第一期学生外语学习托福实考词汇

amatterofspeculationsuppositionnabandongiveupvtabrupt=suddenadj然absorb=takeinv.吸收 notconcreteaabsurd=ridiculousa.abundance=greatnumbern.大量abundance=largeamountn.大量abundantlargeamountadj量abundantamplea.富量abundantnumerousa富abundantsubstantiala.富的大量abundantly=plentifullyad.accessreachv.acclaimedpraisableadj.modateprovideforv.plishedachieveda.现完accumulate=collectv.积累accumulate=buildupaccuray=correctlyad.正确acknowledge=recognizev

adjacencynearingnadministermanagev.advance=improvementn.affair=mattern.;事afford=providev.aggravate=annoyv.恼aggregate=combineda.的;合计aggregation=groupn.聚合，；体，集合agile=astutea.agile=quickandactivea.alarmsoundvalarm=warningnalleged=assertedv. allocationdistributionn.amazing=remarkable/recementa.令人惊讶/非凡ambiguous=morethanonemeaning引起歧义模棱ambiguous=vaguea.不明确ambitiouskeen/energeticadj.ambivalent=mixeda.amplespaciousaancient=olda.annihilated=destroyv废annuallyyearlyadanonymousnameless/incognitoadj具名的antlerhornn.鹿apparent=obviousa.bustling=busyadj乱appeal=attractionn.appealing=attractivea.有appearseemvappearance=risenappearanceshowingupnappreciable=noticeablea.approach=methodn.方法approachmovetowardv.

archivestorev.存ariseemergevasarule=ingeneralphr.assert=declarev.宣assumebelievev.假定assume=supposev.assume=takeonv.assumption=premisenastonishing=amazinga.astoundingly=incrediblyadv.使人astute=clevera.atrandomwithoutadefinitepatternphr. panyinga.随attributescharacteristicsn.attribution=charactern.augmentincreasev.avenue=meansn.avenuemethodn.avid=enthusiastica.backupsupportnbarelyjustad仅barge=boatn.驳 burgeon=expandv.急速成barrier=impedimentn. 214. 215. byandlarge=forthemostpart总的来 camouflage=hidev.beaccustomedto=getusedtophrv.习 camouflage=blendwithcircumstancesv. camouflage=disguisev. catastrophic=badlyharmful性 celebrated=famousa.着名besusceptibleto=besubjectto受…影响 eextinct=dieoutphrv. 226. champion=promotevt.提升， blossom=flourishv.兴 channel=guidev.引 boast=exaggeratev.吹 bombard=assaultv.击;轰 chisel=carvev.刻;bombard=assailv.击;轰 choose=optv.选boom=expansionn.激增;爆 boost=raisev.增加;提 chronic=habituala.长期的;不断boundary=peripheryn.边 breakthrough=revolutionn.突破， circumstance=conditionn.环境;情brew=developvt.开 cite=quotev. broadappeal=widepopularitya.广泛的 clear=visiblea.容易看见broadly=generallyad.大体 broadly=extensivelyad.大体 bulk=largestarean.主体,绝大部 bulk=greattyn.大部 cling v.坚 cluster=groupn.组， coincidewith=beasthesametimeasv.同时发coincidewith=accordwith与coincidence=likelyeventscollectgatherv.收colossal=enormousmemorate=monlyoftenadv常 compactcompressed实a密明comparable=parative= pelpushpelling=forcingadj.，引人入胜compensatemakeupvcompensateforbalancephrv.偿int=plement=addtovcomplement=supplementn.补充compley=totallyad.完全complexsystemn合合complex=elaborateacomplicatedcomplexa杂componentconstituenta.成composebemadeupofcomposition=prehensive=completea.全部comprehensive=understandablea.能理 comprisemakeupv组comprise=formvcompulsory=requiredadjconcensus=agreementn.一致

concern=interestvconclusive=ultimatea.confine=limit/boundaryv.限confinedto=limitedtov.confined=limitedadjconfined=restrictedv.congeal=solidifyv.congregate=gathervtvi（使）集合，consecutive=successivea.consequenceimportancen.要consequently=thusadconsequently=asaresult结果，因conserve=savev.considerablely=greatlyadv大consistof=composeofv.组 conspicuous=notablea显constant=stablea.conslation=combinationn.一系列;一consume=eatupv.消耗喝吃consume=usecompley耗consumedusedupv v.contemte=considerv.沉 adj代contentionclaimn.contiguous=neighboringadj.continuousuninterrupteda.续的continuous=ongoingadj断前进contour=outlinevtcontroversy=/disagreementn.conventional=traditionala.conveycommunicatevt.&vi.convict=doom()v.宣convict=condemnvconvince=persuadevt.core=centern.;要correlate=matchv.correspondence=harmonyn.一致corroborate=confirmv.costly=expensivea

