高考英语一轮（新课标通用）训练检测：专题二语法运用 考点十三　语法填空 Word版含解析

专题二语法运用考点十三语法填空Passage1限时8分钟ChinesehasovertakenFrench,SpanishandGermantobecomeoneofthemostlucrative(赚钱的)foreign__1__(language)forjobseekersintheUK．ResearchshowsgraduatesinChineseearnanaverage__2__(year)salaryof￡31,000(270,000yuan)ormore．Forstudentstoday,strugglingwithrisingdebt,__3__degreeinChinesepromisestosetthemapartintheworkplace．Chinesestudentsset__4__(they)upforadifferentuniversityexperiencefromtheirpeers(同辈)whoaretakingtraditionalessaysubjects．WhileanEnglishstudentmayhaveaslittleassixhoursofcontacttimeaweek,thosestudyingChinese__5__(be)inclassformostoftheday．HannahJacksongraduatedinChineseStudiesfromSheffieldUniversityin2009．Shedescribeshercourse__6__“majorlynervous”．Inthesecondweekofherfirstyear,shewas__7__(suppose)toknowmorethansomeonewhohadtakenChineseatA­Level．HannahstudiedChinese__8__(know)shewantedajobworkinginbusinessinChina．Shegraduatedattheheightoftherecession(衰退)andwenttolookforajobinShanghai,__9__shefoundmoreemploymentopportunities．“StudyingChinesedefinitelymakesyoumoremarketableintheworkplace．PeopleIstudiedChinesewithhavefoundit__10__(easy)tofindajob，”shesaid．1．________2．________3．________4．________5．________6．________7．________8．________9．________10．________1．languages考查名词。“oneofthe＋名词”结构，其中的名词用复数形式。2．yearly考查词性转换。yearlysalary“年薪”。3．a考查冠词。adegree“一种学位”。4．themselves考查代词。当宾语与主语是同一个人或同一些人时，用反身代词作宾语。5．are考查主谓一致。those在句中作主语，且此处描述一个基本事实。6．as考查介词。describe．．．as．．．“把……描述为……”。7．supposed考查固定搭配。besupposedtodosth．“应该做某事”，且由时间状语“．．．ofherfirstyear”可知，本句应用一般过去时。8．knowing考查非谓语动词。作伴随状语，且由句子主语Hannah和know之间存在主动关系可知，应用动词­ing形式。9．where考查定语从句的引导词。关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词Shanghai。10．easier考查形容词比较级。此处表示学习中文的人更容易就业，应用形容词的比较级作宾语补足语。Passage2限时6分钟Gettingfitnolonger__1__(require)apencil­and­paperworkoutplanorafooddiary．Ifyou'relookingforsomenewand__2__(create)waystoimproveyourhealth,tryFitTime．It'slikeyourpersonaltrainer．After__3__(get)alltheinformationitneeds—yourheight,weight,age,andexercisehabits—itgivesyouacustomizedtrainingcourse,__4__asksyoutoworkoutfourtimesaweekforabouttwo__5__(month)．Theexercisesfocus__6__adifferentpartofyourbodyeveryday．Forinstance,onMonday,youdopush­ups(俯卧撑)tobuildupyourarms,andonTuesday,youbuildup__7__(strong)inyourlegsbydoingdeepkneebends．__8__exerciseplanchangesastimegoesby．Thebestpartofthisappisthateveryonecanshare__9__(they)workoutresultsandfollowtheirtraining．Itisagreatwayforyouandyourfriends__10__(encourage)eachothertobuildstrongbodies．1．________2．________3．________4．________5．________6．________7．________8．________9．________10．________1．requires考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本文说明一款健身应用程序的功能，应用一般现在时；动名词短语作主语为单数概念，故谓语动词用单数，填requires。2．creative考查词性转换。所填词与and之前的new一并作定语，修饰ways，故后面也填形容词，故填creative。3．getting考查动名词。after此处用作介词，后接动词时，要用动名词，故填getting。4．which考查定语从句的引导词。此处为非限制性定语从句，空格处填关系代词，指代前一句的内容，并且作主语，故填which。5．months考查名词。根据句意此处用名词的复数形式，故填months。6．on考查介词。此处为固定搭配：focuson“集中注意力于……”。7．strength考查词性转换。由前面的动词短语buildup可知，此处应填名词strength。8．The考查冠词。此处为特指前文所述的训练计划，故用the。9．their考查代词。此处根据句意应该填形容词性物主代词，故填their。10．toencourage考查非谓语动词。