赛跑网abap培训教程

1SAPABAP/4培训赛跑网2012年2012年09月2ABAP开发培训内容大纲一.ABAP开发的全局概念和开发环境二.ABAP数据字典和基本语法三.ABAP开发的系统操作四.开发程序的输出五.开发技巧六.开发流程和代码规范3ABAP开发培训内容大纲一.ABAP开发的全局概念和开发环境二.ABAP数据字典和基本语法三.ABAP开发的系统操作四.开发程序的输出五.开发技巧六.开发流程和代码规范4Advanceddvanced

BusinessusinessProgrammingrogrammingApplicationpplicationABAP的含义和概念ABAP/4是一个面向对象的符合SQL标准的第四代专业开发语言。SAPR3的绝大部分是用ABAP/4开发的。SAP最初开发ABAP/4（高级商业应用程序设计）语言仅为内部使用，为应用程序员提供优化的工作环境。经过不断的改进和修改以满足商业领域的需要。现在，ABAP/4已成为SAP开发所有自己的应用程序的专用工具。SAP客户用ABAP/4进行其自身开发。这样的开发通常称为SAP系统的二次开发。ABAP/4开发工作平台包含所有用于创建和维护ABAP/4程序的工具。5ABAP开发的运行环境ApplicationPresentationDatabaseSAPSAPGUIGUISAPSAPGUIGUISAPSAPGUIGUISAPSAPGUIGUI

ABAPABAPABAPABAPRDBMSRDBMSClient/ServerArchitecture6Client-independentcustomizingABAPRepositorycustomizingBASISDBOStestingtrainingABAP资源库与系统架构FunctionModules

ProgramsTablesFIHRMMSDWMMMDevelopmentClassesMMRepositoryObjects7ABAP开发传输路径RChangeRequestDevelopmentsystemProductionsystemTransportingRepositoryObjects开发/测试系统生产系统注意：开发的对象与集团无关8ABAP开发培训内容大纲一.ABAP开发的全局概念和开发环境二.ABAP数据字典和基本语法三.ABAP开发的系统操作四.开发程序的输出五.开发技巧六.开发流程和代码规范9ABAP开发培训内容大纲一.ABAP开发的全局概念和开发环境二.ABAP数据字典和基本语法三.ABAP开发的系统操作四.开发程序的输出五.开发技巧六.开发流程和代码规范10 数据字典对象表或结构的类型表类型确定对应定义在ABAP/4词典中的逻辑表格说明的物理表是否存在。在数据库中同时定义这种表的结构。SAP系统包含下列表类型：透明表（TransparentTable）每个透明表在数据库中有一个相应的物理表。物理表的名称和数据字典中的逻辑表定义的名称一致。所有事务和应用数据存贮在透明表中。结构（Structure）结构在数据库不存在数据记录。结构用于在程序之间或程序与屏幕之间的接口定义。视图（View）若干个透明表通过某些条件连接在一起的一个相应的逻辑表。SAP系统的其他数据字典对象：数据元素（DataElement）

通常用于描述一个数据定义域的属性、信息以及搜索帮助。域（Domain）

定义一个字段的技术信息，例如数据类型，数据范围。11TableAdomainusesusesdataelementAtablefieldA数据字典对象关系TableBtablefieldBdataelementB表，字段，数据元素，域12字段数据元素13viewviewDBDBABAPDictionarytables数据字典：视图ABAPDictionary

transparenttableAfield1field2field3field4ABAPDictionary

transparenttableBfield1field2field3field414数据浏览器(1)ABAP/4WorkbenchToolsOverviewDataBrowser(SE16)Tablename15数据浏览器(2)可以输入查询字段的内容和输出清单的宽度以及最大的命中量16基本语法：链式语句WRITE'XYZ'.WRITENAME.WRITECOUNTER.WRITE:'XYZ',NAME,COUNTER.ADD1TOCOUNTER1.ADD1TOCOUNTER2.ADD1TOCOUNTER3.ADD1TO:COUNTER1,COUNTER2,COUNTER3.17基本语法：数据类型和数据对象(2)DatatypesDataobjectsDATAD1TYPET1.DATAD5TYPEC.DATAD6TYPEC.DATAD2TYPET1.DATAD4TYPET1VALUE'ABC'.DATAD3TYPET1VALUE'123'.TYPEST1(3)TYPEC.TYPECUserdefinedUserdefinedPre-definedPre-defined18基本语法：数据类型Pre-defined(P,I,F,C,N,D,T,X)ElementaryStructuretypeTabletypeStructuredUserdefinedDatatype19基本语法：预定义数据类型Datatype Meaning Initialvalue Standard Allowed length lengthPackednumber 0 8 1-16Integer 0 *4 *10Floatingpointno. 0.0000…E+00 *8 *16Numerictext 00...00 1 1-max.Text(character) Blank 1 1-max.Date(YYYYMMDD) 00000000 8Time(HHMMSS) 000000 6Hexadecimal X'00' 2 1-max.*Machine-specific max.:approx.64,000Byte压缩型整型浮点型数值型文本型日期型时间型十六进制型IPre-defined:20基本语法：用户定义数据类型RPre-defined(P,I,F,C,N,D,T,X)ElementaryFieldstringtypeTabletypeStructuredUserdefinedDatatypeTYPES<type2>[(<length>)]TYPE<type1>[OCCURS0].TYPES<type>LIKE<dataobject>[OCCURS0].TYPES:BEGINOF<typ>,...,ENDOF<typ>.Anamemaynotconsistonlyofnumbersmendation:Alwaysusealetterasthefirstcharacter.Ifyouarecombiningwordsinthename,separatethemwithanunderscore

