中考英语专项突破-阅读理解、任务型阅读

中考英语专项突破---阅读理解、任务型阅读一、阅读理解1.Trafficlightsarered,yellowandgreen.Theyareveryimportantsignals(信号).Trafficlightsareusuallyplacedatbusystreetcornerstohelpcontroltraffic.Sometimes,theyareonstreetsnearschoolsandshops,too.Mostyoungchildrenaretaughtwhateachofthecolouredlightsmeans,soeverybodycanstaysafe.

Thefirsttrafficsignalswereusedfortrains.Thesignalswereputalongsiderailwaytracks(轨道).Thecolourredwasusedtomean"stop"becauseitwarnedpeopleofdanger.Aredlightwasalsotheeasiestcolourtoseefromadistance.Traindriverscouldseethered"stop"lightaheadandhadenoughtimetoslowdownandstoptheirtrains.Agreenlightwasusedtomean"takecare"andawhitelightmeant"go".

However,thereweremanydangerousaccidentsonthetraintracks.Sometraindriversthoughtastarshininginthenightskywasawhitelightthatmeant"go".Sothesignalswereswapped.The"go"lightwaschangedtogreenandthe"takecare"lightwaschangedtowhite.

Duringthesetimes,peopletravelledbytrainorincartspulledbyhorses.Yearslater,whencarswerebuilt,peoplebegantodrivethembecausetheycouldtravelmuchfasterthanhorses.However,theroadrulesfordriverswerenotveryclearandmanypeoplewerehurtcrossingtheroads.Yellowwarningsignshadtobeplacedbesidetheroadstoreminddriverstotakecareandallowpeopletocrosssafely.

Today,townsandcitiesallovertheworldhavetrafficlights.Redandgreenlightsmatchthesignalsusedontherailways.Yellowlightsareeasytosee,sotheyareusedtowarndriversthattheyshouldslowclownandpreparetostop.1.Whywasthecolorredusedtomean"stop"?A.Itremindedpeopleoftrafficrules. B.Ithelpedtrainsrunsmoothly.C.Itgavepeopleawarningofdanger. D.Itwasthefirstcolorpeoplethoughtof.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"swapped"inParagraph3mean?A.designed B.exchanged C.suggested D.compared3.Inwhichorderdidthe"takecare"lightdevelop?a.Awhitelight.b.Agreenlight.c.Ayellowlight.A.a-c-b B.b-c-a C.a-bc D.b-a-c4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Theadvantagesoftrafficlights. B.Thehistoryoftrafficlights.C.Theimportanceoftrafficlights. D.Themeaningsoftrafficlights.2.Gesture(手势)cultureIwastakingaphotoofmyChinesefriend.Suddenlysheputtwofiguresupatme."Whyareyoudoingthat?"Ishouted.IttookalongtimebeforesherealizedwhyIwasupset.Showingsomeonetwofingersmeans"cheese"tothecamera.ItisnotharmfulinChina,butinfactitisveryrudeintheUK.Languagedifferencemaynotononlycomefromgrammarandsounds,becauseitmeansgesturestoo.Perhapsyoushouldknowthatwavingonehandacrossyourfacemeans"youarecrazy"inGermany.However,tappingonefingeronthesideofyourheadshowsthesamemeaningintheUK.Ifyoudon'tunderstandthemeaningsofthegesturesclearlyindifferentcountries,youmaymakebigmistakes!TheideaofgesturemistranslationissocommonthattheHSBCevenuseditinanadvertisement.AmantravelsaroundSouthAmerica.Heusesthesignofathumbandaforefingermadeintoacircletomean"that'sOK".Soeveryonelooksexcitedandsmilesback.ThenheshowsthesamegesturetoamaninBrazil,andeveryonefallssilent,becausethisissorudetoaman.Therefore,understandingdifferentculturesandgesturescanhelpyouavoidmanymistakesindailylife.1.Showingsomeonetwofingersis________intheUK.A.rude B.excited C.polite D.Funny2.Accordingtothepassage,languagedifferenceincludesgrammar,soundsand________.A.feelings B.moods C.gestures D.Ideas3.WhatdoestappingonefingeronthesideofyourheadmeanintheUK?A.Youarecrazy. B.That'sOK. C.You'renude. D.Itisharmful.4.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.Thesamegesturehasdifferentmeaningsindifferentcultures.B.Differentcountrieshavedifferentcustoms.C.Thetraditionofgesturelanguages.D.Theunderstandingofgesturelanguages.