counter=opposev.counterpart=equivalent等物n.复本副countervail=compensatev.抵销countless=innumerablea.数量很把…crawl=movev.create=inventv.创作 n.，criticalessentialacrushed=grounda.碎了culminatein=peak到顶点；以…告culminationhighpointn.顶cumbersomeawkwarda.笨重的;麻烦的cumbersome=clumsya.笨重的烦cumbersomeunwieldya.重烦curb=controlv.控制cushioned=protect保dam=blockvdecimatedestroyv.deficient=inadequateadjdegree=measuren.程度delicate=daintya.易碎的;精美delight=pleasev.使高兴delight=pleasuren.高兴;愉快deluxe=lavisha.奢华的demand=needn.需要;需demise=extinctionn.demography=populationn.人口统dense=crowdeda.稠密的;密集dense=thicka.稠密的;密集depend=relyonv.依赖;依靠依dependable=reliablea.可信赖depict=describev.描depict=portrayv.描写;描绘deplete=exhaustvt.耗尽depletion=drainn.消耗;用尽deposit=accumulatev.沉积deposit=laydownv.放下;放置derive=arisev.源于;导出desiccated=dryadj.干的design=createv.设designate=assignvt.指派designate=identifyv.命名;指定designation=identificationn.称号,名字despite=eventhough尽detected=identifiedvt.认出，识determine=figureoutvt.决定；detractor=critic(批评者)n.诽谤者;批评detrimental=harmfula.有害的;不利deviate=digressv.偏deviation=departuren.背离devise=createv.设计;发明devoidof=shortof缺乏…devoidof=lackofa.缺乏的devoidof=scantofa.缺乏devoidof=without(prep.)a.缺乏devoted=dedicateda.虔诚的;专心致devotedto=concentratedona.虔诚的;专心致志devour=eatvt.吞dictate=determinev.口授;命令dictate=orderv.命令differential=unevenadj.不一致的,有差differential=unevena.差别的;独特diffuse=disperse/spreadoutvi.&vt.散开，扩

diffuse=travelv.扩散;散布diffuse=spread(out)v.扩散;散布dilemma=problemn.困境；进退两难diligent=carefula.勤奋diligently=carefullyad.勤奋dilute=reducev.稀释;使薄dim=decreasev.变暗dim=weakadj.暗淡的dimension=aspectn.[数]维；尺寸dimension=sizen.尺寸disassemble=breakupv.拆开disassemble=breakapartv.拆disband=dismissv.解散;遣散discard=throwawayv.摒弃;丢弃discard=throwupv.摒弃;丢弃discernible=noticeablea.可感知到，可注意到的discernible=discriminatinga.可辨discernible=noticeablea.可辨discharge=releasev.释放discipline=punishvt.处罚 adj.分开disentangle=disbandv.解开disguise=hidden隐藏，掩disgust=distastev.厌恶disintegrate=fallapartv.分解;碎裂disintegrate=breakapartv.分解;碎裂disintegrate=tearapartv.分解;碎裂dismantle=demolishv.拆开;拆除dismiss=rejectvt.disorder=anarchyn.dispensable=notnecessarya.非必dispersal=distributionn.散布;驱散 n.，散dispersed=scattervi.分散disce=moveoutofpositionv.迫使(人)离disposition=temperamentn.性格;性情dispute=argumentn.争论;争执dispute=contentionn.争论;争执dissipate=dispersev.驱散dissipated=disperseda.分散的dissuade=discouragev.劝阻distant=faradj.遥远distinct=separateadj.分开的,不同distributiongeographicrangen.disturb=upsetvdiverse=variousadj.同diversification=emergenceofmanydiversify=varyvt.使多样doctrine=principlen原domestichomea.庭dormantinactivea休眠drastic=extremea.激烈的;drasticallyobviouslyad.drastically=severely(ad.elapsed=passeda去过7/

