2023-2024学年度新人教版必修一UNIT 4 Reading and Thinking课件（51张）

2023-2024学年度新人教版必修一UNIT4

NATURALDISASTERSReadingandThinkingTeachingobjectivesBytheendoftheclass,

you

will

beableto:identifythelanguagefeaturesofliteraryjournalismandthestructureofthetext.010203appreciatethefiguresofspeechandwritingskillsusedinthetext.04learnaboutthebasicinformationoftheTangshanearthquake.graspandusesomewordsandphrasesdescribinganaturaldisaster.Canyouguesswhathappenedduringabigearthquake?Buildings_____________felldownPeoplewere_________________________trappedorburiedThewaterpipes_____________________________crackedandburstThecitywas____________andlay_________

destroyedinruins

TheNighttheEarthdidn’tSleep1.What’stextmainlyabout?2.Whatdoesthewritermeanbythetitle?While-readingSkimmingformaininformation.1.Whatkindoftextisit?2.Howaretheeventsarranged?Thetypeofwritingofthetextis

literaryjournalism.Literaryjournalismusuallydescribesrealhistoricaleventsandrealcharacters.Theusageofthefiguresofspeechcanstimulatereaders'feelingsandthustouchthereaders.Thetextisorganizedinchronological/timeorder.Skimmingformaininformation.Readthetextcarefullyandthenwritedownthemainideaofeachparagraph.Paragraph1:Warningsignsbeforetheearthquakes.Paragraph2:______________________________Paragraph3:______________________________Paragraph4:______________________________Paragraph5:______________________________Thehappeningofthebigearthquake.Theimmediateeffectsoftheearthquake.Therescuework.Therevivalofthecity.duringtheearthquake

aftertheearthquakebeforetheearthquakeStrangethingswerehappeningInthevillagewellsInthefarmyardInthefieldIntheskyWhatwastheattitudeofthepeopleinthecitytowardsthosestrangethings?Butthecity’sonemillionpeoplewereasleepasusualthatnight.PeopleignoredthewarningsignsignorantPara1.Strangethingswerehappening.SupportingdetailsAt_________,everythingbegantoshake.____________ofthenationfelttheearthquake.Ahugecrackthatwas_______kilometreslongand

_____metreswidecutacrosshouses.Inlessthan___minute,alargecitylayinruins.

___________ofthepeoplediedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorbadlyinjuredreachedmorethan________.Allofthecity’shospitals,_____ofitsfactoriesandbuildingsand_____ofitshomesweregone.Para2.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend.3:42a.m.Onethirdeight30oneTwothirds

400,00075%90%Howdidpeoplefeelatthattime?shockedSupportingdetailsGuesswhattheword“ruin”meansfromthecontext.课本原句：Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.Thisworddescribesthecitystraightaftertheearthquake.Inashorttime,alotofdamagewasdone,soitmustdescribeaplacethathasbeenbadlydamaged.Learningtip:Whenyouseeawordyoudonotknow,donotstopandlookitupinadictionary.Ifyoucontinuereading,thecontextwillprobablyhelpyouunderstandwhatitmeans.Whatwasthepeople’sfeelingatthattime?Peoplefelthopelessatthattime.Para3.Everywheresurvivorslooked,therewasnothingbutruins.factories,buildingsandhomes,hospitalsbricksdams,bridges,railwaytrackscows,pigs,chickenswater,food,electricitySupportingdetailsPara4.Buthopewasnotlost.

whowhatresult

hopefulSupportingdetailssoldiersdoctorsandnursesworkers

todigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedeadcametoprovidemedicalservice

buildsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyedthecitybegantobreatheagainWhatdoesthewritermeanby“Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain”?Thewritermeansthatthecitybegantofunctionagain,becausetheearthquakehadstoppedpeopleandsuppliesmovingabout,andsoitwaslikethecitycouldn'tbreathe.comebacktolifeorrecoverIthinktherevivalofTangshanwashelpedbythestrongsupportofthegovernmentandthepeoplewhoallworkedinunitytorebuildthecityevenbetterthanbefore.Para5Tangshanstartedtoreviveitselfandgetbackuponitsfeet.WhatdoyouthinkhelpedintherevivalofTangshancity?Thechangeofpeople'sfeelingignorantshockedhopelesshopefulbeforetheearthquakeduringtheearthquakeaftertheearthquakewhentherescuecame1.①Thenighttheearthdidn’tsleep.②Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain.2....thewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfell,roseandfell...Readingforlanguagefeaturesandwritingskillsfigureofspeech:personification拟人Function:tomakethelanguagevividandexpressive,andresonatewithreaders.figureofspeech:Repetition重复Function:tomakethedescriptionmorevividandinvolvethereadersintheatmosphere3.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend.4.①Brickscoveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves.②Hardhillsofrockbecameriversofdirt.Readingforlanguagefeaturesandwritingskillsfigureofspeech:①simile明喻②metaphor暗喻Function:tomakethedescriptionmorevivid.figureofspeech:exaggeration夸张Function:toshowthedestructionwasextremelysevere.What'sthefunctionofthefigures?3:42a.m.11kilometers200kilometers15seconds2/375%,90%400,000Toshowthedisastrousdestructionandsuffering;tomakethepassagetrueandconvincing.After-readingWenchuancountyandsomeothertownsnearWenchuanhavethesimilarexperiences.Thesetownswerebuiltupfromtheruins.Aswellasdevelopingbetterwaystodetectandprepareforthesedisasters,wehavelearntthatactingquicklyandinunityisthebestwaytogetoversuchdisasters.Thestrongsupportfromgovernmentandpeoplearoundarealsoveryimportant.DiscussionWhatothercitiesortownshavegonethroughsimilarchanges?Whatlessonscanwelearnfromtheseevents?Livetotell:Raisingawareness,reducingmortality.用生命呼吁：增强减灾意识，减少人员伤亡。Home-work1.Summarizethepassage.2.DosomeresearchonothernaturaldisastersbysurfingtheInternetandmakeareport.Ⅰ阅读理解（根据课文内容选择正确答案）1.Thetitle“Thenighttheearthdidn’tsleep”means________.A.theearthwasawakeallnightlongB.theearthshooklikecrazythatnightC.animalsontheearthwouldnotsleepthatnightD.peopleontheearthcouldn’tfallasleepthatnight2.Howdidtheauthorwritethedetailsofthedamage?A.Intimeorder. B.Inspaceorder.C.Byexampleswithdata. D.Bymakingcontrasts（对比）.○○附：课文预习自测3.Whatdoesthelastsentence“Slowly，thecitybegantobreatheagain.”inthelastbutoneparagraphmean?A.Thetreesturnedgreen.B.Theanimalsbegantobreathe.C.Thecityreturnedtonormalgradually.D.Peoplewhoweretrappedcametolife.4.Accordingtothelastparagraph，inwhichaspect（方面）hasTangshanimproveditself?A.Industry. B.Environment.C.Transportation. D.Alloftheabove.○○Ⅱ语法填空（根据课文内容和语法规则完成短文）

ManystrangethingshappenedbeforeTangshanearthquakehappened.Thewellwallshaddeepcracks.Somesmellygascameout1_______

wells.Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat.At3：42on2________

morningofJuly28，1976，everythingbegantoshake.Itseemedasiftheworld3____________（come）toanend.Hardhillsofrockbecameriversofdirt.Inlessthanoneminute，thewholecitylayin4________（ruin）.Twothirdsofthepeoplediedorwereinjured.Everythinginthecitywasdestroyed.People5_____________（shock）atthisandwonderedhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.Thearmyorganisedteamstodigoutthose6________

weretrappedandtoburythedead.Workersbuiltsheltersfor7_________（survive）.Freshwaterandfoodweretakentothecity.Slowly，thecitybegan8__________（breathe）again.Withstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandthetirelesseffortsofthecity’speople，anewTangshanwasbuiltupontheearthquakeruins.It9_________________（prove）thatintimesofdisaster，peoplemustunifyandshowthe10________（wise）tostaypositiveandrebuildforabrighterfuture.ofthewerecomingruinswereshockedwhosurvivorstobreatheproves/hasprovedwisdomLanguagepoints核心词汇教材原句p.50 Inlessthanoneminute，alargecitylayinruins.

