【期末高效复习方案】六年级上册英语期末专项训练（二）-语法考点梳理精讲对点跟踪训练译林版（WORD版含答案）

期末专项训练（二）——语法考点梳理+对点训练一、规则动词的一般过去式1.大部分动词直接在词尾加-ed。例如：point—pointed,clean—cleaned2.以不发音的e结尾的动词，在词尾加-d。例如：live—lived,move—moved3.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应先将y改为i再加-ed。例如：study—studied，cry—cried4.以元音字母加y结尾的动词直接在词尾加-ed。例如：play—played,stay—stayed5.以单个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词要双写最后一个字母，再加-ed。例如：plan—planned,stop—stopped典例1：Mygrandmotheroften_________(chat)withmewhenIwasyoung.【易错题】解析：题中“whenIwasyoung”意为“当我年轻时”,是表示过去的时间状语，故chat也用过去式，动词chat的一般过去式变化规则符合上述第5点，应双写t，再加-ed。练习1：用所给词的适当形式填空。Long,longago,alion_________(live)intheforest.I_______(show)thepicturetomysisterandshewashappy.Mike_________(study)EnglishwithHelenyesterdayafternoon.Theman________(turn)intoalionatlast.Oneday,MrBlack________(walk)bythesmallhouse.They________(play)footballtogetherlastSunday.二、each与every的区别each强调个别，有“各自”的含义；every强调整体，有“所有人”的含义。典例2：Eachboy_________(fly)akiteatweekends.解析：eachboy是第三人称单数，atweekends表明时态是一般现在时，故谓语动词用flies。练习2：根据中文提示补全句子。我们每天骑自行车上学。Wegotoschool________bike________________.三、一般过去时的用法1.常用的时间状语有last…,justnow,yesterday,thismorning等。2.两种类型：(1)be动词型：把am,is改成was，把are改成were。(2)实义动词型：把实义动词改成过去式。练习3：用所给词的适当形式填空。Mikeandhissister________(be)inJapanlastyear.I_______(be)tenyearsoldsixyearsago.He________(notbe)atschoolyesterday.Thirtyyearsago,Lily________(be)alittlegirl.Nowshe________(be)awoman.I_______(stay)athomeyesterday.练习4：按要求完成句子。Theteacherislisteningtomusicnow.(改为一般过去时)Theteacher________tomusicyesterday.Thedoctorwasintheparkthismorning.(改为复数句)These________________intheparkthismorning.四、what引导的感叹句1.当what后接可数名词单数时，其结构为“What+a/an+形容词+名词！”。2.当what后接复数名词或不可数名词时，其结构为“What+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词！”。练习5：根据中文提示补全句子(1)多么令人激动的比赛啊！______________________match!(2)多么漂亮的衣服啊！______________clothes!五、天气类形容词的用法1.形容词可以修饰名词，一般放在名词的前面。2.形容词用于系动词的后面，用来说明主语的特征。3.表示天气的形容词一般由其对应的名词或动词变化而来。一般情况下直接在后面加-y。但sunny是由sun双写n再加-y。练习6：用所给词的适当形式填空。Itwas________(rain)yesterday.【易错题】The________isshining.Itisa________daytoday.(sun)Itis________outsidenow.Itis________thisspring.(rain)Theweatheris________(cloud)and________(wind).Itisnot________today.Butit_________yesterdayevening.(rain)Theweatherbecame_________.Thereweresomeblack________.(cloud)六、动词过去式的不规则变化有些动词的过去式是不规则的。如：fly—flew,read—read,draw—drew,give—gave,do—did,go—went,have—had,drink—drank,sit—sat,swim—swam,sing—sang,run—ran,get—got,put—put,write—wrote,eat—ate,see—saw,tell—told,buy—bought,take—took等。练习7：写出下列单词的过去式。catch__________(2)meet___________(3)bring____________(4)become_________(5)teach___________(6)know____________(7)say____________(8)can____________(9)like_____________(10)make_________(11)wear__________(12)find___________练习8：用所给词的适当形式填空。I________(go)toShanghailastweek.MrsSmith_________(wear)abeautifuldresslastnight.She________(read)anemailontheInternetyesterday.We________(watch)afilmlastSundayevening.Nancy________(come)tomyhomeand_________(bring)mesomepearslastweek.We________(eat)lotsofnicefoodtherelastSunday.七、therebe句型在一般过去时中的用法1.was为is的过去式，其后接可数名词的单数形式或不可数名词。2.were为are的过去式，其后接可数名词的复数形式。易错点提醒：1.在否定句中，some需要改成any。2.therebe句型遵循“就近原则”。练习9：用be动词的适当形式填空。(1)There________(be)alotofforestsinthecitylonglongago.(2)There________(be)manypeopleintheparkyesterday.(3)Manyyearsago,there________(be)atigerandthreerabbits.(4)Beforethere________(be)nocomputersinmyoldschool.