth-something

Divittoisworkingtochange.

Shehasappealedtosocietytohelpcreatemorejobsforpeoplewithdisabilities,whichshe

hopesgetstheattentionofCongress.Collettey'sCookiesnowhas15employees,andabouthalf

第2页，共22页

ofthemarepeoplewithdisabilities.Andtheyhaveastrongleadertolookupto."Nomatter

whoyouare,youcanmakeagreatdifferenceinthisworld,"Divittosaid."Don'tletpeople

bringyoudown...Donotfocusonyourdisabilities.Youonlyneedtofocusonyourabilities.0

4.WhatdroveDivittotostartherbusiness?

A.Herbeingbullied.B.Hermother'shelp.

C.HerDownsyndrome.D.Herfailuretolandajob.

5.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDivitto'sattitudetowardsthedisabled?

A.Merciful.B.Generous.C.Considerate.D.Tolerant.

6.WhatdoesDivittowanttoworktochange?

A.Thesalarythedisabledget.

B.Thefedallawaboutthedisabled.

C.Theworkingconditionsofthedisabled.

D.TherolethedisabledplaysintheCongress.

7.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Thedisabledactasleadersinhercompany.

B.Thegovernmentshowsnocareforthedisabled.

C.Disabledpeoplehavepotentialtoachievesuccess.

D.EmployeesshowrespectforDivittoinhercompany.

c

ManyAmericanssleepinaroomthat'sstoppedoccasionallywithsomeformofartificial

light-whetherit'scomingfromaTV,ajumbleofelectronicsorastreetlight.Newresearch

suggeststhatonenightofsleepwithjustamoderateamountoflightmayhavenegativeeffects

onhealth.

Dr.PhyllisZee,seniorauthorofthenewstudyanddirectoroftheCenterforCircadianand

SleepMedicineatNorthwesternUniversity,conductedanexperimentsofar,whichindicates

beingexposedtolightatnightmaybeinavarietyofwaysandcouldleadpeopletochronic

diseases.Forthestudy,alltheparticipantsspenttheirfirstnightsleepinginadarkroom.The

nextnight,halfofthemsleptinalightedroom.Meanwhile,theresearchersrantestsonthe

sleepers：theyrecordedtheirbrainwaves,measuredtheirheartratesanddrewtheirbloodevery

fewhours,amongotherthings.

Theresultsshowseveralcleardifferencesbetweenthetwogroups.Unlikethosewhospentboth

nightsinthedark,thegroupexposedtothelighthadincreasedheartratesthroughoutthenight.

Thestudy'sfindingsthatmetabolic（代谢的）healthsufferedaren'tentirelysurprising.nThis

isenoughtosuggestthatifpeoplesleepunderlight,evenalittlelight,itmayposeathreatto

theirhealth,particularlycardiovascular（心血管的）health,andincreasetheriskofdisease."

saysDr.CharlesCzeisler,chiefoftheDivisionofSleepandCircadianDisordersattheBrigham

andWomen'sHospitalinBostonandaprofessoratHarvardMedicalSchool.

Infact,thereportdidnotcontrolfortheeffectsofsleepdurationandotherpotentialfactors.It's

worthnotingthatresearchersstillhadaindistinctdefinitionofwhetherlightcanaffectinsulin

（胰岛素）changesinthebody,butitssafetosaythatevenalittlelightcanbebadforyour

health.

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"adverse"meaninparagraph2?

A.Stressful.B.Harmful.C.Different.D.Disordered.

9.HowdidDr.PhyllisZeegettheresults?

A.Bycomparingtestdata.

B.Bymonitoringlightsources.

C.Byanalyzingsleepingpatterns.

D.Byrecordingemotionalchanges.

10.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Thevalueoftheexperiment.

B.Theprospectoftheexperiment.

C.Thelimitationoftheexperiment.

D.Theapplicationoftheexperiment.

11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?

A.SleepingwiththeLightson：IsiteverOK?

B.LightTherapyImproveSleeping：Haveatry?

C.HowdoesaLighterSleeperGetMoreRest?

D.DoesBedroomLightingImproveSleepQuality?

D

Whenyouthinkaboutwaystofightpollution,youlikelydon'tthinkabout

bacteria.However,researchersledbyNorthwesternUniversityandLanzaTechhavediscovered

atypeofbacteriathatcanbreakdownwastecarbondioxidetomakevaluableindustrial

chemicals,accordingtoapressreleasebyNorthwesternpublishedMonday.Thebreakthrough

couldrevolutionizehowwedealwithcarbondioxideandclimatechange.

