语法填空上课讲解动词山东省淄博市淄川区般阳中学高考英语

高三英语语法填空专题复习

动词时态语态单复数

“八字法”：____、____、____、____、____、____、____、____。高考语法填空考点浓缩：动名形副冠介代连有提示词：名、动、形、副无提示词：冠、介、代、连（注：人称代词有时给出提示词）有提示词：动词

Q1：遇到考试时，短文看不懂，只懂部分单词，句子不会翻译，且给出的提示词是自己不懂的，作为高考生，该怎么办呢？使用“八字法”，考虑：动、名、形、副；记住它们的位置！位置即用法！不需翻译！前后兼顾，答案立现!★注意：文章中双引号内的内容之时态无需跟双引号外文章的主体时态一致，只跟说话人当时表达的意思有关！▲讨论题1：如何在语法填空题中判断该空是缺动词？（即动词在句子中充当什么成分？）▲讨论题2：如何在语法填空题中区分谓语与非谓语？如是谓语动词，则体现在动词的时态和语态的考查；如是非谓语动词，则要区分主动、进行；被动、完成；或是未做、目的。注意动词的位置！注意动词的位置（学会区分谓语与非谓语）一般情况下：主语谓语非谓语（主谓之间有时会出现副词，如：usually,often,always,seldom…）少数情况下：注意主谓之间有插入成分，如非谓语、介词短语、定语从句、同位语（从句）主语非谓语谓语非谓语（Doing作主语）谓语……When/Whiledoing…,主语谓语注意动词的位置（学会区分谓语与非谓语）一般情况下：主语谓语非谓语（主谓之间有时会出现副词，如：usually,often,always,seldom…）少数情况下：注意主谓之间有插入成分，如非谓语、介词短语、定语从句、同位语（从句）主语非谓语谓语非谓语（Doing作主语）谓语……When/Whiledoing…,主语谓语谓语常考时态与语态：do/does一般现在时（注意第三人称单数）did一般过去时（注意不规则动词变化）am/is/aredone一般现在时被动语态was/weredone一般过去时被动语态has/havedone现在完成时was/weredoing过去进行时am/is/aredoing现在进行时haddone过去完成时时态题关键是看时间状语,也可通过前后其它动词的时态，或通过语境确定，要特别注意时态的转变！非谓语常考形式：todo/doing/done快速区分谓语与非谓语

★动词要考虑及物还是不及物，及物动词要带宾，如无宾，则被动！如：requiresbtodosth谓语（主动语态）berequiredtodosth谓语（被动语态）；如是非谓语，则去掉be动词，剩下过去分词。done（by动作执行者）

动

词后缀例词-en使变得，使成为……lengthen延长harden使变得坚固strengthen加固-fy使……化satisfy使满意beautify美化

simplify简化-ize/ise使……，变成……realize意识到；实现industrialize使工业化名词转化为动词water(n)→water(v)浇水book(n)→book(v)预订

handle(n)柄，把手→handle(v)处理，对付形容词转化为动词cool(adj)凉爽的→cool(v)使冷却

better(adj)较好的→better(v)改善calm(adj)使镇定的→calm(v)使镇定词形变化一、常考的现在时态1、一般现在时：主语动词原形……（注意常考点：当主语为第三人称单数时，谓语s/es）2、现在完成时：主语has/havedone…已经做了某事★熟记句型：Itisthefirst/secondtimethat主语has/havedone……这是某人第一次/第二次做某事★Thisisthe形容词最高级nthat主语has/havedone…★主语has/havedone…since主语动词过去式……背诵并默写现在完成时所用的时间词:since,eversince,recently,lately,sofar,yet,allthisyear,allmylife,ever,never,already,before,just,for一段时间,in/duringthelast//is/aredoing…now正在做二、常考的过去时态4、一般过去时：主语动词过去式……常见的时间状语如：yesterday,lastwee/month/year,in2018,when,yearsago,then,justnow,etc★熟记句型：Itistimethatsbdidsth“该是……的时候了。”would/hadrathersbdidsth“宁愿某人做某事”5、过去完成时：主语haddone…★熟记句型：Itwasthefirsttimethat主语haddone…这是某人第一次做某事的时候6、过去进行时：主语was/weredoing…whensbdidsth…★表示过去动作发生先后的句型：“一……就……”①haddonebefore/when一般过去时（后发生）先发生②一般过去时（后发生）after/tillShaddone先发生③Hardly/ScarcelyhadS1donewhenS2一般过去时S2一……S1就已经……NosoonerhadS1donethanS2一般过去时（后发生）加-ing要双写的常见动词：一个m，两个d和gswimnod,riddig,beg三个n，四个op,stopsit,hit,fit,set,get,let,put,forget,pat,regret,noddingittingittingbeginningming；shuttingoppingrubbingdraggingdiggingcuttinghitting；sittingbidding；grabbinggettingwinning双写辅音加ing口诀（此处收录33个词）：点头允许轻拍拥抱；让人停止啜泣；忘记心烦意乱；后悔计划退出跑步，承认开始喜欢游泳；关闭放置浸水设置；控制指的是禁止发生抹、擦、拖、挖、剪、撞击，坐着投标，抓住得赢。★V-ing需双写的常见单词：背诵默写注意：die,tie,lie的ing形式为dying,tying,lyingAreyoufacingasituationthatloosimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleaneduostoutstandingeamentalcleanuonths．Ittooyearsofwor65________reducetheindustrialaybeyouarefacinganimaybeyouhaveahabit67isdrivingyourfamilycray．uchordon’tnowhowtocontrolyourcreditcarduse．WhenyoufacesuchanimethingtochangeimmediatelyWhilethereare68amaestoriesofinstanttransformation,formostofusthe69changearegradualandrequirealotofeffortandwor,liecleaningupapollutedriver．Justbe70patience．2014年全国卷I语法填空谓语

