高考英语二轮复习重难点突破练习题型一 阅读理解（1细节理解题）（含解析）

题型一阅读理解(细节理解题)目录TOC\o"1-1"\h\u一、考情解读 1二、命题分析预测 1三、聚焦核心素养 2四、题型突破 2五、真题探究 3六、考法解题能力提升 8七、精选考点题型专练 12一、考情解读1.阅读理解旨在考查考生理解不同题材和体裁的书面材料以及从中获取信息的能力。2.要求考生能读懂有关日常生活的简短文字材料,例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报纸、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段。3.考生应能:理解主旨要义;理解文中具体信息;根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义;做出判断和推理;理解文章的基本结构;理解作者的意图、观点和态度。二、命题分析预测1.阅读理解的文章在语篇类型方面,说明文占比最大,记叙文和应用文也较常考查;题材以个人经历、人物故事、介绍说明、社会文化、新闻报道、广告信息等为主,内容贴近生活、紧跟时代。2.在题型方面,尽管对细节理解题的考查仍然占比较高,但是对于深层信息的获取、识别及再现相关信息能力的考查有所增加,对于阅读理解中词汇、短语和句子含义的推断以及基于文意的推理判断等的考查逐渐增加。3.选材范围将会继续扩大,将会涵盖移动互联网、大数据、人工智能等方面的文章,通过选材反映时代的变化、社会的发展、国家和个人的需求。4.试题对文化意识的考查力度将会继续加大,试题不仅会涉及文化知识,还会涉及社会文化现象,体现对"跨文化意识"和"跨文化交际"两个方面的考查。三、聚焦核心素养阅读理解对学科核心素养的考查主要通过选取基于社会情境、涵盖中外优秀文化的语篇,考查考生借助语言理解和表达意义的能力;考查考生对中外文化的理解能力,增强他们对优秀文化的认同感;考查考生的逻辑性、批判性、创造性等思维特征;考查考生根据问题或情境,围绕相关主题,综合运用所学知识、技能和策略,识别、分析、理解语篇,并通过整合、内化、迁移等方式发现问题和解决问题的能力。四、题型突破一考情概述细节理解题在高考阅读理解中占总题量的一半左右,比例相当大。该题型主要针对原文中的具体信息发问,考查考生对阅读材料中的某一特定细节、某个事实或个别词句的理解。细节信息题命题形式多样,考查内容涉及多个角度(如who,when,where,what,which,why,howmany和howmuch等)。综观近几年的试题可以发现,细节理解题的难度有所增加,主要表现为:题目信息是原文信息的同义转述;有时要将几个具体细节综合起来才可得出答案。预计2022年高考对细节理解题的考查将延续这两个特点。二命题特点近几年高考细节理解题考查最多的是直接信息题和间接信息题。1.直接信息题。在原文中可直接找到答案,这类题比较简单,通常是原文再现:(1)题干中的关键信息点在文章中有直接具体的再现;(2)选项中的关键信息点在文章中所找到的题干信息点中有直接具体的再现。2.间接信息题。为了更好地考查考生的思维品质,命题人往往会对具体信息进行处理:(1)同义替换文中的关键词语;(2)对时间、数量、年龄等数字信息进行加工;(3)综合一些事实细节进行理解。三选项特点1.正确选项的特点(1)对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文句子中的一些词换成意义相近的词,变成正确选项。(2)词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性,或者改变原文句子的语态,给考生制造障碍。(3)语言简化。把原文中复杂的语言现象进行简化,变成正确选项。(4)正话反说。把原文句子的意思反过来表达,变成正确选项。2.干扰项的特点(1)将原文内容扩大或缩小。把原文中的限定词去掉或替换掉,使该选项看似正确,实际上却是错误的。(2)把未然当已然。改变文中某句话的时态,如把将来时变成现在时,把未发生的事情当成已发生的事情。(3)无中生有。选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论,而文中并未提及。(4)偷换概念。把原来做该事的"张三"换成"李四",而所述细节却与原文一致。(5)文不对题。这类选项最不容易辨别,选项中的描述与原文完全一致,确实属于原文中的一个细节,这时要回到题干,看该选项是否能回答题干所提的问题。(6)符合常识,但不是文章内容。(7)正误参半。五、真题探究语篇类型:应用文主题:乘坐火车的相关信息词数:208难度:★建议时间:4分钟TrainInformationAllcustomerstravellingonTransLinkservicesmustbeinpossessionofavalidticketbeforeboarding.Forticketinformation,pleaseaskatyourlocalstationorcall131230.WhileQueenslandRailmakeseveryefforttoensuretrainsrunasscheduled,therecanbenoguaranteeofconnectionsbetweentrainsorbetweentrainservicesandbusservices.

