英语一轮复习必修三unit

Unit

5

Canada—“The

True

North”——加拿大——“真正的北方”本节目录基础盘点自测自评考点串讲讲练互动基础盘点自测自评2．3．4．vt.证实；证明；批准adv.在附近adj.附近的；邻近的

n．大臣；部长7．n．边界；国界；边沿vt.&vi.与……接壤；接近[核心单词]1．

measure

vi.&vt.测量；衡量；判定n．计量制；计量单位；措施confirmnearbyminister

chat

vi.&n．聊天；闲聊

scenery

n．景色；风景border14.15.adj.轻微的;微小的→slightly

adv.稍稍;轻微地vt.&

vi.混合;调配→mixture

n．混合(物);混合

broad

adj.宽阔的；广泛的

within

prep.在……之内

downtown

adj.市区的adv.在市区;往市区approximately

adv.接近;大约 aboard

prep.&

adv.在船、飞机、火车或公共汽车上→board

vt.&

n．(在/上)船等surround

vt.&

vi.包围;围绕→surroundings

n．(复)周围的事物;环境→surrounding

adj.周围的slightmix状态16.

wealthy

adj.&

n．富有的;富人;有钱人→wealth

n．财富n．距离;远方→distant

adj.远的,远方的17．18．n．传统;风俗→traditional

adj.传统的distancetradition

terrify

vt.使恐怖;恐吓→terrifying

adj.令人畏惧的→terrified

adj.感到畏惧的→terror

n．恐惧→terribleadj.恐怖的;恐惧的

impress

vt.使印象深刻;使铭记→impressionn．印象→impressive

adj.给人深刻印象的;感人的[高频短语]与其；不愿被……包围3．

定居；平静下来；专心于5．6．看见；瞥见

对……有天赋1． rather

than

2．

be

surrounded

by/with...settle

down4． manage

to

do

设法做catch

sight

ofhave

a

gift

for in

the

distance

在远处 as

far

as

远到；直到；至于 at

dawn

在黎明，在拂晓impress...on/upon

给……留下深刻印象all

the

way,they

decidedto

fly

to

Vancouver

and

then

take

the

train

from

west

to

eastacrossCanada.她们不想一路乘飞机,决定先飞到温哥华,再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。[典型句式]1．“序数词＋最高级”结构It’s

the

second

largest

country

in

the

world.(second)它是世界上面积第二大国家。2．rather

than与其;不愿

Rather

than

take

the

aeroplaneas

far

as远到;直到;至于It’s

too

bad

you

can’t

go

as

far

as

Ottawa,Canada’scapital.很可惜你们不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太华。独立主格结构It

is

so

wet

there

that

the

trees

are

extremely

tall,some

measuring

over

90

metres.那儿的湿度很大,所以树都长得特别高,一些高达90多米。the

thought

that...想到……,that引导同位语从句The

thought

that

they

could

cross

the

whole

continent

wasexciting.要横贯整个大陆的想法很是令人兴奋。[单元语法]同位语从句

seems

to

be

no

possibility

Li

Hua

canwin

the

first

prize

in

the

100meter

race.It;thatThere;thatC．There;whetherD．It;whether解析：选B。考查名词性从句和固定句式。第一空是Thereseemstobe的固定表达;第二空是that引导的同位语从句,补充说明possibility的具体内容。据此选B项。2

．

(2012·

湖南十二校二次联考)When

it

comes

to

online

shopping,there’s

now

an

agreement

it

has

gained

popularity

due

to

its

convenience

and

excellentservice.A．thatB．whyC．whichD．how解析：选A。考查同位语从句。句意：谈到网购时,大家一致认为因其方便且服务好,因而它越来越流行了。空处引导同位语从句,对抽象名词agreement进行解释说明,且从句信息完整,不缺成分,故选that。3．(2013·洋浦等四校高三联考)It’smybelief

herdeath

wasn’t

an

accident.whatthatC．whichD．whether解析：选B。考查同位语从句。如果belief后是定语从句的话,只有B项that,C项which引导定语从句,并在从句中充当句子成分,作主语或宾语,但是her

death

wasn’t

an

accident不缺主语和宾语,故belief后是同位语从句,D项whether引导同位语从句,意为“是否”不符合句意,故B项正确。4．(2013·山东聊城临清模拟)Word

comes

freesouvenirswillbegivento

comesfirst.what;no

matter

whomthat;whoeverC．which;whomeverD．that;no

matter

who解析：选B。第一个空格及后面的句子是对主语Word内容的具体解释,为了防止句子头重脚轻而置于谓语comes后边,所以用that引导。第二空引导的是一个名词性从句,并在从句中作主语,所以用whoever;nomatterwho也有此意,但只能引导让步状语从句,不能引导名词性从句。5