3.InBritain,somepeoplesaytheywilldoanythingifafamouspersontheyloveasksthemto.OneinthreepeopleinBritainhaveanewkindofdisease—theyloveafamouspersontoomuch.

SomepeoplelovefamousstarslikeBritneySpears,DavidBeckhamorevenTonyBlair.Itisnotjusttheyoung,grown-upshavethesameproblem.Oneinfourpeoplearesointerestedintheirheroesthatitaffectstheirlife.

Therearetwowaysofworshippingfamouspeople.Onewayisjusttofollowthemortalkaboutthemwithfriendsforfun.Theotherisamoreseriousway.Peoplehaveverystrongfeelingsforthemandthinktheyaretheirfriends.Peoplewhodosoforfunarefoundtobehappier.Butthosewhohavestrongfeelingsforafamouspersonareperhapstofeelmorelonelyandworried.

"Worshippingfamouspeopleisnotcertainlyabadthing,"Dr.John,anexpertsaid."Butlikemanythings,overdoingitmaynotalwaysbegoodforyou."1.FromParagraph1,weknow_____.A.

theyarefriendsofthefamouspeopleB.

somepeopleinBritainloveafamouspersontoomuchC.

theymustgotothehospitalD.

famouspeoplecanpaythemalotofmoney2.HowmanypeopleinBritainhavegotthiskindofdisease?A.Aboutonethird. B.Aboutaquarter.C.Morethanhalf. D.Justtwoorthree.3.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofthetwowaysofworshippingfamouspeople?A.

Neitherofthemisgood.B.

Bothofthemaregood.C.

Thefirstoneisbetter.D.Thesecondoneisbetter.4.Peoplewhohavestrongfeelingsforafamouspersonoftenfeelworriedbecause_____.A.

theycannotbecomefamousthemselvesB.

theythinkthefamouspersonmaybeintroubleC.

theyareafraidthefamouspersonmaynotlikethemD.

theycangetsomethinginreturnfromthefamousperson5.Thepassagetellsus_____.A.

wemustn'tworshipanybodyB.

worshippingoffamouspeopleisagoodthingC.

famouspeoplearenotalwaysfriendlytousD.

anythingoverdonemaybringsometrouble4.Michealwasagoodboy.Hewashard-workingbutshy,sohehadnofriendsatschool.Jameswasanewstudentinhisclass.OtherstudentssoongotonwellwithhimexceptMicheal.

Oneday,someboysputsomemoneyintoMicheal'sbagandoneofthempretended(假装)tohavelosthismoney.Ofcourse,theyfoundthemoneyinMicheal'sbagatlast.

Michealfeltitshameful,buthecouldnotsayanythingaboutit.Soonhisclassmatescalledhimathiefandlaughedathimatschool.Histeachersalsobelievedhestolethemoneyandcalledhisparentstotheschool.Justthen,JamesstoodoutandhelpedMichealmakeeverythingclear.

Fromthatdayon,MichealandJamesbecamegoodfriends.JamesoftentookMichealtotakepartinactivitiesandMichealbecameactive.MichealoftenhelpedJameswithhismath.ThenMichealgotmorefriends,andheevenbecamethemonitorinhisclass.1.Michealhadnofriendsatschoolbecause

.A.hewasanewstudent B.hecouldn'tgetonwellwithJamesC.hewasshy D.heworkedveryhard2.Theunderlinedword"shameful"means

"

"inChinese.A.害怕的 B.高兴的 C.伤心的 D.可耻的3.Atlast,Micheal'sclassmatesknewMichealwasnotathiefwiththehelpof

.A.James B.someboys C.histeacher D.hisparents4.Jamesmaynotbegoodat

.A.music B.math C.science D.English5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.TheclassmateswereangrywithJames.B.Michealwasstillveryshy.C.Jameswasagoodmonitor.D.Finally,Michealcouldgetonwellwithhisclassmates.