RulesforassigningtypenamesThemaximumlengthforanameis30characters(Letters,numbersandunderscore)Userdefined:TYPES<type>[(<length>)]TYPE<pre-defined>.21Pre-defined(P,I,F,C,N,D,T,X)ElementaryFieldstringtypeTabletypeStructuredUserdefinedDatatypeTYPES:NAME_TYPE(25)TYPEC,SUM_FIELD_TYPETYPEPDECIMALS2,DATE_TYPELIKESFLIGHT-FLDATE.TYPES<type2>[(<length>)]TYPE<type1>[DECIMALS<n>].基本语法：基础数据元素定义Elementarytypes:22基本语法：用户定义结构类型Pre-defined(P,I,F,C,N,D,T,X)ElementaryFieldstringtypeTabletypeStructuredUserdefinedDatatypeTYPES:BEGINOFFLIGHTREC1_TYPE,FLAGTYPEC,CARRIDLIKESPFLI-CARRID,NAMETYPENAME_TYPE,SUM_FIELDTYPESUM_FIELD_TYPE,ENDOFFLIGHTREC1_TYPE,FLIGHTREC2_TYPETYPEFLIGHTREC1_TYPE.TYPES:BEGINOF<type>,...,ENDOF<type>.TYPES<type>TYPE<rectype>.Fieldstringtypes:23基本语法：用户定义表类型Pre-defined(P,I,F,C,N,D,T,X)ElementaryFieldstringtypeTabletypeStructuredUserdefinedDatatypeTYPES<itabtype>TYPE<linetype>OCCURS0.TYPESFLIGHTINFOLIST1_TYPELIKESPFLIOCCURS0.TYPESFLIGHTINFOLIST2_TYPELIKESPFLI-CARRIDOCCURS0.Tabletypes:24TYPE-POOLZ400.TYPES:Z400_NAME_TYPE(25)TYPEC,Z400_FLIGHTTAB_TYPELIKESPFLIOCCURS0,....REPORT....TYPE-POOLSZ400.DATA:NAMETYPEZ400_NAME_TYPE,FLIGHTTABTYPEZ400_FLIGHTTAB_TYPE.....ABAP基本语法：数据字典的类型池TypesgroupsintheABAPdictionary:25基本语法：数据对象VariableLiteralConstantFixedDataobject可变的数据对象：我们通常翻译成变量固定的数据对象：我们通常翻译成常量26VariableLiteralConstantFixedDataobjectDATA<dataobject>TYPE<type>[VALUE<literal>].DATA<dataobject2>LIKE<dataobject1>[VALUE<literal>].DATA:BEGINOF<dataobject>,...,ENDOF<dataobject>.DATA<dataobject>TYPE<type>OCCURS<n>.RulesfornamingdataobjectsThemaximumlengthforanameis30characters(letters,digits,specialcharacters)Thefollowingspecialcharactersarenotallowed:()+.,:SPACEisapre-definedfield基本语法：变量Variabledataobjects:27DATA:COUNTERTYPEI,NAME1(25)TYPEC,START_DATETYPED,FIRST_LINETYPEIVALUE1,SUM1(5)TYPEPDECIMALS2,SUM_FIELDTYPESUM_FIELD_TYPE,NAME2LIKESCUSTOM-NAME,NAME3LIKENAME1.DATA<dataobject>TYPE<type>[VALUE<fixeddataobject>].VariableLiteralConstantFixedDataobject基本语法：基础数据元素变量Elementarydataobjects:28Fieldstringsdataobjects:基本语法：结构变量DATA:FLIGHTREC1TYPEFLIGHTREC1_TYPE.DATA:BEGINOFFLIGHTREC2,FLAGTYPEC,CARRIDLIKESPFLI-CARRID,NAMETYPENAME_TYPE,SUM_FIELDTYPESUM_FIELD_TYPE,ENDOFFLIGHTREC2.DATA:BEGINOF<fieldstring>,...,ENDOF<fieldstring>.