在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为废墟。1ruinn.&vt.破坏；毁坏 inruins严重受损；破败不堪 gotoruin/fallintoruin衰落，败落 reducesth.toruins把某物夷为废墟Thewholecitylayinruinsaftertheearthquake，whichmadeusawakeallnight.地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜未眠。Theydon’twanttoseeourcountryfall

intofinancialruin，orhavechildrengohungry，orseeschoolsfail.他们不愿看到我们的国家陷入经济崩溃、或是让孩子们挨饿、或者学校停办。Thebadweatherruinedourtrip.坏天气破坏了我们的旅行。Thecountrywasruinedbythewar.这个国家因战争而遭到严重破坏。搭配题组练·领悟方法【词语辨析】ruin，damage与destroy（1）ruin严重地“毁坏”，侧重指破坏事物的内在价值。

Theillnesshasruinedmylife.这个病毁掉了我的生活。（2）damage部分性“破坏”“损坏”，一般还可以修复。Youhavedamagedmybike；you’dbettergetitrepaired.你弄坏了我的自行车，你最好找人修一修。（3）destroy彻底地“破坏”“毁坏”，一般不能或很难再修复。Thebombcompletelydestroyedthatbuilding.炸弹彻底炸毁了那栋建筑。单句语法填空（1）Shortlyaftersufferingfromamassiveearthquakeandbeingreducedto________（ruin），thecitytookonanewlook.（2）［词汇复现］Thewholetown___________（ruin）bytheheavystormlastnight.Thearmysent10，000soldierstohelprescuethetrappedpeople.完成句子（3）Carlcaresaboutnothingandhasletthefarm___________________________（败落）.（4）Eversincetheearthquake，thisplacehasbeen________________（一片废墟）.辨析填空：damage，ruin，destroy（5）Mycarwas__________

inanaccident，soIhavetobuyanewone.（6）Mynewshoesgot________

inthemud.（7）Theaccidentcausedsome________

tomycar，butit’snothingserious.ruinswasruinedgotoruin/fallintoruininruins

destroyedruineddamage教材原句p.50Peoplewereinshock…人们惊恐万状……2shockn.&vt.（1）n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克搭配：inshock震惊，吃惊He’sstillinastateofshock.他至今还惊魂未定。Thenewsofhisdeathcameasagreatshocktoeveryone.他去世的消息让所有人都非常震惊。Shewastakentohospitalsufferingfromshock.她因休克被送到医院。（2）vt.（使）震惊搭配：Itshockssb.tosee/hear...看到/听到……使某人震惊。Itshockedthemtohearthathehadgoneabroad.听说他出国的消息，他们惊讶不已。【词语积累】（1）shockedadj.惊愕的，震惊的beshockedat/by对……感到震惊beshockedtodosth.对做某事感到震惊shockedlook/expression/voice震惊的表情/声音（2）shockingadj.令人震惊的，令人憎恶的It’sshockingthat...……是令人憎恶的。shockingnews令人震惊的消息单句语法填空（1）Ilookedatmyhusband________

shock，waitingforhimtotellmethatIhadmisunderstoodeverything.（2）Itshockedme________（think）howclosewehadcometobeingkilled.（3）Peoplewere________（shock）toseethatthelittlegirlwasoftenbeatenbyherstepmother.The________（shock）news________（shock）allthepeoplearound，whichwasalso________

shocktoherfatherwhowasworkingabroad.完成句子（4）__________________________（听到……让我震惊）thatthehospitalwasclosingdown.（5）Theparents_______________________（对……感到震惊）thenewsthattheirsonneededanoperationonhisknee.

intothinkshockedshockingshockedaItshockedmetohearwereshockedby/at

教材原句p.50 ...todigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.

