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第=page11页,共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年云南省大理州高一(下)期末英语试卷一、阅读理解(本大题共15小题,共37.5分)AIfyou'restillconfusedaboutwhicharethebestcharitiestodonateto,thencontinuereadingfurther.Thesecharitieshavearespectabletrackrecord,meaningyoucanbeassuredthatthemoneyyoudonateisusedforthecausethatyousupport.

UnitedNationsChildren'sFund(UNICEF)

ItisabranchthatoperatesundertheUnitedNations.UNICEFisengagedinvariouscharitableactivitiesaroundtheworld.Theyfundeducationalprogramsforchildreninremoteareasofpoorcountries,providefoodandhealthcareservices,andhelppreventchildabuse(虐待)whileassistingkidsinconflictanddisasterzones.

WorldWildlifeFund(WWF)

Ifyou'reawildlifeloverandwouldliketopreventextinctionofrareanimalspecieswhilehelpingconservationofpreciousplantsandanimals,donatetoWWF.Infact,WWFhasvariouscreativewaystodonate.Youcan"adopt"anendangeredelephantortigeroranotheranimalthatWWFistryingtopreventfromextinction.OryoucandonateasmallamountofmoneyeverymonthorannuallytoWWF.

UnitedNationsHighCommissionerforRefugees(UNHCR)

Anyonewhowatchesorreadsthenewsisawareofcountlessconflictsgoingonaroundtheworldandalargenumberofrefugees(难民).Generally,theserefugeesarechildren,womenandmenwhoarelivinginareasnowsufferingfromdisastersortrappedinwars.YoucanhelprelievesomeofthesufferingsofthesepersonsbydonatingtoUNHCR.Theyhelprefugeesbyprovidingfood,clothing,shelter,healthcareandotherbasicnecessities.

WorldFoodProgramme(WFP)

WFPisaglobalcharitythatoperatesundertheUnitedNations.Everyday,WFPdeliversfoodtofamine-strickenareasinover80countries.Theyhavemanytrucks,shipsandplanesthatdeliverthefoodtheybuywithyourdonationstohungrypeopleinthesecountries.1.WhatdoweknowaboutUNICEF?______A.Itisinvolvedinonlyoneortwocharitableactivitieseveryyear.

B.Childrenfromdevelopedcountriescanbenefitalotfromit.

C.Itdoesn'tprovideanyfoodormedicalcare.

D.Itwilluseyourdonationstoprotectchildrenfrombeingabused.2.Whichcharityoffersyousomewaystohelpplantsandanimals?______A.UNICEF. B.WWF. C.UNHCR. D.WFP.3.Howmanycharitiesofferfoodtopeopleinneedaccordingtothepassage?______A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.B2000yearsago,themostpowerfularmyintheworldbelongedtotheRomans.Theyconquered(占领)almostallofEurope,andpartsofAsiaandAfrica.Lifeinthearmywasharsh.Andmanyofthesoldierslongforthecomfortsofhome.Theywantedtogetmarriedandsetupfamilies.TheemperorwhosenamewasClaudiusⅡ,grewworriedthathisarmywasgrowingsoft.Andsohemadealawthatnosoldierwasallowedtogetmarried.

Bythattime,manyoftheRomanswereChristians(基督徒).Andoneoftheirleaderswasabishop,calledValentine.Hebelievedthatifamanandawomanfellinlovewitheachother,theyshouldgetmarried.Andsohedecidedtoletsoldiersgetmarriedinhischurch,eventhoughitwasagainstthelaw.Thesoldiers'weddingsweremeanttobekeptsecret.Butasyouknow,allsecretsarehardtokeep.Andsoonthewordgotout.Valentinewasarrestedandbroughtbeforetheemperorwhodemandedthathestophelpingsoldierstomarry.Whenherefused,theemperorsentencedhimtodeath.

WhileValentinewasinprison,theJailer'sdaughterusedtobringhimfood.Shewasayoungblindwoman.SheandValentineusedtospendlonghourstalkingtoeachother.Andsoontheyfellinlove.Oneday,Valentineputhishandthroughthebarsofthecellandtouchedthelidsofherclosedeyes.Whensheopenedthemagain,shecouldsee.Itwasamiracle.Thelovestorydidn'tcontinue.Unfortunately,Valentine'sexecutionwassetforFebruary14th.