<fieldstring>-<field>MOVE'X'TOFLIGHTREC2-FLAG.WRITEFLIGHTREC2-SUM_FIELD.VariableLiteralConstantFixedDataobject29Internaltables:基本语法：内部表的定义DATA:FLIGHTLIST1TYPEFLIGHTREC1_TYPEOCCURS0.DATA:BEGINOFFLIGHLIST2OCCURS0,FLAGTYPEC,CARRIDLIKESPFLI-CARRID,NAMETYPENAME_TYPE,SUM_FIELDTYPESUM_FIELD_TYPE,ENDOFFLIGHTTAB2.DATA<itabobject>TYPE<linetype>OCCURS<n>.DATA<itabobject>TYPE<itabtype>.DATA:BEGINOF<itabobject>OCCURS<n>,...,ENDOF<itabobject>.manipulatetablesdynamically!!!VariableLiteralConstantFixedDataobject30基本语法：常量'abc','2.17','1.213E15','0FFF','A''B'Sequenceofcharactersenclosedininvertedcommas.Max.255charsTextliterals715,-431Wholenumber(withprecedingminussignifnegative)NumberliteralsCONSTANTS<constants>TYPE<type>VALUE<literal>.CONSTANTS:PITYPEPDECIMALS4VALUE'3.1415',BOSS(4)TYPECVALUE'Hugo'.ninedigitsorfewertenormoredigitsIPCtypeconversionifnecessaryLiteraltypeLiteraltypeVariableLiteralConstantFixedDataobjectLiteralsandconstants:31基本语法：初始化数据对象REPORT....DATA:NAME1(25)TYPEC,FIRST_LINE(4)TYPEIVALUE'4',FLIGHTRECTYPEFLIGHTREC1_TYPE.CLEAR:NAME1,FIRST_LINE,FLIGHTREC.CLEAR<dataobject>.InitializingaDataObject:Setsafieldtotheinitialvalueappropriateforitsdatatype32RDATA:NAME1(25)TYPEC,FIRST_LINE(4)TYPEN,SORT_NAMELIKENAME1,FLIGHTREC1TYPEFLIGHTREC1_TYPE,FLIGHTREC2TYPEFLIGHTREC1_TYPE,FLIGHTLIST1TYPEFLIGHTREC1_TYPEOCCURS0,FLIGHTLIST2TYPEFLIGHTREC1_TYPEOCCURS0.MOVE'SAP'TONAME1.MOVE5TOFIRST_LINE.SORT_NAME=NAME1.FLIGHTREC2=FLIGHTREC1.FLIGHTLIST2=FLIGHTLIST1.MOVE<dataobject1>TO<dataobject2>.<dataobject2>=<dataobject1>.REPORT....基本语法：赋值AssigningValues33RDATA:COUNTERTYPEI,AMOUNTTYPEPVALUE1000,SUMTYPEP,RESULTTYPEP,NUMBER(2)TYPECVALUE'99',ROOTTYPEF.COUNTER=COUNTER+2.RESULT=AMOUNT*COUNTER.SUM=RESULT+NUMBER-COUNTER.RESULT=COUNTER*(AMOUNT+NUMBER).ROOT=SQRT(NUMBER+COUNTER).[COMPUTE]<field>=<arithmeticexpression>.+-/*DIVMODSQRTEXPLOGSINCOSSTRLENTAN...OperatorsFunctions基本语法：运算符34TypeLengthValueTypeLengthValue1A4A____4ABCD2AB7-47110_447110-312345-7_12345-SourcefieldSourcefieldTargetfieldTargetfieldCCCPCCPCConversionrulesexistforallallcombinationsofelementarytypes(exceptforTtoDandviceversa)基本语法：类型转换(2)ConversionRule:ElementaryTypes35基本语法：Write语句(1)REPORT ZXX02line-size165line-count66.WRITE: '******************************'.SKIP2.WRITE: 'Date', SY-DATUM.WRITE: 'Time', SY-UZEIT.SKIP2.WRITE: '******************************'.01.01.20066TestReport 1******************************Date01.01.2006Time17:18:38******************************36REPORT ZXX02.WRITE: 5'******************************'.SKIP.WRITE: 5'Date', 20SY-DATUM,