第4页，共22页

"Theacceleratingclimatecrisis,combinedwithrapidpopulationgrowth,posesomeofthemost

urgentchallengestohumankind,alllinkedtothecontinuousreleaseandaccumulationofCO2

acrosstheentirebiosphere,"saidNorthwestern'sMichaelJewett,co-seniorauthorofthestudy.

“Bypartneringwithbiologytomakewhatisneeded,whereandwhenitisneeded,ona

sustainableandrenewablebasis,wecanbegintotakeadvantageoftheavailableCO2to

transformtheeconomy.0

Intheirwork,theresearchersengineeredabacteriastrainthatcantransformCO2intoacetone

andIsopropanol(IPA),avoidingtraditionalmethodsthatusefossilfuelsforthecreationof

thesechemicals.Betteryet,thenewgasfermentation(发酵)processalsoremovesgreenhouse

gasesfromtheatmosphere.Theresearchersundertookalife-cycleanalysisandfoundthattheir

processcouldreducegreenhousegasemissionsby160%ascomparedtoconventional

processesifthismethodweretobebroadlyadopted.

"Thisdiscoveryisamajorstepforwardinavoidingaclimatecatastrophe,"saidJennifer

Holmgren,LanzaTechCEO."Today,mostofourindustrialchemicalsareobtainedabsolutely

fromnewfossilresourcessuchasoil,naturalgas,orcoal.AcetoneandIPAaretwoexamples

withacombinedglobalmarketof$10billion.TheacetoneandIPApathwaysdevelopedwill

acceleratethedevelopmentofothernewproductsbyclosingthecarboncyclefortheirusein

multipleindustries."

Theresearchersbelievetheirprocesswilltranslatetoindustrialscaleandcouldevenbeapplied

tocreatestreamlinedprocessesfordevelopingothervaluablechemicals.

12.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph1?

A.ThebacteriacanproduceCO2andindustrychemicals.

B.Arevolutionarywaywasfoundtodealwithclimatecrisis.

C.Theresearchersfocusprimarilyonhowtodealwithbacteria.

D.Thediscoverychangedpeople'sattitudetowardsclimatechange.

13.WhatdoesMichaelJewettsayaboutthestudy?

A.Challengestohumankindcauseclimatecrisis.

B.WecanmakewhatweneedatwillusingCO2.

C.CO2canplayapositiveroleintransformingeconomy.

D.ThewayofreieasingCO2ischangedbypartneringwithbiology.

14.What'sanadvantageofthenewmethodcomparedtotraditionalones?

A.Itwillhaveapotentialmarketof$10billion.

B.Itwillacceleratethedevelopmentofothernewproducts.

C.Itwilldevelopothervaluablechemicalsonlargescales.

D.Itwillreducegreenhousegasemissionswithoutusingfossilfuels.

15.Wherecanthetextbefound?

A.Inabiologytextbook.B.InaLabguidebook.

C.Inanacademicalpaper.D.Inasciencenewspaper.

二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题，共12.5分)

AyounggirlnamedEmilyAshetraveledtoBajaCaliforniawithherfamily,snorkeling(浮，替)

inthewarmwatersoftheSeaofCortezforthefirsttime.(1)ThysansweredEmily'sexcited

questionsandadmiredEmily'sshells,curiousstones,andothertreasuresfromthebeach-and

helpedplanttheseedsofafutureinmarinebiology.

EmilyAsheisstabletobecomeoneoftheworld'snewestmarinescientistswhenshegraduates

thisspringfromEckerdCollegeinSt.Petersburg,Florida.(2)HThyswassuchaninspirational

personwhowassopassionateabouttheocean,"Ashesays.

(3)"Therewasahugeballwithpelicans(3乌鹏)divinginandsealionsswimmingupfromthe

bottom,1'shesays.nSomehowIgotintothemiddleoftheexcitementwitheverythingswirling

aroundme.ltwasalittlechaoticfora12-year-old,butit'sstilloneofthemostincrediblethings

I'vegottentoexperienceunderwater."

