2023年考研考博-考博英语-沈阳药科大学考试历年高频考点真题荟萃带答案

2023年考研考博-考博英语-沈阳药科大学考试历年高频考点真题荟萃带答案第1卷一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题Inmostcountries,thelawonorgantransplantationispoorlydefined.Theexistingframework__1__tophysicalassaultandcareofthedeadhasno__2__fororgantransplantation.Itis__3__togetthepermissionoftherelatives,__4__becauseorgan__5__musttakeplaceimmediatelyafterdeath,itmaybeimpossibletoreachtherelatives__6__time.Ithasbeensuggestedthatthereshouldbeawidespreadcampaigntoencouragepersonsto__7__intheirwillsthattheirorgansbeusedfortransplantation.An__8__istoprovidebylawthatpermissionis__9__unlessremovalhasbeenforbiddenbytheindividualinhislifetime.Itis,ofcourse,importantthatthere__10__publicreassurancethatconsiderationoftransplantationwouldnot__11__normalresuscitativeeffortsofthe__12__donor.Transplantationhasobviously__13__importantethicalconsiderations__14__thediagnosisofdeath.Everyeffortmustbemadeto__15__theheartbeattosomeonewhohashadasuddencardiacarrestor__16__tosomeonewhocannotbreathe.__17__,artificialrespirationandmassageoftheheart,thestandardmethodsofresuscitation,mustbecontinued__18__itisclearthatthebrainisdead.Mostphysiciansconsiderthat__19__thispointeffortsatresuscitationare__20__.问题1选项A.relatingB.associatedC.associatingD.related问题2选项A.descriptionB.provisionC.ruleD.statement问题3选项A.impossibleB.vitalC.ritualD.customary问题4选项A.andB.orC.butD.then问题5选项A.replacementB.transplantationC.removalD.burial问题6选项A.atB.inC.onD.within问题7选项A.sayB.provideC.supplyD.mention问题8选项A.alterationB.operationC.optionD.alternative问题9选项A.gainedB.acquiredC.assumedD.got问题10选项A.isB.beC.areD.wouldbe问题11选项A.impairB.repairC.harmD.hurt问题12选项A.futureB.tomorrowC.potentialD.possible问题13选项A.roseB.arousedC.aroseD.raised问题14选项A.concerningB.concernedC.relatingD.associating问题15选项A.giveB.restoreC.lendD.help问题16选项A.breathB.respiringC.breathingD.air问题17选项A.IncontrastB.InadditionC.ConsequentlyD.However问题18选项A.thatB.untilC.whenD.since问题19选项A.onB.inC.atD.beyond问题20选项A.promisingB.profitableC.uselessD.worthy2.单选题OuradvertisementsaysEnglishcompetenceisakeyrequirementofthisposition.Thenhowdoyouthinkyouarequalifiedforthis?问题1选项A.proficiencyB.graspC.efficiencyD.competition3.单选题Inordertocontrolanddefeatthedreadfuldiseasesthat____humanity,concertedactivityisnecessary.问题1选项A.infectB.eliminateC.incredulousD.plague4.单选题Youhavetopaya(n)premiumforexpressdelivery.问题1选项A.extratipB.extrabonusC.extrachargeD.extraprice5.单选题

Mr.TunickfiledsuitagainsttheNewYorkpolicedepartmentaftercityofficials____hisrequest.问题1选项A.turneddownB.turnedinC.turnedoffD.turnedout6.单选题BruceStephengrippedthe____wheelhardasthecarbouncedupanddown.问题1选项A.stirringB.drivingC.steeringD.revolving7.单选题Thatwasreallyadespicableactofterrorismandcowardlyattacksoninnocentciviliansbyholdingchildrenhostage.问题1选项A.honorableB.contemptibleC.notableD.recommendable8.单选题Lowinterestratescreatedeasycreditconditions,fuelingahousingconstructionboomandencouragingconsumption.问题1选项A.contaminatingB.extinguishingC.stimulatingD.transporting9.