/5'Time',20SY-UZEIT.ULINE /5(30).SKIP2.ULINE.Column20Column501.03.2006AnotherTestReport 1******************************Date01.03.2006Time12:22:06

基本语法：Write语句(2)37基本语法：Write语句(3)REPORT ZXX02.DATA: POSTYPEIVALUE5, LENTYPEIVALUE25.WRITEAT/POS(LEN)'******************************'.SKIP.WRITEAT:POS'Date',20SY-DATUM,/POS'Time',20SY-UZEIT.ULINEAT/POS(LEN).01.01.2006YetAnotherTestReport 1*************************Date01.01.2006

Time17:18:38

38REPORTZ170D035.WRITE: /'Date',SY-DATUM, /'Time',SY-UZEIT....NEW.WRITE: /'User',SY-UNAME,

/'System',SY-SYSID.

1Date 01.01.2006

Time 08:16:24

2User EverymanSystem S50SystemListPrint12基本语法：Write语句(4)39REPORTZXX01NOSTANDARDPAGEHEADING.WRITE:/'Date',SY-DATUM, /'Time',SY-UZEIT.NEW.WRITE:/'Thisispage2'.

...TOP-OF.WRITE:/20'ReportXYZ',40'PageNo:',SY-PAGNO.

ReportXYZ PageNo:1Date 01.01.2006

Time 08:16:24 ReportXYZ PageNo:2Thisispage2基本语法：Write语句(5)40REPORTZ170D037.WRITE:TEXT-001,10SY-Datum....

TEXT-002,10SY-UZEIT...TextsymbolsTextelementsProgramnameZDEMO001Lang.EText-TextSymbol+1+2+3+ABAP/4TextElements:ChangeTextSymbols001Date002TimeDate 01.01.2006Time 21:07:54 基本语法：Write语句(6)41REPORTZXX02NOSTANDARDPAGEHEADING.WRITE:/(10)'Date'Centered,(12)SY-DATUM, /(10)'Time'color2left-justified,(12)SY-UZEIT.NEW.WRITE:/'Thisispage2'color1.

...TOP-OF.

WRITE:/20'ReportXYZ',40'Page:',SY-PAGNO.

1orCOL_HEADING Headers(grayishblue)2orCOL_NORMAL Listbody(brightgray)3orCOL_TOTAL Totals(yellow)4orCOL_KEY Keycolumns(bluishgreen)5orCOL_POSITIVE Positivethresholdvalue(green)6orCOL_NEGATIVE Negativethresholdvalue(red)7orCOL_GROUP Controllevels

(violet)基本语法：Write语句(7)42基本语法：Write语句(8)uline(96).write:/(1)SY-VLINENO-GAP,40'系统查询报表',96(1)SY-VLINENO-GAP.uline(96).write:/(1)SY-VLINENO-GAP,(18)'产品名称'centered,(1)SY-VLINENO-GAP,(8)'产品类型',(1)SY-VLINENO-GAP,(8)'订单',(1)SY-VLINENO-GAP,(15)'数量'centered,(1)SY-VLINENO-GAP,(4)'单位',(1)SY-VLINENO-GAP,(4)'总价',(1)SY-VLINENO-GAP,(10)'创建日期'centered,(1)SY-VLINENO-GAP,(12)'备注'centered,(1)SY-VLINENO-GAP.uline(96).43基本语法：子字段RREPORT....DATA:BEGINOFDATEREC,YEAR(4)TYPEC,MONTH(2)TYPEC,DAY(2)TYPEC,ENDOFDATEREC.DATA:YEAR(4)TYPEC,MONTH(2)TYPEC,DAY(2)TYPEC.MOVESY-DATUMTODATEREC.WRITE:/DATEREC-YEAR,DATEREC-MONTH,DATEREC-DAY.MOVE:SY-DATUM(4)TOYEAR,SY-DATUM+4(2)TOMONTH,SY-DATUM+6(2)TODAY.WRITE:/YEAR,MONTH,DAY.

2006122520061225Sub-fields44RIFENDIFCASEENDCASEDOENDDOWHILEENDWHILECONTINUECHECKEXITCasedistinctionLoopsOthercontrolstatements基本语法：内部控制语句(1)ControlCommands:Overview45基本语法：内部控制语句(2)LogicalExpressionsRDATA:STARTTYPED,

SUM1TYPEP,SUM2TYPEP....IFSUM2GE1000.IFSTARTISINITIAL.IFSUM1GTSUM2ANDSUM1BETWEEN0AND100.IFSUM1=1000AND(SUM2LE2000ORSTARTISINITIAL).EQ=NE<>GT>GE>=LT<LE<=ISINITIALBETWEENf1andf2EqualUnequalGreaterthanLessthanLessthanorequalInitialvalueIntervalOperatorOperatorMeaningMeaning...<logicalexpression>AND<logicalexpression>...<logicalexpression>OR<logicalexpression>...NOT<logicalexpression>......<field><literal>......<field1><field2>...<operator><operator>

<operator><operator>Greaterthanorequal46基本语法：内部控制语句(3)IF<logicalexpression>.ENDIF.IF<logicalexpression>.ELSE.ENDIF.IF<logicalexpression>.ELSEIF<logicalexpression>.ELSEIF<logicalexpression>.ELSE.ENDIF.StatementsStatementsStatementsStatementsStatementsStatementsStatementsForexample:DATA:STARTTYPED,SUM1(3)TYPEI,SUM2LIKESUM1....IFSTARTISINITIAL....SUM1=SUM2.ENDIF.IFSUM1GTSUM2....SUM1=SUM1–SUM2.ELSEif…….