Thistookplaceintheyear270.Andeversince,peoplehaveobservedthedayofFebruary14thcalledValentine'sDay,inhonorofthisbravebishop.4.Whycouldn'tthesoldiersgetmarried?______A.Lifeinthearmywasfullofdifficulties.

B.Thesoldierswhogotmarriedwillbepunished.

C.Thesoldiersarenotinterestedinmarriage.

D.TheemperorClaudiusⅡbannedmarriage.5.WhichofthefollowingcouldValentineagreewith?______A.Soldiersshouldn'tgetmarriedinhischurch.

B.Twopeoplewholoveeachothershouldgetmarried.

C.Soldiersshouldn'tgetmarriedsecretly.

D.Itisagainstsocialcustomforsoldierstogetmarried.6.WhydoesValentine'sDayfallonFebruary14th?______A.Peoplewanttogetmarriedonthatday.

B.Abishopcuredhisbelovedgirlonthatday.

C.Valentine'sbirthdaywasonFebruary14th.

D.AbishopcalledValentinewassentencedtodeathontheday.7.Inwhichpartofanewspapercanyoumostprobablyreadthetext?______A.Geography. B.Travelling. C.Festival. D.Life.CIn2009insouthernGermany,peopleuncoveredaflute(长笛)madeofananimal'swingbone.ThedelicateinstrumentisoneoftheoldestknownmusicalinstrumentsonEarth,indicatingthatpeoplehavebeenmakingmusicforover40,000years.Wecan'tbesureexactlywhenhumanbeingsbeganlisteningtomusic.Butscientistsdoknowsomethingaboutwhywedo.

DoctorsatJohnsHopkinsUniversityrecommendthatyoulistentomusictostimulateyourbrain.Theyhavefoundthatlisteningtomusicstimulatesmorepartsofthebrainthananyotherhumanactivity.That'swhytheyseesomuchpotentialinmusic'spowertochangethebrain.Besides,justthepromiseoflisteningtomusiccanmakeyouwanttolearnmore.Inone2019study,peopleweremoreeagertolearnwhentheyexpectedtolistentoasongastheirreward.

Musicalsohasapositiveeffectonyourabilitytomemorize.Inonestudy,researchersaskedpeopletoreadandthenrecallshortlistsofwords.Theyfoundthosewhowerelisteningtoclassicalmusicoutperformedthosewhoworkedinsilenceorwithwhitenoise.Thesamestudyalsotrackedhowfastpeoplecouldperformasimpletask——matchingnumberstoshapes.Asimilarbenefitshowedup.ThemusicofMozarthelpedpeoplecompletethetaskfasterandmoreaccurately(精确地).

Neurological(神经学的)researchershavefoundthatlisteningtomusicencouragestherelease(释放)ofseveralneurochemicalsthatplayaroleinbrainfunctionandmentalhealthlikedopamine,achemicalassociatedwithpleasure,andserotonin,achemicalrelatedtoimmunity.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"uncovered"meaninParagraph1?______A.Discover. B.Build. C.Study. D.Create.9.AccordingtoDoctors,whatisthebenefitoflisteningtomusic?______A.Peoplearemoreeagertorestafterlisteningtomusic.

B.Peoplewanttolearnlessinordertolistentomusic.

C.Musichasthepowertostimulatethebrain.

D.Musichelpsthebraintogetconnected.10.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?______A.Musiccanhelpyoumemorizeeffectively.

B.Musichelpspeoplematchnumberstoshapesquickly.

C.Mozartplayedmusicfasterandmoreaccurately.

D.Classicalmusicperformsbestinhelpingtomemorize.11.Whatisthewriter'sattitudetolisteningtomusic?______A.Indifferent. B.Doubtful. C.Supportive. D.Critical.DOverthestreetsofParis,France,risestheEiffelTower.AninternationallyrecognizedsymbolofFranceandoneofthemostfamousstructuresintheworld,theEiffelTowerwasoriginallybuiltastheentrancetothe1889World'sFair,tocelebratethe100thanniversaryoftheFrenchRevolution.

Morethan100artistscompetedwithplansforthemonument,butthecontractwasgiventoAlexandre-GustaveEiffel,abridgebuilder,architect,andmetalsexpertwhohadalreadydesignedtheframeworkfortheStatueofLiberty.Thefinaldesignrequiredmorethan18,000piecesofironand2.5millionrivets(铆钉)toconstruct.Ittookhundredsofworkersmorethan2yearstofinish,andwhenitwascompletedinMarchof1889,itwasalmost1,000feethigh——morethantwicetheheightofthepyramidsatGiza——makingitthetalleststructureintheworldatthattime.

