2022-2023学年北京第五中学高一英语下学期期末试题含解析

2022-2023学年北京第五中学高一英语下学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.____ofthelandinthatcountry______coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifth;is

B.Twofifth;areC.Twofifths;is

D.Twofifths;are参考答案：C【详解】考查分数的表达法。句意：那个国家五分之二的土地被树和草覆盖。分子基数词，分母序数词，分子超过一，分母加s。分数做主语，此处代表不可数名词land，所以用单数，故选C。2.NowI’vegothiminmy________；IcanmakehimdoanythingIwant.

A．power

B．energy

C．strength

D．right参考答案：A3.Theoldcoupleusedtolivedeepinthecountryside,withouteasy_____toshops.

A.arrival

B.access

C.transport

D.convenience参考答案：B4.Helearnedhislessonsowellthathehad______hisEnglishexamination.A.muchdifficultytopass

B.littledifficultytoC.littledifficultypassing

D.nodifficultytopass参考答案：C5.

AshewasabouttogoouttosearchforMary,shehappened____.A.comingin

B.tocomein

C.camein

D.tohavecomein参考答案：B6.Withalotofproblems_____,thepresidentisverybusyeverydayandhasn’thadagoodrest.A.solving

B.tosolve

C.solved

D.havingsolved参考答案：B7.

It’swisetoforgetthingswhicharen'tworth______.A.remembering

B.beingremembered

C.toberemembered

D.toremember参考答案：A8.E-mail,aswellascellphones,_____animportantpartindailycommunication.

A.haveplayed

B.play

C.areplaying

D.isplaying参考答案：C略9.---IsMr.FrancoHollande__________honestandcapableman?

----Yes.Andthatiswhyhewaschosen____________presidentofFrance.

A.a;a

B.an;\

C.the;the

D.a;\参考答案：B略10.–Puttingonahappyfacenotonlyhelpstomakefriends,butalsomakesusfeelbetter.

–_______________.A.I’dloveto B.I’mwithyouonthatC.It’suptoyouD.It’smypleasure参考答案：B11.—HaveyoubeentotheGreatWall?—Perhapsnotinmymemory;____,itmighthavebeenduringtheearlychildhood.

Aifany

Bifso

Cifever

Difnot参考答案：C12.Ihavetogotoworkbytaxibecausemycar

atthegarage

A.willberepaired

B.isrepaired

C.isbeingrepaired

D.hasbeenrepaired参考答案：C略13.Ican’tpretend________happywhenIamnot.

A.tobe

B.tohavebeen

C.being

D.havingbeen参考答案：B14.__________attheairport,hetelephonedhiswifeandtoldherwhathewoulddowhenhegothome.

A.Oncearrived

B.Assoonashereached

C.Whenhegot

D.Uponarriving参考答案：D15.Theheadmasterwhohad

thegrandceremonywavedtothecrowdswithasmile.A.included

B.joined

C.introduced

D.attended参考答案：D16.John’ssuccesshasnothingtodowithgoodluck.Itisyearsofhardwork_____hasmadehimwhatheistoday.A.why

B.when

C.which

D.that参考答案：D二、完型填空17.阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Fouryearsago,Ifeltluckyafterescapingoneofthoseterrible2-mileruns.Ihatedrunning;itwasjustsomethingthat

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cameeasilytome.Atthattime,ifyouhadtoldmethatIwouldonedayrunamarathon,I’dhavetoldyouhonestlythatIhadabetter

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ofwinningthelottery（彩票）.Theturning

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camewhenImetMrs.Green.Shewasfiftyyearsold,goingthroughchemotherapy（化学疗法）forhercancer,andstillmanagedtorun30milesaweek.IthoughtthatifMrs.Greencouldrun6milesatatime,Icouldrunatleasttwo.InFebruary,incoldweather,Istarteda2-mile

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aroundmyneighborhood.Twomonthslater,I

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therunningforthefirsttime.Ifeltverytired,butIfelthappy.Overthenextseveralyears,Icontinuedtopusheachrunforafew

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minutes,slowlybuildingmyendurance（耐力）.Ididn’tneedto

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againstotherrunners,formymostimportantcompetitorwasmyself.Aftercontinuingto

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myself,Iknewitwastimetostepmytrainingup.I

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IwouldtrainfortheDetroitFreePress/FlagstarMarathon.Theraceday