Lostproperty(失物招领)CallLostPropertyon131617duringbusinesshoursforitemslostonQueenslandRailservices.ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday7:30amto5:00pmandislocated(位于)atRomaStreetstation.PublicholidaysOnpublicholidays,generallyaSundaytimetableoperates.Oncertainmajoreventdays,i.e.AustraliaDay,AnzacDay,sportingandculturaldays,specialadditionalservicesmayoperate.Beforetravelpleasevisit.auorcallTransLinkon131230anytime.CustomersusingmobilitydevicesManystationshavewheelchairaccessfromthecarparkorentrancetothestationplatforms.Forassistance,pleasecallQueenslandRailon131617.Guardiantrains(outbound)DepartOriginDestinationArrive6:42pmAltandiVarsityLakes7:37pm7:29pmCentralVarsityLakes8:52pm8:57pmFortitudeValleyVarsityLakes9:52pm11:02pmRomaStreetVarsityLakes12:22am21.Whatwouldyoudotogetticketinformation?A.Call131617. B.Visit.au.C.Askatthelocalstation. D.Checkthetrainschedule.22.Atwhichstationcanyoufindthelostpropertyoffice?A.Altandi. B.RomaStreet.C.VarsityLakes. D.FortitudeValley.23.WhichtrainwouldyoutakeifyougofromCentraltoVarsityLakes?A.6:42pm. B.7:29pm.C.8:57pm. D.11:02pm.命题分析▶素养解读本文介绍了乘坐火车的相关信息。文章基于真实的社会情境,要求考生能看懂相关信息,考查考生从中提取并分析信息,从而解决问题的能力,关注考生独立生活的能力,引导考生学会生活。▶试题分析所设三道题均属于直接信息题,在文章中都可以直接找到答案,比较简单。庖丁解牛▶重难词汇validadj.有效的guaranteen.保证,担保additionaladj.额外的accessn.通道,入径assistancen.帮助,援助▶词块积累inpossessionof拥有makeeveryefforttodosth.尽一切努力做某事▶难句突破句式分析:While在此引导让步状语从句,从句中的asscheduled是方式状语从句的省略,省略了trainsare。句意:尽管昆士兰铁路尽一切努力确保列车按时刻表运行,但不能保证列车之间或列车服务系统和公共汽车服务系统之间的衔接。解题思路21.C直接信息题。根据题干中的关键信息"ticketinformation"可迅速定位到第一段的第二句"Forticketinformation,pleaseaskatyourlocalstationorcall131230",因此选C。22.B直接信息题。根据题干中的关键信息"lostpropertyoffice"可迅速定位到第三段的第二句"ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday7:30amto5:00pmandislocated(位于)atRomaStreetstation",因此选B。23.B直接信息题。根据题干信息"Central"和"VarsityLakes"可迅速定位到文中火车时刻表格里的发车时间"7:29pm",因此选B。语篇类型:记叙文主题:努力自有回报词数:314难度:★★建议时间:6分钟JenniferMauerhasneededmorewillpowerthanthetypicalcollegestudenttopursuehergoalofearninganursingdegree.ThatwillpowerborefruitwhenJennifergraduatedfromUniversityofWisconsin-EauClaireandbecamethefirstinherlargefamilytoearnabachelor'sdegree.Mauer,ofEdgar,Wisconsin,grewuponafarminafamilyof10children.Herdadworkedatajobawayfromthefarm,andhermotherranthefarmwiththekids.Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition(学费),becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.Aftergraduation,sheworkedtohelphersistersandbrotherspayfortheirschooling.