Thetowerwasoriginallymeanttobeatemporarystructure,andonlystandfor20years.ManyofthepeopleofParisdislikedthetower.Theythoughtitwasugly,orthatitwasdangerousandmightfalldown.Bythetimethetowerwassupposedtoberemoved,however,peoplehadrealizedthatitwasavaluablewaytotransmitwirelesstelegraphandradiosignals,andcityofficialsdecidedtokeepit.Itcontinuestobeusedforcommunicationstoday,withmorethan100antennas(天线)onit.

Thetoweriscompletelyrepaintedeverysevenyearstoprotectitfromrusting(生锈),using60tonsofpainteachtime.Originally,thetowerwasreddishbrownandthecolorwaschangedsometimeswhenitwasrepainted.Thesedaysitispaintedabronzecolorcalled"EiffelTowerBrown".

Today,theEiffelToweristhemostpopularpaidattractionintheworld,withabout7millionvisitorseachyear.Ithasbeentheinspirationforreplicas(复制品)andimitationsaroundtheworld.Nolongerconsideredaneyesore,theEiffelTowerisaniconofFranceandisinsidetheWorldHeritageSitethatincludescertainpartsofParis.12.WhatwasthepurposeofbuildingtheEiffelTower?______A.Tobeanimportantsymbolofthecountry.

B.Tocelebratethe100thanniversaryoftheFrenchRevolution.

C.Tobetheexittothe1889World'sFair.

D.TohelpFrancegaininternationalrecognition.13.Whydidn'ttheEiffelTowerbecomeatemporarystructure?______A.ThepeopleofParislikedthebeautifultowerverymuch.

B.Itdidn'tfalldownafter20yearsasitwasoriginallydesigned.

C.Cityofficialsmadeitmorebeautifulandsafer.

D.Itwasusedfortransmittingwirelesstelegraphandradiosignals.14.WhichofthefollowingabouttheEiffelTowerisNOTtrue?______A.Itwasconstructedwithanamountofironandrivets.

B.Therearemorethan100antennasonit.

C.Itisthemostpopularpaidattractionintheworld.

D.Itisrepaintedeverysixyears.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?______A.AnIconofFrance B.TheMostPopularAttraction

C.TheWorldHeritageSite D.ATowerforCommunication二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题,共12.5分)Doyoufinditdifficulttoputdownyourmobilephone?(1)______.Thesedays,manypeoplesufferfromthestressofFOMO(fearofmissingout).Theyreachfortheirmobilephoneswhentheywakeupinthemorning,andfortherestoftheday.

Despitetheconveniencesmartphonesbring,manypeoplestrugglewiththeirdigitalhabits.(2)______.ThisiswhyGoogleintroducedanappcalledDashboardforthenewversionofitsAndroidoperatingsystem.Thisnewappincludeswell-beingfunctionsthataimtohelpusersmanagethetimetheyspendontheirdigitaldevices.(3)______.Thenuserscanlookatallthedetailsoftheirphonehabits.Afterthat,they'llbeabletomakesomechanges.WiththeAppTimerfunction,userscansetatimelimitforhowlongtheycanuseeachappforeveryday.(4)______.

Butitisunavoidablethatusersarestilllikelytobedrawninbynotifications(通知).ThisiswheretheShushfeaturecomesin.Itautomatically(自动地)silencesthemwhenusersputtheirphonefacedown(5)______.Afterall,whoneedstouseanapptostopyoufromusingotherappswhentheeasiestanswerwouldbejusttouseyourwillpower?

A.Ifyes,you'renotalone

B.Itstartswithabird's-eyeviewatfirst

C.Youmayhavesomeacceptablereasons

D.Spendingtoomuchtimeusingappsisnotameaningfulway

E.ThisnewfunctionisjustonewayofreducingthestressofFOMO

F.70percentofthemdon'twanttospendsomuchtimeontheirphones

G.Afterhittingthelimit,theywon'tbeabletolaunchtheappuntilthenextday16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空(本大题共15小题,共15.0分)Apoorboywassellinggoodsfromonedoortoanothertopayforhisstudies.Onedayhefoundthathehadonlyonecoinleft,andhewas(1)______.Whileapproachingthenexthouse,hedecidedtoseekfora(n)(2)______.