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came,andIwasfilledwithexcitementandworry.ItwasfinaltimetoseewhatIwasmadeof.The

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endedupsurprisingly.Idid

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throughthelastfewmiles,butaftermyrunning,therewasnodoubtinmymindthatI’dfinished.AsI

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thefinishline,Iexperiencedthestrongestsenseof

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andhappinessIhadeverhadinmylife.Iamnowamarathoner.AsJohnBinghamoncesaid,“Themiracle（奇迹）isn’tthatIfinished.ThemiracleisthatIhadthe

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tostart.”35.A.never

B.always

C.usually

D.often36.A.belief

B.suggestion

C.chance

D.hope37.A.situation

B.stage

C.case

D.point38.A.race

B.walk

C.hike

D.ride39.A.closed

B.changed

C.finished

D.considered40.A.perfect

B.extra

C.actual

D.basic41.A.compete

B.go

C.speak

D.argue42.A.treat

B.interest

C.challenge

D.enjoy43.A.forced

B.decided

C.doubted

D.seemed44.A.certainly

B.immediately

C.frequently

D.finally45.A.experience

B.moment

C.walk

D.reward46.A.look

B.live

C.travel

D.struggle47.A.toured

B.moved

C.crossed

D.stopped48.A.touch

B.pride

C.humor

D.belonging49.A.courage

B.ability

C.choice

D.thought参考答案：35.A

36.C

37.D

38.B

39.C

40.B

41.A

42.C43.B

44.D

45.A

46.D

47.C

48.B

49.A三、阅读理解18.Belowisaselectionfromapopularsciencebook.Ifbloodisred,whyareveins(静脉)blue?Actually,veinsarenotblueatall.Theyaremoreofaclear,yellowishcolor1.Althoughbloodlooksredwhenit’soutsidethebody,whenit’ssittinginaveinnearthesurfaceoftheskin,it’smoreofadarkreddishpurplecolor1.Attherightdepth,theseblood-filledveinsreflectlessredlightthanthesurroundingskin,makingthemlookbluebycomparison.Whichworksharder,yourheartoryourbrain?Thatkindofdependsonwhetheryou’rebusythinkingorbusyexercising.Yourheartworksuptothreetimesharderduringexercise,andshiftsenoughbloodoveralifetimetofillasupertanker（超级油轮）.But,inthelongrun,yourbrainprobablytipsit,becauseevenwhenyou’resittingstillyourbrainisusingtwiceasmuchenergyasyourheart,andittakesfourtofivetimesasmuchbloodtofeedit.Whydoteethfallout,andwhydon’ttheygrowbackingrown-ups?Baby(or“milk”)teethdonotlastlong;theyfallouttomakebiggerroomforbigger,strongeradultteethlateron.Adultteethfalloutwhentheybecomedamaged,decayed（腐烂）andinfectedbybacteria.Oncethissecondsetofteethhasgrownin,you’redone.Whenthey’regone,theyaregone.Thisisbecausenaturefiguresyou’resetforlife,andwhatcontrolsregrowthofyourteethswitchesoff.Dooldpeopleshrink（收缩）astheyage?Yesandno.Manypeopledogetshorterastheyage.But,whentheydo,itisn’tbecausethey’reshrinkingallover.Theysimplyloseheightastheirspine(脊柱)becomesshorterandmorecurvedduetodisuseandtheeffectofgravity(重力).Many(butnotall)menandwomendoloseheightastheygetolder.Menloseanaverageof3-4cminheightastheyage,whilewomenmaylose5cmormore.Ifyoulivetobe200yearsold,wouldyoukeepshrinkingtillyouwere,like60cmtall,likealittleboyagain?No,becauseoldpeopledon’treallyshrink!Itisnotthattheyaregrowingbackwards—theirlegs,armsandbackbonesgettingshorter.Whentheydogetshorter,it’sbecausethespinehasshortenedalittle.Or,moreoften,becomemorebentandcurved.Whydoesspinningmakeyoudizzy?Becauseyourbraingetsconfusedbetweenwhatyou’reseeingandwhatyou’refeeling.Thebrainsensesthatyou’respinningusingspecialgravity-and-motion-sensingorgansinyourinnerear,whichworktogetherwithyoureyestokeepyourvisionbalancestable.Butwhenyousuddenlystopspinningthesystemgoesoutofcontrol,andyourbrainthinksyou’removingwhileyou’renot.Wheredofeelingsandemotionscomefrom?Mostlyfromanancientpartofthebraincalledthelimbicsystem（边缘系统）.Allmammalshavethisbrainarea—frommicetodogs,cats,andhumans.Soallmammalsfeelbasicemotionslikefear,painandpleasure.Butsincehumanfeelingsalsoinvolveother,newerbitsofthebrain,wefeelmorecomplexemotionsthananyotheranimalonthisplanet.Ifexercisewearsyouout,howcanitbegoodforyou?29.Whatisthecolor1ofbloodinaveinnearthesurfaceoftheskin?A.Blue