(5)There________(be)someapplejuiceintheseglassestwentyminutesago.(6)There________(be)aheavyrainlastnight.练习10：按要求完成句子。Therearemanyparrotsinthezoonow.(用lastyear改写句子)There________manyparrotsinthezoo________________.Thereweresomeapplesonthetree.(改为否定句)【易错题】There________________applesonthetree.八、Whathappened?“Whathappened?”是用来询问发生了什么事情的常用语，还可以用“What’sthematter?”来询问。典例3：同义句转换。Whathappened,LiuTao?What’s_________________________you,LiuTao?解析：“Whathappened?”的同义句是“What’sthematter?”。当询问某人发生了什么事时，需在句子后加介词with。九、实义动词过去式的一般疑问句实义动词过去式的一般疑问句结构为：Did+主语+动词原形+其他？肯定回答：Yes,主语+did.否定回答：No,主语+didn’t.练习11：按要求完成句子。Myfatherwentfishingyesterday.(改为一般疑问句)_________________father________fishingyesterday?Weflewkitesintheparklastweekend.(改为一般疑问句，并做否定回答)_________you________________intheparklastweekend?_________,we________.(3)Icaughtsomefish.(改为一般疑问句)【易错题】________you________________fish?(4)Heleninvitedmanyfriendstoherbirthdayparty.(改为一般疑问句，并做肯定回答)________Helen________manyfriends________herbirthdayparty?________,________________.十、实义动词过去式的特殊疑问句实义动词过去式的特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？练习12：单项选择。()(1)_______yougolastnight?A.WheredidB.WherewereC.Whatdid()(2)What_______youdothere?A.wasB.didC.were()(3)—Whatdidyou_______forthepartylastsummer?【易错题】—I_______areddress.A.wore;wearB.wore;woreC.wear;wore()(4)—Where_______SamandTinagojustnow?—They_______tothepark.A.do;goB.did;goC.did;went()(5)—_______didyoudolastweek?—Iwateredflowers.A.WhatB.WhereC.When练习13：给下列句子选择正确的答语。()(1)Whatdidyoudolastnight?A.Myunclelivedthere.()(2)WhereisKunming?B.IwatchedTVathome.()(3)Howdidyougothere?C.It’sinthesouthofChina.()(4)Wholivedinthatbighouse?D.Iwenttherebybike.十一、be动词过去式的特殊疑问句be动词过去式的特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+其他？练习14：单项选择。()(1)Where_______KittyandBettyyesterdayafternoon?A.didB.wereC.are()(2)—Where________youtwoweeksago?—I________inBeijing.【易错题】A.was;wereB.were;wasC.are;am()(3)—________wastheparty?—Itwasgreat.A.HowB.WhatC.Where()(4)—_______washesoexcitedyesterday?—________yesterdaywashisbirthday.A.Why;SoB.How;BecauseC.Why;Because十二、情态动词could的用法could是can的过去式，表示“能；会”，后面接动词原形。could的各种句式如下：1.肯定句：主语+could+动词原形+其他.2.否定句：主语+couldn’t+动词原形+其他.3.一般疑问句：Could+主语+动词原形+其他？肯定回答为：Yes,…could.否定回答为：No,…couldn’t.4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+could/couldn’t+主语+动词原形+其他？练习15：用所给词的适当形式填空。(1)Before,Tomcouldn’t________(ride)abike.(2)Tenyearsago,he_________(cannot)read________(and)write.【易错题】(3)—Couldyou________(make)paperplaneswhenyouwereachild?—Yes,I________(can).(4)Fiveyearsago,Lindacould________(write)and________(draw).练习16：按要求完成句子。(1)Icouldmakeasentencewiththisnewword.(改为一般疑问句)________________makeasentencewiththisnewword?(2)Tinacouldsinganddancesixyearsago.(对画线部分提问)________________Tina________sixyearsago?十三、also(也)和too(也)的区别1.also用于肯定句和疑问句中，用于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前。2.too用于肯定句的句尾。练习17：选出句中错误的一项，并在横线上改正。()Ilikepandas.Mysistertoolikespandas.__________ABC练习18：选词填空。Icanswim.Johncanswim_________(also/too).十四、with的用法1.“用……”，表示使用工具、手段等。2.“和……在一起”，表示伴随。3.“在……方面”。练习19：单项选择。()(1)Iplayed_______tabletennis________myfatheryesterday.A.the;andB./;withC./;and()(2)Icanhelpyou_______yourEnglish.A.aboutB.atC.with()(3)Hewrites_______apencil.A.withB.useC.on()(4)Canyoumakeasentence_______thenewword?A.toB.withC.for十五、some在疑问句中的用法some表示“一些”，它除了用于肯定句外，还能用于疑问句，它在疑问句中的用法如下：1.用于表达请求的疑问句。2.用于表示建议的疑问句。练习20：单项选择。