语法专题十定语从句Abby

中考英语语法复习专题十定语从句学习目标1掌握定语从句的构成与用法。2准确判断关系词的运用。学会分析句子成分学会定语从句的关键主语宾语定语状语主语一句话中，行为的主导着，即该句话中，动作的执行者。常放于句首。宾语定语状语主语行为的对象，即动作的承受者，常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。用来说明或者限制名词的成分，常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。这里指该句话中，动作所发生的时间或地点，即时间状语或地点状语TheteacherwithglassestaughtEnglishinthatschoollastterm主语定语宾语地点状语时间状语在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句分

为__________和__________两个部分。先行词关系词先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词（通常是名词或代词）。关系词：引导定语从句的词。Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair句子作定语,修饰girl,叫做定语从句Maryisabeautifulgirl形容词作定语定语从句：先行词关系词定语从句Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair关系代词关系副词that,who,whom,whose,whichwhere,when,why定语从句的结构关系词的作用：指代先行词，又在从句中充当相应的句子成分。考点一关系代词的用法:1当先行词是物时,用that或which引导Thesearethetreesthat/whichwereplantedlastyear2当先行词是人时,用who/that/whom引导Themanwho/that/whomIvisitedyesterdayismyuncle关系代词在从句中可以充当主语，宾语或定语。3当先行词与定语从句关系词后的名词存在从属关系时，关系词选用whoseIliethebagwhosecolorisblue先行词主语宾语所有格（定语）指人指物考点一：关系代词的选择请归纳总结定语从句中的关系代词，并填写下列表格：who，thatwhom,thatwhosewhich,thatwhich,thatwhosewho,whom,whose,that用法区别1who作定语从句的主语或宾语ThemanwhoisseetingisaworerThemanisaworerThemanisseeting分解作主语2Whom作定语从句的宾语ThewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacherThewomanisateacherTheywantedtovisitthewoman分解作宾语常可以省略

3who与whom先行词指人的辨析在定语从句中作宾语，两者可互换，且可省略。Theteacherwho/whomLiMingistalingtoisTom'sfather在定语从句中作主语时，只用who在定语从句中作宾语，但是介词提在从句前时，只用whomYesterdayIhelanwholosthiswayefromwhomyouborrowedtheboo4whose作定语从句主语的定语,即先行词与定语从句的主语存在从属关系Inowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher分解InowthegirlThegirl’smotherisateacher作定语5that可以作定语从句的主语或宾语注意:关系代词作动词宾语时可省略Thewomanthat/who/whomtheywantedtovisitisateacher分解ThewomanisateacherTheywantedtovisitthewoman◆考点一：关系代词的选择1Theman____________ItaledtoisourteacherAwhich Bwho Cwhose2oeinaayhavetoentAwho Bwhat Cwhom3Thefood____________youcooedisdeliciousAwhich Bwhat Cwho4Teenagersliereadingtheboos__________arewrittenbyGuoJingmingAwhose Bthat Cwho5Theboy________bagisblueismybrotherAwho Bwhose Cthat6Iwanttochangethedes_________legisbroenAwhose Bthat CwhichBAABBAthat既可指人又可指物；who只能指人；which只能指物考点二：关系代词只用that的情况1）当先行词是指物的不定代词，如：all,any,every,some（anything,something,everythingnothing）,none…例：Doyouhaveanythingthatyouwanttosayforyourself2）当先行词前面有下列词修饰时：theonly,thevery,just,little,few等例：ThisistheverybusthatI’mwaitingfor3）当先行词是形容词的最高级或先行词的前面有形容词最高级修饰时例子：Thisisthebestthathasbeenusedagainstpollution4）当先行词是序数词或前面有序数词修饰时例：ThetrainisthelastthatwillgotoSuhou5）当先行词既有人,又有物例：Doyounowthethingsandedal7）主句是therebe句型且关系词在从句中作主语时例：Thereisaseatinthecornerthatisstillavailable考点三：只能用which不用that的情况1介词前置时，不用that。即介词提在定语从句前。2非限制性定语从句不用thatistheroominwhichhelivesegThe

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yesterday时,避免重复，用whichegWhat’s