5.FrankandhisbrotherJacklivedneartheocean.FrankwasoutgoingwhileJackwasshy.Theylikeddoingdifferentthings.Frankwasfamousfororganizinggamesofbeachvolleyball,football,andanyothersportimaginable.Jackpreferredtodraw,paint,orbuildsandcastles(沙堡).

Frankdidn'tunderstandwhyJackwouldratherdoartisticthingsthanplayballgames.Hebelievedsportsoftenallowedmanykidstoplaytogether.ThatwaswhenJack'sideahatched.HewouldshowFrankwhatdoingthingstogetherlookedlike!

AfterJackfinishedcreatingaspecialsandcastlewithstairs,towersandwalls,hetookpicturesofit.Thenhepaintedcolorfulpostersfeaturing(突出)hissandcastleandthequestion,"Canyoutopthis?"Hehunghisposterseverywhereintown,announcinghisplanforadayofsandcastleartistry—allageswelcome.

WhenFranksawaposter,henotsonicelytoldJackthatnoonewouldcome.Still,shortlyaftersunriseonSaturday,Jackwasonthebeachdigginginthesand.Bymid-moming,fourkidsweresculpting(雕塑)thesandalongsidehim.Bynoonthenumberhadincreasedalot.

AfterFrankcamebackfromhisballgame,hewenttocheckhowhisbrother'splanturnedout.Hecouldn'tbelievewhathesaw.Atleast30peoplewerebuildingacityofsandcastles,andeveryonewaschattingandlaughingandworkingtogether!Itwasthemostbeautifulthinghehadseenonthebeach.

"Iguessyou'veprovedmewrong,"Franksaid."Youshouldmakethissandcastledayayearlytradition!"HandingFrankashovel(铲子)withasmile,Jackgotstartedtogetherwithhisbrotherontheirsupercreationinthesand.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"hatched"inParagraph2probablymeaninChinese?A.产生 B.改变 C.消失 D.中断2.WhathelpedpeopleknowaboutJack'splan?A.Beautifultowers. B.Colorfulposters.C.Atownbuilding. D.Asandcastleday.3.WhenlearningaboutJack'splan,Frankwas_____.A.doubtful B.interested C.satisfied D.nervous4.WhatcanweknowaboutJack'sidea?A.

Itcamefromapicture.B.

Itneeded30people'ssupportC.

ItprovedFrankright.D.