单选题Inmostpeople’smind,growthisassociatedwithprosperity.WejudgehowwelltheeconomyisdoingbythesizeoftheGrossNationalProduct(GNP),ameasure,supposedly,ofgrowth.Equallyaxiomatic,however,isthenotionthatincreasedpressureondwindlingnaturalresourcesmustinevitablyleadtoadeclineinprosperity,especiallywhenaccompaniedbyagrowthinpopulation.So,whichiscorrect:growthmeansprosperityandnogrowthmeansadversity,orgrowthmeansadversityandnogrowthmeans...what?Whatgrowthadvocatesmean,primarily,whentheysaygrowthisnecessaryforprosperityisthatgrowthisnecessaryforthesmoothfunctioningoftheeconomicsystem.InonearenatheargumentinfavorofgrowthisparticularlycompellingandthatiswithregardtotheThirdWorld.Toargueagainstgrowth,otherthanpopulationgrowth,inlightofThirdWorldpovertyanddegradationseemscallous,ifnotcruel,thepompouspostulatingofthecomfortableandthesecure.Butisit?Coulditbethatgrowth,especiallythegrowthofthewealthiercountries,hascontributedtotheimpoverishment,nottheadvancement,ofThirdWorldcountries?Ifnot,howdoweaccountforthedesperatestraitsthesecountriesfindthemselvesintodayafteracenturyofdedicationtogrowth?ToseehowthismightbethecasewemustlookattheimpactofgrowthonThirdWorldcountries-thereality,nottheabstractstages-of-economic-growthnostrumpropoundedthroughrose-coloredglassesbyacademiciansofthedevelopedworld.WhatgoodisgrowthtothepeopleoftheThirdWorldifitmeanstheconversionofpeasantfarmsintomechanizedagri-businessesproducingcommoditiesnotforlocalconsumptionbutforexport,ifitmeansthestrippingoftheirlandofitsmineralandarborealtreasurestothebenefitofforeigninvestorsandahandfuloftheirlocalcollaborators,ifitmeanstheassumptionofacrushingforeignindebtedness,theproceedsofwhichgoesnotintothedevelopmentofthecountrybutintothepurchaseofluxurycars,thepaddingofSwissbankaccounts,andthebuyingofcondominiumsinMiami?Admittedly,thisisanoversimplification,whichappliestonocountryinitsentiretyandtosomecountriesnotatall.Butthepoint,Ibelieve,remainsvalid;thatgrowthinunderdevelopedcountriescannotsimplybejudgedintheabstract;itmustbejudgedbasedonthetruenatureofgrowthinthesesocieties,onwhobenefitsandwhoisharmed,onwheregrowthisleadingthesepeopleandwhereithasleftthem.Whenconsideredinthisway,itjustmightbethatinthepresentcontextgrowthismoredetrimentaltothewell-beingofthewretchedoftheearththanbeneficial.So,doweneedgrowthforprosperity?Onlytheadoptionofzerogrowthcanprovidetheanswer.Butthatisatestnoteasilyundertaken.Moderneconomiesareincrediblycomplexphenomena,atributetoman’sabilitytoorganizeandachallengetohisabilitytounderstanding.Anythingthataffectstheirfunctioning,suchasapolicyofzerogrowth,shouldnotbeproposedwithoutawaryprudenceandaself-doubtinghumility.Butiftheprospectofleapingintotheeconomicunknownisfear-inspiring,equallysoistheprospectoflettingthatfearpreventusfromactingwhenthefailuretoactcouldmeanuntoldmiseryforfuturegenerationsandperhapsenvironmentalcatastropheswhichthreatenourveryexistence.11.Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoestheauthorsupport?12.ItisimpliedinParagraphs2and3that____.13.WithregardtotheeconomicdevelopmentinThirdWorldcountriestheauthorisactuallysayingthat____.14.Theauthorseemstobelievethatprosperity____.15.Theansweroftheauthortothequestion“Doweneedgrowthforprosperity”is____.问题1选项A.GrossNationalProductisasafemeasureforeconomicgrowth.B.Growthinpopulationwillbeachiefthreattoeconomicprosperity.C.Adeclineinprosperitywillinevitablyleadtoagrowthinpopulation.D.Diminishingnaturalresourceswillproveharmfultothewell-beingofhumanity.