．

(2013·

长沙模拟)The

question

has

been

raised

at

the

meeting

each

member

country

should

equally

share

the

expenseof

the

committee.A．thatB．whetherC．ifD．what解析：选B。考查同位语从句的引导词。描述名词question(问题)的内容,引导一个同位语从句,排除if;由question的含义排除A;从句中不缺少成分,故排除D。只有whether“是否”,符合语境。考点串讲讲练互动1.

surround[单词精研]vt.&

vi.包围;围绕(教材P34)People

say

it

is

Canada’s

most

beautifulcity,surrounded

by

mountains

and

the

Pacific

Ocean.

人们说温哥华是加拿大最美丽的城市,被大山和太平洋环抱。归纳拓展surround...with...

使……包围……be

surrounded

by/with...

被……包围surrounding

adj.

周围的surroundings

n.

环境①I

came

to

realize

that

the

key

to

success

lay

in

trying

tosurround

myself

with

creative

people.我逐渐意识到成功的关键在于我应该尽量结交有创造性的人。②(译林⑥－2)To

some

people,happiness

is

being

surrounded

by

family

and

friends.对于有些人来说,幸福就是被朋友和家人包围着。③I’d

like

to

bring

up

my

child

in

healthy

surroundings.我想在健康的环境中养育我的孩子。2.

distance

n.距离；远方；遥远；疏远v.不介入；与……疏远(牛津P579)She

was

warned

to

keep

her

distance

from

Charles有人告诫她说,如果不想受到if

she

didn’t

want

to

get

hurt.伤害,就与查尔斯离得远一点。归纳拓展(2)in

the

distance

在远方；在远处(1)at/from

a

distance

隔一段距离；从远处at

a

distance

of...在……远的地方keep

sb.at

a

distance

对……冷淡，与……疏远keep

one’s

distance

from

与……保持距离(3)distant

adj.

遥远的;远处的;久远的①(2011·高考山东卷)Take

your

time－it’s

just

a

shortdistance

from

here

to

the

restaurant.别急——从这儿到餐馆只不过有短短的距离而已。②I

could

see

the

bus

coming

in

the

distance.我能看见公共汽车正从远处开来。③The

picture

looks

better

at

a

distance.这幅画远点看更佳。④My

parents

live

within

walking

distance

of

me.我父母住在我家附近。3.

measure

vi.&

vt.

测量；衡量；判定(1)n.计量制；计量单位；措施(朗文P1279)You

can’t

measure

someone

by

the

clothes

theywear.

你不能以衣着衡量一个人。归纳拓展measure...by...用……来衡量……be

measured

by/in...用……来衡量/计算take

measures/steps/action

to

do

sth.采取措施做……(2)make

sth.to

one’s

own

measure为某人量身定做某物①Education

shouldn’t

be

measured

only

by

examinationresults.教育不应该单纯用考试成绩来衡量。②(2011·高考湖北卷)The

government

has

taken

measures

tobring

down

the

high

prices

of

daily

goods

to

keep

the

marketstable.政府已经采取措施来降低日用品的高价格,以保持市场稳定。③In

the

old

days,my

mother

always

made

new

clothes

to

myown

measure

with

the

Spring

Festival

coming.过去,妈妈在春节来临时总是为我量身做新衣服。4.

confirm

vt.

证实；证明；批准(2012·高考四川卷·阅读理解B)Additional

￡10

may

be

paidto

confirm

the

booking

and

will

be

returned

on

arrival.

将会另付十美元来确认预订,到达后将归还。归纳拓展使某人对信念/观点/confirm

sb.in

belief/opinion/theory理论明确confirm

sth./that...