vt. emanateemergev.embedenclosev.embed=imntv.插入;植embed=insertvemergencerisen.现，露emergence=appearancen.出现emergent=develoa.新兴employusev.enactmentestablishmentn.encounter=meetvt. n.endangered=notabundanta临绝种的 endow=bestowvengulfed=swallowvtenhanceimprovev.enhanceintensifyv.enormoushugeadj.巨大enormouslargeadj.大enormousgreata.巨大enormous=very enrich=enhancev.富ensuingsubsequenta.着发enthusiastic=eagera.entirely=whollyadv.底episode=eventn.epitomizeexemplifyvt.era=periodn.时代年erroneouswrongadj.误essentialcruciala.essential=requiredadj.establishment=formation(构成n建立创euphoric=extremelyhappya.eventual=finaladj最终eventually=finallyadv.evidence=proofn.evokearousev.evokedrawv.evoke=promotev.evoke=producev

excavationdug-outnexceed=beyondabovev.;胜过胜exceed=surpassv.;胜excess=gobeyondn.;胜exclusively=solelyadv.唯一executeperformvexert=utilizevtexhaustedusedupa尽完exhibit=disyv.展示;陈expandstretchv.展开expansearean大片区expediency=conveniencenexpendusevexplicit=obviousa.exploit=makeuseofv.exposeto=subjectto()v.使经express=communicatev.表达extant=existinga.存extant=notextincta.存的extend=reachv extraordinary=exceptionala.exudegiveoffv发facet=aspectn.far-reachingextensivea广泛fashionmakev.fashionablepopulara.feasibleachievablea.行 adj.feasteatingn.盛ferry=transportn.figureout=map详细规划phr计算解figuringout=map计划finding=discoveryn.发firstandforemost=aboveallphr.首先fixedfirmflee=runawayfromv.flexible=adaptablea.应float=upwardrisephrv浮flourishingprosperousa.flowmovementnfocalpointcentrearean.焦focus=concentratevt.follow=trackv.

foster=encouragev.foster=urgev.培养促fragment=breakupv.成碎frankly=openlyad.坦白friction=n.争执;不 adj.fundamental=basica.础funds=moneyn.furthermoreinaddition此furthermore=moreoveradv外；而且gap=openingn口generateproducevgenuinely=actuallyad. n.，动getaccustomed eusedtophrvgiant=hugeadj大ern=controlv.;管ern=regulatev.;管grasp=understandv.;理groom=makeupv.groundless=unfoundeda.无根groundsreasonsn.groundwork=basen.基础groundwork=basisngroundwork=foundationn. hairline=slightadj.细小的，纤细 icesheet=glacier()n.hamper=makedifficultyv束hamperrestrictv束haphazard=randoma.随意harnessputintousevt.利harnessusev.harness=utilizev.harshdrastica.厉的hastyhurrieda.匆的haul=pullv.havenothingtodowith=innorelationtophrv.havoc=destructionn.hazard=dangern.heighten=increasev增加提hence=thereforead.heritagelegacyn.遗产heterogeneousvarieda.hinderhamperv.hint=cluen.hint=leadn.hitherto=previouslyadv.先前hobby=pastimen.holdsupportv.支撑hollow=anemptyspacen.homogeneousuniforma同种hostofgreatnumbernhoweveryetconj.

idiosyncrasies=peculiarityn.ignite=setonfirev. adj.immenseenormousadjimmenseverybigadj.极大巨大immensegreata.大immensehugea巨大immensevasta巨大immenselyextremelyadimmigration=movementnimmoral=impropera.impermeableimperviousa.不能渗impermeable=impenetrablea.能渗透impetus=stimulusv.促imusible=unbelievablea.难以置信improbable=unlikelya.inadvertently=unintentionallyad.inaugurate=introducevt. n.ally=bythewayad.顺便inclementunfavorablea.气候incorporate=includev.包incursion=invasionn.indigenous=nativea.土的长indispensableessentialaindispensablenecessarya.indispensableneededaindistinct=notclearadj.inducecausevinducedcaused引inducement=incentiven因，刺激inevitable=unavoidablea.免infirm=weaka.不坚定的inflate=expandv扩ingenuity=clevernessn.ingenuity=resourcefulnessn.inherentincharacteristicofainherentinstinctivea