Itdidworkwell.5.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesJack?A.Honest. B.Creative. C.Outgoing. D.Caring.6.Morethan1,000schoolsacrosstheUKhavesignedup(报名)toaprojectwiththeaimofhelpingschoolsbecomecarbonneutral(碳平衡的)by2030.Carbonneutralmeanscuttingdowncarbonemissions(碳排放)tozeroorbalancingthemoutinotherways.Carbonemissionsaregasessuchascarbondioxide(CO2)thatcomeoutintotheatmosphere,wheretheymakeclimatechangeworse.Thishasalsocausedthetemperaturerise.Emissionsarecausedbyallsortsofhumanactivities,suchasburningfossilfuels(coal,oilandgas)tomakeenergy,cuttingdownforestsandsometypesoffarming.Becomingcarbonneutralincludescuttingtheamountofcarbonemissionsaschoolproducesandbalancingthosethatareleftbytakingsomecarbonoutoftheatmosphere.Theprojectalsoshowshowsmallchangescanmakeabigdifference.Thesemightincludethinkingcarefullyaboutenergyuse,cuttingwaste,growingfoodclosertowhereit'seatenandwalkingorcyclingtoschoolifitispossible.WaysofbalancingoutthecarbonemissionsthataschoolstillmakesincludeplantingtreesandplantsthattakeinCO2astheygrow.YsgolBroDinefwrSecondarySchoolinWaleshaspromisedtorunentirelyonrenewable(可再生的)energy(suchaswindandsolarpower)withinthenextthreeyears.AtDownHighSchoolinNorthernIreland,thestudentsarelookingaftertheirownbees.Sowhenflowersandcropsproducefood,thathelps.Otherschoolshaveprojectstocutfoodwastebyweighingitaftereachmealtoknowhowmuchisnotbeingeaten.Someputthewasteintoasystemthatcanturnthiswasteintousefulthings.Theywillbeputonthegardentohelpplantsgrow.Climatechangeisseenasamajorglobalchallenge.Wecanseeitallaroundus.Sojointogether,findoutwaysyourschoolcanputeffortsto,andtalktoateacheraboutsigningup.1.Whichstatementwouldtheauthormostprobablyagreewith?A.Humanactivitiesinfluencetheenvironment.B.Thefightagainstclimatechangewillnotsucceed.C.MoreUKschoolsshouldbeintroducedtotheworld.D.Wecoulddealwiththeclimatechangewithoutchangingourbehavior.2.Howcouldtheschoolsreducecarbonemissions?A.Bymovingtothecountryside. B.Bycuttingwasteandplantingtrees.C.Byprovidingmorespacesforstudents. D.Byburningcoalinsteadofgastomakeenergy.3.Whydoestheauthorgiveexamplesoftheschoolsinparagraph4?A.Topraisetheseschools. B.Toshowthedifficultiesintheproject.C.Tocallformoreschoolstotakeaction. D.Toexplaintheeffortsmadebythegovernment.4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowtoHelpPlantsGrow B.SchoolsSignUptoHelpthePlanetC.CarbonEmissionsintheUKSchools D.OurPlanet,aWonderfulLivingPlace二、任务型阅读1.Melbourneisfamousforacceptingdifferentcultures.Peoplefromdifferentcountriessharetheirculturesinthiscity.DuringLanternFestival,therewasahugecelebrationintheChinesecommunity.AsIarrivedthere,agreatnumberofstalls(摊位)hadopened.Toattractpeople'sattention,lotsofstallownersofferfreeservicestothepublic.Forexample,acompanytookoldpeople'sbloodpressureforfreeandgavetipstokeepfit.Sotherewasalongqueueinfrontofthestall.Andsomeotherownersheldactivitieslikealottery(彩票)andprizestoattractpeople.ButthemostimportantpartofaChinesecelebrationisthefood.Ifoundalmosteverytypeoffood,suchasspringrolls,sweetpotatoesandlambskewers(羊肉串).Lotsofpeopleenjoyedthetastyfood.Besidesthefood,thereweremanywonderfulshowsonthestage.BandssangtraditionalChinesesongs,itneverfeltstrangetome.Atmidnight,dragonandliondancingbegan.Dancerscontrolledthedragonsandlionstojumpupanddownandfollowtheballaheadofthem.Thecrowdcheeredandrushedtotakephotos.Suddenly,someonesetofffirecrackers(鞭炮).WhatanamazingLanternFestival!It'sverydifferenttoexperienceChineseLanternFestivalabroad.However,thefestivalcarriedChinesepeople'slovebacktotheirfamiliesandhometown.Itisoneofthemostwell-knownfestivalsintheworld.根据短文内容，回答下列问题。