问题2选项A.thesmoothfunctioningoftheeconomicsystemisdependentonsustainedprosperityB.economicgrowthhasnotcontributedtothepovertyoftheThirdWorldcountriesC.growthinrichercountriesisachievedattheexpenseoftheThirdWorldcountriesD.thestagesofeconomicgrowthcannotbesupersededormodifiedbysocialmechanisms问题3选项A.thepeopleinthesecountrieshavenotactuallybenefitedfromitB.inadequateinvestmenthasseriouslyaffectedthedevelopmentC.deepdebtvirtuallymakesfurthergrowthinthesecountriesimpossibleD.agricultureinthesecountriesshouldhavebeenleftintact问题4选项A.canonlybeachievedwitheconomicgrowthB.canbeachievedwithouteconomicgrowthC.isatributetoman’sabilityandcreativityD.isfragileinfaceofenvironmentalcatastrophes问题5选项A.positiveB.negativeC.vagueD.inconclusive10.单选题ThenumberofpeoplewithAlzheimer’sdiseaseintheUnitedStatesisprojectedtomorethandoubleby2050.问题1选项A.devisedB.thrustC.estimatedD.encountered11.单选题Freshwaterisafiniteandvulnerableresource,essentialtosustainlife,developmentandtheenvironment.问题1选项A.likelytofailB.likelytoaccumulateC.likelytoimproveD.likelytoenhance12.翻译题各学科的发展日新月异，令人称奇，但衡量知识、能力的方法却依然如故，非常原始。迄今为止，教育工作还没有找到比考试更有效、更可靠的方法，着实有点离奇。尽管有不少人认定，考试能衡量出一个人的知识水平，但实际情况恰恰相反，这是有目共睹的。要想考察一个人死记硬背的本事和在极大压力下快速答题的技巧，考试或许是个不错的方法。然而，要想了解一个人的禀赋资质和实际能力如何，考试是考不出名堂的。13.单选题EconomyTerrorizedFromWallStreettoMainStreet,Layoffs,Losses,andLittleHopeThepopularwordinbusinessbeforeSeptember11was“visibility”.Companyaftercompanycomplainedabouttheirgloomyfuturebecauseoftheworseningeconomy.Now,though,corporateAmericahasaclearvisionoftheimmediatefuture—andit’snotagoodone.“Theattackhasturnedthebusinessworldupsidedown,”saysDianeSwonk,chiefeconomistatBankOneinChicago.Companieshavebeenawareofthepossiblelossduetotheterrorattacks.Firmsdirectlyaffectedbythehorror,suchasBoeingandMarriott,warnedoflowerprofits.Airlinelayoffsalonewilltop100,000,pushingsomeanalyststosayasmanyasonemillionworkersmaylosetheirjobsbecauseofthepost-attackrepercussions.OnCapitolHill,LawmakersandtheBushadministrationbeganpreparinganeconomicemergencyresponse.“Thefoundationsofourfreesocietyremainsound,andIamconfidentthatwewillrecoverandprosperaswehaveinthepast,”FederalReserveChairmanAlanGreenspantoldCongress.AchiefexecutiveofFrontierAirlinesinDenverlastweekannounceda20percentflightreductionandlargescalelayoffs.OnWallStreet,marketstumbledamidthelikelihoodofrecessionandwar:TheDowJonesindustrialaveragefellnearly700pointsMonday.“It’snolongeraboutearningsortheeconomyorinterestratesanymore,”saysMorganStanleymarketstrategistPeterCanelo.“It’saboutfear.”SomeobserversbelieveWashington’sresponsecouldbeeffectivetopreventfurthereconomydeterioration.“Therecoverycouldbemuchsmootherthanexpectedduetothefiscalandmonetarystimuluswe’reinstorefor,”saysRichardWeiss,chiefinvestmentofficerforCityNationalBank.RestoringconsumerconfidenceisatoppriorityforGreenspanandCongress,giventhatconsumerspendingaccountsforabouttwothirdsofthenation’stotaloutput.Tothatend,theFedhasbeenfloodingthemarketswithcash.Congress,meanwhile,isawashinplanstospendmoney,drawingdownthe$153billionSocialSecuritysurplus.There’seventalkoffurthertaxcuts.TheeconomicdevastationoftheworstdisasteronAmericansoilisfarandwide.Lastweek,individualindustriesbegantoestimatetheloss.AirlinesWhile“recessionsarebadfortheairlineindustry,terrorismisworse,”saysaseniorvicepresidentataviationconsultantsAvitas.Nowbothareseriousproblemsforairliners,asheavilyindebtedandcash-poorcompaniesareseeingadrasticreductioninbookings.Someplanesareflyinglessthanhalffull.Expertspredictthatthiswillputsomeairlinersoutofbusinessandthetotalindustrylosseswillamountto$10billionbytheendofnextyear.When—andif—theindustryrecovers,itwillhavebeenfundamentallychanged.Passengersmightfindfewerflightsoverallandlimitedservicetosmallerairports,asairlinesfocusonlarge,profitablehubs(交通枢纽).OilAsU.S.navalforcesheadedoutfromNorfolktowardtheMiddleEast，theoilmarketwasnervousbutfocusedasmuchonrecessionasonthethreatofwar.Crudepricessliddownwardduetothepredictedeconomicslowdownandadropinairtravelwhichwouldreducedemand.Still,withtheprospectofarmedconflictveryreal,analystsseeconsiderableriskofhigherenergyprices,especiallywhenthewarmightinvolveIraq,anoil-producingcountry.ButMichaelLynchoftheresearchfirmDRI-WEFAsaidthatdespitedecreasingdemand,theterrorattackhadproducedan“uncertaintyeffect”thatwouldpossiblydriveoilpriceshigherintheweeksahead.Lynchsaidthatoilcompaniesandlargeindustrialusersofoilverylikelywouldattempttobuildtheirinventoriesamiduncertainty.RetailingManyshoppersstayedhomeduringtheweekoftheattack.FederatedDepartmentStores，whichownsBloomingdale’sandMacy’s,saidsalesduringtheweekwere$65million,orabout20percent,belowitsforecasts.Otherretailers,includingWal-MartStoresandbookstorechainsBordersGroupandBarnes&Noble,aswellasteenapparelretailerAmericanEagleOutfitters,reportedafastdecreaseinsalesbutsomereboundbylastweekend.“Forthemostpart,salesarestartingtocomeback,butthey’renotwherewewantthemtobe,”saysTracyMullin,presidentoftheNationalRetailFederation.Consumersalreadyplanningthepurchaseofanewcar,appliance,orotherbig-ticketitemmaygoahead,butforgetthosewhohadonlybeguntothinkaboutbuying,saysMarianFriestad,presidentoftheSocietyforConsumerPsychology.“Thiswouldbeatimewhenpeoplewouldnotbeparticularlyopentochangingtheirpurchasebehaviorortryingnewthings,”shesays.Frivolouspurchases,likeperfumeandfashion,willprobablydecline.MediaOnMadisonAvenue,advertisingindustryexecutivesestimatedtheirlossesafternearlyaweekwithoutnetworkTVads.Butthatisnotall.ManycompaniesfeltitinappropriatetoadvertiseduringsuchatimeoftragedyandcanceledtheircommercialsonTV.Thistrendislikelytomeanfurtherlossesforanindustryalreadysufferingfromasharpcutbackinspending.Already,thesixTVnetworksreportanestimated$320millioninlostasrevenuesduetotheattack.Andfourofthecountry’snewspapergroupswarnedofashortfallinthird-quarterearningsbecauseofcanceledads.EntertainmentThemostpressingquestionrightnowiswhatwillhappeninTV,alreadysufferingfromabigdropinadvertising.Althoughthenewseasonhasbeenprettywellpurgedofanyreferencesthatmightbedeemedoffensiveinthewakeoftheattack,thereisseriousdoubtaboutviewers’tastesinthefuture.Twobig-budgetfilms—BigTroubleandCollateralDamage—wereshelvedindefinitelylastweek.OthermovieswithNewYorkthemeswerepushedback.StillmoreweresimplyscrubbedcleanoftheirreferencestoterrorismandtheWorldTradeCenter.However,theentertainmentindustrymaynotsufferlong-termdamage,withlossesexpectedtoleveloffbythefirstquarterofnextyear,accordingtoanalysts.InsuranceAlreadystunnedbyaplungeinprofitsandlossesfromstormsinthefirsthalfoftheyear,propertyandcasualtyinsurersnowfaceevenworse.“Allprofitswillbewipedout,”saysananalyst.Despitesomeloss,analystsareconfidentthattheindustrywillbeabletomeettheestimated$30billioninprojectedclaims,alossthatcouldescalateifcostlybusiness-interruptionandpersonalinjuryclaimsaccelerate.Onethingiscertain:Therewillbehigherratesandmorelimitedcoverageforterroristorwar-relatedevents,especiallyforairlines.8.Accordingtothepassage,whatisNOTthepossiblelossduetotheterrorattacksintheU.S.?9.ThemostimportanttaskfortheBushAdministrationisto____.10.