Butwhenayoungwomanopenedthedoor,heonlydaredto(3)______aglassofwater.Shelookedathimand(4)______thattheboywashungry.Soshebroughthimalargeglassof(5)______.Hedrankitandthenaskedhowmuchhe(6)______her.Thewomanreplied,"Youdon'towemeanything.Mothertaughtusnevertoacceptpayfora(n)(7)______""ThenIthankyoufromthebottomofmyheart,"hesaid,feelingstrongernotonly(8)______.Theboy'snamewasHowardKelly.

Manyyearslater,thatwomanbecameseriously(9)______andwassenttohospital.WhenDr.HowardKellyenteredtheroom,heimmediately(10)______thewomanwhoonceshowedkindnesstohim.Sohewas(11)______todohisbesttosaveher.

Thestrugglewaslong,buthe(12)______toovercomeherillness.Aftersometimethewomanreceivedabillforher(13)______.Shewas(14)______thatitwouldcostheralot.Finally,whenthewomanlookedatthe(15)______,shenoticedwordsthatwerewrittenontheside:Paidinfullwithaglassofmilk.21.

A.upset B.hungry C.cold D.full22.

A.rest B.drink C.meal D.assistance23.

A.askfor B.lookfor C.searchfor D.leavefor24.

A.argued B.ignored C.reminded D.understood25.

A.juice B.milk C.coke D.water26.

A.owed B.begged C.lent D.borrowed27.

A.interest B.difficulty C.curiosity D.kindness28.

A.mentally B.physically C.willingly D.heartily29.

A.ill B.poor C.foolish D.wealthy30.

A.forgot B.relied C.recognized D.believed31.

A.excited B.annoyed C.confused D.determined32.

A.failed B.preferred C.managed D.refused33.

A.doctors B.nurses C.disease D.treatment34.

A.curious B.worried C.satisfied D.delighted35.

A.bill B.note C.letter D.envelope四、语法填空(本大题共1小题,共15.0分)36.ManypeoplearefamiliarwithLEGO,whoseplasticbuildingtoyshavebeenaroundsincethe1950s.Thetoysconnectfirmly,(1)______(allow)userstobuildthingsthatdon'tfallaparteasily.Thecompanycallsthisability"clutchpower".Sinceabout1960,LEGObricks(2)______(make)fromakindofplasticcalledABS.ABSplasticmakesthebricksverytough,(3)______givesthemgreatclutchpower.(4)______(sad),theplastictakesanextremelylongtimetobreakdown.

Butsince2015,LEGOhasbeensteppingup(5)______efforttomakeitsproductsmoreearth-friendly.Threeyearsago,thecompanybeganmakingsomeLEGOpartsoutofplasticmade(6)______sugarcane(甘蔗).Recently,LEGOstartedusingpaperbagsinsteadofplastic(7)______(reduce)packaging.ThegoalistomakebricksoutofPETplastic,whichis(8)______(soft)thanABSplasticandcan(9)______(find)inthingslikebottlesandclothing.

Now,LEGOsaysithasalreadyfoundawaytomakeagoodbrickfromPET.OneimportantstepwasaddingthingstoPETplastictomakeittougher(10)______giveitbetterclutchpower.LEGO'sgoalistomakeallofitsmainproductsoutofsustainablematerialsby2030.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达(本大题共2小题,共40.0分)37.学校英文社将举行一场演讲比赛,题目为《我的家乡》。请你写一篇演讲稿,内容包括:

(1)家乡的地理位置;

(2)家乡的自然风光;

(3)家乡的特色文化。

注意:

(1)词数80左右;

(2)可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

Hello,everyone!___________38.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。

ShantiwantedthewoodendollinRamu'stoyshop."Theonewiththereddress,"shetoldherbestfriend,Jodi."Howwillyouaffordit?"Jodiasked.Shantismiled."IaskedmymomifIcouldmakerosegarlands(花环)andsellthematmyaunt'smarketstall.Wanttodothat,too?""Goodidea!"saidJodi.

Earlythenextmorning,thegirlsmetattherosebushesoutsideofShanti'shouse.Delicateredflowerssurroundedthemwiththefreshscent(香气).Theynippedblossomswiththeirfingersanddroppedthemintoabasket.Thenthegirlssatunderamangotreeandknottedtheflowersintogarlands.Shanticouldalreadyseeherselfhuggingthatbeautifuldoll.