way后常接动词不定式作定语，故填toencourage。Passage3限时8分钟AlfredAlder,afamouspsychiatrist,had__1__interestingexperience．Whenhewasasmallboyhegotofftoapoorstartinarithmetic(算术)．Histeachergottheideathathehadnoabilityinarithmetic,andtoldhisparents__2__shethoughtinorderthattheywouldnotexpecttoomuchofhim．Inthisway,theyalsodevelopedtheidea,“Isn't__3__toobadthatAlfredcan'tdoarithmetic？”Heacceptedtheirmistakenestimateofhisability,__4__(feel)thatitwasuselesstotry,andthathewasverypooratarithmetic,justastheyexpected．Onedayhebecameveryangryattheteacherandtheotherstudentsbecausetheylaughedwhenhesaidheknewhowtosolveaproblemwhichnoneoftheotherstudentshadbeenabletosolve．Aldersucceeded__5__solvingtheproblem．Thisgavehim__6__(confident)．Herejectedtheideathathecouldnotdoarithmeticandwas__7__(determine)toshowthemthathecould．Hisangerandhisnew­foundfaithstimulatedhimtogoatarithmeticproblemswithanewspirit．Henowworkedwithinterest,determination,andpurpose,andhesoonbecame__8__(extraordinary)goodatarithmetic．Henotonlyprovedthathecoulddoarithmetic,but(also)learnedearlyinlifefromhisownexperience,__9__apersongoesatajob__10__determinationandpurpose,hemayastonishhimselfaswellasothersbyhisability．1．________2．________3．________4．________5．________6．________7．________8．________9．________10．________1．an考查冠词。experience作“(一次)经历”讲时为可数名词，在本句中表示泛指，故用不定冠词。又由interesting的发音是以元音音素开头的可知，填an。2．what考查宾语从句的连接词。“__2__shethought”为宾语从句，该从句中缺少宾语，且表示“……的事情”，故用what引导。3．it考查it作形式主语。设空处应为形式主语，后面的that从句为真正的主语，故用it。4．feeling考查非谓语动词。设空处前为完整的句子，且与后面结构之间没有连词，故判断设空处应为非谓语动词，且作状语。逻辑主语he与feel之间为主动关系，且与accepted同时发生，故设空处应填现在分词的一般式。5．in考查固定搭配。succeedindoingsth．为固定结构，意为“成功做某事”。6．confidence考查词性转换。givesb．sth．为固定结构，故设空处应用名词作宾语，confident的名词形式为confidence。7．determined考查固定搭配。bedeterminedtodosth．为固定搭配，意为“决心做某事”。8．extraordinarily考查词性转换。设空处前为系动词，后为形容词，由此可判断设空处应为副词，作状语，修饰形容词good。extraordinary的副词形式为extraordinarily。9．if考查连词。句意：他不仅证明自己能做算术题，而且在他年轻时就从自己的经历中得知，如果一个人意志坚定地去做一件事，他有可能靠着自己的能力使自己和别人感到吃惊。设空处所填词连接宾语从句，作learned的宾语。该宾语从句中又含有一个状语从句，即“__9__apersongoesatajob__10__determinationandpurpose”，根据上下文逻辑可知，设空处表示条件，故用if引导。10．with考查介词。with表示行为方式，意为“以……，带着”。又如：fightwithcourage“英勇作战”。Passage4限时8分钟RedisusedinmanyAmericanexpressions．Itcanbeusedtoshow__1__(happy),asin“ared­letterday”．Thisisaday__2__somethingspecialhappens．Theexpressionisprobablybasedonchurchcustoms．Foralmostsixhundredyears,churchcalendars__3__(mark)withredtoindicatespecialholidays．Today'scalendarsarestillmarkedthatwaywiththe__4__(mean)ofholidaysandspecialdaysprintedinred．Theexpression“ared­letterday”isoftenheardineverydaylife．Ared­letterdayisadaywhenpeoplearefeelingquitehappy．Itmaybeadaythatyou'velongwaitedfor,aweddingday,forexample,__5__itmaybeadaywithahappysurprise．Youmighttellyourfriendthatyesterdaywasared­letterday,__6__youwonsomemoneyinthestatelottery(彩票)．“Rollingouttheredcarpet”isanother__7__(common)heardexpression,which__8__(represent)awarmwelcomeofanykind．Acitymay“rollouttheredcarpet”foritsbaseballteamwhen__9__teamarriveshomeafterwinningthechampionship．Redisalsousedinsomeexpressionsthatarenothappy．Red­handedisone．Tobecaughtred­handedistobecaught__10__(perform)awrongact．1．________2．