Atthattime,Thysrecognizedthenewtalentedscientist'slovefortheoceanandsuggestedshe

attendCalifornia'sCatalinaSeaCamp,whichofferssummersessionsforocean-lovingkids.[4)

Shesaystheexperience"openedsomanydoors."Throughthoseconnectionsshelandedinthe

marinescienceprogramatEckerd.

Post-graduation,AshehopestofollowinThys*footstepstoteachkidsandthepublicabout

marineecosystems.nMydreamjobistobeanaturalistontheexpeditions/'shesays."(5)"

A.Theexperiencecanbesotransformative.

B.AshecreditsThysforplayingakeyroleinleadingherpath.

C.Theendgoalistomakeapositiveimpactonourmarineworld.

D.Ashetooktheadvice,goingontospendfivesummersasacamper.

E.ShealsometTierneyThys,amarinebiologistandNationalGeographicExplorer.

第6页，共22页

F.Thyssaysfirsthandexposureiskeyfordevelopingapassionforthenaturalworld.

G.ThinkingbackonheradventureinBaja,Ashesaysthetrip'ssnorkelingmemoriesstandout.

16.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空（本大题共15小题,共15.0分）

Formanyyears,!wassowrappedupinmykidsandmyfamilythatIignoredhowIlooked.The

words”(21)maintenanceHdescribedmyapproachtobeautyperfectly.

Itwasn'tuntilrecently,whenIhadmypicturetakenforaworkID,that1(22)the"YouthTrain"

hadleftthestation,andIwasnolongeronit.ThewomanintheIDpicturelooked(23)and

definitelymiddle-aged.

Forafewdays,Iwasalittle(24)bythefactthatIwasnolongerthesweet,youngthingIthought

Iwas.Forthosefewdays,Itriedalittleharderto(25)younger,brighterandtighter.I(26)with

myhairandaddedextraeyeliner.

IthoughtIwas(27)inmyseekingforayouthfulglowuntiloneofmynewco-workers(28)

askedmeaquestionthattoldmeIwas(29)onlymyself."Idon'tsupposeyouknowwhatbeauty

is,doyou?”sheasked.

Thatsimplequestionopenedmywearyeyesonceandforall.Myfamily(30)menotformy

no-longer-shinyhairbutbecausethe(31)I'mplaying,thatismyhusband'swifeandmykids1

mom.

Someoneoncesaidthat(32)isthefirstgiftgivenandthefirstonetakenaway.Iagreebutonly

whenitcomesto(33)beauty.Whenitcomestostayingyoung,amind-lift(34)aface-liftany

day.The£35)beauty,thestuffinsidethatallofushave,lastsalifetime.

21.A.delicateB.constantC.slightD.low

22.A.realizedB.recognizedC.acknowledgedD.recommended

23.A.energeticB.cautiousC.enthusiasticD.tired

24.A.confusedB.interestedC.botheredD.desired

25.A.actB.dressC.behaveD.pretend

26.A.tiedupB.cutawayC.tookturnsD.tookpains

27.A.sendingB.turningC.succeedingD.bringing

28.A.casuallyB.temporarilyC.brieflyD.improperly

29.A.teachingB.foolingC.decoratingD.enjoying

30.A.lovesB.helpsC.changesD.shapes

31.A.trickB.roleC.jokeD.game

32.A.reliefB.beliefC.powerD.beauty

33.A.innerB.naturalC.outsideD.moral

34.A.beatsB.meetsC.warmsD.restricts

35.A.behavioralB.genuineC.physicalD.biological

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)

36.DatingbacktotheNeolithic(新石器时代的)age,thetime-honoredtool,thewriting

brushinChinais⑴(wide)usedinChinesecalligraphyandpainting.Togetherwiththe

inkstone,inkstickandXuanpaper,thesefourwritingimplementsareoftenreferredto(2)_

the"FourTreasuresoftheStudy."ThewritingbrushhasbeenusedbytheChinesetowrite

andpaintsince5,000yearsago.Afterpaper⑶(invent)bytheChinese,bamboo

slips,woodentablets,brocadeandsilk,(4)originallyfunctionedaswriting

surfaces,graduallyfadedout.

FormanyChinese(5)(artist),thebrushismorethanawritingtool."Itseemsinmy

bloodthat,whenIpickup(6)inkbrush,suddenlymythoughts,ideas,andevenstoriesbuild

arelationshipwiththeinkbrush,whichoffersachance⑺(express)ourinnerworld,"

saidLiuQinghe,acontemporaryChineseartist.