"Ifwesellenoughgarlands,wecaneachgetadoll,"saidShanti.Jodishookherhead."Myfamilyislowonmoneythisweek.I'llusemymoneytopayforKiran'smedicine."KiranwasJodi'slittlebrother."Ishesick?"Shantiasked."Heis.Butwhenhegetshismedicine,he'llbefine."Jodipickeduphergarlands."Mymotherisexpectingme.I'llmeetyouatthemarketlater."

Shantispenttheafternoonsellinggarlandsatheraunt'smarketstall.ButwherewasJodi?Byearlyevening,Shantihadsoldallherflowers.ShantiwasonherwayhomewhenshesawJodiheadingtothemarketwithhergarlands."Whyareyousolate?"Shantiasked.

"IhadtowatchKiranwhilemymotherwasout,"Jodisaid."Whydidn'tyoutakehimwithyou?"Shantisaid.Jodishookherhead."He'stoosicktogoout.Hecoughsandcoughs."ShantiknewJodiwouldn'tmakeenoughmoneyforthemedicinenow.

Themarketwouldbeclosingsoon.Shantilookedatthemoneyinherhand.Itwassupposedtobeforthebeautifuldollshe'dbeendreamingofforsolong.Thenshelookedatherfriend'stiredface.

注意:续写词数应为150左右。

"Here.Keepthisforthemedicine."ShantiputhermoneyintoJodi'shands.___________

Thenextweek,whileShantiandJodigatheredblossomstoearnpocketmoney,Kirancamemerrily.___________

答案和解析1~3.【答案】D、B、C【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第二段Theyfundeducationalprogramsforchildreninremoteareasofpoorcountries,providefoodandhealthcareservices,andhelppreventchildabuse(虐待)whileassistingkidsinconflictanddisasterzones.(他们资助贫困国家偏远地区儿童的教育项目,提供食品和医疗保健服务,帮助防止虐待儿童,同时帮助冲突地区和灾区的儿童)可知,联合国儿童基金会用你的捐款来保护儿童不受虐待。故选D。

(2)细节理解题。根据第三段Ifyou'reawildlifeloverandwouldliketopreventextinctionofrareanimalspecieswhilehelpingconservationofpreciousplantsandanimals,donatetoWWF.(如果你是一个野生动物爱好者,想要防止稀有动物物种的灭绝,同时帮助保护珍贵的植物和动物,捐赠给世界自然基金会)可知,世界自然基金会为你提供了一些帮助植物和动物的方法。故选B。

(3)数字计算题。根据第二段Theyfundeducationalprogramsforchildreninremoteareasofpoorcountries,providefoodandhealthcareservices,andhelppreventchildabuse(虐待)whileassistingkidsinconflictanddisasterzones.(他们资助贫困国家偏远地区儿童的教育项目,提供食品和医疗保健服务,帮助防止虐待儿童,同时帮助冲突地区和灾区的儿童);倒数第二段Theyhelprefugeesbyprovidingfood,clothing,shelter,healthcareandotherbasicnecessities.(他们通过提供食物、衣服、住所、保健和其他基本必需品来帮助难民)以及最后一段Everyday,WFPdeliversfoodtofamine-strickenareasinover80countries.(世界粮食计划署每天向80多个国家的饥荒地区运送粮食)可知,有三个慈善机构向有需要的人提供食物,故选C。

这篇短文主要介绍了四个值得捐赠的慈善机构:联合国儿童基金会(UNICEF)、世界自然基金会(WWF)、联合国难民署(UNHCR)和世界粮食计划署(WFP)。UNICEF致力于为贫困国家偏远地区的儿童提供教育、食物和医疗服务,并帮助预防儿童虐待。WWF帮助保护珍稀动植物物种,可以通过"领养"濒危动物或定期捐款来支持他们的工作。UNHCR帮助难民提供食物、衣物、住所、医疗等基本需求。WFP每天向80多个国家的饥荒地区运送食物,通过捐款购买食物并用卡车、船只和飞机运送给饥饿的人们。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。