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutairlineslossisWRONG?11.ThetwoseriousproblemsforAmericanairlinementionedinthepassageare____.12.Theeffectofthisattackontheoilpriceis____.13.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutretailingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?14.Already,thesixTVnetworksreportanestimated____inlostadrevenues.问题1选项A.Firmsdirectlyaffectedbythehorrorwillsufferlowerprofits.B.Onemillionworkersmaylosetheirjobsbecauseofthepost-attackrepercussions.C.TheDowJonesindustrialaveragefellabout700points.D.Washingtonalsolosesitsconfidencetopreventfurthereconomydeterioration.问题2选项A.estimateanexactlossB.limitimmigrationC.cuttaxforallthecompaniesD.restoreconsumerconfidence问题3选项A.Someairlinesareseeingadrasticreductioninbookings.B.Someplanesareflyinglessthanhalffull.C.Thetotalindustrylosseswillreach$10billionbytheendofthisyear.D.Someairlinerswillbeputoutofbusiness.问题4选项A.recessionsandterrorismB.oilpriceandeconomydepressionC.airlineserviceandsafetyD.layoffsandfinance问题5选项A.uncertainB.slimC.clearD.unprecedented问题6选项A.Manyshoppersstayedhomeduringtheweekoftheattack.B.SomeretailersarestilloptimisticabouttheirsalesinthecomingChristmasseason.C.Someretailersreportedafastdecreaseinsalesbutsomereboundbylastweekend.D.Suchfrivolouspurchasesasperfumeandfashionwillprobablydecline.问题7选项A.$10millionB.$65millionC.$320millionD.$153million14.单选题Poetsdieyoung—youngerthannovelist,playwrightsandotherwriters,aU.S.researchersays.Itcouldbebecausepoetsaretorturedand__21__toself-destruction,oritcouldbethatpoetsbecomefamousyoung,sotheirearlydeathsare__22__,saidJamesKaufmanoftheLearningResearchInstituteatCaliforniaStateUniversity.Forthereport,__23__intheJournalofDeathStudies,Kaufmanstudies1987deadwritersfrom__24__centuriesfromtheUnitedStates,China,TurkeyandEasternEurope.He__25__thewritersasfictionwriters,poets,playwrights,andnon-fictionwriters.Hedidnotstudythecausesofdeath.“AmongAmerican,ChineseandTurkishwriters,poetsdied__26__youngerthannonfictionwriters,”Kaufmanwroteinthereport.“Amongthe__27__sample,poetsdieyoungerthanbothfictionwritersandnon-fictionwriters.”BecauseKaufmanstudiedsomewriterswholivedhundredsofyearsago,itis__28__tocomparetheiraverageageofdeath__29__thatofthegeneralpopulation.“__30__,poetslived62years,playwrights63years,novelists66yearsandnon-fictionwriterslived68years,”Kaufmansaid.Kaufmanhasalsostudiedpoetsandmentalillness.“WhatIfoundwaspretty__31__withtheactualdeathfindings.Femalepoetsweremuchmore__32__tosufferfrommentalillness(e.g.__33__suicide)thananyotherkindofwritersandother__34__women,”hesaid.“I’vedubbedthisthe‘SylviaPlathEffect’.”Therecouldalsobeamorebenign__35__forpoets’earlydeath,‘‘Poetsproducetwiceasmuchoftheirlifetime__36__intheirtwentiesasnovelistsdo,”hesaid.Sowhena__37__novelistdiesyoung,fewpeoplemaynotice.“Agreatnovelistornon-fictionwriterwhodiesat28maynothaveyetproducedherofhismasterpiece.”Kaufmansaidpoetsshouldnotworry,butshouldperhaps__38__health.“ThefactthataSylviaPlathmaydieyoungdoesnot__39__meananIntroductiontoPoetryclassshouldcarryawarningthatpoemsmaybe__40__toone’shealth,”hesaid.