证实……confirm

whether...

确认是否……It

has

been

confirmed

that...

已经确定……①The

recent

airplane

crash

confirms

my

belief

that

strongersafety

regulations

are

needed.最近的空难坚定了我的信念,那就是需要更强的安全规则。②(牛津P415)It

has

been

confirmed

that

the

meeting

will

takeplace

next

week.已经确定会议将于下个星期召开。③He

was

confirmed

as

captain

for

the

rest

of

the

season.他被正式任命在这个赛季剩下的一段时间内担任队长。④The

news

that

he

will

be

chairman

of

the

club

has

beenconfirmed.消息已经得到证实,他将成为俱乐部的主席。5.impress

vt.

使铭记；铭刻；给……留下极深的印象

(2012·高考天津卷·阅读表达)Even

so,she

impressed

theworld

with

her

courage

and

strong

desire

to

succeed.即便如此,她的勇气和对成功的强烈渴望给人印象深刻。归纳拓展(1)impress...on...把……印在……上impress

sth.on/upon

sb.impress

sb.with

sth.使某人牢记某事be

impressed

by/with

sth.对……印象深刻impression

n.

印象(2)leave

/make/create

a(n)...impression

on

sb.给某人留下……的印象①What

impressed

us

most

in

that

disaster

was

theirreadiness

to

give

their

lives

for

the

public

health.在那场灾难中给我们印象最深的是他们随时准备用自己的生命换得大众健康的精神。②The

audience

were

deeply

impressed

by

the

actors’wonderful

performance.观众对演员们的精彩表演印象深刻。③My

father

impressed

on

me

the

value

of

hard

work.＝My

father

impressed

me

with

the

value

of

hard

work.我父亲要我牢记努力工作的重要性。④His

words

are

strongly

impressed

on

my

memory.他的话使我铭记于心。⑤The

new

teacher

made/had/left

a

good

impression

on

thestudents

by

her

rich

knowledge

and

humorous

talk.那位新老师以丰富的知识和幽默的语言给同学们留下了很好的印象。[跟踪训练]Ⅰ.完成句子The

mayor

expressed

his

wishthat

some

measures

should

be

taken

immediately

(应该立刻采取一些措施)to

control

the

air

pollution.It

was

difficult

to

get

to

know

her

because

she

alwayskept

everyone

at

a

distance

(与每个人保持一定距离)．

It

has

been

confirmed

that

(已被证实)he

wasn’t

theperson

who

stole

your

money.(让我铭记诚实的重要性)．Please

bring

something

with

you

that

can

confirm

your

identity

(证明你身份)．With

the

house

surrounded

in

all

directions

(四面八方被包围),the

thief

couldn’t

flee

and

was

caught.My

English

teacherimpressed

the

importance

of

honesty

on

meⅡ.单项填空1．(2012·四川省成都石室中学高三二诊模拟)The

statementsaid

five

people

died

at

the

scene

in

this

accident,while

10others,theirparentsincluded,were

dead

by

theafternoon.A．convincedB．describedC．committedD．confirmed解析：选D。句意：有报告称：5人在意外事故中当场死亡,然而另外的10人包括他们的父母截止到下午被证明死亡。此处were

confirmed

dead意为：被证明死亡。2．(2013·浙江调研测试)Not

with

the

quality

ofyour

goods,I

will

certainly

not

advise

others

to

buy

them.to

impressimpressingC．having

impressedD．impressed解析：选D。句意：对你们产品的质量印象不佳,我当然不会建议其他人购买。impress

sb.with

sth.表示“给某人留下深刻印象”,I与impress之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词短语作状语。3．(2013·金华十校联考)The

conference

has

been

held

todiscussthe

of

global

warming

on

people’s

lives

allover

the

world.A．importanceB．effectsC．protectionD．impression解析：选B。考查名词辨析。effects意思是“影响”,即讨论全球气候变暖对人们生活的影响。importance意思是“重要性”;protection意思是“保护”;impression意思是“印象”。The