________3．________4．________5．________6．________7．________8．________9．________10．________1．happiness考查词性转换。此处表示它可以被用来表达快乐。该空作动词show的宾语，故填名词happiness，意为“幸福，快乐”。2．when考查定语从句的引导词。句意：这是会有特别的事情发生的一天。先行词为时间名词aday，定语从句中缺时间状语，故填when。3．havebeenmarked考查动词的时态和语态。句意：在将近六百年的时间里，教会的日历常用红色标注出特殊的假日。mark和calendars之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，且该动作一直持续到现在，对现在还有影响，故用现在完成时的被动语态。4．meanings考查词性转换。句意：现在的日历依然用那样的方式做标注，被印成红色的日期表明是假日和特殊的日子。根据空格前定冠词可知，此处填名词，后面的“holidaysandspecialdays”为复数形式，故此处也用复数形式，而且此处表示“含义”，故填meanings。5．or考查连词。句意：它或许是你期待了很久的一天，例如一个(举办)婚礼的日子，或者它可能是有快乐惊喜的一天。根据句意可知，前后为选择关系，故填并列连词or，意为“或者”。6．because/when考查状语从句的连接词或定语从句的引导词。句意：你或许会告诉你的朋友昨天是个好日子，因为你(买的)州彩票中奖了。根据句意可知，前后为因果关系，故可填because；填when也可以，引导非限制性定语从句。7．commonly考查词性转换。此处表示“铺上红地毯”，是另外一个常听到的表达。该空修饰过去分词heard，故填副词commonly。8．represents考查动词的时态与主谓一致。此处表示“那代表热情的欢迎”。关系代词which指代单数名词expression，且此处说的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填第三人称单数形式represents。9．the考查冠词。此处特指上文提到的“baseballteam”，故填the。10．performing考查非谓语动词。句意：“抓现行”就是(某人)在做坏事时正好被抓住。catchsb．doingsth．这里意为“当场抓住某人正在做某事”，其中现在分词作宾补。Passage5限时6分钟Moreandmoremiddleschoolstudentsaregoingtoallkindsoftrainingclassesor__1__(have)familyteachersatweekends．Therearetwodifferentviewpoints__2__it．Somethink__3__necessary．Firstofall,it's__4__(effective)tostudywithateacherthanbythemselves．Secondly,itcanstrengthen__5__theyhavelearnedinclass．Besides,theycanlearnalotmore．Othersthinkit__6__(necessary)．Foronething,studentscaneasilyformthehabitofdependence．For__7__，studentsneedtimetorelaxfromtimetotime．What'smore,thepurposeofmanytrainingclassesandfamilyteachers__8__(be)tomakemoney．Inmyopinion,whetheratrainingclassorfamilyteacher__9__(need)justdepends．Besuretochooseagoodand__10__(suit)classorteacher,oritwouldbeawasteoftimeandmoney．1．________2．________3．________4．________5．________6．________7．________8．________9．________10．________1．having考查并列结构的省略。句意：越来越多的中学生开始在周末参加各种各样的辅导班或者请家教。分析句子结构可知，or连接两个相同的成分：aregoing与arehaving。为了避免重复，省去第二个并列成分中的助动词are，故填having。2．on考查介词。句意：人们对此有两种不同的意见。根据句意可知，填介词on，意为“关于”。3．it考查代词。句意：一些人认为这是有必要的。根据句意可知，设空处指代上文提到的上辅导班或者请家教这件事。故填代词it。4．moreeffective考查形容词的比较级。句意：首先，有老师辅导比自学效率更高。根据下文中的提示词than可知，此处应用比较级。effective是多音节形容词，故填moreeffective。5．what考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：其次，这样可以巩固他们在课堂上所学的内容。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语，且意为“……的事物(东西)”。故填what。6．unnecessary考查词形转换。句意：另外一些人认为这没有必要。此处表述第二种观点，即相反的观点，故此处应该为否定意义。故填necessary的反义词unnecessary，意为“没必要的”。7．another考查固定搭配。句意：一方面，学生容易养成依赖的习惯；另一方面，学生们偶尔也需要时间放松。foronething．．．,foranother．．．为固定搭配，意为“一方面……，另一方面……”。故填another。8．is考查主谓一致。句意：况且，许多辅导班和家教的目的就是为了赚钱。分析句子结构可知，句子的主语是thepurpose，为第三人称单数。故填is。9．isneeded考查动词的时态和语态。句意：依我看，是否需要上辅导班或者请家教要视情况而定。本句主语是whether引导的主语从句，从句中的主语atrainingclassorfamilyteacher与动词need之间存在被动关系，主语为单数，且此处描述作者的观点，应用一般现在时。故填isneeded。10．suitable考查词性转换。句意：一定要选一个好的、合适的辅导班或者老师，要不然就是浪费时间和金钱。修饰名词应用形容词suitable。Passage6限时6分钟OvertheyearsIhavebeenteachingkidsaboutasimplebutpowerfulconcept—theantphilosophy(哲学),an__1__(amaze)four­partphilosophy．First,antsneverquit．Iftheyareheadingsomewhereandyoutrytostopthem,theywillclimbover．Theywillclimbunderorclimbaround．