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des考点三：用合适的关系代词填空。isthefirstthing_____________Iamsuosttouchingmusic__________Ihaveeverheard3Canyoutellmeanything__________Idon'tnow4Thehousein________heoncelivedisameetingroom5Thisistheonlystory__________I’minterestedin6Thenovel,_________Ihavereadthreetimes,isverymoving7Tomandhiscat___________arerunningtowardsusarebothcute8Isthatthefilm________youtaledaboutlastweethatthatthatwhichthatwhichthatwhich考点四：关系副词的选择1当先行词是地点且定语从句完整时,用where引导2当先行词是时间且定语从句完整时,用when引导ThisistheschoolwhereIusedtostudyWinteristhetimeofyearwhenthedaysareshortandnightsarelong3当先行词是原因且定语从句完整时,用why引导Idon’tnowthereasonwhyyouarelateagain关系副词在从句中起到副词（作状语）和介词短语的作用◆考点四：关系副词的选择1Ilietheethereason________youarelateagainAwhy Bthat Cwhich3Istillremembertheday__________IfirstcametoAmericaAthat Bwhich Cwhen先行词虽然是地点或时间，但是定语从句不完整，当地点或时间的先行词在从句中充当主语，宾语或定语时，仍然用that/whichcAC到底用关系代词还是关系副词引导定语从句？要先弄清楚关系词在定语从句中是做主语、宾语、定语还是状语。如果做主语、宾语，就用whowhichthat;作宾语还可以省略不用。如果做定语，就用whose;如果做状语，就用关系副词when,why,whereIlietoliveinthehousewhich/thatisquietandbeautifulIlietoliveinthehousewheretherearetreesIlietoliveinthehousewhosewindowsarebigThisistheroomthat/whichIlivedinIlivedintheroom宾语Seber18thisthedaythat/whichalltheChineseneverforgetalltheChineseneverforgettheday宾语◆考点五：关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中的区别1Thisisthehouse_______Iwored2yearsagoAwhichBwhere Cthat2Thisisthehouse_________IvisitedlastyearAwhereBthat Cwhen3I’llneverforgettheday_______wesyAwhenBthat CwhyBBCAIworedinthehouseIvisitedthehousewespentthedayIjoinedthearmyonthedayThanyou中考英语语法复习专题十定语从句长沙湘一立信实验学校金小年学习目标1掌握定语从句的构成与用法2习题巩固练习，学会灵活运用定语从句。定语从句基本知识简要回顾：定语从句是什么？在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。2定语从句的基本形式：先行词关系词定语从句关系词关系代词从句不完整充当主语，宾语或定语关系副词从句完整充当状语1Ihaveafriend________lieslisteningtoclassicalmusicwho/thatwhich/thatwhose3Theman______legbroeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer2YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress_________Igaveher4Myorethan100yearsoldwhich/that5Theboywith_______Johntaledismybrother6evinisreadingaboo_________istoodifficultforhim7Isthereanything________youwanttobuyinthetown______wecandoistostudyhard9Thefirstone_____standsupisalittleboywhomwhich/thatthatthatthat定语从句关系代词练习：经典真题直击中考1IusicAthatusic____youecitedAthatmaesBthatmaeCwhomaes定语从句的谓语动词的形式要和先行词保持一致1Thefactory_____MrLiusedtoworwasclosedlastweeAwhen Bwhere Cthat Dwhich2Doyoustillremembertheday_____wefirstmetAthat Bwhen Cwhat Donthat3October1,1949istheday_____we’llneverforgetAwhen Bthat Cwhere DinwhichBB定语从句关系词练习：BMrLiusedtowor（inthefactory）Wefirstmet（ontheday）We’llneverforgettheday4October1,1949wastheday_____theemberthesittingroom_____mymotherandIusedtositintheeveningAwhat Bwhich Cthat DwhereBAD定语从句关系副词练习：区分关系词在定语从句中作主语，宾语还是状语，依据关系词在从句中所做成分（从句是否完整）判断用关系代词还是关系副词。thePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded（ontheday）theshopsellschildren’sclothingmymotherandIusedtosit（inthesittingroom）关系副词的其他用法：关系副词可以转换为介词which的形式：where=in/at/onwhichWuhanisthefirstcitywherethenovelvirushasbeenidentifiedWuhanisthefirstcityinwhichthenovelvirushasbeenidentified2when=in/at/on/duringwhichThestartoftheyear2020isaterribletimewhenmanythenovelvirusThestartoftheyear2020isaterribletimeduringwhichmanythenovelvirus3why=forwhichNowthereasonwhypeoplegetinfectedbythenovelvirusisclearNowthereasonforwhichpeoplegetinfectedbythenovelvirusisclear

关系副词在从句中起到介词短语的作用考点六：非限定性定语从句IlieallcityinChina,whichisnowntofewpeople限定性定语从句：是句中不可缺少的部分，否则句子意思不完整，从句主句不用逗号隔开。翻译时常译作：“的”，放在先行词前非限定性定语从句：是主句先行词的补充说明，如缺少不影响句子意思，从句主句用逗号隔开。翻译时常译作另外一个句子。Itwasraininghard,_____eptusindoorsAwhich Bthat Cas DwhatA◆考点六：非限定性定语从句请翻译下列句子：HelivesinHanghou,whichisabeautifulcity_____________________________________MrSmith,whoisintheoffice,wantstoseeyou______________________________________Theearthgoesaroundthesun,whichisnowntoeveryone______________________________________他住在杭州，那是个美丽的城市。Smith先生在办公室，他想见你。地球绕着太阳转，这是大家都知道的。1ThemunistPartywasfoundedwhich Bthat Cwhen 5Thatistheday______I'llneverforgetAwhich Bonwhich Cwhen随堂演练：ACAcAtheChineseCommunistPartywasfounded（intheyear）I'llneverforgettheday6Thefactory______we'llvisitnetweeisnotfarfromhereAwhere Btowhich Cwhich 7Greatchangeshavetaens_______havebeenshownthisyearAthat Bwhich Cwho9Helivesinahouse_________windowsarebroenAthat Bwhich Cwhose10Iliethesecondfootballmatch__________washeldlastwee

Awhich Bwho Cthat cAAccwe'llvisitthefactorynetweeweareworing（inthefactory）11Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontof______satasmallboyAwhom Bwho Cwhich 12Isthatthereason__________youareinfavoroftheproposal

Awhich Bwhat Cwhy13Lucyissittingonthechair_______legisbroenAwhich Bwho's Cwhose14Iwanttonowthereason_________youaresoangryAthat