Jennifernowismarriedandhasthreechildrenofherown.Shedecidedtogobacktocollegetoadvancehercareerandtobeabletobettersupportherfamilywhiledoingsomethingsheloves:nursing.ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.Jenniferreceivedgreatsupportfromherfamilyassheworkedtoearnherdegree:Herhusbandworkedtwojobstocoverthebills,andher68-year-oldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrenattimes.Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.Jennifersacrificed(牺牲)toachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy."Somenightsmyheartwasbreakingtohavetopickbetweenmykidsandstudyingforexamsorpapers,"shesays.However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily—andthat'sprettypowerful.4.WhatdidJenniferdoafterhighschool?A.Shehelpedherdadwithhiswork.B.Sheranthefamilyfarmonherown.C.Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.D.Shetaughthersistersandbrothersathome.5.WhydidJenniferchoosetheprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfield?A.Totakecareofherkidseasily.B.Tolearnfromthebestnurses.C.Tosavemoneyforherparents.D.Tofindawell-paidjobthere.6.WhatdidJennifersacrificetoachievehergoal?A.Herhealth.B.Hertimewithfamily.C.Herreputation.D.Herchanceofpromotion.7.WhatcanwelearnfromJennifer'sstory?A.Timeismoney.B.Lovebreaksdownbarriers.C.Hardworkpaysoff.D.Educationisthekeytosuccess.命题分析▶素养解读本文通过讲述JenniferMauer在各种不利因素下仍然坚持学习的事迹,告诉考生在困难中坚持学习的重要性,只要坚持努力,付出总会有回报,并引导考生要有吃苦耐劳的精神,要不断挑战自我。▶试题分析前三道题均属于间接信息题。题干的关键信息都能直接在原文中找到,但设置的选项是对原文信息的再加工,因此做题时要注意对比选项与原文信息,并进行语意上的转换。庖丁解牛▶重难词汇advancevt.促进,推动covervt.足以支付,够付standingn.名声,地位witnessvt.见证▶词块积累bearfruit取得成果,成功setaside留出,省出(钱或时间)earnone'sdegree获得文凭▶难句突破句式分析:本句是一个主从复合句,主句中的"workingtopayhertuition(学费)"是动词-ing短语作伴随状语;because引导原因状语从句,从句中使用了therebe句型,句中的"setasideforacollegeeducation"是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰extramoney。句意:高中毕业之后,Jennifer上了一所当地的工学院,自己打工以支付学费,因为当时家里没有余钱供她上大学。解题思路4.C间接信息题。根据题干中的关键信息"afterhighschool"可定位到第二段中的"Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition(学费)",由此可知,Jennifer高中毕业后上了工学院,且自己打工挣学费,这与C项"她自食其力读完大学"含义一致。故选C。5.A间接信息题。根据题干关键信息可定位到第三段中的"ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegreeclosetohome...helpwithherkids",由此可知,Jennifer选择离家近的"UW-EauClaire"项目,是为了在学习的同时可以照顾到孩子,故选A。6.B间接信息题。根据题干中的关键信息"sacrificetoachievehergoal"可定位到第四段中的"Jennifersacrificed(牺牲)toachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy",对比选项可知,B项中的time暗指文中的nights,family暗指文中的kids,故选B。7.C推理判断题。文章介绍了Jennifer在经济困难的情况下依靠自己完成了学业,婚后她既要照顾家庭又想深造,在这种情况下,她努力付出,最终实现了目标。她的经历表明,一个人的努力付出是会有回报的,故选C。六、考法解题能力提升考法1直接信息题命题透视直接信息题的特点是在原文中可以找到和选项信息几乎一样的短语或句子,考题常常针对文中某一特定的信息,比如时间、地点、人物、机构、名称等来设题。因为这类信息多属表层信息,所以题目难度一般不会太大,多见于应用文中。方法点拨题干定位法TheLakeDistrictAttractionsGuideDalemainMansion&HistoricGardensHistory,Culture&Landscape(景观).Discoverandenjoy4centuriesofhistory,5acresofcelebratedandaward-winninggardenswithparklandwalk.OwnedbytheHasellfamilysince1679,hometotheInternationalMarmaladeFestival.Giftsandantiques,plantsales,museums&MediaevalHallTearoom.Open:29Mar-29Oct,SuntoThurs.Tearoom,Gardens&GiftShop:10.30-17.00(16.00inOct).House:11.15-16.00(15.00inOct).Town:PooleyBridge&Penrith...DoveCottage&TheWordsworthMuseumDiscoverWilliamWordsworth'sinspirationalhome.TakeatourofhisLakelandcottage,walkthroughhishillsidegardenandexploretherichesofthecollectionintheMuseum.Visittheshopandrelaxinthecafé.Exhibitions,eventsandfamilyactivitiesthroughouttheyear.Open:Daily,09.30-17.30(lastadmission17.00).Town:Grasmere21.WhenistheHouseatDalemainMansion&HistoricGardensopenonSundaysinJuly?A.09.30-17.30. B.10.30-16.00.C.11.15-16.00. D.12.00-16.30.23.WhereshouldvisitorsgoiftheywanttoexploreWordsworth'slife?A.Penrith. B.Kendal.C.Carlisle. D.Grasmere.