Theyneverquit__2__(look)forawaytogetwherethey__3__(suppose)togo!Second,antsthinkaboutwinterandsummer．Theyarealwaysgatheringtheirwinterfoodinthemiddleofsummerandtheyaremaking__4__(prepare)forthelongcoldwinter．Soyouhavetothinkaboutstormsinsummerandthinkaboutrocks__5__youenjoythesandandsun．Third,antsthinkaboutsummerallwinter．Duringthewinter,theyremind__6__(they),“Thiswon'tlastlongandwewillsoonbeoutofhere．”On__7__firstwarmday,theantsareout．Ifit__8__(turn)coldagain,theywilldivebackdown．Buttheycomeoutagainifitiswarm．Last,howmuchwillanantgatherduringthesummertoprepareforthewinter?Allthatit__9__(possible)can．__10__youcanlearnfromtheantphilosophyis:Nevergiveup,lookahead,staypositiveanddoallyoucan!1．________2．________3．________4．________5．________6．________7．________8．________9．________10．________1．amazing考查非谓语动词。此处修饰物，用amazing。2．looking考查动名词。quitdoingsth．“停止做某事”。故填looking。3．aresupposed考查固定短语。besupposedtodosth．“应该做某事”，故填aresupposed。4．preparations考查词性转换。根据句意用prepare的名词形式preparations，即固定短语makepreparationsfor。5．when/as考查状语从句的连接词。表示时间，用连词when或as都可以。6．themselves考查代词。根据句意“他们提醒他们自己”，用反身代词themselves。7．the考查冠词。表示顺序时序数词前用定冠词the。8．turns考查动词的时态。主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，故用turns。9．possibly考查词性转换。修饰动词，故用副词possibly。10．What考查名词性从句的连接词。“________youcanlearnfromtheantphilosophy”是主语从句，从句中缺宾语，意为“……的事物(东西)”，故用What引导名词性从句。Passage7限时7分钟IcanwellrememberthatIwasonceaskedtodeliveraspeechtitled“ARealTestinMyLife”beforethewholeclassattheageof9!Youcanimaginehow__1__(terrible)shyIwasthemomentIthoughtofthatwithsomanyeyes__2__(fix)uponme．Ihadno__3__(choose)buttoprepareforit,though．Firstofall,Iwastodraftthespeech,whichwasjustapieceofcakeforme,agoodwriter．Butthehardpart__4__(lie)inmyoralpresentationfrommymemory—fortoreadfromthepaperwasnotallowed．Therealmomentbegan__5__Istoodontheplatformwithmylegstremblingandmymindblank．Butmy__6__(listen)werestillwaitingpatientlywithoutanysignsofrushingme．GraduallyIfoundmyselfback,givingoutmyspeechwithdifficulty．Afterwhatseemedtobeahundredyears,Ifoundmyaudienceapplauding—Imade__7__！Fromthenon,myfearoftalkingbeforeanaudience__8__(appear)．Actuallywithmyconfidencebuiltup,Inowturnouttobeagreatspeaker．Lookingback,Iknowthegreatestdifficultyonourway__9__successisourfear．Overcomeit,__10__wewillbeabletoachieveourgoals．1．________2．________3．________4．________5．________6．________7．________8．________9．________10．________篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者九岁那年第一次当众演讲，十分恐惧和害羞，但是最终成功了。从此，作者明白了一个道理：人生路上，只有克服恐惧，才能实现目标。1．terribly考查词性转换。句意：你能想象，我一想到要在那么多双眼睛的注视下演讲，我是多么害羞。形容词shy需要副词来修饰，此处terribly意为“很，非常，极度”，故填terribly。2．fixed考查非谓语动词。由短语fixone'seyeson．．．可知fix和eyes之间存在动宾关系，故用fix的过去分词形式。3．choice考查词性转换。句意：然而，我没有别的选择，只能为演讲做好准备。no后应接名词，故填choice。4．lay考查动词的时态。此处表示但是困难的部分在于作者的口头陈述。由语境可知，这是对过去事情的回忆，故用一般过去时。表示“在于”时，lie的过去式是lay。5．when考查时间状语从句的连接词。句意：当我站在讲台上双腿发抖，大脑一片空白时，真正(考验我)的时刻到了。根据句意可知，此处需要填时间状语从句的连接词when，意为“当……的时候”。6．listeners考查词性转换。句意：但是我的听众们还在耐心地等我，没有催促我的迹象。形容词性物主代词后要跟名词，故用名词listener，意为“听众”；由后面的谓语动词were可知，此处应填其复数形式。7．it考查固定短语。makeit意为“获得成功；准时到达”，为固定短语。8．disappeared考查词形转换和动词的时态。根据上下文可知，作者在第一次演讲中克服了恐惧，故填appear的反义词disappear，意为“消失”；因为该动作发生在过去，故填disappeared。