"Withagoodinkbrush⑻(hold)inhands,whenweinfuseourideasintothebrush,we

give(9)life.Whenawriterpicksthebrushup,hecanfeelitsfinedetailsandsubtleties,(10)

(create)adialogue/'Liusaid.

Indeedjhe"FourTreasuresoftheStudy"havewrittenthewholeChinesecivilization,asit

第8页，共22页

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、书面表达(本大题共2小题，共40.0分)

37.假定你是学生会主席李华，为了弘扬2022年北京冬奥会精神，增强学生体质，学

校决定举办一场400米接力赛(400-meterrelayrace)o请你根据所给提示用英语

给国际部学生写一则书面通知。内容包括：

1.比赛时间及地点；

2.报名截止时间；

3.奖励办法。

要求：

1.字数80左右；

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

NOTICE

Students'Union

38.Sadie,a100-poundGermanShepherd,wasveryanxiousandespeciallyuneasyaround

humans.Duetoheranxietyissues,shehadbeenturneddownbythreeshelters.She

eventuallywastakeninbytheRamapo-BergenAnimalRefugeinNewJersey,whichisa

shelterwheredogsgowhenothershelterscouldnotrehousethem.Thedogswhoendupin

thissheltercansometimesspendtherestoftheirdayswithoutafamilyto

love.Thankfully,therewasonepersonouttherewhowaswillingtogiveSadieahome.

ThefirsttimeSadiesawBrianMyers,shejustimmediatelyjumpedonhimkissedhisface

andknockedhisglassesandmaskoff.Myersjustthoughthelovedthisdog.Hewantedto

givethisdogachance,andbelievedtheycouldworkthroughherissues.Soheadoptedher

withoutasecondthought.

Hethoughthewasrescuingher.Littledidheknowhewassavinghissavior（救星）.

WhenMyerstookSadiehome,sheputherpawsonhisshoulderstolickhisface,thanking

himforgivingherachance.ShewouldgowithMyerswhereverhewent,trackingallhis

movements.Thetwodevelopedalovingandrespectfulbond.SadiesleptonMyers'bedat

night-politely.Theysucceededinworkingthroughallheranxietyissues.

OnenightMyerswokeuptousethebathroomandwhenhegotup,hefelthislegsgiveout

fromunderneathhimandhefelltothefloor.Hehadnofeelingonhisleftsideandcouldn't

standupinthecrawlspacebetweenhisbedandthewall.Myersknewhewasintrouble.

Itwasreallyfrightening-hecouldn'tgetupanddidn'trealizeatthatmomentthathe'dhad

astroke.Hiscellphonewasonthedresserabout15feetaway,buttherewasnowayhe

couldgetit.Helaidthereonthefloorwondering,"HowlongwillIbestuckherebefore

someonefindsme?”

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Meanwhile,Sadiesensedthatsomethingbadwashappening.

ThankstoSadie,Myerswasrushedtohospital.

第10页，共22页

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】B、C、A

【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据TheReader'sEdge部分中的

TherearetwoversionsoftheReader'sEdge；basicandadvanced.（Reader'sEdge有两个版

本；基本的和高级的。）可知，TheReader'sEdge有两个版本。故选B。

（2）C.细节理解题。根据Spreeder段部分中的第四句

ThisapprecordsIhereader'sreadingimprovements,recordingtheoverallreadingtimeandsp

eed.whichisuniquetoSpreeder.（这个应用程序记录读者的阅读进步，记录整体阅读时间

和速度，这是Spreeder独有的。）可知，Spreeder的独特之处在于它会跟踪用户阅读进

度。故选C。

（3）A.数字计算题。根据IrisSpeedReading部分中的

Theyhavethreedifferentcourses,eachcosting$

55.Youcanalsochoosetopurchaseallthreecoursesfor$149.（他们有三种不同的课程，每

门55美元。你也可以选择以149美元的价格购买这三门课程。）可知，每个课程单价

55美元，三个课程165美元，一次性购买需149美元，165-149=16美元，那么一次性

购买三门课程可以节省16美元，故选A。

本文是一篇应用文。文章列出了四个很好的快速阅读软件。

1.直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原

文基本一致的题目。2.间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言

表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3.综合信息题：综合信息题

是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在

文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

4~7.【答案】B、C、A、C

【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第三段Afterhighschool,DivittowenttoClemson