……将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。3trapvt.&n.（1）vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套（trap—trapped—trapped） be/gettrappedin困在……中；陷入……中 trapsb.intodoingsth.诱使某人做某事Theyweretrappedinthelift.他们被困在电梯里。Bycleverquestioningtheytrapped

him

intotellingthetruth.他们用巧妙的提问诱使他说出真相。（2）n.险境；陷阱 lay/setatrap（forsb.）（给某人）设下圈套 fall/walkintoatrap落入圈套peoplecaughtintheunemploymenttrap陷入失业困境中的人们Ifyouchoosethisway，you’relikelytofall

intoatrap.如果你选择这条路，你可能会落入圈套。搭配搭配单句语法填空（1）Fireofficersusedcuttingequipmenttofreehislegs，which______________（trap）underasteelbeam.（2）________（trap）intohisliesoverandoveragain，shefeltverydisappointed.完成句子（3）［词汇复现］They________________（被困在）themountain，waitingtoberescued.（4）［词汇复现］午夜，他们终于救出了困在山谷中的游客。___________________________________________________________________weretrappedTrappedweretrappedinAtmidnighttheyfinallyrescuedthetouristswhoweretrappedinthevalley.4buryvt.埋葬；安葬 buryone’sface/headinsth.把脸/头埋在某物里面 buryoneselfin埋头于，专心于 buryone’sfeelings感情不外露Heburiedhisfaceinhishandsandwept.他双手掩面而泣。You’llhavetobury

yourself

inyourstudiesifyouwanttopasstheentranceexaminations.要想通过入学考试，你必须埋头读书。Hehaslearnttobury

his

feelings.他已经学会了感情不外露。搭配【归纳拓展】“专心于，致力于”的多种表达：belostin beabsorbedin devoteoneselfto=bedevotedtoconcentrateon focuson Theoldmanwaslostinthoughtanddidnothearuscomein.这个老人凝神沉思，没有听见我们进来。Timepassesquicklywhenyouare

absorbed

inreadingagoodbook.当你专心读一本好书时，时间就过得飞快。Ifyouconcentrate

ontheproject，youcanfinishitontime.你如果专注于这个项目，就可以按时完成。单句语法填空（1）Themandugoutsomegoldfromthecanal，buthewonderedwhere________（bury）it.（2）Eversincehemovedthere，he________________（bury）inhisresearchwork.完成句子（3）He___________________________________（双手掩面）andburstintotears.（4）［词汇复现］________

inrescuingthetrappedgirl，therescueworkersdidn’tnoticeherparents_________

wereburiedundertheruins.=________

themselvesinrescuingthetrappedgirl，therescueworkersdidn’tnoticeherparents_____________

undertheruins.专心营救那个被困的女孩，救援工人没有注意到被埋在废墟下的女孩的父母。toburyhasbeenburiedburiedhisfaceinhishandsBuriedwho/thatBurying（were）buried教材原句p.50 Slowly，thecitybegantobreatheagain.

慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。5breathevi.&vt.呼吸搭配：breathein/out吸气/呼气Hisillnessisaresultofbreathinginpaintfumesovermanyyears.他的病是多年吸入油漆气体引起的。Hebreatheddeeplybeforespeakingagain.他深深吸一口气，然后继续说下去。【词语积累】breathn.呼吸的空气；一次吸入的空气outofbreath气喘吁吁，上气不接下气 holdone’sbreath屏住呼吸

takeadeepbreath深吸一口气 loseone’sbreath喘不过气来【误区警示】loseone’sbreath与beoutofbreath虽然含义相同，但是loseone’sbreath表示动作，beoutofbreath表示状态。单句语法填空（1）Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood___________（breathe）.完成句子（2）Daniel___________________________（深吸一口气）anddivedintothewater.（3）Thedoctortoldmeto__________________（深深吸气）andthen__________________（慢慢呼气）.（4）Fredenteredwithoutknockingand，______________（上气不接下气），sankintoachair.tobreathetookadeepbreathbreatheindeeplybreatheoutslowlyoutofbreath教材原句p.50Withstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandthetirelesseffortsofthecity’speople...有了来自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力……6effort