()(1)—Wouldyoulike_______coffee?—Yes,please.A.aB.someC.any()(2)Shallwehave_______piesfordinner?A.aB.someC.any十六、常见标识语的句型结构标识语是提醒大家不要做某事的警示用语，意思是“不准……”“禁止……”或“请勿……”，多用于公共标牌或广告等。一些常见标识语的句型结构如下：1.No+动名词.2.No+名词复数.3.Don’t+动词原形.4.Be+形容词./名词./名词短语.练习21：用所给词的适当形式填空。(1)“No________”meanswecan’t________here.(litter)(2)Don’t________here.Thatsignmeans“No________”.(smoke)(3)Itmeans“No_________(swim)”.(4)Please________(not)litterhere.(5)Be________(care)!There’satigeroverthere.十七、询问标识的句型问句：Whatdoesthissign/thatsign/itmean?答语：Itmeans+含义.练习22：用所给词的适当形式填空。(1)—What________thatsign________(mean)?—It________(mean)youcan’t________(park)here.(2)What________thesesigns________(mean)?练习23：按要求完成句子。Itmeans“Nofishing”.(对画线部分提问)__________________it_________?十八、“keep+复合宾语”的用法keep表示“保持”，后面可以接复合宾语。“keep+sb./sth.+形容词”意指“保持某人或某物的某种状态”。练习24：根据中文提示补全句子。(1)我们能做些什么来保持我们的教室干净？________________wedoto________ourclassroom_______?(2)请保持窗户开着。Please________thewindow_______.十九、“make+复合宾语”的用法make表示“使……变得”时，后面常接复合宾语。“make+sb./sth.+形容词”意指“使……变得……”。练习25：单项选择。()(1)Smokefromcars________theair________.【易错题】A.make;cleanB.makes;dirtyC.making;dirty()(2)—What________theparkdirty?—Rubbishmakes________dirty.A.makes;itB.make;themC.makes;them二十、many,much,alotof,lotsof和alot的区别这几个词都表示“许多”，区别是：1.many后面接可数名词的复数形式。2.much后面接不可数名词。3.alotof和lotsof后面既可以接可数名词的复数形式，相当于many，也可以接不可数名词，相当于much。4.alot后面不能接名词，但可以用来修饰动词或名词，表示程度。练习26：单项选择。()(1)Samhas_______meat.Bobbyhas_______eggs.A.much;alotofB.many;alotC.many;alotof()(2)Youcanseealotof_______inthephoto.A.childB.childrenC.childs()(3)Atnight,weshouldn’teat_______.A.somanyB.somuchC.manyfood()(4)Billyusuallyeats_______.A.alotofB.lotsofC.alot练习27：用much或many填空。(1)Thereare________treesintheforest.(2)Pleasedon’tdrivetoo________.(3)Thereisnot________coaloroilonEarth.(4)Thereisnot________water.(5)In_______places,peopledon’thaveenoughwatertodrink.(6)Thereis_______milkinthebottle.(7)Don’tusetoo_______plastic.(8)Weshouldn’tusetoo________plasticbags.【易错题】二十一、use…to这个短语的意思是“使用……(做)……”时，to后面常接动词原形。典例4：Wecanusewood_________(make)tablesandchairs.解析：表示“使用……(做)……”常用短语“use…to…”。二十二、一般将来时：begoingtobegoingto是将来时的一种结构，它后面要接动词原形，用来表示按计划或安排要发生的动作，有“准备；打算”的意思。往往与表示将来的时间状语连用，如：tomorrow,nextweek等。1.肯定句：主语+begoingto+动词原形+其他.2.否定句：主语+benotgoingto+动词原形+其他.3.一般疑问句：Be+主语+goingto+动词原形+其他？4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+goingto+动词原形+其他？练习28：用所给词的适当形式填空。(1)LilyandLucy___________________(make)somecakestomorrow.(2)Tomorrow,he___________________(play)footballwithme.(3)What________(be)yougoingto________(buy)nextweek?(4)They_________(be)going________(watch)fireworkstogether.(5)It__________________(be)ChineseNewYearnextFriday.【易错题】(6)MrWang_______________(go)toHongKongnextmonth.【易错题】(7)—When_______you__________________(have)apicnic?—Tomorrow.练习29：按要求完成句子。(1)HeisgoingtoShanghainextweek.(对画线部分提问)__________________he_________nextweek?(2)I’mgoingtobuysomedeliciousfood.(改为一般疑问句)【易错题】_________________goingtobuy_________deliciousfood?(3)Sheoftenwatchesfilmsatweekends.(用nextweek改写)She__________________________________afilmnextweek.(4)Theyaregoingtowatchfireworks.(对画线部分提问)________________theygoingto_________?答案:典例1：chatted练习1：(1)lived(2)showed(3)studied(4)turned(5)walked(6)played典例2：flies练习2：by;everyday练习3：(1)were(2)was(3)wasn’t(4)was;is(5)stayed练习4：(1)listened(2)doctorswere练习5：(1)Whatanexciting(2)Whatbeautiful练习6：(1)rainy(2)sun;sunny(3)raining;rainy