1.WhendidpeoplehavethehugecelebrationinMelbourne?2.Howdomanystallownersattractpeople'sattention?3.WhatisthemostimportantpartoftheChinesecelebration?4.Whatcouldpeopleseebesidesthefood?5.WhatdoesthewriterthinkoftheChineseLanternFestivalabroad?2.IfyouwanttotrulyseeandexperiencetheGreatWall,notjustcheckitoffthesightseeinglist.Thisisthebestwaytodoit.Tim,yourFrench-English-Chinese-German-Italianspeakingguide,speakswithyoubeforehand(提前)togetagoodunderstandingofwhatyou'dliketodoandthenplansthehikecarefully.Asforus,wespokefor20minutesthroughSkypebeforemytripandthehike,andthenheadvisedustostartfromthebottomofthestairwaytotheMutianyusection,withanovernightonthewall.Itwasperfect!TheGreatWallisamazing,thesightsaroundthemountainarefantasticandthehikeitselfwasabitdifficult.TimknowsalotabouttheGreatWall'shistory,constructiondetailsandChina.Heisanexperiencedhiker,soIfeltIwasverylucky.TimhasalsolivedinBeijingforseveralyears,sohewasabletogivesomegreatsuggestionsonfood,sights,etc.fortherestofmystay.ThiswasexactlythewayIhadhopedtoseetheGreatWallforthefirsttime.Nocrowdsoftourists.Nooneaskedmetobuythingsorfood.Nobiggrouptour.JustafewpeoplewentforawalkalongtheGreatWallofChina.Perfect!根据短文内容，回答下列问题。1.HowmanylanguagescanTimspeakasaguide?2.Wheredidtheguideadvisethevisitorstospendthenight?3.WhatdoesthewriterthinkofTimaccordingtothepassage?4.HowdidthewriterhopetovisittheGreatWall?5.What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?3."Justbecauseyoucan'tseesomething,thatdoesn'tmeanit'snotthere."ThisoldsayingisquitemeaningfulforBritishsculptor(雕刻家)WillardTheitemshecreatesaresosmallthatmostofthemfitontheheadofapin.Youcanseethemclearlyonlythroughamicroscope(显微镜).Manypeoplewanttoownhisartpieces.He'sbeenhonouredbytheQueenofEnglandforhisgreatartachievements.Ateveryoneofhisexhibitions,thequestionisalwaysthesame:Howdoeshedoit?Theanswerisvery,verycarefully.Socarefully,infact,thatheactuallyslowshisbreathingdownandworksinbetweenbreaths.Willardusuallyworksunderamicroscopeusingspecialtoolsthathecreates.Topainthisworks,heusesthehairfromaflyasapaintbrush.Creatingthesedetailedworksisaverylonganddifficultprocess,anditisn'talwaysenjoyable."ItisaterribledreamwhenIstartbutanicedreamwhenIfinish,"hesays.Asingleitemcantakeatleastseveralweekstocomplete.PeoplehaveaskedWillardwhyhechosetodosomethingthatneededeffortandtooktime.Hisinterestincreatingsmallthingsbeganwhenhewasfive.Hestartedcreatinghousesandplaygroundsforants.Willardwasnotastrongstudent.Hehaddifficultyinreadingandspellingwords.Somekidsusedtocallhimaloser.Thismadehimfeelsmall,sofocusingonlittlethingshelpedhimtofeelbig.Thesmallerhisworkgot,thebiggerhefelt.Anewspaperreportersaid,"Willardhasshowntheworldthatheisspecial.Though_____,he_____."1.AreWillard'sartpiecesbigorsmallinsize?2.WhenpeoplevisitWillard'sexhibitions,whatquestiondotheyalwaysask?3.WhatdoesWillardusetomakeapaintbrush?4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inparagraph4referto?5.WhydidWillardchoosetodosomethingthatneededeffortandtooktime?6.Whatcanbefilledintheblanksinthelastparagraph?4.Roadaccidentskeephappeningineverycity,oneveryroadandatanytime.Trafficrulesaremadetokeeporderontheroad.Theycanalsohelptokeepthepedestrians(行人)safe.Thepedestrianhasasmanyrulestofollowasthedriverofacar.Youshouldwalkonthesidewalkorattheedgeoftheroad.Alwayslookcarefullybeforeyouwalkacrossthestreet.Ifyourideabike,don'trideinthemiddleoftheroadorlookaroundtotalk.Ifyoudrive,youshouldslowdownatthetrafficlights.Youmustalwayswearaseatbelt(安全带).Withoutthebelts,boththedriverandthepassengersmaybebadlyhurtinasuddenaccident.TrafficrulesarealsocalledRoadSafetyRules.Themaxim(格言)forallroadusersis"Thinkingaboutothers."根据短文内容，回答下列问题。1.Whydopeoplemaketrafficrules?

2.Doesapedestrianhavemanyrulestofollow?

3.Ifyourideabikeontheroad,whatshouldyounotdoaccordingtothepassage?

4.Whatwillhappenifyoudon'twearaseatbeltwhenyoudrive?

5.What'stherealmeaningofthemaxim"Thinkingaboutothers."?5.Manymanyyearsago,firesweremadefromlightening.Butpeoplehadtokeepthefireburning.Becausetheyweren'tabletostartitagainwithoutlightening.Later,peoplediscoveredthattwopiecesofstonehittingtogethercouldmakeaspark(火花)anditcouldfiredryleaves.Theycouldmakefireagainwhenthefirewentout.Beforelong,peoplelearnedtomakeafirebyrubbing(摩擦),too.Aholewasmadeinapieceofwoodandasmallerstickwasputintoit.Theyturnedthestickagainandagain.Afterawhiletheygotfire.Astimewentby,peoplelearnedotherwaystomakeafire.Att