city,

by

mountains

and

lakes,is

so

beautifulthat

they

have

decided

to

stay

there

for

another

two

weeks.stoodconnectedC．blockedD．surrounded解析：选D。句意：这座城市被群山湖水环绕着,显得如此美丽,以至于他们决定再待两个星期。surround意思是“包围,环绕”,这里用的是其过去分词形式。connect连接;block阻挡,挡住,在意思上与语境不符。若把A项stood改为standing则可选.The

faces

of

four

famous

American

presidents

on

MountRushmore

can

be

seen

from

a

of

60

miles.lengthdistanceC．wayD．space解析：选B。考查名词辨析。“a

distance of＋数字”表示“……距离”。6．—When

does

your

plane

take

off?—At

3∶00

p．m.tomorrow.I’ve

just

called

the

airport

to

it.A．confirmB．argueC．organizeD．intend解析：选A。答语句意：飞机明天下午3点起飞,我刚给机场打电话确认过。confirm“确认”;argue“争辩,争论”;organize

“组织”;intend

“打算”。In

myopinion,one’s

success

cannot

always

be

interms

of

money.calculatedgainedC．measuredD．gathered解析：选C。句意：我认为一个人的成功不能以金钱来衡量.measure“测量;衡量;判定”。[短语精释]1.

catch

sight

of看见；瞥见(牛津P1863)She

caught

sight

of

a

car

in

the

distance.她瞥见远处有一辆车。(1)归纳拓展come

in

sightlose

sight

ofat

first

sight(2)at

the

sight

ofout

of

sight进入视线，映入眼帘看不见乍一看；初看时一看见看不见①Suddenly,I

caught

sight

of

my

English

teacher

in

thecrowd.突然,在人群中我看到了英语老师。②(朗文P1906)We

stood

at

the

window

until

the

car

came

intosight.我们站在窗前,直到看见他们的车子。③Suddenly

they

got

separated,and

then

lost

sight

of

eachother.突然,他们分开了,看不见彼此。2.

settle

down

安居;平静下来;专心于(牛津)Wait

until

the

children

settle

down

before

you

start

thelesson.

等学生都静下心来再开始上课。归纳拓展(1)settle

down

to

(doing)sth.开始注意某事物

settle

on/upon决定;同意(某事)settlein/into适应(新的家、工作、环境等)(2)settlement

n．解决;处理;决定;和解;殖民地reach/arrive

at

asettlement达成协议(3)settler

n．移民;殖民者①When

are

you

going

to

get

married

and

settle

down?你打算什么时候成家,安定下来？②They

settled

down

to

a

serious

discussion

over

coffee.他们喝着咖啡,开始认真讨论问题。③It

took

her

a

while

to

settle

into

her

new

job.她过了一段时间才适应了新工作。3.as

far

as

远到,直至,至于(教材P38)It’s

too

bad

you

can’t

go

as

far

as

Ottawa,Canada’scapital.很可惜你们不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太华。归纳拓展as/so

far

as...达到……的程度；尽……；就……as

far

as

sb./sth.is

concerned

就某人/物而言(1)as

far

as

the

eye

can

see/reach

就视力所能及as

far

as

I

can

see

依我看as

far

as

I

know据我所知①As

far

as

I

know,it

is

convenient

to

do

shopping

in

thatsmall

city.就我所知,在那座小城市里购物很方便。②Besides,as

far

as

he

was

concerned,what

other

peoplethought

was

not

the

most

important

thing.此外,他认为别人的想法并不是最重要的。③Standing

here,you

can

see

as

far

as

the

foot

of

the

hill.站在这里,你可以一直看到山脚下。[跟踪训练]Ⅰ.选词填空have

a

gift

for；settle

down；manage

to；as

far

as

I’mconcerned；rather

than；catch

sight

of1．They

want

to

see

their

daughter

,getmarried

and

have

kids.2．

,education

is

all

aboutlearning.The

more

you

learn,the

more

equipped

for

life

youare.3．It

was

the

way

he

spoke what

he

saidthat

made

his

dad

angry.settle

downAs

far

as

I’m

concernedrather

than4．They

were

playing

in

the

woods

when

theya

beautiful

bird

they

had

never

seencaught

sight

ofbefore.—How

did

you

manage

to

get

the

information

we

need?—With

the

help

of

my

friends.Mrs.Taylor

has

an

8yearold

daughter

who

has

a

gift

forpainting－she

has

won

two

national

prizes.Ⅱ.单项填空1．(2013·成都市高三模拟)—Our

journey

cost

a

lot

ofmoney.—Really?

