新教材高中英语Unit2Makingadifference预习新知早知道1学案外研版

Unit2MakingadifferenceⅠ.匹配词义a．给下列单词选择正确的汉语意思。()1.fountain A．v.useagainafterprocessing()2.internal B．n.基金会()3.recycle C．n.graspingtheinnernature ofthings()4.foundation D．adj.内部的()5.insight E．n.喷水池[答案]1－5EDABCb．给下列短语选择正确的汉语意思。()1.undercontrol A．有影响()2.setup B．得以控制()3.bedeterminedto C．设立，成立，建立()4.makeadifference D．下决心做()5.breakintoasmile E．突然笑起来[答案]1－5BCDAEⅡ.默写单词1．contributionn． 贡献2．reliefn. 减轻，缓解3．shortagen. 短缺，不足，缺乏4．effectiveadj. 有效的，产生预期效果的5．fundv. 为……提供资金，资助6．earnv. 挣(钱)7．donatev. 捐赠，捐献8．realityn. 真实，现实Ⅰ.选词填空reality；donate；shortage；insight；fund；foundation；effective；relief；fountain；internal1．Histimelymoneyreallyfundedmetopayforthecar.2．Thedrinkingfountaininourschoolisbuiltupforourhealth.3．Thefoundationsetuplastmonthisreallybeneficialforthelocalpeople.4．EverytimeItalktoher，shesurprisesmewithherinsight.5．Lackofinternalmotivationisthemainreasonforhisfailure.6．Thefreshwatershortageinthisareashouldbepaidmoreattentionto.7．Muchtomyreliefyouarrivedathomesafeandsound.8．Thenewmedicineiseffectiveincontrollingthebaddisease.9．Manypeoplecametodonatemoneytotheearthquake­strickenarea.10．Ifyouwanttomakeyourdreamareality，you'dbetterstartnow.Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词1．Thesigningofsuchatreatywouldbeamajorcontribution(contribute)toworldpeace.2．Shortage(short)isasituationwhenthereisnotenoughofthepeopleorthingsthatareneeded.3．Aspirinisasimplebuthighlyeffective(effect)treatment.4．Theyaregoingtobuildarecycling(recycle)plantinthetown.5．Parentswithhighearning(earn)paymoreattentiontohowtoraiseawell­educatedchild.6．Donation(donate)issomethinggiventoapersonoracharityinordertohelpthem.7．ThemoneywillgototheSanFranciscoAIDSFoundation(found)．8．Thereality(real)isthatthereisnotenoughmoneytopayforthisproject.1．Helookedacrosstheclassroomatthedrinkingfountain.他望着教室那头的饮水机。2．Seventydollarswasonlyenoughforahandpump.70美元只够买一个手压泵。3．Atthesametime，afriendofRyan'smotherhelpedmakehisstorygopublic.与此同时，瑞恩母亲的一位朋友帮助将他的事迹公布于众。名师圈点①havetroubledoingsth.做某事有困难②fountainn．[C]喷水池drinkingfountainn．[C](设于公共场所的)喷泉式饮水器③earnvt.&vi.挣(钱)earnmoney挣钱④dogardening做园艺；做园艺工作⑤reachone'starget实现某人的目标⑥ahandpump手压泵afootpump脚踏泵⑦bedeterminedtodo...决心做……⑧persuadesb.todosth.说服某人做某事⑨donatevt.捐赠，捐献⑩gopublic公之于世，公开(秘密等)⑪raisevt.筹募，征集raisemoney筹款⑫aprimaryschool小学asecondaryschool中学⑬nolonger＝not...anylonger不再⑭begratefultosb.(forsth.)(因某事)感激某人⑮see...withone'sowneyes某人亲眼看到……⑯delightedadj.高兴的，愉快的，快乐的⑰turnout出席，在场⑱breakintoasmile突然笑起来breakinto...突然开始……⑲⑳setup建立；开办eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))foundationn．[C]基金会eq\o(○,\s\up1(22))eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))attractsupportfrom...吸引……的支持eq\o(○,\s\up1(24))goon(withsth.)(尤指停顿或中断之后)继续(做某事)，持续eq\o(○,\s\up1(25))benefitfrom...得益于……eq\o(○,\s\up1(26))life­changingadj.改变生活的[构词法]由“名词＋现在分词”构成的复合形容词常作定语或表语。常见的此类形容词还有peace­loving(热爱和平的)，time­saving(节省时间的)等。eq\o(○,\s\up1(27))insightn．[C，U]顿悟，猛醒eq\o(○,\s\up1(28))perseverancen．