inherently=essentiallyad.inhospitableunfavorableadj.inhospitableadversea淡的宜initial=firsta.最初initialing=beginningv.innovation=newninnovative=newa.新inordinate=excessiveainsightinto=perceiveinstall=putincev.放置，安instant=momentn.instantaneousimmediatea.instructive=informativev.pleteadj intense=ercourse=exchangeermediatein-betweena./n媒 ctvtintimate=rigue=interestv. intrusiveinvasivea. invade=moveintov.; invent=devisev. littleshortmiraculous=amazingbutitis locale=cen.现场;场 isolated=separateda. jettison=releasev. jolt=shockv.;magnify=enlargev. magnitudesizen. juncture=connectionn.连接接magnitude=amountn maintain=continuev维持 majestic=magnificenta. keeptuneto=maintain保maketheirwaytravelphrv. adj.managebeable够做 manifest=revealv.表明 n.manipulate=controlv. largeextensivea.大的大量markedconsiderablea.着 largely=mostlyad.部分marked=significantadj. marvelously=remarkablyadv人注 lax=carelessadj. massiveenormousa.巨大 legitimay=properlyad.正当地;合法massive=hugea.巨大 leisure=timen.闲 matter=issuen. maturedevelopedadj liberalextensiveamature=getolderadj um=greatestsizen. meanaveragen平均 monotonousboringa.调聊monumental=giantadj.巨大meresubsistence=minimize最低的维持生merelynomoremeresubsistence=minimize最低的维持生merelynomorethanad.merely=onlyad.仅merely=simplyad.仅merge=blendv.mergecombinev n.microbe=germn. mount=growv.增长 mount=climbv.登上 mount=increasev.增长 mundane=materiala.1080. mundane=ordinarya.俗的milkyway=galaxyn.mimiccopyvmilkyway=galaxyn.mimiccopyvmimicimitatev.minute=verysmalla.minute=tinya.小minute=smalladjminuy=finelyad.详细地;精密minuy=indetailad.详细地;精密 myriad=countlessa.大量的;无数的 myriad=innumerablea.大量的;无数的 myriad=numerousa.大量的;无数的 mysteriously=nottoknowadj.难以理解的 narrow=limitv.使变窄1087.nature=charactern.1088.nearly=almostad.不necessary=requireda.needlesstosay=obviousphr.用nevertheless=howeverad.而neverthelessinspiteofad.然而尽nocturnalnighttimea.间notable=importantanotably=especiallyadv.显noticeable=obviousa.modestly=humblyadv.谦虚 tionn.modify=changevt.momentous=significanta.重要的monitor=observev.;监monopolize=dominate(v.monopolyin=dominationn.mirror=reflectv映misconception=wrongmirror=reflectv映misconception=wrongidean.误misleadingerroneousa.使人误解misleadinginaccuratea.使人误解misleading=unreliableadjmisunderstandingFALSEidean.误misunderstandingwrongidean.误mock=pretendv.模moderate=temperateadj和modes=mannern.模式modestlimited(a.度modest adj逊

1099.notion=idean.1100.notwithstandingdespiteprep管1101.notwithstanding=-neverthelessconj.虽然1102.novelnewadj.新的 nowandthen=occasionallyadv objective=purposen.目标 oblige=v.强迫obscure=uncleara.模煳obscure=hidev.使模obsessionwithfixationonn迷obtain=acquirev.obvious=obvious=evidentaobviouslyclearly.advoccasion=eventn.重大活动occasionallyonceinawhileadv.偶尔地oflegitimacy=lawfula.oflikelihood=probableaoffset=balancev.补偿;抵销offset=compensatevoffsetmakeupv.paradoxically=seeminglycontradictoryad.似非而是地parcelout=distributephrvpareaway=removev.修掉;削减削减particularly=especiallyadvpartly=insomedegreead.部份地patch=arean.小块土地patch=spotnpeak=topn.尖端,最高点vpeak=highestpointn.（期 oldmale=agedmalen.老omit=neglectv.遗漏;删omit=excludevonthecontrary=ontheotherhandphr.恰恰相onthecontrary=whereas(然而;反之)phr.恰恰相onthewhole=ingeneralph.大体onthewhole=mainly主要ongoing=currenta.进行onset=startn.开onset=beginningn.开opaque=impenetrablea.难理解optimalmostadvantageousa.最佳optimal=idealadj.最佳的；最理想option=choicen.选项;选orchestrate=stage-managev.精心安orientation=n.观orientation=introductionn.介originally=atthefirstad.起originatefrom=comeintoexistencefrom来源ornament=decoratev.装ornamental=decorativea.装饰的ornamentation=decorationn.装 ostentatious=showyadj.好夸耀的,炫耀 outbreak=suddenincreasev.爆发;突然发e=resultn.结outermost=farthermostawaya.最远overlook=ignorevt.忽overview=summaryn.概要overwhelming=powerfula.压倒性owingto=becauseof因 n.速 pacify=assuagev paradox=contraryn.相反;

