广东省梅州市2020-2021学年高一下学期6月竞赛英语试题（原卷版）

高一英语竞赛题一、阅读（共两节共50分）第一节（每小题分，满分分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIfyoureallywanttoenjoywhatBermudahastooffer,cruising(乘船游览)thereisthewaytogo.Notonlyisitfun,itisalsoaffordable.It’sadvisabletocomeinsummer(MidMay-August).BOOKINGYOURCRUISEMosttouristsprefersmallcruiselinesthatdockindowntownHamilton.It’sanidealdestinationsinceit’srightonFrontStreet,fromwhereyoucaneasilygettoHamilton,thecapitalofBermuda,andotherpartsoftheisland.LargecruiselinesdockatRoyalNavyDockyard,whichisinconvenientlysituatedatthefarwesternendoftheIsland.TRANSPORTATIONGettingoffasmallcruise,youcaneasilygotoHamiltonandotherplacesbybus.FromRoyalNavyDockyard,youcantakeabus,ataxioraboat.Themostsavingwayoftravellingaroundisbybuyingaday’spass.Youwillenjoyunlimitedtransportationservicesusinganypublicmeans.ATTRACTIONSTheBermudaCaves(洞穴)Thisisapopularattractionthatyouhavetotour.Anyonewholovestoexplorecaveswilldefinitelyenjoythisplace.You’dbetterwearsportsshoesassomecavesareabitwetandslippery.BeachesofBermudaYourtriptoBermudaissurelyincompletewithoutspendingsometimeattheamazingpink-sandbeaches.TryTobaccoBayandHorseshoeBay,whicharesuitableforfamilyvisits.Bermudaistheworld’smostfamousshipwreck(沉船)site.Ifyou’reagooddiver,therearetoomanyshipwreckswaitingtobediscovered.SeaGlassIfyouwanttopasstimedoingsomethingforfun,headstraighttotheAlexanderbatterybeachtocollectlotsofseaglass.1.WhenisthebesttimetocruiseBermuda?A.April. B.July. C.October. D.November.2.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestatouristdo?A.Buyaday’spasstotravelaroundtheisland.B.BookasmallshipatRoyalNavyDockyard.CKeepawayfromthecrowdedbeaches.D.CollectseaglassatHorseshoeBay.3.Whatismostlikelytobeanadventurer’sdreamaboutBermuda?A.Exploringthefareasternendoftheisland.B.Takingabustovisitthecapitalcity.C.Divingtodiscoversunkenships.D.WalkingintheBermudaCaves.BImagineacatthatdoesnotneedsomeonetocleanupafteritkeepsanolderpeoplecompanyandhelpsthemremembertotaketheirmedicine.ThatistheshareddreamofthetoymakerHasbroandscientistsatBrownUniversityinProvidenceRhodeIsland.Theresearchersreceiveda$3-million-dollarfromtheNationalScienceFoundationforaspecialproject.Theywanttofindwaystoaddartificialintelligence,orAI,toHasbro’s“JoyforAll”roboticcat.Thecathasalreadybeenforsalefortwoyears.Thoughpricedatover1,000dollars,itsoldquitewell.Itwasmeanttoactasa“companion”(陪伴)forolderpeople.Nowtheprojectisaimedatdevelopingadditionalabilitiesforthecat.Researchersareworkingtodecidewhichactivitiesolderadultsmayneedthemost.Theyhopetomakethecatperformasmallnumberofactivitiesverywell.Suchactivitiesincludefindinglostobjectsandremindingtheolderpeopletotakemedicineorvisittheirdoctor.Theyalsowanttokeepthecostdowntojustafewhundreddollars.Itisanideathathasappealed(有吸引力)toJeanneElliott.Her93-year-oldmotherMaryDerrliveswithherinSouthKingstown.Derrhasdementia(痴呆).TheJoyforAllcatthatElliotboughtthisyearhasbecomeatruecompanionforDerr.ThecatstayswithDerrandkeepsherrelaxedwhileElliottisatwork.Elliotsaidaroboticcatthathelpshermothertoremembertotakehermedicineandbecarefulwhenshewalkswouldbegreater.Theresearchersaretryingtolearnhowtheimprovedcatswillcompletehelpfulactivitiesandhowtheywillcommunicate.Theysaythattheydonotwantatalkingcat,however.Insteadtheyaretryingtodesignacatthatcanmoveitsheadinaspecialwaytosuccessfullycommunicateitsmessage.Intheend,theyhopetocreateanexchangebetweenthehumanandthecatinwhichthehumanfeelsthecatneedsthem.Bydoingso,theresearchershopetheycanevenhelppreventfeelingsoflonelinessandsadnessamongelderlypeople.4.What’sthepurposeoftheproject?A.Toreducethepainoftheelderly.B.Toincreasethesalesofamedicine.C.Tohelpmaketheroboticcatsmarter.D.Toinventaroboticcatfortheelderly.5.Whatcanweknowaboutthecat?A.Itwillbeonsaleintwoyears.B.Itmaybecheaperinthefuture.C.Itsabilitieswillbemadesimplerfortheelderly.D.Itcantelltheactivitiesthatolderadultsneedthemost.6.WhatdoestheexampleinParagraph3show?A.Thecatgivesmuchhelptotheelderly.B.Thecatworkswelltotalkwiththepatient.C.Thecatcanmakethedementiapatientlesspainful.D.Thecatshouldbedesignedtosatisfypatients’need.7.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Eachfamilycanaffordsuchacatinthefuture.B.Atalkingcatisquitepopularamongtheelderly.C.Feelingsofsadnessamongtheelderlyareunavoidable.D.Thefeelingofbeingneededisimportanttotheelderly.CHelpHermitCrabsHermitcrabsarenature’srecyclers.Theyeatwasteandhelpkeepoceansandshoresclean.Unlikeothercrabs,thehermitcrabhasathinoutershelloveritssofttail.Thismakesthehermitcrabeasypreyforhungrypredators.Hermitcrabsstaysafebylivinginoldseashells.Ahermitcrabispicky;ittriesonmanyshellsuntilitfindsonethatfitsjustright.Inrecentyears,however,manyhermitcrabshavehadtroublefindingtheirperfecthomes.WhatistheproblemsTherearenotenoughshellstogoaround!Onereasonfortheseashellshortageisthatoceanwaterisnotascleanasitoncewas.Thishascausedchemicalchangestoseawater.Someseaanimals,likesnails,areaffectedbythesechanges.Nowtherearefewersnailsmakingshells.Peoplevisitingthebeachoftentakeshellshomeassouvenirs.Thisisanotherproblem.Otherpeopleeventakeshellsfortheirownpethermitcrabs!Theydonotrealizethathermitcrabsinthewildneedthoseshellstoo.Nowpeopleareworkingtosolvethishermitcrabhousingshortage.Theyareteachingbeach-Boerstoleaveseashellswheretheybelong—attheseashore!Somepeopleevenmakefakeseashellsthattheyhopethehermitcrabswilllike.Forexample,agroupcalledProjectShelterinvitedpeoplewhovisitedtheirwebsitetocreatedifferentdesignsforhermitcrabshells.Thesedesignershadalottoconsider.Whatkindofmaterialshouldbeusedtobuildaseashells.Thematerialmustbelightenoughforthehermitcrabtocarry,butstrongenoughtoprotectthecrabfrompredators.Theman-madeshellscouldnotcontainglueoranyothersubstancethatmightharmahermitcrab.Anotherchallengewithbuildingahermitcrabhomewastheopeningtotheshell.Toobigwouldmeanthecrabwouldnotfeelsafe.Toosmallwouldbeuncomfortable,andthecrabwouldnotwanttomovein.TheProjectSheltershellsareplacedinthewildforhermitcrabstofind.Luckyhermitcrabscanmoveintothesenewdreamhomes.8.Wherecanhermitcrabsstaysafe?A.Indifferentoldseashells. B.Behindthewastethey’lleat.C.Intheirownthinoutershells. D.Underthestonesattheseashore.9.Accordingtothepassage,whatshouldbeputinthewebs?A.Themethodstorecyclethewastes. B.Thewaystohelpthehermitcrabs.C.Thematerialsofseashells. D.Thedesignsofwebsites.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fake”inPara.3mean?A.man-made B.perfect C.hard D.comfortable11.