[U]不屈不挠，坚持不懈eq\o(○,\s\up1(29))realityn．[C]真实，现实makeone'sdreamareality＝realizeone'sdream实现某人的梦想课文呈现TheWellthatChangedtheWorld1．Asasix­year­oldCanadianschoolboy，Ryanhadtroublebelieving①thewordsspokenbyhisteacherthatmanypeopleindevelopingAfricancountriescouldn'tgetenoughcleanwater【1】．Helookedacrosstheclassroomatthedrinkingfountain②.Itwasveryclose—onlytenstepsaway.So，Ryanaskedhimself，“WhydosomeAfricanchildrenhavetowalktenkilometrestogetwatereveryday?Andwhyisthewatersodirtythatitmakesthemsick？【2】”YoungRyanthought，“Lifeiseasyforme，buthardforthosepeople.Whydon'tIhelp？”【1】过去分词短语spokenbyhisteacher作后置定语，修饰thewords；that引导同位语从句，解释thewords的具体内容。【2】本句使用了“so...that...”结构，that引导结果状语从句；makesthemsick为“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构。2．Atfirst，hisplanwastoearn③moneytobuildasinglewellsomewhereinAfrica【3】．Hecleanedwindowsanddidgardening④forhisfamilyandneighbours.Hesoonreachedhisfirsttarget⑤of$70，butwhenhegavethemoneytoacharity，hewastoldthatitactuallycost$2，000tobuildawell【4】．Seventydollarswasonlyenoughforahandpump⑥.Ryanunderstoodthatahandpumpwouldn'thelpthechildren.Whattheyneededwasawelldugneartheirhomes．【5】【3】不定式短语toearnmoney在句中作表语；tobuildasingle...Africa作目的状语。【4】此处是“itcosts(sb.)somemoneytodosth.”句式，意为“做某事花费(某人)……钱”。【5】Whattheyneeded是主语从句，What在从句中作宾语；过去分词短语dugneartheirhomes作后置定语，修饰awell。3．Twothousanddollarswasalotofmoney【6】，butRyandidn'tgiveup.Hewasdeterminedto⑦helpotherchildrenhavecleanwater.Hestartedtoaskforhelpfromhisclassmatesandneighboursandpersuadedthemto⑧donate⑨money.Atthesametime，afriendofRyan'smotherhelpedmakehisstorygopublic⑩.Afterseveralmonths，Ryanhadraised⑪the$2，000，withwhichawellwasbuiltnearaprimaryschool⑫inUganda【7】．Thechildrenattheschoolnolonger⑬neededtowalkforhourstogetwater.Theyweregratefulto⑭himandinvitedhimtovisit.【6】表示时间、距离、长度、价值、金额、重量等的可数名词复数作主语时，常被看作整体，谓语动词用单数形式。【7】此处是“介词＋which”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the$2，000。4．InUganda，Ryanatlastsawthefinished【8】wellwithhisowneyes⑮.Butthatwasnotall.Healsosawhundredsofdelighted⑯studentswhohadturnedout⑰towelcomehim.Theysanganddancedhappily.Someevenofferedhimfoodandgifts.AtfirstRyanwasnervous，butsoonagreatwarmthfilledhim.Hereallyhadmadeadifferenceforthesechildren.Hebrokeintoajoyfulsmile⑱.【8】过去分词finished作前置定语，修饰well。5．Later，Ryan'sexperienceledhimto⑲setup⑳afoundation㉑toencouragemorepeopletohelp.Manyinspiredpeoplegavehimtheirsupport.Ryan'sfoundationcontinuesto㉒attractsupportfrom㉓moreandmorepeople，sotheworkofbuildingmorewellscangoon㉔.Today，over800，000peoplein16countriesacrossAfricahavebenefitedfrom㉕thelife­changing㉖giftofclean，safewater.6．Now，asanadult，Ryansaysthatthequestiontoask【9】isnot“Whydon'tIhelp？”，but“HowcanIhelptoday？”．Thisinsight㉗grewfromthedeterminedattitudeofasix­year­oldboywhohadthecourageandperseverance㉘tomakehisdreamareality㉙.【9】此处是不定式作后置定语，修饰thequestion。译文参考改变世界的井1．当瑞恩还是一个6岁的加拿大小学生时，他很难相信他的老师所说的非洲发展中国家的许多人得不到足够的清洁水的话。瑞恩的目光掠过教室，他望着教室那头的饮水器。它是那么近——只有十步远。因此，瑞恩问自己：“为什么有的非洲孩子每天不得不步行十公里去取水？为什么水如此