问题1选项A.favorableB.likelyC.preferableD.prone问题2选项A.ignoredB.admittedC.noticedD.denied问题3选项A.dischargedB.publishedC.releasedD.delivered问题4选项A.subsequentB.variousC.latestD.previous问题5选项A.simplifyB.identifyC.classifyD.verify问题6选项A.significantlyB.similarlyC.slightlyD.simply问题7选项A.completeB.intactC.totalD.entire问题8选项A.impossibleB.likelyC.possibleD.unlikely问题9选项A.toB.onC.inD.by问题10选项A.WithaverageB.InaverageC.OnaverageD.Byaverage问题11选项A.consistentB.associatedC.constantD.related问题12选项A.likelyB.possiblyC.probablyD.necessarily问题13选项A.fulfillingB.committingC.conductingD.performing问题14选项A.predominantB.magnificentC.prominentD.passionate问题15选项A.reasonB.explanationC.contributionD.relation问题16选项A.outbreakB.outsetC.outputD.outlet问题17选项A.bloomingB.prosperingC.flourishingD.budding问题18选项A.lookafterB.lookintoC.lookoverD.lookout问题19选项A.necessarilyB.properlyC.appropriatelyD.accurately问题20选项A.beneficialB.painfulC.creativeD.hazardous15.单选题Manycountrieshavemadeitillegaltotalkintoahand-heldmobilephonewhiledriving.Butthelatestresearchprovidesfurtherconfirmationthatthedangerlieslessinwhatamotorist’shandsdowhenhetakesacalltheninwhattheconversationdoestohisbrain.Evenusinga“hands-free”devicecanimpairadriver’sattentiontoanalarmingextent.MelinaKunaroftheUniversityofWarwickandToddHorowitzoftheHarvardMedicalSchoolranaseriesofexperimentsinwhichtwogroupsofvolunteershadtopayattentionandrespondtoaseriesofmovingtasksonacomputerscreenthatwerereckonedequivalentindifficultytodriving.Onegroupwasleftundistractedwhiletheotherhadtoengageinaconversationabouttheirhobbiesusingaspeakerphone.AsDr.KunarandDr.HorowitzreportinPsychonomicBulletin&Review,thosewhoweremakingtheequivalentofahands-freecallhadanaveragereactiontime212millisecondsslowerthanthosewhowerenot.That,theycalculate,wouldadd5.7meterstothebrakingdistanceofacartravelingat100kph.Theyfoundthatthegroupusingthehands-freekitmade83percentmoreerrorsintheirtasksthanthosewhowerenottalking.Theyalsoexploredtheeffectofsimplylisteningtosomething—suchasaradioprogram.ForthistheyplayedarecordingofthefirstchapterofBramStoker’s“Dracula”.Eventhoughthetestsubjectsweretoldtopayattentionbecausetheywouldbeaskedquestionsaboutthestoryafterwards,ithadlittleeffectontheirreactiontime.Dr.Kunarreckonsthathavingtothinkaboutresponsesduringaphoneconversationcompetesforthebrain’sresourcesinawaythatlisteningtoamonologuedoesnot.TheresearchledbyFrankDrewsoftheUniversityofUtahsuggeststhesamethingistrueoftheidlechatterofapassenger.Punishingpeopleforusinghand-heldgadgetswhiledrivingisdifficultenough,eventhoughtheycanbeseenfromoutsidethecar.Stoppingpeoplemakinghands-freecallswouldprobablybeimpossible—especiallybecausemoreandmorevehiclesarenowbeingfittedwiththenecessaryequipmentasstandard.Persuadingpeopletoswitchtheirphonesoffaltogetherwhentheygetbehindthewheelmightbetheonlyanswer.Whoknows,theymightevencometoenjoynothavingtotakecalls.Andthey’llbemorelikelytoarriveinonepiece.1.Whichbodypartismostaffectedbytalkingintoacellphonewhendriving?2.InKunarandHorowitz’sexperiment,thesubjectswhoperformtaskswhiletalking____.3.AccordingtoFrankDrews,listeningtoapassengertalking____.4.Thelawforbiddingtheuseofhand-heldphoneswhendriving____.5.Thebesthopeofstoppingpeopleusinghands-freephoneslieswith____.6.Thepurposeofthepassageisto____.问题1选项A.Hands.B.Feet.C.Eyes.D.Thebrain.