UniversityinSouthCarolina,butaftergraduating.itwasdifficultforhertofindjobs.So,she

tunnedtohermom,whohelpedhercreateherownjob：CEOofCollettey'sCookies.（高中毕

业后，Divitto去了南卡罗来纳州的克莱姆森大学，但毕业后，她很难找到工作。所以，

她求助于她的母亲，母亲帮助她创造了自己的工作：Collettey,sCookies的首席执行官）

可知，妈妈的帮助Divito开始自己的事业。故选B。

(2)C.观点态度题。根据第四段的Shesaysherfavoritepartaboutrunningherbusinessis

hiringpeoplewithdisabilities.Collettey'sCookieshelpspeoplewithdisabilitiespreparefor

theircareers,byoferingworkshopsandguidance.(她说，关于她经营公司的她最喜欢的部

分是雇用残疾人。ColletleybCookies通过提供研讨会和指导，帮助残疾人为自己的职业

生涯做好准备)可推知，Divitlo非常关心残疾人。A.Merciful怜悯的；B.Generous慷慨

的；C.Considerate考虑周到的；D.Tolerant容忍的。故选C。

(3)A.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的ButDivitobelievesmanywanttowork,federallaw

doesnotrequireemployerstopaythemminimumwage.Thatmeanscompaniescanpaypeople

withdisabilitieswhatevertheythinkthey'reworth-somethingDivittoisworkingtochange.(但

Divito认为，许多人想要工作，联邦法律没有要求雇主支付他们最低工资。这意味着公

司可以向残疾人支付他们认为有价值的任何报酬一这是迪维托正在努力改变的)可知，

Divito想要改变的是残疾人的工资。故选A。

(4)C.推理判断题。根据最后一段的

"Nomatterwhoyouare,youcanmakeagreatdifferenceinthisworld,"Divittosaid."Don'tle

tpeoplebringyoudown...Donotfocusonyourdisabilities.Youonlyneedtofocusonyoura

bilities.”(Divitto说："不管你是谁，你都可以让这个世界大不相同。””不要让别人打击

你……不要关注你的残疾。你只需要专注于你的能力。可推知，只要专注于自己的

能力，残疾人也有改变世界、获得成功的潜力。故选C。

这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了从小受到欺凌、患有唐氏综合症的ColletteDivito在妈妈

的帮助下开始了自己的事业，并尽自己的努力帮助残疾人就业的故事。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上

合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

8~11.【答案】B、A、C、A

【解析】(1)B.词句猜测题。根据划线词下文couldleadpeopletochronicdiseases.(可

能会导致慢性疾病)可知，睡眠时暴露在灯光下可能导致慢性疾病。由此可知，睡眠时

暴露在灯光下在很多方面都是有害的，即adverse意为"有害的"，A.StressfuL压力大的；

B.Harmful.有害的；C.Different.不同的；D.Disordered.混乱的。故选B。

(2)A.推理判断题。根据第二段的Forthestudy,alltheparticipantsspenttheirfirstnight

sleepinginadarkroom.Thenextnight,halfofthemsleptinalightedroom.Meanwhile,the

researchersrantestsonthesleepers：theyrecordedtheirbrainwaves,measuredtheirheartrates

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anddrewtheirbloodeveryfewhours,amongotherthings.（在这项研究中，所有参与者的

第一个晚上都睡在一个黑暗的房间里。第二天晚上，他们中有一半人睡在一间有灯光的

房间里。与此同时，研究人员对睡眠者进行了测试：他们记录他们的脑波，测量他们的

心率，每隔几个小时抽血一次，等等）推知，Dr.PhyllisZee通过对比两次实验中参与者

某些方面的数据得出了结果。故选A。

（3）C.段落大意题。根据最后-一段Infact.thereportdidnotcontrolfortheeffectsofsleep

durationandotherpotentialfactors.It'sworthnotingthatresearchersstillhadaindistinct

definitionofwhetherlightcanaffectinsulin（胰岛素）changesinthebody（事实上,该报

告没有控制睡眠时间和其他潜在因素的影响。值得注意的是，研究人员对光线是否会影

响体内胰岛素的变化仍有模糊的定义）可知，本段主要介绍了实验的局限性。故选C。

（4）A.标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一项新的研究证明睡眠时暴露在

灯光下对健康有害。再结合第一段的Newresearchsuggeststhatonenightofsleepwithjust

amoderateamountoflightmayhavenegativeeffectsonhealth.（新的研究表明，接触到适

量的光线的晚上睡眠可能会对健康产生负面影响）可知，A项"开着灯睡觉：可以吗？”