【解析】21.根据题干中的"DalemainMansion&HistoricGardens"可迅速定位到选文第一部分,再根据题干中的关键词"House"可直接锁定原文相关信息"House:11.15-16.00(15.00inOct)",故选C。23.题目询问游客想要了解Wordsworth的生活应该去哪里?根据题干中的"Wordsworth's"可定位到选文第二部分,再由本部分中的"Town:Grasmere"可知,本题应选D。考法2间接信息题命题角度1词语替换类细节题命题透视该类题的特点是试题题干或选项中的关键词语通常使用同义词或近义词甚至反义词来替换文中的相关细节信息,例如,使用book对文中的reserve进行同义转换,用lessdifferent对文中的moreincommon进行同义转换。方法点拨词语复现法◆SupportPacificScienceCenterSince1962,PacificScienceCenterhasbeeninspiringapassion(热情)fordiscoveryandlifelonglearninginscience,mathandtechnology.Today,PacificScienceCenterservesmorethan1.3millionpeopleayearandbringsinquiry-basedscienceeducationtoclassroomsandcommunityeventsalloverWashingtonState.It'sanamazingaccomplishmentandonewecannotachievewithoutgeneroussupportfromindividuals,corporations,andothersocialorganizations.VisittofindvariouswaysyoucansupportPacificScienceCenter.22.WhatdoesPacificScienceCenterdoforschools?A.Trainscienceteachers.B.Distributesciencebooks.C.Inspirescientificresearch.D.Takesciencetotheclassroom.【解析】题干中的关键词"schools"在文中并未出现,但"...bringsinquiry-basedscienceeducationtoclassrooms"中的"classrooms"与schools相互关联。将其与选项比对可知,本题应选D。命题角度2数字计算类细节题命题透视此类题要求考生对具体细节信息,尤其是年龄、时间、数量等数字信息进行加工,但此类试题的重点不在于计算,而在于考查考生对具体信息的处理能力,故试题设置的计算一般比较简单。方法点拨查读分析法Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat....30.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?A.About6,800. B.About3,400.C.About2,400. D.About1,200.【解析】题目问的是现在有多少种语言的使用人数少于6000,根据题干中的数字"6,000"可快速定位到选段最后一句"Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat",目前全球不同语言使用人数的中位数仅是6000,这就意味着世界上有一半语言的使用人数不到6000,再结合选段第一句"Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages"可知,该题的答案为大约3400(6800÷2)种,故选B。命题角度3信息综合类细节题命题透视为了增加细节理解题的难度,命题人有时候也会从考查考生信息综合能力的角度来命题,虽然各细节信息在文章中都能找到,但需要考生进行综合分析之后,才能得出答案。方法点拨定位甄别法Abuild-it-yourselfsolarstill(蒸馏器)isoneofthebestwaystoobtaindrinkingwaterinareaswheretheliquidisnotreadilyavailable.DevelopedbytwodoctorsintheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture,it'sanexcellentwatercollector.Unfortunately,youmustcarrythenecessaryequipmentwithyou,sinceit'sallbutimpossibletofindnaturalsubstitutes.Theonlycomponentsrequired,though,area5'×5'sheetofclearorslightlymilkyplastic,sixfeetofplastictube,andacontainer—perhapsjustadrinkingcup—tocatchthewater.Thesepiecescanbefoldedintoaneatlittlepackandfastenedonyourbelt....32.Whatdoweknowaboutthesolarstillequipmentfromthefirstparagraph?A.It'sdelicate. B.It'sexpensive.C.It'scomplex. D.It'sportable.【解析】根据题干中的"thefirstparagraph"可知解题信息在第一段,从该段的最后一句"Thesepiecescanbefoldedintoaneatlittlepackandfastenedonyourbelt"可获取解决本题的关键信息,这种太阳能蒸馏器能折叠,便于携带。delicate易碎的,expensive昂贵的,complex复杂的,portable便携式的。故选D。