peak=umn.（期 peak=timeofthegreatestperiodn.（期 peak=summit/climaxn.顶 peculiar=strangea.奇怪的;独特的 penetrate=enterv.穿入; perceptible=noticeablea.可感知的 perceptible=appreciablea.可感知的 peril=dangern. perilous=dangerousa.的 perilous=hazardousa.的 perilous=riskya.的 perilous=toxica.的periodically=fromtimetotimead.周期性periodically=regularlyad.周期性perishable=easytospoila.易腐坏permanent=forever永久permanent=lastinga.永恒permeate=penetratev.渗透;弥permit=allowv.允perpetual=constanta.永久的;连续perpetuate=maintain/immortalizevt.使…永persist=continuev.坚持;持persist=lastv.坚持;持persistence=continuing,持persistent=longlastinga.耐久的 ality=charactern个性;性pertinent=relevanta.相关的pervasive=widespreada.普遍phenomena[pl.]=eventsn.现phenomenal=extraordinarya.异常phenomenon=observablefactn.现phenomenon=occurrencen.现piecing=joiningn.接pigment=colorn.色pigmentation=dyen.染pinnaclehighpointn顶点顶pinpointprecisea.=causeproblemsnpledgepromisen.证plumage=feathern.羽pocketbookaffordablea.起popular=widespreada.行的pore=space(n.portablecanbecarriedadj.式portion=constituentnportion=partn.部portions=partsn. pose=presentv.摆;展posit=assumevpositproposevposit=assumevpositproposevpositsuggestvpostulatehypothesesv.postulate=presumev.假potent=powerfula.有力potentialcapabilityadjpotential=latentadj.在pragmaticpracticaladj.际的precedebebeyondv.precedecomebeforev.…之precious=valuablea.宝贵