问题2选项A.reactedmorequicklyandmadefewermistakesB.reactedmorequicklyandmademoremistakesC.reactedmoreslowlyandmadefewermistakesD.reactedmoreslowlyandmademoremistakes问题3选项A.affectsdriversmorethanaphoneconversationB.affectsdriversmorethanlisteningtoastoryC.haslesseffectonthedriversthanaphoneconversationD.haslesseffectonthedriversthanlisteningtoastory问题4选项A.isnecessaryandfeasibleB.hasbeenfrequentlybrokenC.willarouseheateddebateD.hasbeenwidelyobserved问题5选项A.thelawmakersB.carmanufacturersC.driversthemselvesD.newtechnology6.Thepurposeofthepassageisto____.问题6选项A.informpeopleofthedangerofusingphoneswhiledrivingB.callonlawmakerstomakenewlawsontheuseofcellphonesC.offersuggestionsfordriverswhousecellphonewhiledrivingD.weighthebenefitsandharmsofusingphoneswhiledriving16.单选题ItisuptotheGovernmenttotackletheairpollutionproblemand____measuresinlinewiththecouncil’ssuggestions.问题1选项A.setaboutB.workoutC.fillupD.bringover17.单选题ItisincongruousthatthenumberofBritishinstitutionsofferingMBAcoursesshouldhavegrownby254percentduringaperiodwhentheeconomyhasbeenslidingintodeeperrecession.Optimists,orthosegiventospeed,assumptions,mightthinkitmarveloustohavesucharesourceofbusinessschoolgraduatesreadyfortherecovery.Unfortunately,thereisnowmuchdoubtaboutthevalueofthedegreenotleastamongMBAgraduatesthemselves,sufferingastheyarefromtheeffectsofrecessionandfacingtheprospectofshrinkingmanagementstructures.Whatwastakensomeyearsagoasaticketofcertainadmissiontosuccessisnowbeingexposedtothescrutinyofcost-consciousemployerswhoseek“can-dos”ratherthan“might-dos”,andwhofeelthatacademiahasnotbeensufficientlyappreciativeoftheneedsofindustryoroftheemployers’possiblecontribution.Itiscurious,giventhenameofthedegree,thatthereshouldbenoleaguetableforUKbusinessschools;nounanimityaboutwhatthedegreeshouldencompass;andnoagreedsystemofaccreditation.Surelythereissomethingwrong.Onewonderswhereallthetutorsforthismassiveinfusionofbusinessexpertisecamefromandwhyallthismushroomingtookplace.Perhapscompaniesthatmadelargeinvestmentswouldhavebeenwisertoinvestinalreadyexistingmanagers,perchedanxiouslyontheirowninternalladders.TheInstituteofManagement’s1992survey,whichrevealedthateighty-onepercentofmanagersthoughttheypersonallywouldbemoreeffectiveiftheyreceived-moretraining,suggeststhatthismightbethecase.Thereis,too,thefactthattrainingalonedoesnotmakesuccessfulmanagers.Theyneedtheinherentqualifications.Ofcharacter,adegreeofself-subjugation;and,aboveall,theabilitytocommunicateandlead;moresonow,whenempowermentisabuzzwordthatisatleastgeneratinggenuflections,ifnottotalconviction.Onecaneasilythinkofpeople,somecomparativelyunlettered,whoarenowlaudedcaptainsofindustry.Wemay,therefore,notneedtobetooconcernedaboutthefallinapplicationsforbusinessschoolplaces,oreventhedoubtaboutMBAs.Theproliferationandsubsequentquestioningmayhavebeenaninevitableevolution.IftheManagementCharterInitiative,nowexploringtheintroductionofaseniormanagementqualification,issuccessful,therewillbeapowerfulcorrective.Webelievenowthatmanagementisallaboutchange.Onehopestherewillbesomeofthatinrelationshipbetweenmanagementandsciencewithinindustry,currentlycausingconcernandwhichisoverdueforattention.Noonedoubtsthatweneedmorescientistsandinnovationtogiveusanedgeinanincreasinglycompetitiveworld.Ifscientistsfeelthemselvesundervaluedandunder-used,workinginindustrialghettos,thatisnotapromisingauguryforthefuture.Itseemswehavetoresolvethesemisapprehensionsbetweenscienceandindustry.Aboveall,wehavetomakesurethatmanagementisnotitselfsmugaboutitsstatusandthatitdoesnotissuemissionstatementsaboutcommunicat