七、精选考点题型专练Passage1语篇类型主题词数难度建议时间应用文历史遗迹之旅270★4分钟MagicalHistoryTourJoinusforourfifthannualexplorationoffascinatinghistoricsitesaroundGreaterPortlandthatyou’veneverseenormaybedidn’tevenknow!TheMagicalHistoryTourisyourkeytounlockingfascinatinghistoricalplacesthatarenotusuallyopentothepublic.Itisaself-guidedadventurewhichisguaranteedtoamazeandamusebothadultsandchildren.Equippedwithamap,andatyourownpace,youwillbegreetedbyguidesateachlocationreadytosharethehistoryofthetourstop.Inthe5thyearoftheMagicalHistoryTour,wewillbepresentinganexcitingmixofbothnewsitesandfavoritesfromthepastfouryears.TheMagicalHistoryTourcheck-inbeginsat9:45amatMaineHistoricalSociety’sBrownLibrary.Atthistime,youwillfindoutwherethetourwilltakeyouasyoureceiveyourmapandticketintoeachsite.FollowusonTwitterandInstagramforupdates,chancestowinticketsandsomeotherexcitingopportunities;andfeelfreetoshareyourtourexperiencestooursocialmediapagesusingMHStour!●Time:10:00am—4:00pm,Saturday,May9,2020●Location:485CongressStreet●Tickets:Getyourticketsonline,bycallingusat(207)774-1822,orbyvisitingourMuseumStoreat489CongressStreet$25/AdultMHSMember;$35/AdultGeneralAdmission;$5/Juniorunderage18.●Volunteering:WeneedvolunteersfortheMagicalHistoryTour!Volunteershelpforhalfthedayofthetourandaregivenafreetickettothetourtoenjoyeitherbeforeoraftertheirvolunteershift!Formoreinformation,emailusatevents@orcallusat(207)774-1822.1.What’sthepurposeoftheMagicalHistoryTour?A.Toexploreunfamiliarhistoricsites.B.Tovisitsomeworld-famousattractions.C.Toprovidechildrenwithhistoryclasses.D.Tomakesomeprivateplacesknowntothepublic.2.Howmuchshouldacouple(oneisMHSMember)andakidpay?A.$55. B.$65. C.$75. D.$105.3.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Youcanbuyaticketbyemail.B.Touristswillonlybeguidedbyamap.C.Onlynewsitesareavailableforthetour.D.Volunteerscantakepartinthetourforfree.【解析】该文介绍了第五次年度探索GreaterPortland周围历史遗迹的旅游项目,包括时间、地点、票价和志愿者服务等信息。1.A考查细节理解。根据题干中的关键词thepurpose定位到原文第一段的第一、二句"Joinusforourfifthannualexploration...tothepublic",由此可知,该旅行的目的在于探索不熟悉的历史遗迹,故A项正确。2.B考查细节理解。根据题干中的关键词pay定位到原文Tickets中的"$25/AdultMHSMember;$35/AdultGeneralAdmission;$5/Juniorunderage18",由此可知,一对夫妻(其中一位是MHS会员)加一个孩子,所需票价是25+35+5=65美元,故B项正确。3.D考查细节理解。根据Volunteering部分中的"Volunteershelpforhalfthedayofthetourandaregivenafreetickettothetourtoenjoyeitherbeforeoraftertheirvolunteershift!"可知,志愿者可免费参加此次旅行,故D项正确。Passage2语篇类型主题词数难度建议时间应用文创新设计比赛252★4分钟InnovativeDesignsforAccessibilityDeadline:2021-04-30Award:$7,500Opento:UniversitystudentsTheInnovativeDesignsforAccessibilitystudentcompetitionchallengesstudentsacrossCanadatousetheircreativitytodevelopinnovative,cost-effectiveandpracticalsolutionstoaccessibilitybarriersforpeoplewithdisabilities.(Readmore)CleanTechCompetitionDeadline:2021-04-13Award:$28,000Opento:Students(13-15yearsold)TheCleanTechCompetitionisaunique,worldwideresearchanddesignchallengeforpre-collegeyouth.ThecompetitionisdesignedtobuildadeeperunderstandingofSTEM(science,technology,engineering,andmathematics)—relatedconcepts,recognizeoutstandingtalent,andpreparethenextgenerationofgloballycompetitiveinnovators.(Readmore)AgileRoboticsCompetitionDeadline:2021-04-10Award:$17,500Opento:AdultsTheAgileRoboticsCompetitionisasimulation-based(基于仿真的)competitiondesignedtopromoteagility(灵活)inindustrialrobotsystemsbyemployingthelatestadvancesinartificialintelligenceandrobotplanning.Thecompetitionwillbeheldvirtually(虚拟地),sothereisnoneedtotraveltocompete.ThecompetitionwillusetheGazebosimulationtool.