SUM1=SUM2–SUM1.Elseif…….ENDIF.IFSUM1BETWEEN0AND100....SUM2=100–SUM1.ENDIF.47CASE<dataobject1>.WHEN<dataobject2>.WHEN<dataobject3>.WHEN<dataobject4>OR<dataobject5>.WHENOTHERS.ENDCASE.StatementsStatementsStatementsStatements基本语法：内部控制语句(4)Forexample:DATA:COUNTRY(3)TYPEC,WINNER(10)TYPEC....CASECOUNTRY.

WHEN‘USA’.

WINNER=‘USA’.

WHEN‘CHN’.WINNER=‘CHINA’.

WHEN‘JPN’.WINNER=‘JAPAN’.ENDCASE.48基本语法：内部控制语句(5)DO <n> TIMES.ENDDO.SY-INDEXLoopindexstatementsForexample:DATA:STARTTYPED,SUM1(3)TYPEI,SUM2(6)TYPEI....DO100TIMES.SUM2=SUM2+SUM1.ENDDO.DoLoop:SUM2=SUM2+100*SUM1.49基本语法：内部控制语句(6)WHILE<logicalexpression>.ENDWHILE.DATA:SEARCH_METYPEI,

TRIES

TYPEI,

NUMBER(3)

TYPEIVALUE2.

SEARCH_ME=64.

WHILENUMBER<>SEARCH_ME.

ADD1TOTRIES.

NUMBER=NUMBER*2.

ENDWHILE.

statementsWHILELoop:50CHECK<logicalexpression>.CHECK<condition>.statementsstatementsCHECKwithinaloopstructure.有条件终止当次循环CHECKoutsideloopstructures.WHILECOUNTERGT0. CHECKFLAGNESPACE.ENDWHILE.statementsstatements12基本语法：内部控制语句(7)51DO... IFCOUNTERGE100.

EXIT. ENDIF.ENDDO.statementsstatementsEXITwithinaloopstructure.无条件终止所有循环EXIToutsideloopstructure.EXIT.IF....

EXIT.ENDIF.statementsstatements12基本语法：内部控制语句(8)52DO100TIMES.IFSY-INDEXGE10ANDSY-INDEXLE20.

CONTINUE.ENDIF.ENDDO.statementsstatementsCONTINUE.无条件终止当次循环基本语法：内部控制语句(9)53课后练习I

报表逻辑：XXX是个人的用户名；“除数”一栏中是从1开始步长为1的序列；“余数”一栏中是”除数”除以3之后的余数；当”除数”是5的奇数倍的时候，这一列不进行输出；是5的偶数倍的时候，进行换页；当”余数”为0的时候，进行红色的输出附加补充55基本语法：内部表工作原理(1)Pre-defined(P,I,F,C,N,D,T,X)ElementaryFieldstringtypeTabletypeStructuredUserdefinedDatatypeManipulatingtablesdynamically!!!CARRIDCONNIDInternaltable<itab>AA0017LH0400LH0402LH0403UA0027SQ0005DATA<itabobject>TYPE<linetype>OCCURS<n>.DATA<itabobject>TYPE<itabtype>.DATA:BEGINOF<itabobject>OCCURS<n>,...,ENDOF<itabobject>.56基本语法：内部表工作原理(2)REPORTZXX06.TABLES:TABNA.TYPES:BEGINOFSALES,NAME(30)TYPEC,SALES(4)TYPEPDECIMALS2,ENDOFSALES.DATA:AMOUNT(5)TYPEN,

BEGINOFADDRESS_LISTOCCURS5,FLAGTYPEC,IDLIKETABNA-ID,..AMOUNT1LIKEAMOUNT,,

ENDOFADDRESS_LIST,SALES_TABTYPESALESOCCURS10WITHHEADERLINE.

ExamplesADDRESS_LISTHeaderlineSALES_TABHeaderline10rows/lines57基本语法：内部表工作原理(3)CARRIDCONNIDAA0017internaltable<itab>Workarea<wa>LH0400SORT<itab>BY<field1>...<fieldn>.CLEAR<itab>.REFRESH<itab>.LOOPAT<itab>...ENDLOOP.READTABLE<itab>....APPEND...<itab>.COLLECT...<itab>.INSERT...<itab>.MODIFY<itab>....DELETE<itab>....WorkingwithInternalTables:Movecorresponding<dbtb>to<wa>.AA0017LH0400CARRIDCONNIDCARRIDCONNID58CARRIDCONNIDAA0017Internaltable<itab>Workarea<wa>LH0400CARRIDCONNIDAA0017Internaltable<itab>Headerline<itab>LH0400APPEND<wa>TO<itab>.MODIFY<itab>INDEX<n>FROM<wa>.LOOPAT<itab>INTO<wa>.WRITE<wa>-<field>.ENDLOOP.READTABLE<itab>INDEX<n>INTO<wa>.WRITE<wa>-<field>.APPEND<itab>.MODIFY<itab>INDEX<n>.LOOPAT<itab>.WRITE<itab>-<field>.ENDLOOP.READTABLE<itab>INDEX<n>.WRITE<itab>-<field>.基本语法：内部表工作原理(4)InternalTablesWithorWithoutHeaderLine:59REPORT....TABLES:SFLIGHT.DATA:FLIGHTINFO_LISTLIKESFLIGHTOCCURS0.SELECT*FROMSFLIGHT.