9．to考查固定短语。句意：回首过去，我知道在我们通往成功的路上最大的困难就是我们的恐惧。onone'swayto意为“在某人通往……的路上”，为固定短语。10．and考查连词。句意：克服了它，我们就能实现我们的目标。这里运用了“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”的句型，本句中的陈述句表顺承的结果，需填and。Passage8限时7分钟TylerThompsonis__1__unlikelystarintheworldofPekingOpera．The15­year­oldfromOaklandhasfascinatedaudiencesintheUSandChinawithhisability__2__(sing)pitch­perfectMandarin(普通话)andperformtheancientChineseartform．Theteen,__3__isblackandonlyspeakssomebasicChinese,hasbeenpraisedbyteacherssincehe__4__(pick)upthemusicasakindergartener．“Assoonasheopens__5__(he)mouthandsingsinChinese,theChineseareverysurprisedandtheyfeelveryproudofhim，”saidhismusicteacher．“Whenheputsonthecostumeandalltheacting,youcanseethatheisprettygood．”Tylerhaslearnedtosingseveralwell­knownpiecesofPekingOpera,acenturies­oldformofmusicaltheater__6__(know)foritshighlystructuredcostumes,changinggongs(锣)andcymbals(钹),wide­rangingvoicesandhighlystylized__7__(move)．Tylergot__8__(stand)cheerswhenheperformed__9__JusticeBao,afamousSongDynastyjudgewhofoughtcorruption,fromtheChineseclassicBaoQingtian．“Themusicisverybeautiful,andit'sverypassionate，”saidTyler．“It'smademe__10__(want)toknowmoreabouttheworldoutsideofAmericaorCaliforniaorOakland．”1．________2．________3．________4．________5．________6．________7．________8．________9．________10．________1．an考查冠词。star是可数名词，且第一次在文章中出现，故用不定冠词修饰；形容词unlikely的读音以元音音素开头，故用an。2．tosing考查非谓语动词。abilitytodosth．意为“做某事的能力”，为固定搭配，故用不定式作后置定语。3．who考查定语从句的连接词。who引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词Theteen。4．picked考查动词的时态。since意为“自从”时，引导的状语从句中，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。5．his考查代词。根据mouth和主语he可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词his修饰名词mouth，在句子中作定语。6．known考查非谓语动词。know和句子谓语之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且know和其逻辑主语form之间存在动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。7．movements考查词性转换。根据and可知，此处与名词voices呼应，故用名词的复数形式，即movements。8．standing考查形容词。由空后的名词cheers可知，此处应用形容词形式修饰名词，standing意为“站着进行的”，表示Tyler得到了(观众的)起立欢呼。9．as考查介词。此处as意为“作为”，后跟名词、代词或动名词，与performed呼应，表示扮演的角色，符合语境。10．want考查非谓语动词。makesb．dosth．“使某人做某事”，应用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。故填want。Passage9限时8分钟Manystudentsmayfeel__1__(stress)becauseoftheirparents．Mostparentshavegoodintentions,__2__someofthemaren'tveryhelpfulwiththeproblemstheirsonsanddaughtershavein__3__(adjust)tocollege,andafewofthemseemtogooutoftheirwaytoaddtotheirchildren's__4__(difficulty)．Foronething,parentsareoftennotawareofthekindsofproblemstheirchildrenface．Theydon'trealizethatthe__5__(compete)isstronger,thattherequiredstandardsofworkare__6__(high),andthattheirchildrenmaynotbepreparedfor__7__change．Theymaybeupsetbytheirchildren'spoorgrades．Attheirkindest,theymay__8__(gentle)askwhyJohnorMaryisn'tdoingbetter,whetherheorsheistryingashardasheorsheshould,andsoon．Attheirworst,theymaythreaten__9__(take)theirchildrenoutofcollegeorcutofflivingexpenses．Sometimesparentsthinkitrightandnaturalthattheydetermine__10__theirchildrendowiththeirlives．Theyforgetthateveryoneisdifferentandthateachpersonmustdevelopinhisorherownway．