(Readmore)WearableRoboticsInnovationChallengeDeadline:2021-04-24Award:$5,000Opento:EveryoneTheWearableRoboticsAssociationisinvitingentriesthatrepresentthemostinnovativenewideasinwearablerobotictechnology.Thereviewcommitteewillselectasmanyastenfinalists.Theoneconsideredtobethemostinnovativewillbeannouncedattheconferenceandwillreceive$5,000toacceleratethenewtechnology.1.Whichcompetitionfavorscompetitorswithacreativemindinhelpingthedisabled?A.CleanTechCompetition.B.InnovativeDesignsforAccessibility.C.AgileRoboticsCompetition.D.WearableRoboticsInnovationChallenge.2.What’stheaimofCleanTechCompetition?A.TomakeresearchaboutSTEM.B.Toencourageuniversitystudentstobeinnovators.C.Tohelpstudentspreparefortheuniversity.D.Tofindtalentedteenagersanddeveloptheirabilitytoinnovate.3.Whatcanweknowaboutthefourcompetitions?A.Theyareopentoeveryone.B.Everycompetitorcangetanaward.C.TheyareheldinApril.D.Theyareheldvirtually.【解析】该文章是一篇在网站上发布的四则创新设计类比赛的相关信息。1.B考查细节理解。根据第一部分的主体内容可知,该比赛要求选手利用他们的创造力为残疾人的无障碍环境做出创新、经济、实用的解决方案,故选B。2.D考查细节理解。根据CleanTechCompetition部分第二句可知,该竞赛旨在加深对STEM相关概念的理解,发现优秀人才,培养下一代具有全球竞争力的创新者,故D选项"找到有天赋的青少年,并培养他们的创新能力"正确。3.C考查细节理解。根据每一部分的Deadline的内容可知,C项正确。Passage3语篇类型主题词数难度建议时间说明文孔子学院306★★6分钟AgroupofNorthernIrelandschoolchildrenwarmedtheheartsofChineseguestsonacoldDecemberdaywhentheyperformedChinesesongs.Thechildrenhadrehearsed(排练)forsixweeks,withthehelpofMandarinteachersfromtheUniversityofUlster’sConfuciusInstitute.TheperformanceonFriday,insideBelfast’selegantandhistoricParliamentBuildings,preceded(先于)awelcomedinneraheadofthethirdUK-ChinaRegionalLeadersMeetingonSaturdaythatwasattendedbymorethan100leadersfromChina.AstraderelationsbetweenChinaandNorthernIrelandgrow,Mandarinhasbecomemorepopularintheprovince.Friday’sperformancewasgivenbychildrenfromMillburnPrimarySchoolandGrosvenorGrammarSchool,whichbothofferMandarinlessons,thankstothelocalConfuciusInstitutethatwasestablishedin2012.Fromitsstart,whichsawtwoMandarinteacherssupport169students,theUniversityofUlster’sConfuciusInstitutehadgrowntocomprise51teachersand19,000registeredstudentsbyDecember,2017.Aquarteroftheinstitute’s161partnerprimaryandsecondaryschoolshavemadeMandarinlearningcompulsoryforcertainagegroups.AndstudentsalsogainexposuretoChineseculture,includingcalligraphy,Chinesecharactersandmusic."OurConfuciusInstitutewasestablishedpartlyinresponsetoexistingdemandfromschools,"saidLiuYan,directoroftheUniversityofUlster’sConfuciusInstitute.Whilepreparingtoopentheinstitute,herteamsentoutasurveyto1,241primaryandsecondaryschoolsinNorthernIreland.Around500respondedbysayingtheywouldliketoofferMandarinlessons.TheChinesegovernmentlaunchedtheConfuciusInstituteconceptin2004asawayofpromotingtheChineselanguageandcultureabroad.ConfuciusInstitutesarenon-profitorganizationsandareaffiliated(附属于)withWesternacademicinstitutions,includingsecondaryschoolsanduniversities.BythetimeofDecember,2018,548ConfuciusInstituteshadbeenestablishedin154countriesandregions.1.Whatisthelocalpeople’sattitudetotheperformance?A.Serious. B.Uninterested.C.Curious. D.Cautious.2.Mandariniscompulsoryinabout.