APPENDSFLIGHTTOFLIGHTINFO_LIST.ENDSELECT.APPEND[<wa>TO]<itab>.CARRIDCONNID...AA0017...InternaltableFLIGHTINFO_LISTTableworkareaSFLIGHTSFLIGHTSELECTAPPENDAA00260026AA基本语法：内部表工作原理(5)FillingInternalTables:60基本语法：内部表工作原理(6)RSELECT*FROM<table>INTOTABLE<itab>.CARRIDCONNID...AA0017...InternaltableFLIGHTINFO_LISTDatabasetableSFLIGHTAAAAAAAA0017002600260064............REPORT....TABLES:SFLIGHT.DATA:FLIGHTINFO_LISTLIKESFLIGHTOCCURS0.SELECT*FROMSFLIGHTWHERECARRID='AA'.APPENDSFLIGHTTOFLIGHTINFO_LIST.ENDSELECT.SELECT*FROMSFLIGHTINTOTABLEFLIGHTINFO_LISTWHERECARRID='AA'.ArrayFetch:61基本语法：内部表工作原理(7)CARRIDPRICE(TYPP)456789LH100000HeaderlineAA20909381DL9333382LH176666931866669COLLECT[<wa>INTO]<itab>.REPORT....TABLES:SFLIGHT.TYPES:BEGINOFFLIGHTINFO_TYPE,CARRIDLIKESFLIGHT-CARRID,PRICELIKESFLIGHT-PRICE,ENDOFFLIGHTINFO_TYPE.DATA:FLIGHTINFO_LISTTYPEFLIGHTINFO_TYPEOCCURS0WITHHEADERLINE.SELECT*FROMSFLIGHT.MOVE-CORRESPONDINGSFLIGHTTOFLIGHTINFO_LIST.COLLECTFLIGHTINFO_LIST.ENDSELECT.FillingInternalTableswithCumulativeValues:SFLIGHTCARRID NAME PRICE00000001 WILLY 1200 00000001 1200FLIGHTINFO_LISTFLAG CARRID TIME PRICE62基本语法：内部表工作原理(8)SORT<itab>BY<field1><field2>....REPORT....TABLES:SFLIGHT.DATA:FLIGHTINFO_LISTLIKESFLIGHTOCCURS0WITHHEADERLINE.SELECT*FROMSFLIGHTINTOTABLEFLIGHTINFO_LISTWHERE....

SORTFLIGHTINFO_LIST...SORTFLIGHTINFO_LISTBYPRICEFLDATE...SORTFLIGHTINFO_LISTBYPRICEASCENDING

FLDATEDESCENDINGCARRIDASCENDINGASTEXT.SortinganInternalTable:63基本语法：内部表工作原理(9)LOOPAT<itab>[INTO<wa>]....ENDLOOP.REPORT....TABLES:SFLIGHT.DATA:FLIGHTINFO_LISTLIKESFLIGHTOCCURS0WITHHEADERLINE.SELECT*FROMSFLIGHTINTOTABLEFLIGHTINFO_LISTWHERE....LOOPATFLIGHTINFO_LIST.WRITE:/FLIGHTINFO_LIST-CARRID,FLIGHTINFO_LIST-CONNID...ENDLOOP....LOOPATFLIGHTINFO_LISTWHERECARRID='LH'.