非谓语

was非谓语熟记句型Ittoo．．．todosth．toreduce不需翻译！前后兼顾，答案立现!Yangshuo,ChinaItwasraininglightlywhenI61_________arriveinYangshuojustbeforedawnButIdidn’tcareAfewhours62,I’dbeenathomeinHongong,with63itchoingsmogHere,theairwascleanandfresh,evenwiththerainI’dsiingapanyinHongong,saysit69regulararrangesquicgetawayshereforpeople70_____liveinShanghaiandHongong2015年全国卷I语法填空谓语

非谓语

主句谓语从句谓语was/weredoing…when从句用一般过去时arrived谓语is过去分词短语作后置定语此处name为动词，意为“命名”，后面接宾语。本段介绍阳朔景色，用一般现在时。conducted从句谓语living现在分词短语作后置定语不需翻译！前后兼顾，答案立现!doneby动作执行者【走向高考】Ⅰ单句语法填空1．2016·全国卷ⅢConfuciusbelievedniveswouldremindother________drivetheyoungesYangshuoasoneofthetoainggreateffortstorunaway,she________falloverthehillanddied6．2015·广东卷Hesoldorechangedsomeofthemilinthetownsnearbyforotherfoodandmadecheeseandbutterforthefamilywithwhat________leave．7．2014·全国卷ⅡThenthedriverstoodupandased，“________anyoneloseasuitcaseatthelaststop？”werewasworingdroveisfellwasleftDid8．2014·广东卷We___________tellthatourroomshadn'tbeenreservedforthatwee,butfortheweeafter9．2017·广东佛山二模In2006,I________feelIneededanewchallengesoIdecidedtotaeafilmmaingcourse10．2017·河北It'struethatourfuture_____________determinebymanythings11．2017·辽宁Whenwegothome,shewasfineeceewastechemicals________alsandfish13．2017·浙江AccordingtoCharleseeling,theamountofcarbondioide________increaseshare,thebedroomsandnowI________sitbyoneintheitchen15．2017·湖南OnAasandhisfriendfinally____________establishwhatiscurrentlynownasthefirstschoolfordeafpeople

weretoldisdeterminedfelthadbeenthrown/werethrownareputincreasedamsittingestablishedMybestfriendaiyaisliemeSheremindmeofmyselfIntheyayweight，myheight，myhairstyle，etcAtthattime，IwastheshorteststudentinmyclassIstartedgettingdeeonetoldmesomethingthatIwillalwaysrememberItwasinMarchSurroundedbyagroueandlaughedatme，Icouldn'thelyfaceliearushingriverTomysureoneliftedmyheadumyeyesIthennewitwasourEnglishteacher，MissLiShesaid“Youbeonths，IlearnthatnooneiseforwhoIamNow，seeingaiyacry，IdecidetotellherthesamethingMissLitellme答案：5．willacceptinspiredlearnedlearntwerewasworingdroveisfellwasleftDidweretoldisdeterminedfelthadbeenthrown/werethrownareputincreasedamsittingestablished答案：5．willacceptinspiredlearnedlearntHitandfornamedvaluableFindingItthemsuccessfullyworers阅读下面短文，在空白处填入不超过3个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。OnSeber19,2017,adeadlyearthquae57．____________hitMeico,illingmorethan300anybuildingsinthenation’scaeicoCity．Inthedaysthatfollowed,rescueteamswentouttosearch59．____________ongthehumansdiggingthroughtheruinswasafour­leggedheleFrida．Frida,arescuedog,wasnamedafterMeicaneicanNavy海军．Sheisa61．____________valuememberofherteam,oftengettingintosanscan’treach．AccordingtotheNavy,shehasa“sithsense”for62．____________findhumans,andthat’sunlieanyotherdogthey’veevertrainedbefore．63．____________isherjobtosniffouteico,HaitiandEcuador,and12of64．____________theywerefounda