n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力 makeanefforttodosth.尽力做某事 Ittakesefforttodosth.花费精力去做某事。 sparenoefforttodosth.不遗余力地做某事 puteffortinto（doing）sth.努力做某事 inanefforttodosth.为了做某事 with/withouteffort费力地/毫不费力地Theyaremakingeffortstoreducepoverty.他们正在努力减少贫困。Iwillmake

everyefforttoachievemygoal.我将尽一切努力来实现我的目标。Youshouldput

more

effort

intoyourwork.你应该更加努力地工作。搭配单句语法填空（1）Thereisnoneedtoworryaboutitasthegovernmentisnowmakingeveryeffort__________（provide）morejobs.（2）Thecompanyhaslaidoff（解雇）150workersin________

efforttosavemoney.完成句子（3）Jack______________________________（已努力改进）hisequipment.（4）准备一次展览要花费很多时间和精力。________________________________________________________toprovideanhasmadeanefforttoimprove

Ittakesalotoftimeandefforttogetanexhibitionready.教材原句p.51 ...thoughtheyweresufferingfromterribleinjuries...

……尽管他们受了重伤……7suffervt.&vi.（1）vt.遭受；蒙受 pain/hardship经历痛苦/困难 adefeat/aloss/damage/punishment遭受失败/损失/损害/惩罚Sheissufferingalotofpain.她遭受着巨大的痛苦。Thecarsufferedheavydamageintheaccident.这辆汽车在事故中遭到了严重破坏。搭配：suffer（2）vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦 abadback背疼 abadcold患重感冒 illhealth身体不好 aheadache/toothache头痛/牙痛Howlonghaveyoubeensufferingfromaheadache?你头痛有多久了？【词语积累】sufferern.患病者；受苦者；受难者

sufferingn.苦难；痛苦；让人痛苦的事（常用复数）搭配：sufferfrom单句语法填空（1）Millionsofpeoplesufferdiscomfort________oneormorecoldseachyear.（2）［词汇复现］After________（suffer）seriousdamagecausedbytheterribleearthquake，Japanrealizedtheimportanceoflivinginharmonywithnature.（3）Theoldmanissaidtohavegonethroughmany__________（suffer）duringthewar.完成句子（4）玛丽眼下身体不好。Maryis___________________________atthemoment.（5）许多国家在金融危机中损失惨重。Manycountries________________________inthefinancialcrisis.fromsufferingsufferingssufferingfromillhealthsufferedhugelosses重点句式教材原句p.50Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!仿佛世界末日即将来临！【句式分析】句中asif（＝asthough）意为“仿佛，好像”，引导表语从句。此外asif还可以引导方式状语从句。1asif引导的表语从句（1）如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的，从句要用陈述语气。Itsoundsasifitisraining.听起来像是在下雨。（陈述语气）（2）当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极不可能发生或存在的情况时，从句要用虚拟语气。①如果表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句谓语用一般过去时，be动词用were。Itseemsasifitwereraining.外面看起来好像下雨一样。（虚拟，其实并没有下雨）②如果表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句谓语用过去完成时，即“had+过去分词”。Theytalkedasthoughtheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.他们谈起话来就像多年的老朋友。③如果表示与将来事实相反的情况，从句谓语用“would/could/might+动词原形”。Heopenedhismouthasifhewouldsaysomething.他张开嘴好像要说什么。单句语法填空（1）Hetalksasifhe________（know）everythingintheworld.（2）［词汇复现］Hedescribedthecharactersinthenovelasifhe________（meet）themfacetoface.（3）Tomraisedhishandsasif________（say）something.（4）Elizarememberseverythingexactlyasifit__________（happen）yesterday.完成句子（5）__________________________（看起来好像）hedidn’tcareabouteverythingaroundhim.（6）He________________________（看上去好像）hewasabouttoburstintotears.（7）Shelefttheroomhurriedly________________________（好像生气的样子）.knewhadmettosayhappenedItseemedasiflookedasifasif（shewas）angry教材原句p.50Thousandsofchildrenwereleftwithoutparents.数以千计的孩子失去了父母。【句式分析】句中的谓语wereleft使用了被动语态，withoutparents为主语补足语；其主动形式应为leavethousandsofchildrenwithoutparents。2leave+宾语+宾语补足语