可以作为本文最佳标题，贴合主旨且吸引读者。故选A。

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究证明睡眠时暴露在灯光下对健康有害。

做这类题材的阅读理解时要求考生对文章先通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性

的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基

础上进行合理地分析，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

12~15.【答案】B、C、D、D

【解析】（1）B.推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句

Thebreakthroughcouldrevolulionizehowwedealwithcarbondioxideandclimatechange.

（这一突破可能会彻底改变我们应对二氧化碳和气候变化的方式。）可推知，人们找到

了应对气候危机的革命性方法。故选Bo

（2）C.推理判断题。根据第二段MichaelJewett说的

话"Bypartneringwithbiologytomakewhatisneeded,whereandwhenitisneeded,onasust

ainableandrenewablebasis,wecanbegintotakeadvantageoftheavailableCO2totransform

Iheeconomy."（通过与生物学合作，在可持续和可再生的基础上，在需要的地方和时间

制造需要的东西，我们可以开始利用现有的二氧化碳来转变经济。）可知，二氧化碳在

经济转型中具有积极的作用，故选C。

（3）D.推理判断题。根据第三段中的

Intheirwork,theresearchersengineeredabacteriastrainthatcantransformCO2intoacetone

andIsopropanol（IPA）,

avoidingtraditionalmethodsthatusefossilfuelsforthecreationofthesechemicals.Betteryet

,lhenewgasfermentation（发

酵）processalsoremovesgreenhousegasesfromtheatmosphere.（在他们的工作中，研究

人员设计了一种可以将二氧化碳转化为丙酮和异丙醇（IPA）的细菌菌株，避免了使用

化石燃料来制造这些化学物质的传统方法。更妙的是，新的气体发酵过程还能消除大气

中的温室气体。）可知，与传统方法相比，新方法将在不使用化石燃料的情况下减少温

室气体排放。故选D。

（4）D.文章出处题。根据第一段中的

However.researchersledbyNorthwesternUniversityandLanzaTechhavediscoveredatype

ofbacteriathatcanbreakdownwastecarbondioxidetomakevaluableindustrialchemicals,a

ccordingtoapressreleasebyNorthwesternpublishedMonday.Thebreakthroughcouldrevol

utionizehowwedealwithcarbondioxideandclimatechange.（然而，根据西北大学周一发

布的一份新闻稿，由西北大学和兰扎理工大学领导的研究人员发现了一种可以分解废弃

二氧化碳以制造有价值的工业化学品的细菌。这一突破可能会彻底改变我们处理二氧化

碳和气候变化的方式。）并结合下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了由西北大学和兰扎理工

学院领导的研究人员发现了一种细菌，可以将碳废物转化为有价值的化学物质，是关于

科学发现的，所以在科学报纸上可以读到这篇文章。结合选项A.Inabiologytextbook.

在一本生物教科书上；B.InaLabguidebook.在一•本实验室指南中；

C.Inanacademicalp叩er.在一篇学术论文中；D.Inasciencenewspaper.在一份科学报纸上。

故选D。

本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了由美国西北大学和兰扎理工学院领导的研究人员发

现了一种细菌，可以将碳废物转化为有价值的化学物质。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项填写出正确答案。

16~20.【答案】E、B、G、D、C

（解析】（1）E.推理判断题。根据后文ThysansweredEmily'sexcitedquestionsandadmired

Emily'sshells,curiousstones,andothertreasuresfromthebeach-andhelpedplanttheseedsof

afutureinmarinebiology.（Thys回答了Emily激动人心的问题，欣赏Emily的贝壳、奇

石和海滩上的其他珍宝，并帮助为海洋生物学的未来播下了种子。）提及了人物Thys

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与Emily的互动，由此可推知，设空句应提及新人物Thys与Emily的见面。选项E.She

alsometTierneyThys,amarinebiologistandNationalGeographicExplorer.（她还会见了海

洋生物学家、国家地理探险家TierneyThys。）讲到Emily与Thys第一