4~7.【答案】D、B、D、C【解析】(1)推理判断题。根据文章第一段The

emperor

whose

name

was

Claudius

Ⅱ,grew

worried

that

his

army

was

growing

soft.And

so

he

made

a

law

that

no

soldier

was

allowed

to

get

married.(这位名叫克劳迪斯二世的皇帝开始担心他的军队变得软弱。所以他制定了一条法律,任何士兵都不允许结婚。)可知士兵们不能结婚,因为皇帝克劳迪斯二世禁止结婚。故选D。

(2)推理判断题。根据文章第二段He

believed

that

if

a

man

and

a

woman

fell

in

love

with

each

other,they

should

get

married.And

so

he

decided

to

let

soldiers

get

married

in

his

church,even

though

it

was

against

the

law.(他认为,如果一个男人和一个女人彼此相爱,他们就应该结婚。所以他决定让士兵们在他的教堂里结婚,尽管这是违法的。)可知两个相爱的人应该结婚。故选B。

(3)推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段The

love

story

didn't

continue.Unfortunately,Valentine's

execution

was

set

for

February

14th.(爱情故事没有继续。不幸的是,瓦伦丁的死刑定在2月14日。)和最后一段And

ever

since,people

have

observed

the

day

of

February

14th

called

Valentine's

Day,in

honor

of

this

brave

bishop.(从那以后,人们在2月14日这天庆祝情人节,以纪念这位勇敢的主教。)可知2月14日是情人节,因为一位名叫瓦伦丁的主教在这一天被判死刑。故选D。

(4)文章出处题。根据文章最后一段

This

took

place

in

the

year

270.And

ever

since,people

have

observed

the

day

of

February

14th

called

Valentine's

Day,in

honor

of

this

brave

bishop.(这发生在公元270年。从那以后,人们在2月14日这天庆祝情人节,以纪念这位勇敢的主教。)可知本文主要介绍西方传统节日"情人节"的由来。因此文章应该来自报纸中关于节日的部分。A.Geography.地理;B.Travelling.旅游;C.Festival.节日;D.Life.生活。故选C。

本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了2月14日的情人节的由来。

一、速读全文,了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力,考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读,搜寻关键词、主题句,捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点,并且理清文章脉络,把握语篇实质。

二、看题干,带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型,客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案;而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等,这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次,了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息,然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读,对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性,提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理,做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中,有时作者并未把意图说出来,阅读者要根据字面意思,通过语篇逻辑关系,研究细节的暗示,推敲作者的态度,理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理,不能就事论事,以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。

四、猜词悟义,扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量,掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜",通过构词,语法,定义,同位,对比,因果,常识,上下文等线索确定词义。

8~11.【答案】A、C、A、C【解析】(1)猜测词义题。根据文章第一段In

2009

in

southern

Germany,people

uncovered

a

flute

(长笛)

made

of

an

animal's

wing

bone.The

delicate

instrument

is

one

of

the

oldest

known

musical

instruments

on

Earth,indicating

that

people

have

been

making

music

for

over

40,000

years(2009年,在德国南部,人们发现了一种用动物的翼骨制成的长笛。这种精致的乐器是地球上已知的最古老的乐器之一,这表明人类制作音乐已经超过40,000年了)可知uncovered的意思是"发现"。A.Discover.发现;B.Build.建筑;C.Study.学习;D.Create.创造。故选A。

(2)细节理解题。根据文章第二段Doctors

at

Johns

Hopkins

University

recommend

that

you

listen

to

music

to

stimulate

your

brain.They

have

found

that

listening

to

music

stimulates

more

parts

of

the

brain

than

any

other

human

activity(约翰•霍普金斯大学的医生建议你听音乐来刺激大脑。他们发现,听音乐比其他任何人类活动都能刺激大脑的更多部分)可知据医生说,听音乐的好处是音乐有刺激大脑的力量。故选C。

(3)段落大意题。根据文章第三段Music

also

has

a

positive

effect

on

your

ability

to

memorize.In

one

study,researchers

asked

people

to

read

and

then

recall

short

lists

of

words.They

found

those

who

were

listening

to

classical

music

outperformed

those

who

worked

in

silence

or

with

white

noise.(音乐对你的记忆能力也有积极的作用。在一项研究中,研究人员要求人们阅读并回忆简短的单词列表。他们发现那些听古典音乐的人比那些在安静或有白噪声的环境下工作的人表现更好。)可知第三段的段落大意是音乐可以帮助你有效地记忆。故选A。