1241.preclude=ruleoutv.1242.predicament=difficultsituationn.1243.predicamentserioussituationn.的处境1244.prediction=prophecyn.preeminentforemosta.卓越显着premise=assumev.前preoccupationwith=concentrationonphr.注preordain=ordainv.定preordainpreeminentforemosta.卓越显着premise=assumev.前preoccupationwith=concentrationonphr.注preordain=ordainv.定preordainappointv.preponderancemajorityn.prerequisiterequirementn.要条prerequisite=somethingneededtohappenpreserve=protectv.preserve=savev.存presumable=probablya.推测presumable=supposableadj.推测presumably=probablyadv.prevaildominatev主prevailingdominanta.prevailingpopulara行prevalent=commona.普遍的行previous=pasta.前的previously=beforead.primarilymainlyad.要primary=dominanta.要 adj.要principlerulen.precipitate=bringaboutv.发preciseexactadj.确的，精确precisionaccuracynprotrude=extendv.出provided=ifvokeelicitv.导prowessambition(wess=ximity=nearnessn.接proximityclosenessn.purposesuggestvt.pursue=chasev.quarters=residencesn.radicalfundamentala.本radically=extremelyadv.的，非常radically=compleya.根本raiseto=causeto/comeaboutv.起raiseto=causeto/comeaboutv.起ramification=consequencen.结果ramification=branchn.枝randomchance然的range=varyv.化rare=unusualadj.有ravage=destroyn.realmareanrebound=recoveryn新振receptacle=receivern.recharge=refillvreconcilecompromisev.recurrepeatv出refine=improvev.priorityrankingpreferencen.优prized=cess=purify精炼v.加procure=acquirevprocure=obtainv.得profound=far-reachinga.远profound=deepgrammed=determineda.计划projection=predictionn设long=long=lengthyadj.长prominent=eminenta.着prominent=importantadj.要promote=encouragevpromote=enhancevt.进；提升；推销prompt=causen.催促；激励；怂恿pronounceddefinitea.显pronouncedcleara显著propagate=pel=ponent=supportern.拥护posal=idean.提议prosper=sperity=wellbeing prototype=modeln.respective=particularadj各个respectively=separayadv.分别地,各自refuse=garbagen.resumestartagainvt.新开 regrettable=unfortunateadj.幸的，令人遗憾retain=keepv保持保regulate=adjustv.调整rein=strengthenv.加relativecomparativea.比较reveal=makeknownv. en. reluctance=unwillingnessn.不情愿revolutionizechangedramaticallyv.彻rigorous=demandinga厉remarkably=surprisinglyadv.显著地remedycurevrigors=difficultiesn.，严rise=emergev.remnantremainingaremnant=remainsnremnant=left-overn.rival=competev对roam=wanderv.漫游render=makev.role=functionn.renowned=famousa.有名repercussion=effectn.replicas=copiesn.routinelycommonlyad.规resembling=approximatingvt.rupture=burstv.residualremaininga.sampleexamplenshift=changev.转shiftmovev.scanty=thinadj.缺乏shiver=tremorv发抖打scatterdiffuse/dispersevi.&vtshowcase=disyv.陈shrink=contractv.收scenario n.shyawayfromavoidphrv避significance=importancen.要score=alargenumberofn.量significant=importantascrapfragmentn.screen=filterv.sinkpassoutofsightv.下沉secreteproducev.seek=attemptvt.sizeupmeasurev.seethingactivea.skeptical=eda.怀疑的;多疑segmentportionn片skeptical=doubtfuladj.seldomrarea.sensational=extraordinaryadj.轰动sequenceseriesn.一连连snap=breakv.serenecalma.soak=absorbv.setoff=beginphrv.引sole=onlya.独的settle=inhabitv.;安solitary=alonea.severed=cutoff切断shallownotdeepa.sort=kindn.品种种staple=importanta.要staunch=loyala.定的靠steadystableadj.定stem=arisev.stimulatecausev.激stimulatepromptv.stipulaterequirevtstockpile=storeupv.储备 n sorttypen.source=originn.span=extendovervsparksetoffv.sparse=notricha.星spawn=createv卵spawn=producev.speakofindicatephrvspecify=statev.說spectator=beholdern.目击spectator=humanviewern.击spectator=viewern.spectrum=rangenspeedincreasetherateofv.spell=periodoftimen.段时sphere=arean.splendor=magnificencen彩sponsorsupportvt.助spontaneousimpulsivea.发的排spontaneous=unnneda.自发的;非计划安排spontaneously=automaticallyadv.spontaneously=automaticallyadv.spot=catchv.spot=seev.见spread=distributev.spur=stimulatev.刺 stabilize=holdincev.使稳 staggering=overwhelminga.

substitute=recementn.代替strictly=onlyad.stride=stepn.大步阔strictly=onlyad.stride=stepn.大步阔striking=dramatica.string=seriesn.系strip=removev.剥stunning=astoundingadj.使人sturdy=stronga壮stylus=pennsubjectedto=dominatedbyv.subsequentensuingadj.接subsequentlatera后subsequent=ensuinga.后subsequent=followingintime在…之subsequentlylateradv.subsidiary=lessimportanta.substantial=largesubstantial=essentiala.大的实substantialsturdya固substantial=enoughadj.substantiate=confirmv.successive=continuousadj续successively=oneaftersuccessive=continuousadj续successively=oneafteranotheradv.sue=raisealegalactionagainstvt.suitableappropriatea.适suited=appropriateda.sunkdowntothebottoma.下陷supersede=recev.取代，代supnt=recev.代替supnt=substitutev.代替;取supplementadditionn.supplemental=additionaladj外suppress=stopbyv.制止 tantalizinganxiousa急 task=workn.tenacity=stabilityn.tension=pressuren.tenuous=weaka.tenacity=stabilityn.tension=pressuren.tenuous=weaka.terminal=finalaterminatedbyfinishedby束testifygiveevidencev.作thereforeconsequentlyadsurmise=assumptionv.测surmise=guessvsurmise=assumptionv.测surmise=guessvsurmise=inferv.猜surplusextraa.剩surplus=excessa.剩susceptibleto=pronetoa.响susceptibleto=besubjectto suspendfloatvt.suspendhangv.悬sustain=supportv.支sustain=persistv.sustenance=foodn.sustenance=lifen.食sustenance=liv