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.TheProjectShelterGroup. B.Theshortageoftheseashell.CNewhomesforhermitcrabs. D.Therecyclersofthenature.DLearningasecondlanguageistoughatanyage.Now,inanewstudy,scientisthavefoundouttheexactageafterwhichyourchancesofreachingfluency（流利）inasecondlanguageseemtoplummet:10.ThestudypublishedinthejournalCognition,foundthatit's"nearlyimpossible"forlanguagelearnerstoreachnative-level（母语水平）fluencyiftheystartlearningasecondlanguageafterage10."Itturnsoutyou'restilllearningfast,"saysstudyco-authorJoshuaHartshorne."It'sjustthatyourunoutoftime,becauseyourabilitytolearnstartsdroppingataround17or18yearsold,"Peoplewhostartafewyearsafterage10maystillbecomequitegoodatalanguage,theauthorssay,buttheyareunlikelytobecomefluent.Kidsmaybebetterthanadultsatlearningnewlanguagesformanyreasons.Children'sbrainsaremoreplasticthanthoseofadults,meaningthey'rebetterabletoadaptandrespondtonewinformation.Kidsmayalsobemorewillingtotrynewthingsthanadultsare.Theircomparativelynewunderstandingoftheirnativelanguagemayalsobeadvantageous.Thesefindingsmayseemdiscouraging,butitwasinspiringforscientiststolearnthatthekeyperiodforfluentlanguagelearningmightbelongerthanpreviouslythought.Somescientistsbelievedthatthewindowbeginstocloseshortlyafterbirth,whileothersmadeitlongertoveryearlychildhood.Comparedwiththosejudgments-age17or18—whenlanguagelearningabilitystarttodropoff—seemsrelativelyold.Forthisstudy,theresearcherscreatedanonlinetestpromisingtoguesspeople'snativelanguageandhomecountrybasedontheirresponsestoEnglishgrammarquestions.Almost670,000peopletookit,givingtheresearchershugeamountsofdatafromEnglishspeakersofmanyagesandbackgrounds.Examiningtheresponsesandgrammarmistakesallowedthemtomadeunusuallyexactjudgmentsaboutlanguagelearning.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"plummet"inparagraph1mean?A.Dropsharply. B.Increasegreatly.C.Appeargradually. D.Doublesuddenly.13.Whatcanwelearnfromthestudy?A.Adultstendtoperformbadlyinlearningasecondlanguage.B.Childrenareatanadvantageinacquiringanewlanguage.C.Allthesenewfindingsarequitediscouragingforscientists.D.Peoplehavedifferentkeyperiodsformasteringalanguage.14.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlyfocuson?A.Thepurposeofthestudy. B.Thefindingsofthestudy.C.Thesubjectofthestudy. D.Theprocessofthestudy.15.What'sthebesttitleofthetext?A.KidsAreBetteratLearningNewLanguagesB.AdultsCan'tLearnaSecondLanguageWellC.NeverSayDieWhenLearningaNewLanguageD.BettertoLearnaNewLanguageBeforeAge10第二节（每小题分，满分分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoStrengthenTeethNaturally___16___Youcanworkonstrengtheningyourteethbygettingtherightvitaminsandmineralsinyourdiet.Youcanalsoprotectyourteeththroughhealthyhabits.Inaddition,avoidingcertainfoodsandhabitscanhelpstrengthenyourteeth.♦Gettherightnutrients（营养）Makesureyou'regetting1,000to1,200mgofcalcium（钙）aday.Youprobablyknowcalciumhelpskeepyourbonesstrong.___17___Eatingcertainamountofcalciuminyourdieteverydaywillhelpincreasethestrengthofyourteeth.♦___18___Aimtoeatawidevarietyoffruitsandvegetablesinyourweeklydiet.Tryselectingavarietyofcolorswhenchoosingyourproduceasthatensuresyou'llbegettingawidevarietyofvitamins.Fillyourplateuphalfwaywithfruitsandvegetablesateverymealandthenfilltherestofyourplatewithsomeproteinandwholegrains.