(4)观点态度题。根据文章最后一段Neurological

(神经学的)

researchers

have

found

that

listening

to

music

encourages

the

release(释放)

of

several

neurochemicals

that

play

a

role

in

brain

function

and

mental

health

like

dopamine,a

chemical

associated

with

pleasure,and

serotonin,a

chemical

related

to

immunity.(神经学研究人员发现,听音乐会促进几种神经化学物质的释放,这些化学物质在大脑功能和心理健康中发挥作用,如多巴胺(一种与快感有关的化学物质)和血清素(一种与免疫力有关的化学物质)。)可知作者对听音乐的态度是支持的。A.Indifferent.不在乎的;B.Doubtful.怀疑的;C.Supportive.支持的;D.Critical.批评的。故选C。

本文是一篇说明文。短文主要讲述了音乐对记忆能力也有积极影响。一项研究发现,要求人们阅读并回忆短词列表,那些在听古典音乐的人表现比在安静或白噪声环境下工作的人更好。

一、速读全文,了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力,考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读,搜寻关键词、主题句,捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点,并且理清文章脉络,把握语篇实质。

二、看题干,带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型,客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案;而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等,这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次,了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息,然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读,对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性,提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理,做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中,有时作者并未把意图说出来,阅读者要根据字面意思,通过语篇逻辑关系,研究细节的暗示,推敲作者的态度,理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理,不能就事论事,以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。

四、猜词悟义,扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量,掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜",通过构词,语法,定义,同位,对比,因果,常识,上下文等线索确定词义。

12~15.【答案】B、D、D、A【解析】(1)目的意图题。根据文章第一段An

internationally

recognized

symbol

of

France

and

one

of

the

most

famous

structures

in

the

world,the

Eiffel

Tower

was

originally

built

as

the

entrance

to

the

1889

World's

Fair,to

celebrate

the

100th

anniversary

of

the

French

Revolution.(作为国际公认的法国象征和世界上最著名的建筑之一,埃菲尔铁塔最初是作为1889年世界博览会的入口而建造的,以庆祝法国大革命100周年。)可知建造埃菲尔铁塔的目的是为了庆祝法国大革命100周年。故选B。

(2)推理判断题。根据文章第三段By

the

time

the

tower

was

supposed

to

be

removed,however,people

had

realized

that

it

was

a

valuable

way

to

transmit

wireless

telegraph

and

radio

signals,and

city

officials

decided

to

keep

it.It

continues

to

be

used

for

communications

today,with

more

than

100

antennas

(天线)

on

it.(然而,当这座塔应该被拆除时,人们已经意识到这是一种传输无线电报和无线电信号的有价值的方式,市政官员决定保留它。今天,它仍被用于通信,上面有100多根天线。)可知埃菲尔铁塔并没有成为一个临时建筑,因为它是用来传输无线电报和无线电信号的。故选D。

(3)推理判断题。根据文章第四段The

tower

is

completely

repainted

every

seven

years

to

protect

it

from

rusting(生锈),using

60

tons

of

paint

each

time(为了防止生锈,这座塔每七年就要重新粉刷一次,每次要用掉60吨油漆)可知D.It

is

repainted

every

six

years.(每六年重新粉刷一次。)是错误的。故选D。

(4)标题归纳题。根据文章第一段An

internationally

recognized

symbol

of

France

and

one

of

the

most

famous

structures

in

the

world(作为国际公认的法国象征和世界上最著名的建筑之一)和最后一段No

longer

considered

an

eyesore,the

Eiffel

Tower

is

an

icon

of

France

and

is

inside

the

World

Heritage

Site

that

includes

certain

parts

of

Paris.(埃菲尔铁塔不再被认为是碍眼的东西,它是法国的象征,并且位于包括巴黎某些地区在内的世界遗产内。)可知埃菲尔铁塔是法国的标志性建筑,也是世界文化遗产。因此本文的最佳标题是A.An

Icon

of

France(法国的象征)。故选A。

本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了巴黎的埃菲尔铁塔。

一、速读全文,了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力,考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读,搜寻关键词、主题句,捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点,并且理清文章脉络,把握语篇实质。

二、看题干,带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型,客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案;而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等,这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次,了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息,然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读,对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性,提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理,做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中,有时作者并未把意图说出来,阅读者要根据字面意思,通过语篇逻辑关系,研究细节的暗示,推敲作者的态度,理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理,不能就事论事,以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。

四、猜词悟义,扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量,掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜",通过构词,语法,定义,同位,对比,因果,常识,上下文等线索确定词义。