Well,thatdoesn’tmatter

you

enjoyedyourselves.A．as

far

asB．unlessC．as

long

asD．in

case解析：选C。句意：——我们的旅行花了很多钱。——真的吗？不过,没关系只要你玩得愉快。此处as

long

as只要。

I

can

see,there

is

only

one

possible

way

to

keepaway

from

the

danger.As

long

asAs

far

asJust

asD．Even

if解析：选B。asfar

as

I

can

see

“据我所知”。aslong

as“只要”,表示条件;just

as“就像……”,表示方式;even

if“即使”,表示让步,皆不符合语境。He

heard

someone

following

him,and

glanced

round.He

adarkfigureintheshadows.lost

sight

ofcaught

sight

ofwatched

out

forlooked

for解析：选B。句意：他听到有人在跟踪他,便向周围扫了一眼,发现阴暗处有一个黑影。catch

sight

of看见,瞥见,符合句意。lose

sight

of看不见;watch

out

for注意;提防;look

for寻找。Withsomanytiresomeproblems

,the

newly-elected

minister

is

leading

a

hard

time

now.settledhaving

settledto

settleto

have

settled解析：选C。句意：有如此多的麻烦问题要解决,这个新当选的部长现在的日子不好过。so

many

tiresome

problems与settle(解决)之间存在逻辑上的被动关系,因此排除B、D。根据句意可知,“问题要解决”表示“未解决”要用动词不定式,排除A。[句型精析]1.(教材P34)Rather

than

take

the

aeroplane

all

the

way,theydecided

to

fly

to

Vancouver

and

then

take

the

train

from

westto

east

across

Canada.她们不想一路乘飞机,因此决定先飞到温哥华,再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。[句法分析]ratherthan意为“而不是”,连接两个并列成分,后接名词,代词,形容词,副词,ing形式或不定式。①I

think

Tom,rather

than

you,is

to

blame.我想不是你,而是汤姆应受责备。②If

I

had

to

give

up

one

of

them,I

would

turn

off

the

TVrather

than

switch

off

my

cellphone

or

cut

off

the

Internet.如果我必须放弃其中的一个,我宁愿关上电视而不关掉手机,切断因特网。归纳拓展(1)would

rather

do...than

dowould

do...rather

than

do

宁愿……而不prefer

todo...rather

than

do...愿……other

than(2)or

rathermore

than除了……更确切地说不仅仅，超过，非常(3)would

rather

后接宾语从句时,谓语用虚拟语气。表示一个现在或将来的愿望,谓语用一般过去时;表示一个过去的愿望,谓语用过去完成时。③I

always

prefer

to

start

early,rather

than

leave

everythingtothelastminute.我总是愿意早开始,而不愿意把所有的事情都留到最后才做。④I

would

rather

stay

at

home

than

go

shopping

on

suchhumid

day.在这样潮湿的天气里,我宁愿呆在家里,也不愿去购物。⑤I

would

rather

(that)

you

hadn’t

done

that

thing.我宁愿你没做那件事。⑥—Do

you

mind

if

I

smoke?—Well,I’d

rather

you

didn’t.——你介意我抽烟吗？——嗯,最好别抽烟。⑦He

went

home

very

late

last

night,or

rather,in

the

earlyhours

this

morning.他是昨天深夜回家的,或者更确切地说,是今天凌晨。2.(教材P34)It

is

so

wet

there

that

the

trees

are

extremelytall,some

measuring

over

90

metres.那儿的湿度很大,树木极高,有些树的高度超过90米。[句法分析]some

measuring

over

90

metres为独立主格结构,在句中作伴随状语。归纳拓展独立主格结构在句中作状语,可以表示时间、原因、条件或伴随等。其构成方式如下：(1)名词(代词)＋现在分词

(2)名词(代词)＋过去分词

(3)名词(代词)＋不定式(4)名词(代词)＋副词①We

will

go

hiking,time

per