1．________2．________3．________4．________5．________6．________7．________8．________9．________10．________1．stressed考查词性转换。句意：许多学生或许因为他们的父母而感到焦虑不安。名词stress有两个派生形容词：stressed意为“焦虑不安的，无法放松的”；stressful意为“充满压力的，紧张的”。此处是形容人的心理状态，故填stressed。2．but/yet考查连词。此处表示大多数父母意图良好，但有些父母对他们的儿女在适应大学生活上遇到的问题没有多大帮助。由空格前的good和空格后的aren'tveryhelpful可知，上下文之间为转折关系，故填but/yet。3．adjusting考查非谓语动词。此处使用了haveproblemsindoingsth．这一结构，意为“做某事有困难”。其中“theirsonsanddaughters．．．tocollege”是定语从句，修饰先行词theproblems;关系代词that/which作have的宾语，代替problems，但已被省略。动名词短语作介词in的宾语，故填adjusting。4．difficulties考查名词。此处表示一些父母似乎费尽心思增加孩子们的困难。名词所有格中的名词为复数形式，此处需要接名词复数形式，意为“困难的事”，故填difficulties。5．competition考查词性转换。此处表示他们没有意识到竞争更激烈了。由前面的定冠词可知，此处应填名词，compete的名词形式为competition。6．higher考查形容词的比较级。此处表示要求的工作标准更高了。由上文的stronger可知，此处也用比较级。7．the考查冠词。此处表示他们的孩子或许还没有为这种改变做好准备。此处要用the来特指上文提到的变化。8．gently考查词性转换。此处表示“他们会温和地问为什么约翰或玛丽没有表现更好”。动词ask需要用副词来修饰。9．totake考查固定搭配。句意：最糟糕的是，他们会威胁孩子们不让他们上大学或不再给他们提供生活费用。threatentodosth．意为“威胁要做某事”，为固定短语。10．what考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：有时父母认为由他们来决定孩子的生活方式是正确且正常的事。谓语动词determine后的宾语从句中do缺少宾语，意为“……的事情(东西)”，故填what。whatsb．dowithsth．为常用句式结构，意为“某人如何处理某事”。Passage10限时7分钟Longjingtea,__1__hastoppedthelistofthetenmostfamousteasinChinawithitscolor,tasteandshape,__2__(name)afteritsproductionregion—LongjingVillageofWestLake．Thegoodenvironmentandwaterresourceshavecontributedmuchtothe__3__(grow)ofthetea,confirmingthesayingthat“Longjingteaisthe__4__(good)amongalloftheteasintheworld”．Thanks__5__theQianlongEmperoroftheQingDynasty,theteahasearnedahighreputation．ThestorywentthattheQianlongEmperorvisitedamountainduringhisHangzhoutravels,andhesawsomeladiespickingtheteaat__6__footofthemountain．Hewassointerestedintheirmovementsthathedecidedtohaveagohimself．While__7__(pick)thetea,hereceivedthenewsofhismother'sillness,sohecarelesslyputtheleavesinhisrightsleeveand__8__(leave)HangzhouforBeijing．Hevisitedhismother__9__(immediate)uponhisarrivalinBeijing,andhismothersmeltthefragranceofthetealeavesfromhisrightsleeveandwantedtohaveataste．Afterdrinkingacupoftea,shefoundherselfcompletely__10__(refresh),andsheevenpraiseditasacureforallillnesses．Fromthenon,itwaslistedasthetributetea．1．________2．________3．________4．________5．________6．________7．________8．________9．________10．________eq\x(篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了西湖龙井茶盛名的由来。)1．which考查定语从句的引导词。句意：龙井茶因为其色泽、味道和外形而居于中国十大名茶之首，它以其生产地区——西湖龙井村而命名。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，且从句中缺少主语，先行词为表示物的“Longjingtea”，所以用which引导该定语从句。2．isnamed考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，此处主语Longjingtea与动词name之间为被动关系，且叙述一般的情况，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。3．growth考查词性转换。良好的环境和水资源对茶的生长贡献良多。根据空前的定冠词和空后的“ofthetea”可知，此处用名词growth。4．best考查形容词的最高级。龙井茶是世界上所有茶叶中最好的。根据语境可知，此处用形容词的最高级，且由空前的定冠词the及空后的“amongalloftheteasintheworld”也可知应用形容词最高级。5．to考查固定搭配。thanksto意为“幸亏，由于”，为固定搭配。6．the考查冠词。他看见一些女士在山脚下采茶叶。此处atthefootofthemountain意为“在山脚下”，为固定用法。7．picking考查非谓语动词。句意：在采茶叶的时候，他收到了他的母亲生病的消息，所以他漫不经心地把茶叶放到他右边的袖子里，离开杭州去北京。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，此处为分词作状语，动词pick与其逻辑主语he之间为主谓关系，所以用现在分词。8．