♦BrushyourteethtwiceadayTobrushwell,holdyourtoothbrushata45°Cangletoyourteeth.Brushallthesurfacesofyourteethgentlyandtrytobrushforatleast2minutes.___19___♦VisityourdentistregularlyVisityourdentistatleastonceayearforx-raysandcleaning.___20___Ifyoustarttogetabuildupofplaque（牙菌斑），whichcanweakenteeth,thedentistcanremoveitforyouintime.♦QuitsmokingYouprobablyareawarethatsmokingcauseslungcancerandotherhealthproblems.Inaddition,itcanalsoweakenbonetissue,includingyourteeth.Ifyou'vebeenthinkingaboutquitting,nowmaybethetime.A.EatabalanceddietB.HaveavarietyofvegetablesC.Thesameistrueforyourteeth.D.Setatimertohelpyoubrushlonger!E.Strongteethareimportantforahealthymouth!F.Thesevisitshelpfindproblemsbeforetheybegin.G.VitaminDhelpsyourbodyabsorbcalciumproperly.二、语言运用（共两节）第一节（每小题15分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ibelieveeventhesmartestpeoplehavetoworkhardtoachievesuccess.Peoplemakethemselvesintowinnersbytheirown___21___.Manyyearsago,Itookthehead___22___jobataschoolinBaxley,Georgia.Itwasatraditionfortheschool'soldteamtoplayagainstthe___23___teamattheendofspringpractice.Theoldteamhadnocoach,andtheydidn'tevenpracticeto___24___thegame,buttomydisappointmentweweredefeated.Thinkinghardaboutit,Icameto___25___thatIhadtochangemy___26___towardstheirabilityandpotential.IstarteddoinganythingIcouldtohelpthembuildalittle___27___.Mostimportantly,Ibegantotreatthemlike___28___.Thatsummervacation,wemeteverydayand___29___passingandkickingthefootball.Sixmonthsafterourdefeat,wewonourfirstgameandoursecond,andcontinuedto____30____.Finally,wefacedthenumberoneteaminGeorgia.Ifeltthatitwouldbea____31____forusevenifwelostthegame.Butmyboysbeatthem,givingmethegreatest____32____ofmylife!FromtheexperienceIlearntalotabouthowtheattitudeoftheleadercan____33____themembersofateam.Insteadofseeingmyboysaslosers,Ipushedand____34____them.Ihelpedthemtoseethemselves____35____,andtheybuiltthemselvesintowinners.Winnersaremade,notborn.21.A.tests B.luck C.efforts D.nature22.A.operating B.editing C.consulting D.coaching23.A.new B.excellent C.strong D.successful24.A.cheerfor B.preparefor C.helpwith D.finishwith25.A.realize B.claim C.permit D.demand26.A.decision B.attitude C.conclusion D.intention27.A.pride B.culture C.fortune D.relationship28.A.leaders B.partners C.winners D.learners29.A.risked B.missed C.considered D.practiced30.A.expand B.improve C.relax D.defend31.A.shame B.burden C.victory D.favor32.A.chance B.joy C.concern D.offer33.A.surprise B.relate C.interest D.affect34.A.encouraged B.observed C.protected D.impressed35.A.naturally B.individually C.calmly D.differently第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Musicisoneofthemost___36___(power)thingsinmylife.Listeningtomusiccanhelptomotivatemeintryingtime.Whenyounger,I___37___(have)nogreatloveformusicasIdonow.Imainlylistenedtothemusic___38___myparentswereplaying.WhetherIwasinthecar,thehouse,___39___anywhereelse,therewassuretobesomeBeatles,orBuddyHollyconstantlyplayinginthebackground.NowasIamolder,Ienjoyitforthereasonthatitallowsmetoremembermychildhood.Ibelievemusichasthepower___40___(express)allsortsofemotions.Thesong“ALittleBitLonger”JonasBrothersis___41___anemotionalandinspiringsongthatwhenhearit,Ialwayscomecloseto___42___(drop)downtears,especiallywhenIwatchitbeingplayedlive.The