B.Lightyellow C.Red D.Darkreddishpurple30.Whydosomeoldpeoplelookalittleshrunkenastheyage?

A.Becausetheirspineisinactiveuse.

B.Becausetheyaremoreeasilyaffectedbygravity.

C.Becausetheykeepgrowingbackwards.

D.Becausetheirspinebecomesmorebent.31.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutourbrainistrue?

A.Inthelongrun,ourbrainprobablyworksharderthanourheart.

B.Whenourbrainsensesthespinning,wewillfeeldizzy.

C.Thebrainsoftheothermammalsareascomplexasthoseofhumans.

D.Ourfeelingsandemotionscomefromthemostdevelopedareainourbrain.32.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheselection?

A.Togiveadviceonhowtostayhealthy.

B.Toprovideinformationaboutourbody.

C.Tochallengenewfindingsinmedicalresearch.

D.Toreportthelatestdiscoveriesinmedicalscience.参考答案：29.D30.D31.A32.B试题分析:文章主要讲述了一些生理现象，如：人的血液是红色的，为什么静动脉的血液是蓝色的；是心脏的工作强度大，还是大脑的工作强度大等。29.D考察细节理解题。根据文意it’smoreofadarkreddishpurplecolor1可知在皮肤表面的静动脉的血液的颜色是红紫色的，所以答案是D。30.D考察细节理解题。根据文意Theysimplyloseheightastheirspine(脊柱)becomesshorterandmorecurvedduetodisuseandtheeffectofgravity(重力)可知年龄大的人看起来会缩短一些是因为他们的脊椎会因为重力等原因变的弯曲，所以答案是D。31.A考察细节理解题。根据文意Yourheartworksuptothreetimesharderduringexercise,andshiftsenoughbloodoveralifetimetofillasupertanker可知在运动中心脏的工作强度要大，所以答案是A。32.B考察主旨大意。文章主要讲述了一些生理现象，如：人的血液是红色的，为什么静动脉的血液是蓝色的；是心脏的工作强度大，还是大脑的工作强度大等，所以答案是B。19.Haveyoufeltannoyedwhenacellphoneringsduringtheclass?Somethingmustbedonetostopthis.NowinNewYorkCity,USA,aruleiscarriedoutinschools.Studentscan'tevenbringcellphonestoschool.Isitagoodthingornot?AnxiousparentssaythatcellphonesareanimportanttoolinholdingNewYorkCity'sfamiliestogether."Iworryaboutit."saidElizabethLorrisRitter,amotherofamiddleschoolkid."It'snecessaryinoureverydaylife.Wehaveawashingmachine.Wehaverunningwater,andwehavecellphones."ManyAmericanparentsthinkcellphonesconnectthemtotheirchildrenonbuses,gettingoutfromsubways,walkingthroughunknownplaces."Ihavehercallmewhenshegetsoutofschool,"saidLindsayWalt,aschoolgirl'smother."NooneinNewYorkisgoingtolettheirchildgotoschoolwithoutacellphone."Whataboutthecellphoneowners,thestudents?Mostofthestudentssaidcellphoneswereessentialandthecellphonewaslikeanextrahandorfootforthem...."Ifeelsoempty,"saidMayChom,14.Thereisalsonowaytolistentomusiconthewaytoschoolwithoutmyphone.Itwillbeareally,reallyboringtrip."48.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.ManyAmericanparentsdon'tthinkcellphonesarenecessaryforthestudents.B.Cellphonesonlybringtroublestotheschoollife.C.Cellphonesconnectchildrenwiththeirfamilieswhentheyareoutside.D.Peoplecannotlivewi