left考查动词的时态。句意参见上题。本段叙述的是发生在过去的事，所以用一般过去时，且and前的received和put也是提示。9．immediately考查词性转换。他一到北京，就立即去拜访母亲。此处修饰动词visited应用副词。10．refreshed考查词性转换。喝了一杯茶后，她发现自己完全恢复了精神。findoneself＋adj．意为“发现某人自己……”，此处用形容词作宾语补足语。语法填空解题策略探究(一)一、有提示词填空题的解题技巧1．提示词为动词(1)若句子没有谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但所填的动词与之是并列关系时，则所给动词在句子中作谓语，这时就要考虑时态、语态、主谓一致及虚拟语气。典例1(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)________(remove)theskinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfreeze．答案：Removeand连接并列谓语remove和place，故填Remove。(2)若所给提示词为动词，又不在句中作谓语时，应考虑用其非谓语动词形式。典例2(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice________(improve)waterquality．答案：toimprove根据前面的“Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice”可知，政府鼓励农民们种植更多的玉米而不是水稻来提高水质，此处是目的状语，故填toimprove。2．提示词为名词如果给出的提示词是名词，一种情况是考查词形变化，词性不变，如：变成名词复数形式、名词所有格等；另一种情况是考查名词与其他词类的转化，如：转化成形容词、副词等。典例(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014thatshowedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall________(cause)．答案：causes根据句意“每天仅仅跑5～10分钟就能降低所有因素导致的心脏病和早逝的风险”以及all可知，cause用复数形式。3．提示词为形容词或副词如果括号内给出的是形容词或副词，一种情况是考查词性转换，如：形容词与副词之间的转换、形容词或副词与名词、动词等之间的转换；另一种情况是考查比较级，一般有表示范围的介词短语in/of．．．或定语从句，或空格前有the时，要用最高级；than的前面一定要用比较级。典例(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Atasteformeatis________(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle．答案：actually根据语境，此处修饰介词短语behindthechange，使用副词作状语。Passage1限时7分钟(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears__1__(long)thannon­runners．Youdon'thavetorunfastorforlong__2__(see)thebenefit．Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof__3__(die)earlybyrunning．Whilerunningregularlycan'tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit__4__(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife__5__walking,cyclingorswimming．Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014__6__showedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall__7__(cause)．Thebestexerciseisonethatyouenjoyandwilldo．Butotherwise．．．it'sprobablyrunning．Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto__8__(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉),avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes．Runningischeap,easyandit'salways__9__(energy)．Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive__10__atry．1．________2．________3．________4．________5．________6．________7．________8．________9．________10．________1．longer考查副词的比较级。医学报告显示：经常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活3年。根据空格后的than可知用比较级，故填longer。2．tosee考查非谓语动词。你不必跑得太快或时间太长就能看到它的好处。此处不定式作目的状语，故填tosee。3．dying考查非谓语动词。你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然可以通过跑步减少早亡的风险。此处of是介词，其后用动名词。故填dying。4．is考查动词的时态。医学报告显示：跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。这里叙述的是一个事实，用一般现在时。故填is。5．than考查比较句型。根据空格前的moreeffective可知，此处填than。6．that/which考查定语从句的引导词。此处astudy是先行词，指物，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填that或which。7．causes考查名词的复数。一项研究表明，仅仅每天5到10分钟的跑步，就能降低各种原因导致的心脏病和早亡的风险。根据句意可知用复数形式，故填causes。8．strengthen考查词性转换。锻炼以增强你腿上的肌肉。此处to是不定式符号，其后用动词原形。故填strengthen。9．energetic考查词性转换。跑步总是让人充满活力。根据空格前的it's可知，系动词后用形容词作表语。