WRITE:/FLIGHTINFO_LIST-CARRID,FLIGHTINFO_LIST-CONNID...ENDLOOP.IFSY-SUBRCNE0...ENDIF.UsingLoopswithanInternalTable:64基本语法：内部表工作原理(10)READTABLE<itab>[INTO<wa>]WITHKEY...REPORT....TABLES:SFLIGHT.DATA:FLIGHTINFO_LISTLIKESFLIGHTOCCURS0WITHHEADERLINE,TAB_INDEXTYPEI.SELECT*FROMSFLIGHTINTOTABLEFLIGHTINFO_LISTWHERE....READTABLEFLIGHTINFO_LISTWITHKEYCARRID='LH'CONNID='0400'.IFSY-SUBRCNE0ENDIF.TAB_INDEX=SY-TABIX+1.READTABLEFLIGHTINFO_LISTINDEXTAB_INDEX.IFSY-SUBRCNE0ENDIF.ReadinganEntryfromanInternalTable:65基本语法：内部表工作原理(11)REPORT....TABLES:SFLIGHT.DATA:FLIGHTINFO_LISTLIKESFLIGHTOCCURS0WITHHEADERLINE.SELECT*FROMSFLIGHTINTOTABLEFLIGHTINFO_LISTWHERE....READTABLEFLIGHTINFO_LISTWITHKEYCARRID='LH'CONNID='0400'.MOVE'345.89'TOFLIGHTINFO_LIST-PRICE.MODIFYFLIGHTINFO_LISTINDEXSY-TABIX.IFSY-SUBRCNE0....ENDIF...INSERTFLIGHTINFO_LISTINDEX5....DELETEFLIGHTINFO_LISTINDEX5.IFSY-SUBRCNE0....ENDIF.INSERT[<wa>INTO]<itab>INDEX<i>.MODIFY<itab>INDEX<i>[FROM<wa>].DELETE<itab>INDEX<i>.ChanginganInternalTableI:66基本语法：内部表工作原理(12)LOOPAT<itab>[INTO<wa>].INSERT[<wa>INTO]<itab>.MODIFY<itab>[FROM<wa>].DELETE<itab>.ENDLOOP.ChanginganInternalTableII:REPORT.......LOOPATFLIGHTINFO_LIST.INSERTFLIGHTINFO_LIST....MODIFYFLIGHTINFO_LIST....DELETEFLIGHTINFO_LIST.ENDLOOP.DELETEFLIGHTINFO_LISTWHERE<Condition>.67基本语法：内部表工作原理(13)RCARRIDCONNIDAA0017Internaltable<itab>Workarea<wa>LH0400CARRIDCONNIDAA0017Internaltable<itab>Headerline<itab>LH0400CLEAR<wa>.REFRESH<itab>.CLEAR<itab>.withheaderlinewithoutheaderline

REFRESH<itab>.DeletinganInternalTable:68基本语法：内部表工作原理(14)REPORT....TABLES:SFLIGHT.DATA:FLIGHTINFO_LISTLIKEBCAXXOCCURS10.SELECT*FROMSFLIGHTINTOTABLEFLIGHTINFO_LIST.DESCRIBETABLEFLIGHTINFO_LISTLINESLINE_COUNT.DESCRIBETABLE<itab>....CARRIDCONNID...AA0017...InternaltableFLIGHTINFO_LISTAAAAAA001700260026.........LINE_COUNT4InformationaboutanInternalTable:69基本语法：ABAPOPENSQL(1)Whichcolumns?Whichcolumns?Whichtables?Whichtables?Whereto?Whereto?Whichentries?Whichentries?Howaretheygrouped?Howaretheygrouped?Howaretheyarranged?Howaretheyarranged?SELECT<result>FROM<table>INTO<target>WHERE<condition>GROUPBY<fields>ORDERBY<fields>.Particularcolumn}Severallines}SinglelineSelectoverview:70基本语法：ABAPOPENSQL(2)REPORT....TABLES:SPFLI.SELECT*FROMSPFLIWHERECARRID='LH'.SELECTSINGLE*FROMSPFLIWHERECARRID='LH'.SELECT<result>FROM<table>....ENDSELECT.SELECTSINGLE<result>FROM<table>.SingleorMultipleEntryProcessing:NoENDSELECTrequiredENDSELECT.71基本语法：ABAPOPENSQL(3)REPORT....TABLES:SPFLI.DATA:MAXFIELDLIKESFLIGHT-DISTANCE,COUNTERTYPEI.SELECTCITYFROMCITYTOINTO(SPFLI-CITYFROM,SPFLI-CITYTO)FROMSPFLI.WRITE:/SPFLI-CITYFROM,SPFLI-CITYTO.ENDSELECT.SELECTMAX(DISTANCE)COUNT(*)