16~20.【答案】A、F、B、G、E【解析】(1)联系上文题。根据上文Doyoufinditdifficulttoputdownyourmobilephone?(你觉得放下手机很难吗?)可知,此处提出一个问题——放下手机很难吗?后文应该对该问题进行回答。A选项"如果是,你并不孤单"符合题意,对前文问题进行回答。故选A。

(2)联系上文题。根据上文Despitetheconveniencesmartphonesbring,manypeoplestrugglewiththeirdigitalhabits.(尽管智能手机带来了便利,但许多人仍在努力改掉自己的数字习惯)可知,此处提到很多用户对他们的数码产品使用习惯很困扰。F选项"70%的人不想花太多时间在手机上"中用具体数字解释手机给人们带来困扰——70%的人不想花太多时间在手机上,符合语境。故选F。

(3)联系下文题。根据下文Thenuserscanlookatallthedetailsoftheirphonehabits.(然后用户就可以查看他们使用手机习惯的所有细节)可知,此处中的then表示承接,设空处应该指出首先应该如何。B选项"它首先从鸟瞰开始"符合题意,选项中的atfirst与后文的then构成顺序关系。故选B。

(4)联系上文题。根据上文WiththeAppTimerfunction,userscansetatimelimitforhowlongtheycanuseeachappforeveryday.(通过App

Timer功能,用户可以设置每天使用每个应用程序的时间限制。)可知,此处指出用户可以设置每天使用每个应用程序的时间限制,由此推知,后文应该指出时间限制的结果。G选项"在达到上限后,他们将无法启动应用程序,直到第二天。"中的thelimit与前文中的atimelimit之间形成呼应,指出时间限定的结果是直到第二天将无法启动应用程序。故选G。

(5)联系上文题。根据上文Itautomatically(自动地)silencesthemwhenusersputtheirphonefacedown.(当用户把手机正面朝下时,它会自动静音。)指出,谷歌新软件的功能是当手机正面朝下的时候,手机会自动静音,由此避免手机用户使用手机。E选项"这项新功能只是减轻"害怕错过"压力的一种方式。"中的"这种新功能"指代的就是前文的"当手机正面朝下的时候,手机会自动静音"的功能,同时该句对管理使用手机的软件进行总结,符合语境。故选E。

本文是一篇说明文。手机的使用不仅给我们带来便利,也让很多手机用户沉迷玩手机而难以自拔。新软件的开发和使用能够帮助手机用户管理自身的手机使用,但问题的实质还是应该靠自己的意志而不是手机软件。

七选五阅读是完成性阅读,和完形填空很类似,不同的是一个选词,一个选句子。解题时,要注意上下文语境,充分考虑信息词(选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词),选出最符合语境的句子。

21~35.【答案】B、C、A、D、B、A、D、B、A、C、D、C、D、B、A【解析】(1)考查形容词及语境理解。A.upset失落的;B.hungry饥饿的;C.cold冷的;D.full满的。句意:有一天,他发现他只剩下一枚硬币,他饿了。根据后文"Shelookedathimand(4)thattheboywashungry."可知,女孩看出了男孩是饥肠辘辘的,由此此处表示男孩只剩下一枚硬币,而且非常饥饿。故选B。

(2)考查名词及语境理解。A.rest休息;B.drink饮料;C.meal餐食;D.assistance帮助。句意:在接近下一户人家时,他决定找一顿饭吃。根据前文"Onedayhefoundthathehadonlyonecoinleft,andhewas(1)."以及后文"Shelookedathimand(4)thattheboywashungry."可知,因为男孩很饿,所以他要决定找一顿饭吃。故选C。

(3)考查动词短语及语境理解。A.askfor询问,询要;B.lookfor寻找;C.searchfor搜寻;D.leavefor动身。句意:但当一个年轻女子打开门时,他只敢要一杯水。根据"aglassofwater"可知,男孩只敢询要一杯水。故选A。

(4)考查动词及语境理解。A.argued争论;B.ignored忽视;C.reminded想起;D.understood明白。句意:她看着他,明白这个男孩饿了。根据后文"Soshebroughthimalargeglassof(5)."可知,于是女孩给他拿了一大杯牛奶,由此可知,女孩明白到男孩是饿了。故选D。

(5)考查名词及语境理解。A.juice果汁;B.milk牛奶;C.coke可乐;D.water

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