故填energetic。10．it/running考查代词。或许我们都应该试试跑步。此处giveitatry意为“试试”，或填名词running，指跑步这一运动。Passage2限时8分钟(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)DietshavechangedinChina—andsotoohasitstopcrop．Since2011,thecountry__1__(grow)morecornthanrice．Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover__2__past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent．Atasteformeatis__3__(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle．Anotherreasonforcorn'srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice__4__(improve)waterquality．Cornuseslesswater__5__riceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff．Thisswitchhasdecreased__6__(pollute)inthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople．AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal__7__(globe)fertilizerconsumption．TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernment__8__(start)asoil­testingprogram__9__givesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers—and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7．7milliontons．Thatpreventedtheemission(排放)of51．8milliontonsofcarbondioxide．China'sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile__10__(feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide，”saysthebank'sJuergenVoegele．1．________2．________3．________4．________5．________6．________7．________8．________9．________10．________1．hasgrown考查动词的时态。since后接时间点，句子要用现在完成时。句意：2011年以来，中国种植的玉米比水稻多。故填hasgrown。2．the考查冠词。句意：玉米产量在过去25年里增长了近125%，而大米只增长了7%。此处特指在过去的25年里。故填the。3．actually考查词性转换。句意：对肉的喜爱实际上是这种变化背后的原因。此处用副词修饰be动词is。故填actually。4．toimprove考查非谓语动词。句意：为了改善水质，政府鼓励农民种植玉米，而不是水稻。此处用不定式表示目的。故填toimprove。5．than考查连词。句意：玉米比水稻使用的水更少。根据关键词less可知，应填用于两个事物进行比较的连词。故填than。6．pollution考查词性转换。句意：这一转变减少了中国主要的湖泊和水库的污染，使人们的饮用水更加安全。hasdecreased后跟名词作宾语，故填pollution。7．global考查词性转换。句意：中国约占全球化肥总消费量的30%。fertilizerconsumption是名词短语，应该用形容词修饰。故填global。8．started考查动词的时态。句意：在2005年政府开始了一项土壤测试项目。此处描述的是过去的行为，故用一般过去时。9．that/which考查定语从句的引导词。此处为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词program，关系词在从句中作主语。故填that或者which。10．feeding考查状语从句的省略。句意：中国在养活了中国人民的同时又保护了环境。这一做法为全世界的农业和粮食政策制定人提供了很有用的经验。空格处表示正在进行的动作，while后面省略了Chinais。在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句的谓语动词含有be动词的某种形式时，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。故填feeding。Passage3限时8分钟(2019·南昌市重点中学高三年级段考试题)Intoday'sworldofmobilepayment,allwereallyneed__1__(survive)isasmartphone．Butonecompanyishopingtomaketraditionalwalletscoolagain,by__2__(bring)themintothedigitalage．ArmenianfirmVolterman'ssmartwallettakessecuritytoanewlevel．It'sfittedwithdifferenttechnology,suchas__3__alarm,aGPStracker,andevenacamera．Ifyoursmartphoneandwalletbecomeseparate,thealarmwillwarnyou__4__youdon'tleaveitbehind．Andifyourwallet__5__(lose)orstolen,theGPStrackercanhelpyoureachit．Even__6__(interesting)isthefront­facingcamera．“Ifsomeonedarestoopenyourwallet__7__permission,alittlecamerainside__8__(take)apictureandsendittoyourmobilephone．Youwillfindit__9__(easy)byreceivingapictureofthethief，”AzatTovmasyan,Volterman'sfounder,toldnewssiteBanks．am．Thehigh­techwalletwillbereleasedlaterthisyearandwill