FROMSPFLIINTO(MAXFIELD,COUNTER).SELECT*.......ENDSELECT.SELECT<field1>...<fieldn>....[...ENDSELECT].WRITE:'Longestflightconnection',MAXFIELD,/'Numberofflightconnections',COUNTER.SELECTClause:72基本语法：ABAPOPENSQL(4)REPORTB170D068.TABLES:TABNA.DATA:W_COUNTRYLIKETABNA-COUNTRY.SELECTDISTINCTCOUNTRYINTO(W_COUNTRY)FROMTABNA.ENDSELECT.statementsREPORTB170D069.TABLES:TABNA.DATA:W_IDLIKETABNA-ID,W_COUNTRYLIKETABNA-COUNTRYSELECTDISTINCTIDCOUNTRYINTO(W_ID,W_COUNTRY)FROMTABNA.ENDSELECT.statementsTABNACountryIDAU 12345678AU 22009520USA 10034766USA 22009520USA 999857631stpass2ndpassTABNACountryIDAU 12345678AU 22009520USA 10034766USA 22009520USA 999857632ndpass1stpassSELECTdistinct:73RSELECT<result>FROM<table>INTO<wa>....ENDSELECT.SELECT<result>FROM<table>INTO(<field1>,...,<fieldn>)....ENDSELECT.SELECT<result>FROM<table>INTOTABLE<itab>.REPORT....TYPES:BEGINOFFLIGHTINFO_TYPE,CARRIDLIKESPFLI-CARRID,CONNIDLIKESPFLI-CONNID,ENDOFFLIGHTINFO_TYPE.DATA:WATYPEFLIGHTINFO_TYPE,FLIGHTINFO_LISTTYPEFLIGHTINFO_TYPEOCCURS0.SELECTCARRIDCONNIDFROMSPFLIINTOWA.APPENDWATOFLIGHTINFO_LIST.ENDSELECT.SELECTCARRIDCONNIDFROMSPFLIINTO(SPFLI-CARRID,SPFLI-CONNID).

WRITE:SPFLI-CARRID,SPFLI-CONNID.ENDSELECT.SELECTCARRIDCONNIDFROMSPFLIINTOTABLEFLIGHTINFO_LIST.基本语法：ABAPOPENSQL(5)IntoClause:74基本语法：ABAPOPENSQL(6)SELECT<result>FROM<table>......WHERE<tablefield><operator><value>....WHERE<tablefield>BETWEEN<value1>AND<value2>....WHERE<tablefield>LIKE<pattern>....WHERE<tablefield>IN(<value1,value2,...)....WHERE<tablefield>IN<seltab>.ENDSELECT.WhereClauseoverview:EQ,= LE,<=NE,<> GT,>LT,< GE,>=Equalto LessthanorequalNotequalto GreaterthanLessthan GreaterthanorequalAllowablecomparisonoperatorsforWHEREconditions:75基本语法：ABAPOPENSQL(7)REPORT....TABLES:SPFLI.SELECT*FROMSPFLIWHERECITYFROMLIKE'_R%'.WRITE:/SPFLI-CARRID,SPFLI-CONNID,SPFLI-CITYFROM,....ENDSELECT.SELECT<result>FROM<table>WHERE<tablefield>LIKE<pattern>.WhereClause:like76基本语法：ABAPOPENSQL(8)REPORT....TABLES:SFLIGHT.SELECT*FROMSFLIGHTWHEREPRICEIN(123,1000).WRITE:/SFLIGHT-CARRID,SFLIGHT-CONNID,SFLIGHT-PRICE,....ENDSELECT.SELECT<result>FROM<table>WHERE<tablefield>IN(<value1>,<value2>,...).WhereClause:in77基本语法：ABAPOPENSQL(9)RSELECT<result>...FROM<table>GROUPBY<field1>...<fieldn>.REPORT....TABLES:SFLIGHT.DATA:CARRIDLIKESFLIGHT-CARRID,MINIMUMTYPEPDECIMALS2,MAXIMUMTYPEPDECIMALS2.SELECTCARRIDMIN(PRICE)MAX(PRICE)INTO(CARRID,MINIMUM,MAXIMUM)FROMSFLIGHTGROUPBYCARRID.WRITE:/CARRID,MINIMUM,MAXIMUM.ENDSELECT.IFSY-SUBRCNE0.WRITE:/TEXT-001.ENDIF.Groupbyclause:78基本语法：ABAPOPENSQL(10)REPORT....TABLES:SPFLI.SELECTCARRIDCONNIDCITYFROMFROMSPFLIINTO(SPFLI-CARRID,SPFLI-CONNID,SPFLI-CITYFROM)ORDERBYCITYFROM.

WRITE:/SPFLI-CARRID,SPFLI-CONNID,

SPFLI-CITYFROM.ENDSELECT.IFSY-SUBRCNE0.WRITE:/TEXT-001.ENDIF.SELECT<result>FROM<table>ORDERBY<field1><field2>...PRIMARYKEY.Orderbyclause:79基本语法：功能函数(1)PROGRAM...TABLES...CALLFUNCTION'FM_02'EXPORTING...IMPORTING...UsingfunctionmodulesMaintainingfunctionmodulesFM_02InterfaceImportExportTablesExceptionsProgramDocumentationAdministrationFMgroup:FIBUFM_01...FM_02...FM_03...FM_04...FMgroup:ZIBUFunctionLibraryFunctionLibrary80基本语法：功能函数(2)81基本语法：功能函数(3)REPORT....TABLES:SFLIGHT.DATA:losslikesflight-paymentsum,revenuelike...CALLFU