A.40schools B.100schoolsC.160schools D.169schools3.WhyisConfuciusInstitutesetupinNorthernIreland?A.Tocompetewithlocalschools.B.Tomeetlocalschools’demands.C.Totradewithlocalpeople.D.Torealizeexistingpurposes.4.WhatwasthepurposeoflaunchingtheConfuciusInstituteconceptin2004?A.Toearnmoremoney.B.Toknowmorepeople.C.TospreadChineseculture.D.Toteachmorestudents.【解析】北爱尔兰地区的孔子学院成立的部分原因是满足学校现有的需求。自2012年创办以来,它的规模不断扩大,其合作的部分中小学将普通话列为特定年龄段的学生的必修课程。孔子学院在多个国家和地区均有分布,中国文化借助孔子学院在全球得到进一步的传播。1.A考查推断判断。根据题干中的关键词"theperformance"定位到第一段和第二段的第一句,由此可知,孩子们为了这次演出在阿尔斯特大学孔子学院中文老师的帮助下排练了六周,且此次演出在北爱尔兰首府贝尔法斯特的议会大厦进行,由此可推知当地人对这次演出的态度是认真的,故A项正确。2.A考查细节理解。根据题干中的"compulsory"定位到第二段中的"Aquarteroftheinstitute’s161partnerprimaryandsecondaryschoolshavemadeMandarinlearningcompulsoryforcertainagegroups",由此可知在该孔子学院的161所合作中小学中,有四分之一的学校将普通话列为特定年龄段学生的必修课。故A项正确。3.B考查细节理解。根据题干中的"setup"定位到第三段中的"OurConfuciusInstitutewasestablishedpartlyinresponsetoexistingdemandfromschools"可知,建立孔子学院的部分原因是满足学校现有的需求,故B项正确。4.C考查细节理解。根据题干中的"purpose"定位到第四段中的"TheChinesegovernmentlaunchedtheConfuciusInstituteconceptin2004asawayofpromotingtheChineselanguageandcultureabroad"可知,中国政府于2004年提出了孔子学院的概念,是为了在国外推广汉语和中国文化,故C项正确。Passage4NeedaJobThisSummer?Theprovincialgovernmentanditspartnersoffermanyprogramstohelpstudentsfindsummerjobs.Thedeadlinesandwhatyouneedtoapplydependontheprogram.Notastudent?Gotothegovernmentwebsitetolearnaboutprogramsandonlinetoolsavailabletohelppeopleunder30buildskills,findajoborstartbusinessesallyearround.JobsforYouthIfyouareateenagerlivingincertainpartsoftheprovince,youcouldbeeligible(符合条件)forthisprogram,whichprovideseightweeksofpaidemploymentalongwithtraining.Whoiseligible:Youth15-18yearsoldinselectcommunities(社区).SummerCompanySummerCompanyprovidesstudentswithhands-onbusinesstrainingandawardsofupto$3000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15-29,returningtoschoolinthefall.StewardshipYouthRangerProgramYoucouldapplytobeaStewardshipYouthRangerandworkonlocalnaturalresourcemanagementprojectsforeightweeksthissummer.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear.SummerEmploymentOpportunities(机会)ThroughtheSummerEmploymentOpportunitiesprogram,studentsarehiredeachyearinavarietyofsummerpositionsacrosstheProvincialPublicService,itsrelatedagenciesandcommunitygroups.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15orolder.Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29forpersonswithadisability.1.WhatisspecialaboutSummerCompany?A.Itrequiresnotrainingbeforeemployment.B.Itprovidesawardsforrunningnewbusinesses.C.Itallowsonetoworkinthenaturalenvironment.D.Itoffersmoresummerjobopportunities.2.WhatistheagerangerequiredbyStewardshipYouthRangerProgram?A.15-18. B.15-24. C.15-29. D.16-17.3.Whichprogramfavorsthedisabled?A.JobsforYouth. B.SummerCompany.C.StewardshipYouthRangerProgram. D.SummerEmploymentOpportunities.Passage1本文介绍了学生在暑期可以兼职的四个项目。1.B细节理解题。根据SummerCompany中的"SummerCompanyprovidesstudentswithhands\|onbusinesstrainingandawardsofupto＄3,000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses"可知，这个项目给创业的学生提供高达三千美元的奖金。2.D细节理解题。本题问StewardshipYouthRangerProgram要求的参与活动的学生的年龄范围。根据本部分中的"Whoiseligible:Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear"可知，学生的年龄应该在16—17岁，故选D。3.D细节理解题。题干问：哪一个项目对残疾人特别照顾？根据文章的最后一句"Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29forpersonswithadisability"可知，SummerEmploymentOpportunities对残疾人特别照顾，故选D。【长难句解读】Ifyouareateenagerlivingincertainpartsoftheprovince,youcouldbeeligible（符合条件）forthisprogram,whichprovideseightweeksofpaidemploymentalongwithtraining.分析：本句是一个主从复合句。句首为If引导的条件状语从句，第二个逗号之后为which引导的非限制性定语从句，对先行词program进行补充和说明。译文：如果你是一个住在这个省某些地方的青少年，你就符合这个项目的条件，这个项目提供为期八周的带薪培训和工作。Passage5MyFavouriteBooksJoUsmarisawriterforCosmopolitanandco-authoroftheThisBookWillseries(系列)oflifestylebooks.Hereshepickshertopreads.MatildaRoaldDahlIoncewroteapaperontheinfluenceoffairytalesonRoaldDahl’swritinganditgavemeanewappreciationforhisstrangeanddelightfulworlds.Matilda’sbattleswithhercruelparentsandthebossyheadmistress,MissTrunchbull,areequallyfunnyandfrightening,butthey’realsoaspirational.AfterDarkHarukiMurakamiIt’sabouttwosisters—Eri，amodelwhoeitherwon’torcan’tstopsleeping,andMari,ayoungstudent.Intryingtoconnecttohersister,Maristartschangingherlifeanddiscoversaworldofdiverse"nightpeople"whoarehidingsecrets.GoneGirlGillianFlynnTherewasabitofmethatdidn’twanttolovethiswheneveryoneelseontheplanetdid,butthehorrorstoryisbrilliant.There’stensionandanxietyfromthebeginningasNickandAmybattleforyourtrust.It’sarealwhodunitandthefrustrationwhenyourealisewhat’sgoingonishorriblyenjoyable.TheStandStephenKingThisisanexcellentfantasynovelfromoneofthebeststorytellersaround.Afteraseriousfluoutbreakwipesout99.4%oftheworld’spopulation,abattleunfoldsbetweengoodandevilamongthoseleft.RandallFlaggisoneofthescariestcharactersever.1.Whodoes"I"refertointhetext?A.StephenKing.B.GillianFlynn.C.JoUsmar.D.RoaldDahl.2.WhichofthefollowingtellsaboutMariandEri?A.Cosmopolitan.B.Matilda.C.AfterDark.D.TheStand.3.WhatkindofbookisGoneGirl?A.Afolktale.B.Abiography.C.Alovestory.D.Ahorrorstory.本文介绍了JoUsmar最喜欢的四本书。1.C代词指代题。由标题MyFavouriteBooks以及第一段最后一句话